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The Scroll with Seven Seals
1ThenI sawa scrollintheright handof the Oneseatedonthethrone.It had writingon both sidesand was sealedwith sevenseals.2And I saw a mighty angel proclaiming in a loud voice, “Who is worthy to break the seals and open the scroll?”…

Treasury of Scripture

And I saw in the right hand of him that sat on the throne a book written within and on the backside, sealed with seven seals.

that sat.

Revelation 4:3
And he that sat was to look upon like a jasper and a sardine stone: andthere was a rainbow round about the throne, in sight like unto an emerald.

a book.

Revelation 10:2,8-11
And he had in his hand a little book open: and he set his right foot upon the sea, andhis leftfoot on the earth, …

Isaiah 34:16
Seek ye out of the book of the LORD, and read: no one of these shall fail, none shall want her mate: for my mouth it hath commanded, and his spirit it hath gathered them.

Ezekiel 2:9,10
And when I looked, behold, an handwas sent unto me; and, lo, a roll of a bookwas therein; …

sealed.

Revelation 6:1
And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals, and I heard, as it were the noise of thunder, one of the four beasts saying, Come and see.

Isaiah 8:16
Bind up the testimony, seal the law among my disciples.

Isaiah 29:11
And the vision of all is become unto you as the words of a book that is sealed, whichmen deliver to one that is learned, saying, Read this, I pray thee: and he saith, I cannot; for itis sealed:

BacksideBookCloseCloselyHandHighInsideLyingOutsideRightSatScrollSealedSealsSeatSeatedSevenShutSidesStampsThroneWaxWithinWritingWrittenBacksideBookCloseCloselyHandHighInsideLyingOutsideRightSatScrollSealedSealsSeatSeatedSevenShutSidesStampsThroneWaxWithinWritingWritten1.The book sealed with seven seals,
9.which only the Lamb that was slain is worthy to open.
12.Therefore the elders praise him, and confess that he redeemed them with his blood.

Then I saw a scroll
The scroll represents a legal document or decree, often associated with God's plan or judgment. Scrolls were common in ancient times for recording important information. In biblical context, scrolls often symbolize divine revelation or prophecy, as seen inEzekiel 2:9-10, where a scroll is given to the prophet containing words of lamentation and woe.

in the right hand of the One seated on the throne.
The right hand signifies power and authority, indicating that the scroll is under the control of God, who is sovereign. The One seated on the throne is God the Father, emphasizing His supreme authority over the events that are about to unfold. This imagery is consistent with other biblical visions of God's throne, such as inIsaiah 6:1 andDaniel 7:9.

It had writing on both sides
Writing on both sides suggests completeness and fullness, indicating that nothing more can be added to God's plan. This is reminiscent of the tablets of the Law given to Moses, which were inscribed on both sides (Exodus 32:15). It underscores the comprehensive nature of the divine decree contained within the scroll.

and was sealed with seven seals.
The number seven in biblical literature often symbolizes perfection or completeness. Seals were used in ancient times to secure documents and ensure their contents remained confidential until the appointed time for their opening. The seven seals indicate that the scroll's contents are perfectly secured and will be revealed in God's perfect timing. This concept of sealing is also seen inDaniel 12:4, where Daniel is instructed to seal the words of the prophecy until the time of the end.

1.Him who sat on the throne
This refers to God the Father, the sovereign ruler of the universe, who is depicted as sitting on the throne in heaven, symbolizing His authority and power.

2.The scroll
A significant object in this vision, the scroll is written on both sides and sealed with seven seals. It represents God's ultimate plan and purpose for the world, which is comprehensive and complete.

3.The right hand
The right hand is often symbolic of power and authority in biblical literature. The scroll being in God's right hand emphasizes His control over the unfolding of future events.

4.Seven seals
The number seven in biblical terms often signifies completeness or perfection. The seals indicate that the contents of the scroll are securely hidden and can only be revealed by someone with the authority to break them.

5.John the Apostle
The author of Revelation, who receives this vision while exiled on the island of Patmos. He serves as the witness to these heavenly events.God's Sovereignty and Authority
The image of God holding the scroll in His right hand underscores His ultimate authority over history and the future. Believers can find comfort in knowing that God is in control, even when the future seems uncertain.

