A man of great anger must pay the penalty;This phrase highlights the consequences of uncontrolled anger. In biblical context, anger is often associated with folly and sin (
Proverbs 14:17,
James 1:20). The Hebrew culture viewed anger as a destructive force that could lead to severe consequences, both socially and spiritually. The penalty mentioned here can be understood as the natural repercussions of one's actions, which align with the principle of sowing and reaping found throughout Scripture (
Galatians 6:7-8). The Bible consistently warns against anger, urging believers to seek peace and self-control (
Ephesians 4:26-27,
Colossians 3:8).
if you rescue him,
This part of the verse suggests the futility of intervening in the life of someone who does not learn from their mistakes. The concept of rescue here implies an attempt to shield someone from the consequences of their actions. In the broader biblical narrative, God often allows individuals to face the results of their choices to teach them and bring about repentance (Hebrews 12:6-11). The idea is not to abandon those in need but to recognize when intervention may enable continued destructive behavior.
you will have to do so again.
This phrase underscores the cyclical nature of behavior when there is no change of heart. It reflects the biblical principle that true transformation comes from repentance and a renewed mind (Romans 12:2). Without a change in character, the same issues will recur, necessitating repeated rescues. This aligns with the wisdom literature's emphasis on learning from discipline and the importance of personal responsibility (Proverbs 26:11,2 Peter 2:22). The verse serves as a caution against enabling behavior that does not lead to growth or change.
Persons / Places / Events
1.
A Man of Great AngerThis refers to an individual who frequently loses their temper and acts impulsively due to their anger. The Hebrew word for "anger" here is (chemah), which can also mean wrath or fury, indicating a deep-seated and potentially destructive emotion.
2.
The RescuerThis is the person who attempts to intervene or save the angry individual from the consequences of their actions. The verse warns that such intervention may be futile if the root cause of the anger is not addressed.
3.
The PenaltyThis represents the natural consequences or punishment that results from uncontrolled anger. It implies a form of justice or correction that the angry person must face.
Teaching Points
The Consequences of AngerUncontrolled anger leads to repeated negative outcomes. It is crucial to recognize and address the root causes of anger to prevent ongoing consequences.
The Futility of EnablingConstantly rescuing someone from the consequences of their anger without addressing the underlying issue is ineffective. True help involves guiding them towards self-control and repentance.
The Importance of Self-ControlDeveloping self-control is essential for overcoming anger. This involves seeking God's help through prayer, scripture, and possibly counseling to manage emotions effectively.
The Role of AccountabilitySurrounding oneself with wise and godly counsel can help in managing anger. Accountability partners can provide support and guidance in moments of weakness.
The Call to Forgiveness and ReconciliationWhile anger must be addressed, believers are also called to forgive and seek reconciliation, reflecting Christ's love and grace in their relationships.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Proverbs 19:19?
2.How does Proverbs 19:19 warn against enabling destructive behavior in others?
3.What consequences are highlighted for rescuing someone with "great anger" repeatedly?
4.How can Proverbs 19:19 guide us in setting healthy boundaries?
5.Which other Proverbs emphasize the dangers of unchecked anger?
6.How can we apply Proverbs 19:19 to relationships in our church community?
7.What does Proverbs 19:19 teach about dealing with anger and its consequences?
8.How does Proverbs 19:19 relate to personal responsibility and accountability?
9.Why does Proverbs 19:19 emphasize the futility of rescuing a hot-tempered person?
10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Proverbs 19?
11.Proverbs 10:15 depicts wealth as a 'fortified city'--does this conflict with Jesus' warnings about riches in the New Testament?
12.Numbers 19:20: Does any extra-biblical source confirm the severity of the penalty for refusing purification, or is this an uncorroborated theological claim?
13.Proverbs 19:27 warns against ceasing instruction--how does this ancient wisdom reconcile with modern science and ongoing discoveries that challenge traditional beliefs?
14.What does 'Love Is Not Easily Angered' mean?What Does Proverbs 19:19 Mean
Recognizing a man of great anger“A man of great anger…” (Proverbs 19:19a)
• Scripture paints the hot-tempered person as someone whose wrath flares easily and repeatedly (seeProverbs 14:17; 29:22).
• Such anger is not a momentary lapse but a settled pattern—an attitude that governs the person’s relationships, decisions, and speech (James 1:19-20).
