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Restrictions for Priests
…9“You and your sons are not to drink wine or strong drink when you enter the Tent of Meeting, or else you will die; this is a permanent statute for the generations to come.10You must distinguishbetweenthe holyand the common,betweenthe cleanand the unclean,11so that you may teach the Israelites all the statutes that the LORD has given them through Moses.”…

Treasury of Scripture

And that you may put difference between holy and unholy, and between unclean and clean;

Deuteronomy 24:8
Take heed in the plague of leprosy, that thou observe diligently, and do according to all that the priests the Levites shall teach you: as I commanded them,so ye shall observe to do.

Deuteronomy 33:10
They shall teach Jacob thy judgments, and Israel thy law: they shall put incense before thee, and whole burnt sacrifice upon thine altar.

2 Chronicles 17:9
And they taught in Judah, andhad the book of the law of the LORD with them, and went about throughout all the cities of Judah, and taught the people.

CleanCommonDifferenceDistinctionDistinguishDivisionHolyProfanePureSeparationUncleanUnholyCleanCommonDifferenceDistinctionDistinguishDivisionHolyProfanePureSeparationUncleanUnholy1.Aadab and Abihu, for offering strange fire, are burnt by fire
6.Aaron and his sons are forbidden to mourn for them
8.The priests are forbidden wine when they are to go into the tabernacle
12.The law of eating the holy things
16.Aaron's excuse for transgressing thereof

You must distinguish between the holy and the common
This command comes after the tragic incident involving Nadab and Abihu, Aaron's sons, who offered unauthorized fire before the Lord and were consumed by fire as a result. The context emphasizes the importance of adhering to God's instructions regarding worship and the priesthood. The distinction between holy and common is foundational in Levitical law, underscoring the separation between what is consecrated to God and what is ordinary. This principle is seen throughout the Old Testament, where God calls His people to be set apart (Exodus 19:6). The concept of holiness is central to understanding God's nature and His expectations for His people. In the New Testament, believers are called to be holy as God is holy (1 Peter 1:16), reflecting this ongoing theme of separation and dedication to God.

between the clean and the unclean
The distinction between clean and unclean is a recurring theme in Leviticus, particularly in chapters 11-15, which detail dietary laws, purification rituals, and guidelines for dealing with various forms of impurity. These laws served to teach Israel about purity and the need for holiness in every aspect of life. The clean/unclean distinction also had practical implications for health and community living. In a broader theological sense, these laws pointed to the need for spiritual purity and foreshadowed the ultimate cleansing from sin through Jesus Christ. In the New Testament, Jesus fulfills and transcends these laws, declaring all foods clean (Mark 7:19) and offering purification through His sacrifice (Hebrews 9:13-14). The call to discern between clean and unclean remains relevant as a metaphor for moral and spiritual discernment in the life of a believer.

1.Aaron
The brother of Moses and the first high priest of Israel. He was responsible for maintaining the sanctity of the tabernacle and ensuring that the priests followed God's commands.

2.Nadab and Abihu
Sons of Aaron who offered unauthorized fire before the Lord, resulting in their death as a divine judgment for their disobedience (Leviticus 10:1-2).

3.Moses
The leader of the Israelites who conveyed God's laws and instructions to Aaron and the people.

4.Tabernacle
The portable dwelling place for the divine presence among the Israelites, where the priests performed their duties.

5.Israelites
The chosen people of God, who were given the law to live by and to be set apart from other nations.Holiness and Distinction
God calls His people to live lives that are distinct from the world. This involves making conscious choices to uphold what is holy and reject what is common or unclean.

Obedience to God's Commands
The tragic account of Nadab and Abihu serves as a reminder of the importance of adhering strictly to God's instructions. Our worship and service must align with His will.

Spiritual Discernment
Believers are called to develop discernment to distinguish between what is holy and unholy. This requires a deep understanding of God's Word and a sensitivity to the Holy Spirit.

Consequences of Disobedience
The immediate consequences faced by Nadab and Abihu illustrate the seriousness of disobedience. While we live under grace, the principle of reaping what we sow remains.

Living as a Holy Priesthood
As believers, we are part of a royal priesthood (1 Peter 2:9). This identity calls us to live in a way that reflects God's holiness to the world.1.What is the meaning of Leviticus 10:10?

2.How does Leviticus 10:10 emphasize the importance of distinguishing between holy and common?

3.What practical steps can we take to discern between "clean and unclean"?

4.How does Leviticus 10:10 relate to 1 Peter 1:15-16 on holiness?

5.Why is it crucial for Christians to maintain spiritual discernment in daily life?

6.How can we apply the principles of Leviticus 10:10 in modern worship practices?

7.What does Leviticus 10:10 mean by distinguishing between holy and common, clean and unclean?

8.How does Leviticus 10:10 apply to modern Christian life and moral decisions?

9.Why was the distinction between holy and common important in Levitical law?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Leviticus 10?

11.What does the Bible say about ritual impurity?

12.Does the failure of priests to differentiate between the holy and profane in Ezekiel 22:26 conflict with other passages that claim Israel kept strict religious laws?

13.How can 2 Chronicles 15:3–4 claim that Israel was without the true God yet still functioned as a nation with established worship practices?

