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◄ Leviticus 26:17►
New International Version
I will set my face against you so that you will be defeated by your enemies; those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee even when no one is pursuing you.

New Living Translation
I will turn against you, and you will be defeated by your enemies. Those who hate you will rule over you, and you will run even when no one is chasing you!

English Standard Version
I will set my face against you, and you shall be struck down before your enemies. Those who hate you shall rule over you, and you shall flee when none pursues you.

Berean Standard Bible
And I will set My face against you, so that you will be defeated by your enemies. Those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee when no one pursues you.

King James Bible
And I will set my face against you, and ye shall be slain before your enemies: they that hate you shall reign over you; and ye shall flee when none pursueth you.

New King James Version
I will set My face against you, and you shall be defeated by your enemies. Those who hate you shall reign over you, and you shall flee when no one pursues you.

New American Standard Bible
And I will set My face against you so that you will be defeated before your enemies; and those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee when no one is pursuing you.

NASB 1995
‘I will set My face against you so that you will be struck down before your enemies; and those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee when no one is pursuing you.

NASB 1977
‘And I will set My face against you so that you shall be struck down before your enemies; and those who hate you shall rule over you, and you shall flee when no one is pursuing you.

Legacy Standard Bible
And I will set My face against you so that you will be defeated before your enemies; and those who hate you will have dominion over you, and you will flee when no one is pursuing you.

Amplified Bible
I will set My face against you so that you will be struck down before your enemies; those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee when no one is pursuing you.

Christian Standard Bible
I will turn against you, so that you will be defeated by your enemies. Those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee even though no one is pursuing you.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
I will turn against you, so that you will be defeated by your enemies. Those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee even though no one is pursuing you.”

American Standard Version
And I will set my face against you, and ye shall be smitten before your enemies: they that hate you shall rule over you; and ye shall flee when none pursueth you.

Contemporary English Version
and I will turn from you and let you be destroyed by your attackers. You will even run at the very rumor of attack.

English Revised Version
And I will set my face against you, and ye shall be smitten before your enemies: they that hate you shall rule over you; and ye shall flee when none pursueth you.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
I will condemn you so that you will go down in defeat in front of your enemies. Those who hate you will be your rulers. You will run away even when no one is chasing you.

Good News Translation
I will turn against you, so that you will be defeated, and those who hate you will rule over you; you will be so terrified that you will run when no one is chasing you.

International Standard Version
I'll set my face against you so that you'll be defeated before your enemies. Those who hate you will have dominion over you and you'll keep fleeing even when no one is pursuing you.

NET Bible
I will set my face against you. You will be struck down before your enemies, those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee when there is no one pursuing you.

New Heart English Bible
I will set my face against you, and you will be struck before your enemies. Those who hate you will rule over you; and you will flee when no one pursues you.

Webster's Bible Translation
And I will set my face against you, and ye shall be slain before your enemies: they that hate you shall reign over you, and ye shall flee when none pursueth you.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
And I will set My face against you, so that you will be defeated by your enemies. Those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee when no one pursues you.

World English Bible
I will set my face against you, and you will be struck before your enemies. Those who hate you will rule over you; and you will flee when no one pursues you.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and I have set My face against you, and you have been struck before your enemies; and those hating you have ruled over you, and you have fled when there is none pursuing you.

Young's Literal Translation
and I have set My face against you, and ye have been smitten before your enemies; and those hating you have ruled over you, and ye have fled, and there is none pursuing you.

Smith's Literal Translation
And I gave my face against you, and ye were slain before your enemies: and they hating you ruled over you, and ye fled and none pursued you.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
I will set my face against you, and you shall fall down before your enemies, and shall be made subject to them that hate you, you shall flee when no man pursueth you.

Catholic Public Domain Version
I will set my face against you, and you will fall down before your enemies, and you will be subjugated to those who hate you. You will flee, though no one pursues.

New American Bible
I will turn against you, and you will be beaten down before your enemies and your foes will lord it over you. You will flee though no one pursues you.

