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Bible >Luke >Chapter 21 > Verse 23
◄ Luke 21:23►
New International Version
How dreadful it will be in those days for pregnant women and nursing mothers! There will be great distress in the land and wrath against this people.

New Living Translation
How terrible it will be for pregnant women and for nursing mothers in those days. For there will be disaster in the land and great anger against this people.

English Standard Version
Alas for women who are pregnant and for those who are nursing infants in those days! For there will be great distress upon the earth and wrath against this people.

Berean Standard Bible
How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers! For there will be great distress upon the land and wrath against this people.

Berean Literal Bible
But woe to those having in womb, and to theones nursing in those days. For there will be great distress upon the land and wrath to this people.

King James Bible
But woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck, in those days! for there shall be great distress in the land, and wrath upon this people.

New King James Version
But woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing babies in those days! For there will be great distress in the land and wrath upon this people.

New American Standard Bible
Woe to those women who are pregnant, and to those who are nursing babies in those days; for there will be great distress upon the land, and wrath to this people;

NASB 1995
“Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing babies in those days; for there will be great distress upon the land and wrath to this people;

NASB 1977
“Woe to those who are with child and to those who nurse babes in those days; for there will be great distress upon the land, and wrath to this people,

Legacy Standard Bible
Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing babies in those days; for there will be great distress upon the land and wrath against this people,

Amplified Bible
Woe to those women who are pregnant and to those who are nursing babies in those days! For great troubleand anguish will be on the land, and wrathand retribution on this people [Israel].

Christian Standard Bible
Woe to pregnant women and nursing mothers in those days, for there will be great distress in the land and wrath against this people.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Woe to pregnant women and nursing mothers in those days, for there will be great distress in the land and wrath against this people.

American Standard Version
Woe unto them that are with child and to them that give suck in those days! for there shall be great distress upon the land, and wrath unto this people.

Contemporary English Version
It will be an awful time for women who are expecting babies or nursing young children! Everywhere in the land people will suffer horribly and be punished.

English Revised Version
Woe unto them that are with child and to them that give suck in those days! for there shall be great distress upon the land, and wrath unto this people.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"How horrible it will be for women who are pregnant or who are nursing babies in those days. Indeed, the land will suffer very hard times, and its people will be punished.

Good News Translation
How terrible it will be in those days for women who are pregnant and for mothers with little babies! Terrible distress will come upon this land, and God's punishment will fall on this people.

International Standard Version
"How terrible it will be for those women who are pregnant or who are nursing babies in those days!—because there will be great distress in the land and wrath against this people.

NET Bible
Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing their babies in those days! For there will be great distress on the earth and wrath against this people.

New Heart English Bible
Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who nurse infants in those days. For there will be great distress in the land, and wrath to this people.

Webster's Bible Translation
But woe to them that are with child, and to them that nurse infants in those days! for there shall be great distress in the land, and wrath upon this people.

Weymouth New Testament
"Alas for the women who at that time are with child or who have infants; for there will be great distress in the land, and anger towards this People.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers! For there will be great distress upon the land and wrath against this people.

World English Bible
Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who nurse infants in those days! For there will be great distress in the land and wrath to this people.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And woe to those with child, and to those giving suck, in those days; for there will be great distress on the land, and wrath on this people;

Berean Literal Bible
But woe to those having in womb, and to theones nursing in those days. For there will be great distress upon the land and wrath to this people.

Young's Literal Translation
'And woe to those with child, and to those giving suck, in those days; for there shall be great distress on the land, and wrath on this people;

Smith's Literal Translation
And woe to them having in the womb, and to them giving suck, in those days! for there shall be great necessity upon the land, and anger upon this people.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
But woe to them that are with child, and give suck in those days; for there shall be great distress in the land, and wrath upon this people.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Then woe to those who are pregnant or nursing in those days. For there will be great distress upon the land and great wrath upon this people.

New American Bible
Woe to pregnant women and nursing mothers in those days, for a terrible calamity will come upon the earth and a wrathful judgment upon this people.

New Revised Standard Version
Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing infants in those days! For there will be great distress on the earth and wrath against this people;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
But woe to those who are with child, and to those who give suck in those days! For there will be great distress in the land, and wrath to this people.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
But woe to those who are pregnant and those who nurse in those days, for there shall be great suffering in the land and wrath upon this people.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
But alas for them that are with child, and for them that give suck in those days! for there shall be great distress upon the land, and wrath upon this people.

Godbey New Testament
But alas to those in gestation and nursing in those days! For there shall be great distress upon the earth, and wrath to this people.