14.In Exodus 30:22–25, how could the precise recipe for holy anointing oil be accurately preserved and replicated without loss of detail over centuries?You must distinguish

Leviticus 10:10 opens with a clear mandate: “You must distinguish …”. God tells Aaron that discernment is non-negotiable.

• It is a direct command, not a suggestion, just asJoshua 1:7 urges steadfast obedience.

• The charge follows the tragic death of Nadab and Abihu (Leviticus 10:1–2), showing that careless worship can have grave consequences.

• Discernment is essential for anyone who serves God—Hebrews 5:14 says mature believers “have their senses trained to distinguish between good and evil,” and1 Peter 2:9 reminds us that all believers are now a “royal priesthood.”

• The purpose is practical: verse 11 adds, “so that you may teach the Israelites all the statutes.” We can’t teach what we haven’t first discerned.

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between the holy and the common

“Holy” refers to whatever God sets apart for Himself; “common” (or profane) describes everyday things not devoted to His service.

• God alone defines holiness (Exodus 3:5;Isaiah 6:3).

• Everything in the tabernacle was holy because it was dedicated to God’s presence (Exodus 40:9).

• Mixing holy and common invites judgment;2 Samuel 6:6–7 shows Uzzah struck down for touching the ark like any ordinary object.

• Under the new covenant, believers themselves are God’s temple (1 Corinthians 3:16–17). We keep life’s “common” pursuits from crowding out worship by offering our bodies as “a living sacrifice, holy and pleasing to God” (Romans 12:1).

• Daily decisions—movies, conversations, finances—either honor God’s holiness or treat it casually.Colossians 3:17 encourages us: “whatever you do … do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus.”

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between the clean and the unclean

“Clean” and “unclean” deal with purity rather than mere hygiene.

• Leviticus chapters 11–15 spell out ritual categories (food, disease, bodily discharges). God says, “Be holy, because I am holy” (Leviticus 11:45).

• Uncleanness barred an Israelite from worship until cleansing was completed (Leviticus 15:31), illustrating that sin separates us from God (Isaiah 59:2).

• Christ fulfills these symbols—Mark 1:40–42 shows Him cleansing the leper with a word, andActs 10:15 declares, “Do not call anything impure that God has made clean.”

• Yet moral purity still matters;2 Corinthians 6:17 urges believers to “touch no unclean thing,” and1 John 1:9 promises cleansing when we confess sin.

• Practically, we cultivate spiritual cleanliness by:

– Guarding our thoughts (Philippians 4:8)

– Fleeing sexual immorality (1 Corinthians 6:18)

– Keeping short accounts with God and people (Ephesians 4:26–27)

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summary

Leviticus 10:10 charges God’s people to practice vigilant discernment. We intentionally separate what belongs to God from what is merely ordinary and keep our lives free from impurity. The God who is holy still calls His people to be holy, and through Christ’s finished work we are empowered to live distinctly, teaching others by both word and example the difference “between the holy and the common, between the clean and the unclean.”

(10)And that ye may put difference.--The motive here assigned for their abstinence from intoxicating liquor is, that by keeping sober they might be able to discriminate between the legal and illegal points in the prescribed observances, which required the greatest care. Thus, for instance, the rules as to which places and days and sundry portions of the offerings were holy or common, or as to holy fire and common fire, which Nadab and Abihu violated; or about ceremonially clean and unclean men, women, animals, and utensils. (SeeEzekiel 44:23.)

Verse 10. - Wine and other intoxicating liquors (שֵׁכר, whence the Greek wordσίκερα,Luke 1:13, was made from dates, or barley, or honey) are forbidden to the priests during their ministrations,that they may pat a difference between holy and unholy; that is, that their minds may not be confused, but be capable of distinguishing between right and wrong, what ought and what ought not to be done. Nadab and Abihu, on the contrary, had not distinguished between the sacred and profane fire, or between God's commands and their own unregulated impulses. If they had partaken too freely of the wine provided for the drink offerings, their sin would be similar to that of the Corinthians in their abuse of the Lord's Supper. As to the use of wine by the minister of God under the New Testament, see1 Timothy 3:2, 8;1 Timothy 5:23. The spiritual emotion, which, in the service of God, shows itself in pouring out the feelings in "psalms and hymns and spiritual songs," is contrasted, inEphesians 5:18, 19, with the physical excitement caused by wine, the former being commended and the latter forbidden.

Parallel Commentaries ...


You must distinguish
וּֽלֲהַבְדִּ֔יל(ū·lă·haḇ·dîl)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct
Strong's 914:To be divided, separate

between
בֵּ֥ין(bên)
Preposition
Strong's 996:An interval, space between

the holy
הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ(haq·qō·ḏeš)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6944:A sacred place, thing, sanctity

and the common,
הַחֹ֑ל(ha·ḥōl)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2455:Profaneness, commonness

between
וּבֵ֥ין(ū·ḇên)
Conjunctive waw | Preposition
Strong's 996:An interval, space between

the clean
הַטָּהֽוֹר׃(haṭ·ṭā·hō·wr)
Article | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 2889:Clean, pure

and the unclean,
הַטָּמֵ֖א(haṭ·ṭā·mê)
Article | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 2931:Unclean


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OT Law: Leviticus 10:10 And that you are to make (Le Lv Lev.)