New Revised Standard Version
I will set my face against you, and you shall be struck down by your enemies; your foes shall rule over you, and you shall flee though no one pursues you.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And I will pour out my anger against you, and you shall be defeated before your enemies; they that hate you shall reign over you; and you shall flee when none pursue you.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And I shall put my wrath in you and you shall be broken before your enemies and your haters shall rule over you and you shall escape and you shall flee when there is none who chases you.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And I will set My face against you, and ye shall be smitten before your enemies; they that hate you shall rule over you; and ye shall flee when none pursueth you.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And I will set my face against you, and ye shall fall before your enemies, and they that hate you shall pursue you; and ye shall flee, no one pursuing you.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Punishments for Disobedience
…16then this is what I will do to you: I will bring upon you sudden terror, wasting disease, and fever that will destroy your sight and drain your life. You will sow your seed in vain, because your enemies will eat it.17And I will setMy faceagainst you,so that you will be defeatedbyyour enemies.Those who hate youwill ruleover you,and you will fleewhen no onepursuesyou.18And if after all this you will not obey Me, I will proceed to punish you sevenfold for your sins.…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 28:25
The LORD will cause you to be defeated before your enemies. You will march out against them in one direction but flee from them in seven. You will be an object of horror to all the kingdoms of the earth.

Deuteronomy 32:30
How could one man pursue a thousand, or two put ten thousand to flight, unless their Rock had sold them, unless the LORD had given them up?

Judges 2:14
Then the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He delivered them into the hands of those who plundered them. He sold them into the hands of their enemies all around, whom they were no longer able to resist.

Judges 2:15
Wherever Israel marched out, the hand of the LORD was against them to bring calamity, just as He had sworn to them. So they were greatly distressed.

2 Kings 17:20
So the LORD rejected all the descendants of Israel. He afflicted them and delivered them into the hands of plunderers, until He had banished them from His presence.

2 Chronicles 24:20
Then the Spirit of God came upon Zechariah son of Jehoiada the priest, who stood up before the people and said to them, “This is what God says: ‘Why do you transgress the commandments of the LORD so that you cannot prosper? Because you have forsaken the LORD, He has forsaken you.’”

Isaiah 63:10
But they rebelled and grieved His Holy Spirit. So He turned and became their enemy, and He Himself fought against them.

Jeremiah 19:7
And in this place I will ruin the plans of Judah and Jerusalem. I will make them fall by the sword before their enemies, by the hands of those who seek their lives, and I will give their carcasses as food to the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth.

Jeremiah 21:4-5
this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘I will turn against you the weapons of war in your hands, with which you are fighting the king of Babylon and the Chaldeans who besiege you outside the wall, and I will assemble their forces in the center of this city. / And I Myself will fight against you with an outstretched hand and a mighty arm, with anger, fury, and great wrath.

Jeremiah 44:11
Therefore this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: I will set My face to bring disaster and to cut off all Judah.

Lamentations 2:5
The Lord is like an enemy; He has swallowed up Israel. He has swallowed up all her palaces and destroyed her strongholds. He has multiplied mourning and lamentation for the Daughter of Judah.

Ezekiel 5:8
Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Behold, I Myself am against you, Jerusalem, and I will execute judgments among you in the sight of the nations.

Ezekiel 14:8
I will set My face against that man and make him a sign and a proverb; I will cut him off from among My people. Then you will know that I am the LORD.

Ezekiel 15:7
And I will set My face against them. Though they may have escaped the fire, yet another fire will consume them. And when I set My face against them, you will know that I am the LORD.

Luke 21:24
They will fall by the edge of the sword and be led captive into all the nations. And Jerusalem will be trodden down by the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.


Treasury of Scripture

And I will set my face against you, and you shall be slain before your enemies: they that hate you shall reign over you; and you shall flee when none pursues you.

set

Leviticus 17:10
And whatsoever manthere be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers that sojourn among you, that eateth any manner of blood; I will even set my face against that soul that eateth blood, and will cut him off from among his people.

Leviticus 20:5,6
Then I will set my face against that man, and against his family, and will cut him off, and all that go a whoring after him, to commit whoredom with Molech, from among their people…

Psalm 68:1,2
To the chief Musician, A Psalmor Song of David. Let God arise, let his enemies be scattered: let them also that hate him flee before him…

ye shall be

Deuteronomy 28:25
The LORD shall cause thee to be smitten before thine enemies: thou shalt go out one way against them, and flee seven ways before them: and shalt be removed into all the kingdoms of the earth.

Judges 2:14
And the anger of the LORD was hot against Israel, and he delivered them into the hands of spoilers that spoiled them, and he sold them into the hands of their enemies round about, so that they could not any longer stand before their enemies.

1 Samuel 4:10
And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man into his tent: and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen.

shall flee

Leviticus 26:36
And upon them that are leftalive of you I will send a faintness into their hearts in the lands of their enemies; and the sound of a shaken leaf shall chase them; and they shall flee, as fleeing from a sword; and they shall fall when none pursueth.