Haweis New Testament
But wo to those who are big with child, and have infants at their breasts, in those days! for there shall be great distress on the earth, and wrath upon this people.

Mace New Testament
wo to them that are with child, or to them that give suck in those days: for this will be a region of great distress, and wrath will pour down upon this people.

Weymouth New Testament
"Alas for the women who at that time are with child or who have infants; for there will be great distress in the land, and anger towards this People.

Worrell New Testament
Woe to the women with child, and to those giving suck, in those days; for there will be great distress on the land, and wrath to this people.

Worsley New Testament
But wo to them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days; for there shall be great distress in the land, and wrath upon this people,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Destruction of Jerusalem
…22For these are the days of vengeance, to fulfill all that is written.23How miserablethosedays will befor pregnantandnursing mothers!Forthere will begreatdistressuponthelandandwrathagainstthispeople.24They will fall by the edge of the sword and be led captive into all the nations. And Jerusalem will be trodden down by the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.…

Cross References
Matthew 24:19
How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers!

Mark 13:17
How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers!

Matthew 24:21
For at that time there will be great tribulation, unseen from the beginning of the world until now, and never to be seen again.

Mark 13:19
For those will be days of tribulation unseen from the beginning of God’s creation until now, and never to be seen again.

Matthew 24:15-16
So when you see standing in the holy place ‘the abomination of desolation,’ spoken of by the prophet Daniel (let the reader understand), / then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.

Mark 13:14
So when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it should not be (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.

Daniel 9:26-27
Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and will have nothing. Then the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. The end will come like a flood, and until the end there will be war; desolations have been decreed. / And he will confirm a covenant with many for one week, but in the middle of the week he will put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing of the temple will come the abomination that causes desolation, until the decreed destruction is poured out upon him.”

Daniel 12:1
“At that time Michael, the great prince who stands watch over your people, will rise up. There will be a time of distress, the likes of which will not have occurred from the beginning of nations until that time. But at that time your people—everyone whose name is found written in the book—will be delivered.

Zechariah 14:1-2
Behold, a day of the LORD is coming when your plunder will be divided in your presence. / For I will gather all the nations for battle against Jerusalem, and the city will be captured, the houses looted, and the women ravished. Half of the city will go into exile, but the rest of the people will not be removed from the city.

Jeremiah 30:6-7
Ask now, and see: Can a male give birth? Why then do I see every man with his hands on his stomach like a woman in labor and every face turned pale? / How awful that day will be! None will be like it! It is the time of Jacob’s distress, but he will be saved out of it.

Hosea 13:16
Samaria will bear her guilt because she has rebelled against her God. They will fall by the sword; their little ones will be dashed to pieces, and their pregnant women ripped open.

Lamentations 4:10
The hands of compassionate women have cooked their own children, who became their food in the destruction of the daughter of my people.

1 Thessalonians 5:3
While people are saying, “Peace and security,” destruction will come upon them suddenly, like labor pains on a pregnant woman, and they will not escape.

Revelation 12:12
Therefore rejoice, O heavens, and you who dwell in them! But woe to the earth and the sea; with great fury the devil has come down to you, knowing he has only a short time.”

Revelation 8:13
And as I observed, I heard an eagle flying overhead, calling in a loud voice, “Woe! Woe! Woe to those who dwell on the earth, because of the trumpet blasts about to be sounded by the remaining three angels!”


Treasury of Scripture

But woe to them that are with child, and to them that give suck, in those days! for there shall be great distress in the land, and wrath on this people.

woe.

Luke 23:29
For, behold, the days are coming, in the which they shall say, Blessedare the barren, and the wombs that never bare, and the paps which never gave suck.

Deuteronomy 28:56,57
The tender and delicate woman among you, which would not adventure to set the sole of her foot upon the ground for delicateness and tenderness, her eye shall be evil toward the husband of her bosom, and toward her son, and toward her daughter, …

Lamentations 4:10
The hands of the pitiful women have sodden their own children: they were their meat in the destruction of the daughter of my people.

great.

Luke 19:27,43
But those mine enemies, which would not that I should reign over them, bring hither, and slaythem before me…

Matthew 21:41,44
They say unto him, He will miserably destroy those wicked men, and will let outhis vineyard unto other husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their seasons…

1 Thessalonians 2:16
Forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles that they might be saved, to fill up their sins alway: for the wrath is come upon them to the uttermost.

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Luke 21
1.Jesus commends the poor widow.
5.He foretells the destruction of the temple, and of the city Jerusalem;
25.the signs also which shall be before the last day.
34.He exhorts them to be watchful.