The Mystery of God's Plan
The sealed scroll represents the mystery of God's plan for humanity and the world. While we may not understand all aspects of God's plan, we are called to trust in His wisdom and timing.

The Importance of Revelation
The scroll's contents are crucial for understanding God's purposes. This highlights the importance of seeking revelation through prayer, study, and the guidance of the Holy Spirit.

Completeness of God's Word
The writing on both sides of the scroll signifies the completeness and sufficiency of God's Word. Believers are encouraged to immerse themselves in Scripture to gain a fuller understanding of God's will.1.What is the meaning of Revelation 5:1?

2.What does the "scroll with writing on both sides" symbolize in Revelation 5:1?

3.How does Revelation 5:1 connect to God's sovereignty and ultimate plan for humanity?

4.Why is the scroll sealed with "seven seals," and what might they represent?

5.How can understanding Revelation 5:1 deepen our trust in God's divine plan?

6.What other scriptures highlight the significance of God's written word and plans?

7.What is the significance of the scroll in Revelation 5:1?

8.Why is the scroll sealed with seven seals in Revelation 5:1?

9.Who is worthy to open the scroll in Revelation 5:1?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Revelation 5?

11.What do the Seven Seals, Trumpets, and Bowls signify?

12.If the scroll in Revelation 5 is so central to end-time events, why is there no corresponding mention or artifact in other historical texts or archaeology?

13.(Leviticus 26:18) How does the repeated “sevenfold” punishment align with other biblical portrayals of God’s mercy and justice?

14.Who were the Branch Davidians?Then I saw

John is an eyewitness inside the heavenly throne room, continuing the vision that began inRevelation 4. His words carry the same trustworthy authority as the rest of Scripture (Revelation 1:11; 4:1–2). Like Ezekiel’s and Isaiah’s throne-room encounters (Ezekiel 1:1;Isaiah 6:1), what John “sees” is meant for the Church’s comfort and warning right now (2 Peter 1:19).

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A scroll

The scroll is a real, physical object, the ancient medium for recording decrees. In Scripture a scroll often represents God’s written revelation and sovereign plan (Ezekiel 2:9–10;Daniel 12:4). Everything God intends for history and eternity is contained here, ready to be enacted.

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In the right hand

The “right hand” is the place of absolute power and secure possession (Psalm 110:1;Isaiah 41:10). Nothing can snatch this scroll away. What follows is not random tragedy but the purposeful outworking of God’s will held firmly in His grasp (Revelation 1:16–17).

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Of the One seated on the throne

The throne scene centers on God the Father, already described inRevelation 4:2–3 as resplendent in glory. His throne has always symbolized universal reign (Psalm 47:8). By putting the scroll in His hand, John underscores that the coming judgments, rewards, and restoration originate with God Himself (James 1:17).

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It had writing on both sides

Double-sided writing signals fullness—there is no blank space left for additions or edits. Ezekiel experienced the same kind of scroll filled “on the front and back” (Ezekiel 2:10). God’s program for the end of the age is complete, comprehensive, and unalterable (Proverbs 19:21;Isaiah 46:9–10).

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And was sealed with seven seals

Seven—Scripture’s number of completion—tells us the scroll is perfectly secured. Seals in the ancient world protected, authenticated, and restricted a document until the authorized person arrived (Daniel 12:9;Isaiah 29:11). Revelation immediately introduces that authorized Person: “The Lion of the tribe of Judah…has prevailed to open the scroll” (Revelation 5:5). Each seal Jesus breaks will unleash a distinct phase of God’s end-time agenda (Revelation 6–8).

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summary

Revelation 5:1 shows us that the entire course of history is already written, perfectly safe in God’s sovereign hand. The scroll’s double-sided text underscores the completeness of His plan, while the seven seals highlight its inviolability until Christ initiates it. Far from chaos, the future unfolds exactly as the Father has decreed and the Son will execute.

