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Matthew 15:4-6
For God commanded, saying, Honour thy father and mother: and, He that curseth father or mother, let him die the death…

Leviticus 19:3
Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and keep my sabbaths: Iam the LORD your God.

Proverbs 30:17
The eyethat mocketh athis father, and despiseth to obeyhis mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it.

Thou.

Matthew 22:39
And the secondis like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

Leviticus 19:18
Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: Iam the LORD.

Luke 10:27
And he answering said, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind; and thy neighbour as thyself.

And love your neighbor as yourself.
This phrase is a direct reference toLeviticus 19:18 and is central to Jesus' teaching on the law. It encapsulates the ethical demands of the law, emphasizing love as the fulfillment of the law (Romans 13:9-10). In the cultural context of first-century Judaism, "neighbor" was often understood to mean fellow Israelites, but Jesus expands this definition in the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37), illustrating that love should extend beyond ethnic and religious boundaries. This commandment is foundational to Christian ethics, as it calls for selfless love and empathy, reflecting the character of Christ Himself. The principle of loving one's neighbor is also seen as a reflection of the love God shows to humanity, and it is a call to imitate that divine love in human relationships.

Jesus cites the fifth commandment (Exodus 20:12;Deuteronomy 5:16), reminding the rich young ruler that genuine righteousness begins at home. Scripture insists that honoring parents involves more than polite words:

• Respectful attitude—“Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right” (Ephesians 6:1-3).

• Willing obedience—Proverbs 23:22 urges, “Listen to your father who gave you life.”

• Material care—1 Timothy 5:4 calls adult children to “practice piety…by caring for their own family,” and Jesus condemns those who sidestep this duty through religious excuses (Mark 7:9-13).

By affirming this command, Jesus places reverence for parental authority on the same plane as other moral absolutes. If the young man’s wealth prevented him from honoring his parents with time, attention, or resources, the command exposed that flaw.

QuotingLeviticus 19:18, Jesus moves the focus outward. This call is expansive, summed up later by Paul: “Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfillment of the law” (Romans 13:10). Key dimensions include:

• Active goodwill—Galatians 5:14 notes that the entire law is “fulfilled in a single decree: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’”

• Practical mercy—1 John 3:17-18 challenges believers to meet tangible needs, echoing the Good Samaritan example (Luke 10:25-37).

• Equality of concern—“as yourself” sets the standard; the same desire for security, respect, and blessing you have for your life becomes the measure for how you treat others (Matthew 7:12).

InMatthew 19, Jesus uses this command to probe the ruler’s heart: would he value others enough to release his possessions for their benefit (Matthew 19:21)?

Matthew 19:19 shows that love for God cannot be detached from love expressed toward people. Honoring parents tests the sincerity of faith within the household; loving neighbors tests it in the wider world. Together these commands expose self-centeredness, direct believers toward self-emptying love, and affirm that obedience to Scripture’s plain words is central to following Christ.