How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers!
This phrase highlights the intense suffering and vulnerability of those who are pregnant or nursing during times of crisis. In the context of the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD, such individuals would have faced extreme hardship due to the siege and subsequent famine. The phrase underscores the severity of the situation, as pregnant and nursing mothers would struggle to find food and safety for themselves and their children. This reflects the broader biblical theme of compassion for the vulnerable, as seen in passages likeIsaiah 40:11, where God is depicted as a shepherd caring for his flock, including nursing ewes.

For there will be great distress upon the land
The "land" refers to the region of Judea, particularly Jerusalem, which faced devastation during the Roman siege. This distress is not only physical but also spiritual, as the Jewish people faced the consequences of rejecting Jesus as the Messiah. The phrase echoes Old Testament prophecies of judgment, such as inJeremiah 30:7, which speaks of a time of trouble for Jacob. The distress is a fulfillment of Jesus' earlier warnings inLuke 19:43-44, where He foretold the encirclement and destruction of Jerusalem.

and wrath against this people.
The "wrath" signifies divine judgment upon the Jewish nation for their unbelief and rejection of Christ. This concept of divine wrath is consistent with the Old Testament, where God's judgment often comes upon His people for their disobedience, as seen in passages likeDeuteronomy 28:15-68. The phrase also connects to the broader biblical narrative of God's justice and mercy, where judgment serves as a call to repentance and a reminder of the need for salvation through Christ. This wrath is not arbitrary but is a response to the covenantal unfaithfulness of the people, as outlined in the prophetic literature.

Persons / Places / Events
1.Pregnant and Nursing Mothers
This group is highlighted to emphasize vulnerability and the severity of the coming distress. In the context of ancient society, these women would have been particularly at risk during times of upheaval.

2.The Land
Refers to the region of Judea, which is the focal point of the prophecy. This is the geographical area where the predicted events will unfold.

3.This People
Refers to the Jewish people, who are the primary audience of Jesus' prophecy. The phrase indicates a specific group that will experience the foretold wrath.

4.Great Distress
This term describes the intense suffering and turmoil that will occur. It is a period of significant tribulation and hardship.

5.Wrath
Represents divine judgment and anger. In the context of this passage, it signifies God's response to the people's actions and the unfolding of prophetic events.
Teaching Points
Understanding Prophetic Warnings
Recognize the importance of Jesus' warnings about future events. These are not just historical predictions but serve as spiritual lessons for preparedness and faithfulness.

Compassion for the Vulnerable
The mention of pregnant and nursing mothers highlights the need for compassion and support for those who are most vulnerable during times of crisis.

The Reality of Divine Judgment
Acknowledge the reality of God's judgment as a response to sin and rebellion. This should lead to a sober reflection on our own lives and communities.

Urgency of Repentance
The impending distress calls for immediate repentance and turning back to God. It is a reminder that the time to seek God's mercy is now.

Hope Amidst Tribulation
While the passage speaks of distress, it also points to the hope of redemption and deliverance for those who remain faithful.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Luke 21:23?

2.How does Luke 21:23 warn us about the consequences of rejecting God's guidance?

3.What can we learn about God's justice from Luke 21:23?

4.How does Luke 21:23 connect to Old Testament prophecies about judgment?

5.How should Luke 21:23 influence our prayer life for expectant mothers?

6.What actions can we take to support those affected by crises, per Luke 21:23?

7.How does Luke 21:23 relate to the concept of divine justice and mercy?

8.What historical events might Luke 21:23 be referencing?

9.How should Christians interpret the "great distress" mentioned in Luke 21:23?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Luke 21?

11.What is the Tribulation?

12.Psalm 69:22-28 calls down curses on enemies--how does this fit with other biblical teachings on mercy and forgiveness (e.g., Matthew 5:44)?

13.In Luke 21:20-24, was Jesus prophesying the destruction of Jerusalem before it happened, or was this written after the fact?

14.What does the Bible say about the end times?
What Does Luke 21:23 Mean
How miserable those days will be

Jesus is speaking during the Olivet Discourse, looking ahead to a specific season of judgment. He foresees the Roman siege of A.D. 70 as a literal, historical calamity (Luke 21:20;Luke 19:41-44), yet His words also stretch toward the final tribulation immediately preceding His return (Matthew 24:21;Daniel 12:1).

• “Those days” are marked by unparalleled suffering—a fulfillment of covenant warnings such asDeuteronomy 28:49-57.

• The sorrow is not merely social or political; it is divinely decreed justice, underscoring God’s faithfulness to both promise and warning.

Pregnant and nursing mothers

“Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing babies in those days!” (BSB; see alsoMatthew 24:19;Mark 13:17).