Psalm 53:5
There were they in great fear,where no fear was: for God hath scattered the bones of him that encampethagainst thee: thou hast putthem to shame, because God hath despised them.

Proverbs 28:1
The wicked flee when no man pursueth: but the righteous are bold as a lion.

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Leviticus 26
1.Of idolatry
2.Reverence
3.A blessing to those who keep the commandments
14.A curse to those who break them
40.God promises to remember those who repent














And I will set My face against you
This phrase indicates a deliberate and active opposition from God. In biblical terms, God's "face" represents His presence and favor. When God sets His face against someone, it signifies His disfavor and judgment. This concept is echoed in other scriptures, such as inJeremiah 21:10, where God sets His face against Jerusalem for harm. The idea of God turning His face away is also seen in the Aaronic blessing inNumbers 6:24-26, where the opposite is desired—God's face shining upon His people, indicating blessing and peace.

so that you will be defeated by your enemies
This consequence is a direct result of God's disfavor. In the historical context of Israel, military defeat was often seen as a sign of divine displeasure. The Israelites' victories and defeats were closely tied to their covenant relationship with God. When they were obedient, God promised to fight for them, as seen inDeuteronomy 28:7. Conversely, disobedience led to defeat, as illustrated in the battles during the period of the Judges, where Israel repeatedly fell into the hands of their enemies due to their unfaithfulness.

Those who hate you will rule over you
This phrase highlights the reversal of the intended order where Israel, as God's chosen people, was meant to be the head and not the tail (Deuteronomy 28:13). The rule of enemies over Israel is a recurring theme in the Old Testament, particularly during the times of the Judges and the Babylonian exile. This domination by enemies serves as a tangible expression of the curses for disobedience outlined in the covenant. It also foreshadows the ultimate need for a deliverer, pointing to the messianic hope fulfilled in Jesus Christ, who brings ultimate liberation from spiritual bondage.

and you will flee when no one pursues you
This phrase describes a state of fear and paranoia resulting from a guilty conscience and the absence of God's peace. It reflects the psychological and spiritual turmoil that accompanies disobedience. The imagery of fleeing without a pursuer is also found inProverbs 28:1, where the wicked flee though no one pursues, contrasting with the boldness of the righteous. This condition underscores the internal consequences of sin, where fear replaces the security that comes from trusting in God. It serves as a reminder of the peace and assurance available through faithfulness to God's covenant.

Persons / Places / Events
1.God
The speaker in this verse, expressing His response to Israel's disobedience.

2.Israelites
The recipients of God's covenant and the ones being warned of the consequences of disobedience.

3.Enemies
Those who will defeat and rule over the Israelites as a result of their disobedience.

4.Covenant at Sinai
The broader context of Leviticus, where God establishes His covenant with Israel, including blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience.

5.Promised Land
The land given to the Israelites, where these blessings and curses would manifest based on their faithfulness.
Teaching Points
The Seriousness of Disobedience
God's warning inLeviticus 26:17 underscores the seriousness of turning away from His commands. Disobedience leads to tangible consequences, including defeat and oppression.

God's Sovereignty and Justice
This verse highlights God's sovereign control over nations and His just nature. He allows consequences to unfold as a means of correction and to uphold His covenant.

The Importance of Repentance
While the verse speaks of judgment, it also implicitly calls for repentance. The broader biblical account shows that turning back to God can restore His favor.

Spiritual Warfare and Vigilance
The idea of fleeing when no one pursues can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual unrest and fear that comes from being out of alignment with God. Staying vigilant in faith can prevent unnecessary fear and anxiety.

Community and Leadership
The verse serves as a reminder of the impact of collective disobedience. Leaders and communities must strive to uphold God's standards to avoid communal consequences.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Leviticus 26:17?

2.How does Leviticus 26:17 illustrate consequences of disobedience to God's commands?

3.What does "I will set My face against you" signify about God's judgment?

4.How can we avoid the fate described in Leviticus 26:17 in our lives?

5.What New Testament teachings align with the warnings in Leviticus 26:17?

6.How can we ensure God's favor rather than opposition in our daily actions?

7.Why does Leviticus 26:17 emphasize God's role in allowing enemies to defeat His people?

8.How does Leviticus 26:17 reflect the consequences of disobedience to God's commandments?

9.What historical events might Leviticus 26:17 be referencing regarding Israel's enemies?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Leviticus 26?