(1)And I saw in the right hand. . .--Better,And I saw on (not "in;" the roll lay on the open palm of the hand)the right hand of Him that sitteth upon the throne a book written within and behind, fast sealed with seven seals. The book is, of course, in the form of a roll; it lies on the open hand of the Throned One; it was not His will that the book should be kept from any. It is written, not on the inside only, as was the usual way, but, like the roll of the book which Ezekiel saw (Ezekiel 2:9-10), it was written within and without. Some have thought that there are two divisions of predictions --those written within the roll, and those written on the outer side. This is merely fanciful; the passage in Ezekiel which supplies a guidance to the meaning might have shown the erroneousness of the thought. Clearly the "lamentation and mourning and woe" inscribed all over Ezekiel's roll indicate the filling up of sorrows: here the same overflowing writing indicates the completeness of the contents; there was no room for addition to that which was written therein. But what is meant by the book? Numberless interpretations have been offered: it is the Old Testament; it is the whole Bible; it is the title-deed of man's inheritance; it is the book containing the sentence of judgment on the foes of the faith; it is the Apocalypse; it is part of the Apocalypse; it is the book of God's purposes and providence. There is a truth underlying most of these interpretations, but most of them narrow the force of the vision. If we say it is the book which unfolds the principles of God's government--in a wide sense, the book of salvation (comp.Romans 16:25-26)-- the interpretation of life, which Christ alone can bestow (seeRevelation 5:3-6), we shall include, probably, the practical truths which underlie each of these interpretations; for all--Old Testament and New, man's heritage and destiny, God's purposes and providence-- are dark, till He who is the Light unfolds those truths which shed a light on all. Such a book becomes one "which contains and interprets human history," and claims the kingdoms of the earth for God. The aim of all literature has been said by a distinguished critic to be little more than the criticism of life; the book which Christ unfolds is the key to the true meaning of life. The roll is not the Apocalypse so much as the book of those truths which are exemplified in the Apocalypse, as in a vast chamber of imagery. The roll was fast sealed, so that even those who were wise and learned enough to read it had it been unrolled could not do so (SeeIsaiah 29:11.) There are things which are hidden from the wise and prudent, but revealed unto babes.