• God’s Word consistently treats this kind of fury as sinful, not merely a personality quirk, because it opposes the Spirit’s fruit of self-control (Galatians 5:22-24).
Must pay the penalty“…must pay the penalty…” (Proverbs 19:19b)
• Actions have consequences. Persistent anger damages marriages, friendships, workplaces, churches (Proverbs 15:18; 20:2).
• Penalties may be:
– Broken trust and isolation (Proverbs 18:19)
– Loss of opportunities or leadership (1 Timothy 3:2-3)
– God’s disciplinary hand allowing hardship to expose the sin (Hebrews 12:6-11).
• The verse affirms that these consequences are not accidental but divinely woven into the fabric of life—righteous reaping for unrighteous sowing (Galatians 6:7-8).
If you rescue him“…if you rescue him…” (Proverbs 19:19c)
• Friends and family often step in to shield the angry person from fallout—paying fines, smoothing relationships, excusing behavior.
• While compassion is biblical (Galatians 6:2), enabling is not. Stepping between sin and its natural result can block God’s corrective work (Proverbs 19:25;1 Corinthians 5:4-5).
• The verse warns that well-meaning “rescues” must not become perpetual bailouts.
You will have to do so again“…you will have to do so again.” (Proverbs 19:19d)
• Removing consequences without heart change invites repetition (Proverbs 26:11).
• True deliverance involves repentance and transformation by the Spirit (Ephesians 4:31-32;Colossians 3:8-10).
• Until the angry person faces the cost of his wrath and yields to Christ’s lordship, the cycle of explosion, rescue, and relapse continues.
summaryProverbs 19:19 teaches that chronic anger brings inevitable consequences ordained by God. Intervening to spare the hot-tempered individual from those consequences may feel loving, yet repeated rescues only perpetuate the sin. Real help allows the penalty to do its convicting work so that genuine repentance and Spirit-led change can break the cycle.
(19)
For if thou deliver him, yet thou must do it again.--As St. Paul says (
Galatians 6:5), "Every man shall bear his own burden." We cannot shield wrong-headed people from the consequences of their want of self-control, however much we may pity them for the suffering they have brought on themselves.
Verse 19. - Some connect this verse with the preceding, as though it signified, "If you are too severe in chastising your son, you will suffer for it." But there is no connecting particle in the Hebrew, and the statement seems to be of a general nature.
A man of great wrath; literally,
rough in anger; Vulgate,
impatiens; Septuagint,
κακόφρων ἀνήρ. Such a one
shall suffer punishment; shall bear the penalty which his want of self-control brings upon him.
For if thou deliver him, yet must thou do it again. You cannot save him from the consequences of his intemperance; you may do so once and again, but while his disposition is unchanged, all your efforts will be useless, and the help which you have given him will only make him think that he may continue to indulge his anger with impunity, or, it may be, he will vent his impatience on his deliverer.
Βλάπτει τὸν ἄνδρα θυμὸς εἰς ὀργὴν πεσών Anger, says an adage, "is like a ruin, which breaks itself upon what it falls." Septuagint, "If he destroy (ἐὰν δὲλοιμεύηται), he shall add even his life;" if by his anger he inflict loss or damage on his neighbour, he shall pay for it in his own person; Vulgate,Et cum rapuerit, aliud apponet. Another interpretation of the passage, but not so suitable, is this: "If thou seek to save the sufferer (e.g. by soothing the angry man), thou wilt only the more excite him (the wrathful): therefore do not intermeddle in quarrels of other persons."
Parallel Commentaries ...
Hebrew
A man of great angerגְּֽדָל־(gə·ḏāl-)Adjective - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1632:Harshmust payנֹ֣שֵׂא(nō·śê)Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5375:To lift, carry, takethe penalty;עֹ֑נֶשׁ(‘ō·neš)Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6066:An indemnity, fineifאִם־(’im-)Conjunction
Strong's 518:Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, notyou rescue [him],תַּ֝צִּ֗יל(taṣ·ṣîl)Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 5337:To strip, plunder, deliver oneself, be delivered, snatch away, deliveryou will have to do so again.תּוֹסִֽף׃(tō·w·sip̄)Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 3254:To add, augment
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OT Poetry: Proverbs 19:19 A hot-tempered man must pay the penalty (Prov. Pro Pr)