11.What is the Bible's stance on faith-based violence?

12.How could a small Aramean force defeat Judah’s army (2 Chronicles 24:24) if military records and common sense suggest larger forces usually prevail?

13.Where is the historical or archaeological evidence for the specific persecutions mentioned in Psalm 17:9-12?

14.(Leviticus 26:44) Does God's promise never to fully reject Israel conflict with other passages about divine judgment and exile?
What Does Leviticus 26:17 Mean
And I will set My face against you

• God’s “face” represents His favor and presence. Turning His face away signals intentional opposition (Psalm 34:16;Jeremiah 21:10).

• ThroughoutLeviticus 26, blessing hinges on obedience; here the covenant curse begins when the people persist in rebellion (Leviticus 26:14–16).

• When God resists, every endeavor loses His protection (Numbers 14:42-43;Isaiah 59:2).

so that you will be defeated by your enemies

• Defeat is not random; it flows directly from divine opposition (Deuteronomy 28:25;Joshua 7:12).

• Israel’s history illustrates this pattern—Ai after Achan’s sin, or the early losses in Judges when idolatry crept in (Judges 2:14).

• Victory depends on the Lord’s presence (1 Samuel 17:45-47); remove that covering and even a superior army collapses.

Those who hate you will rule over you

• Foreign domination is a covenant warning (Deuteronomy 28:48;Nehemiah 9:27).

• Enemies “who hate you” indicates rulers with no covenant compassion—oppression becomes severe (Judges 3:8-14;Ezekiel 21:31).

• The lesson: earthly freedom is tied to spiritual submission; rejecting God invites harsh masters.

and you will flee when no one pursues you

• Panic without cause springs from a guilty conscience and God-given dread (Leviticus 26:36;Proverbs 28:1).

• Psychological collapse follows moral collapse—fear replaces courage once God’s peace withdraws (Psalm 53:5;Isaiah 30:17).

• This terror magnifies the internal cost of sin, showing that judgment reaches heart and mind, not merely battlefield outcomes.

summary

Leviticus 26:17 warns that persistent disobedience turns God from protector to opponent. His withdrawn favor yields military defeat, oppressive rule, and crippling fear. The verse underscores a clear covenant principle: life flourishes under God’s face and unravels when we turn from Him.

(17)And I will set my face against you.--That is, make them feel his anger. (See Note onLeviticus 17:10.)

Be slain before your enemies.--Better,be smitten before your enemies,as this phrase is rendered in the Authorised Version (Numbers 14:42;Deuteronomy 1:42;Deuteronomy 28:25).

Shall reign over you.--Better,shall rule over you,as the Authorised Version renders it inIsaiah 14:2;Ezekiel 29:15;Ezekiel 34:4, &c. . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And I will set
וְנָתַתִּ֤י(wə·nā·ṯat·tî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 5414:To give, put, set

My face
פָנַי֙(p̄ā·nay)
Noun - masculine plural construct | first person common singular
Strong's 6440:The face

against you,
בָּכֶ֔ם(bā·ḵem)
Preposition | second person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew

so that you will be defeated
וְנִגַּפְתֶּ֖ם(wə·nig·gap̄·tem)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 5062:To push, gore, defeat, stub, inflict

by
לִפְנֵ֣י(lip̄·nê)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct
Strong's 6440:The face

your enemies.
אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם(’ō·yə·ḇê·ḵem)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural
Strong's 341:Hating, an adversary

Those who hate you
שֹֽׂנְאֵיכֶ֔ם(śō·nə·’ê·ḵem)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | second person masculine plural
Strong's 8130:To hate

will rule
וְרָד֤וּ(wə·rā·ḏū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 7287:To tread down, subjugate, to crumble off

over you,
בָכֶם֙(ḇā·ḵem)
Preposition | second person masculine plural
Strong's Hebrew

and you will flee
וְנַסְתֶּ֖ם(wə·nas·tem)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 5127:To flit, vanish away

when no one
וְאֵין־(wə·’ên-)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb
Strong's 369:A non-entity, a negative particle

pursues
רֹדֵ֥ף(rō·ḏêp̄)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 7291:To pursue, chase, persecute

you.
אֶתְכֶֽם׃(’eṯ·ḵem)
Direct object marker | second person masculine plural
Strong's 853:Untranslatable mark of the accusative case


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OT Law: Leviticus 26:17 I will set my face against you (Le Lv Lev.)
Leviticus 26:16
Leviticus 26:18
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