• Pregnancy and infancy magnify every hardship—escape is harder, food scarcer, fatigue greater.

• Siege conditions historically included famine so severe that mothers struggled even to keep newborns alive (2 Kings 25:3;Lamentations 2:11-12).

• Christ’s lament shows His compassion; He is “gentle and humble in heart” (Matthew 11:29) even while announcing judgment.

• The sanctity of life in the womb and at the breast is affirmed by His special mention (Psalm 139:13-16;Isaiah 49:15).

Great distress upon the land

The “land” is Judea, with Jerusalem at its center. When Titus encircled the city in A.D. 70, Josephus records starvation, violence, and over a million deaths—precisely the “great distress” Jesus predicted (Luke 21:21-24).

• Previous sieges (2 Kings 25;Jeremiah 19:9) prefigure this ultimate one, showing Scripture’s consistent pattern of discipline for covenant unfaithfulness.

• Yet the phrase also parallelsRevelation 6-16, indicating a future, worldwide escalation of the same kind of distress.

• God’s warnings are gracious invitations to repentance before judgment falls (2 Peter 3:9).

Wrath against this people

Wrath is not random; it is God’s measured response to persistent rejection of His Son (John 1:11;Luke 13:34-35).

• Jesus had wept over Jerusalem, foretelling that “not one stone will be left on another” (Luke 19:44).

• Paul explains that a partial hardening has come “until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in” (Romans 11:25-27), showing wrath and mercy intertwined in God’s redemptive plan.

• Even in wrath, promises remain: national Israel will yet recognize her Messiah (Zechariah 12:10), proving the steadfastness of God’s covenant love.

summary

Luke 21:23 records Christ’s heartfelt lament over a literal judgment that would soon devastate Jerusalem and yet foreshadows a greater tribulation still ahead. The verse highlights:

• the unparalleled misery of those judgment days,

• the heightened vulnerability of mothers and infants,

• the severe distress destined for the land of Judea, and

• the righteous wrath of God against unrepentant rejection of His Son.

Together these truths call believers to trust the accuracy of Scripture, heed divine warnings, and rest in the compassionate justice of our Lord.

(23)Great distress in the land.--Literally,great need, ornecessity. The word, which St. Luke uses as an equivalent for "tribulation," is not found in the other Gospels in this sense. It is, however, so used by St. Paul (1Corinthians 7:26;2Corinthians 6:4;2Corinthians 12:10;1Thessalonians 3:7).



Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
How miserable
Οὐαὶ(Ouai)
Interjection
Strong's 3759:Woe!, alas!, uttered in grief or denunciation. A primary exclamation of grief; 'woe'.

those
ἐκείναις(ekeinais)
Demonstrative Pronoun - Dative Feminine Plural
Strong's 1565:That, that one there, yonder. From ekei; that one (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed.

days [will be]
ἡμέραις(hēmerais)
Noun - Dative Feminine Plural
Strong's 2250:A day, the period from sunrise to sunset.

[for] pregnant
ἐχούσαις(echousais)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Dative Feminine Plural
Strong's 2192:To have, hold, possess. Including an alternate form scheo skheh'-o; a primary verb; to hold.

and
καὶ(kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532:And, even, also, namely.

nursing [mothers].
θηλαζούσαις(thēlazousais)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Dative Feminine Plural
Strong's 2337:(a) I give suck, (b) I suck. From thele; to suckle, to suck.

For
γὰρ(gar)
Conjunction
Strong's 1063:For. A primary particle; properly, assigning a reason.

there will be
ἔσται(estai)
Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1510:I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

great
μεγάλη(megalē)
Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 3173:Large, great, in the widest sense.

distress
ἀνάγκη(anankē)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 318:From ana and the base of agkale; constraint; by implication, distress.

upon
ἐπὶ(epi)
Preposition
Strong's 1909:On, to, against, on the basis of, at.

the
τῆς(tēs)
Article - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 3588:The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

land
γῆς(gēs)
Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 1093:Contracted from a primary word; soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe.

and
καὶ(kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532:And, even, also, namely.

wrath
ὀργὴ(orgē)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 3709:From oregomai; properly, desire, i.e., violent passion (justifiable) abhorrence); by implication punishment.

against
τῷ(tō)
Article - Dative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588:The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

this
τούτῳ(toutō)
Demonstrative Pronoun - Dative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3778:This; he, she, it.

people.
λαῷ(laō)
Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2992:Apparently a primary word; a people.


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NT Gospels: Luke 21:23 Woe to those who are pregnant (Luke Lu Lk)
Luke 21:22
Luke 21:24
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