Verse 1. -And I saw. As inRevelation 4:1, this phrase introduces a new incident in the vision. That which had been witnessed remained, but a further development now takes place.Revelation 4. relates the revelation of the glory of the Triune God (see on Revelation 4:2) surrounded by his Church and creation. The glory of Jesus Christ, the Lamb, is now set forth, since he is the only One worthy to receive and declare to his Church the mystery contained in the sealed book.In the right hand;upon the right hand (ἐπί). That is, lying upon the hand, as it was extended in the act of offering the book to any one who should be able to open and read it.Of him that sat on the throne. The Triune God (see on Revelation 4:2).A book written within and on the back side. InEzekiel 2:9, 10 the "roll of a book" is "written within and without;" another of the numerous traces in the Revelation of the influence of the writings of this prophet upon the writer of the Apocalypse, though the picture of the Lamb, which follows in this chapter, imparts a new feature peculiar to St. John's vision. The roll was inscribed on both sides. Mention is made of such a roll by Pliny, JuVenal, Lucian, Martial, though Grotius connectsὄπισθεν, "on the back," withκατεσφραγισμένον, "sealed," thus rendering, "written within and sealed on the back." The fulness of the book, and the guard ofseven seals which are opened in succession, denote completeness of revelation (on the numberseven as denoting full completion, see on Revelation 1:4). This book contained the whole of "the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven" (Matthew 13:11). It is noteworthy that - so far as we can gather from the Revelation - the book is never read. The breaking of each seal is accompanied by its own peculiar phenomena, which appear to indicate the nature of the contents. And the opening of the seventh seal especially is attended by a compound series of events; but nowhere are we explicitly informed of the contents of the book. Alford well remarks, "Not its contents, but the gradual steps of access to it, are represented by these visions." This view seems to be held also by Schleiermacher. Dusterdieck considers that the roll is never read, though the incidents attending the opening of each seal portray a portion of the contents. Wordsworth and Elliott understand that, as each seal is broken, a part of the roll is unrolled and its contents rendered visible; and these contents are symbolically set forth by the events which then take place. According to this view, the whole is a prophecy extending to the end of the world. The popular idea is that the roll was sealed along the edge with seven seals, all visible at the same time. If, as each seal was broken, a portion of the roll could be unfolded, of course only one seal - the outermost - could be visible. This is not, however, inconsistent with St. John's assertion that there wereseven seals - a fact which he might state from his knowledge gained by witnessing the opening of the seven in succession. The truth seems to lie midway between these views. We must remember that the Revelation was vouchsafed to the Church as an encouragement to her members to persevere under much suffering and tribulation, and as a support to their faith, lest they should succumb to the temptation of despair, and, unable to fathom the eternal purposes of God, should doubt his truth or his ability to aid them. But we are nowhere led to believe that it was the intention of God to revealall things to man, even under the cloak of symbolism or allegory. There is much which must necessarily be withheld until after the end of all earthly things; and, just as no mortal can possibly know the "new name" (Revelation 3:12), so no one on earth can receive perfect knowledge of the "mysteries of the kingdom of heaven," which were symbolically contained in the book, and which, through the intervention of the Lamb, may one day be published; though a portion - sufficient for the time - was shadowed forth, at the opening of the seals; which portion, indeed, could never have been given to us except through the Lamb. We understand, therefore, that the book is symbolical of thewhole of the mysteries of God; that, as a whole, the contents of the book are not, nor indeed can be, revealed to us while on earth; but that some small but sufficient portion of these mysteries are made known to us by the power of Christ, who will eventually make all things clear hereafter, when we shall know even as we are known (1 Corinthians 13:12). The events attending the opening of the seals are therefore a prophecy of the relations of the Church and the world to the end of time. Many opinions have been held as to the antitype of the book. Victorinus thinks it to be the Old Testament, the meaning of which Christ was the first to unlock. And Bede and others consider that the writing within signified the New Testament, and that on the back, the Old. Todd and De Burgh think the roll denotes the office of our Lord, by virtue of which he will judge the world.Sealed with seven seals;sealed down with seven seals;close sealed (Revised Version). Grotius connectsὄπισθεν, "behind," withκατεσφραγισμένον, "sealed down," thus reading, "written within and sealed down on the back."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Then
Καὶ(Kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532:And, even, also, namely.

I saw
εἶδον(eidon)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular
Strong's 3708:Properly, to stare at, i.e. to discern clearly; by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear.

a scroll
βιβλίον(biblion)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 975:A papyrus roll. A diminutive of biblos; a roll.

in
ἐπὶ(epi)
Preposition
Strong's 1909:On, to, against, on the basis of, at.

the
τὴν(tēn)
Article - Accusative Feminine Singular
Strong's 3588:The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

right hand
δεξιὰν(dexian)
Adjective - Accusative Feminine Singular
Strong's 1188:On the right hand, right hand, right. From dechomai; the right side or hand.

of the [One]
τοῦ(tou)
Article - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588:The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

seated
καθημένου(kathēmenou)
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2521:To sit, be seated, enthroned; I dwell, reside. From kata; and hemai; to sit down; figuratively, to remain, reside.

on
ἐπὶ(epi)
Preposition
Strong's 1909:On, to, against, on the basis of, at.

the
τοῦ(tou)
Article - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588:The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

throne.
θρόνου(thronou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2362:From thrao; a stately seat; by implication, power or a potentate.

It had writing
γεγραμμένον(gegrammenon)
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 1125:A primary verb; to 'grave', especially to write; figuratively, to describe.

on both sides
ἔσωθεν(esōthen)
Adverb
Strong's 2081:From eso; from inside; also used as equivalent to eso.

[and was] sealed
κατεσφραγισμένον(katesphragismenon)
Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 2696:To seal up, secure with a seal. From kata and sphragizo; to seal closely.

with seven
ἑπτά(hepta)
Adjective - Dative Feminine Plural
Strong's 2033:Seven. A primary number; seven.

seals.
σφραγῖσιν(sphragisin)
Noun - Dative Feminine Plural
Strong's 4973:Probably strengthened from phrasso; a signet; by implication, the stamp impressed, literally or figuratively.


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NT Prophecy: Revelation 5:1 I saw in the right hand (Rev. Re Apocalypse)