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◄ John 19:33►

New International Version
But when they came to Jesus and found that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

New Living Translation
But when they came to Jesus, they saw that he was already dead, so they didn’t break his legs.

English Standard Version
But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

Berean Standard Bible
But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

Berean Literal Bible
But having come to Jesus, when they saw Him already having been dead, they did not break His legs.

King James Bible
But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:

New King James Version
But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

New American Standard Bible
but after they came to Jesus, when they saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

NASB 1995
but coming to Jesus, when they saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

NASB 1977
but coming to Jesus, when they saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs;

Legacy Standard Bible
but coming to Jesus, when they saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

Amplified Bible
But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

Christian Standard Bible
When they came to Jesus, they did not break his legs since they saw that he was already dead.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
When they came to Jesus, they did not break His legs since they saw that He was already dead.

American Standard Version
but when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:

Contemporary English Version
But when they came to Jesus, they saw he was already dead, and they did not break his legs.

English Revised Version
but when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
When the soldiers came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they didn't break his legs.

Good News Translation
But when they came to Jesus, they saw that he was already dead, so they did not break his legs.

International Standard Version
But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

NET Bible
But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

New Heart English Bible
but when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

Webster's Bible Translation
But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they broke not his legs:

Weymouth New Testament
Then they came to Jesus Himself: but when they saw that He was already dead, they refrained from breaking His legs.

Majority Text Translations

Majority Standard Bible
But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

World English Bible
but when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they didn’t break his legs.

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
and having come to Jesus, when they saw Him already having been dead, they did not break His legs;

Berean Literal Bible
But having come to Jesus, when they saw Him already having been dead, they did not break His legs.

Young's Literal Translation
and having come to Jesus, when they saw him already having been dead, they did not break his legs;

Smith's Literal Translation
And upon having come to Jesus, when they saw him already dead, they brake not his legs:

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
But after they were come to Jesus, when they saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

Catholic Public Domain Version
But after they had approached Jesus, when they saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

New American Bible
But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs,

New Revised Standard Version
But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
But when they came to Jesus, they saw that he was dead already, so they did not break his legs.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
When they came to Yeshua, they saw that he had died already and they did not break his legs.

NT Translations

Anderson New Testament
But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs:

Godbey New Testament
But having come to Jesus, when they saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs:

Haweis New Testament
But when they came to Jesus, as they saw that he was already dead, they brake not his legs:

Mace New Testament
then they came to Jesus, and finding that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.

Weymouth New Testament
Then they came to Jesus Himself: but when they saw that He was already dead, they refrained from breaking His legs.

Worrell New Testament
but, when they came to Jesus, and saw that He was already dead, they broke not His legs;

Worsley New Testament
as they saw He was dead already, they did not break his legs:

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

Jesus' Side is Pierced
…32So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and those of the other.33But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead,they did not break His legs.34Instead, one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water flowed out.…

Berean Standard Bible ·Download

Cross References

Psalm 34:20
He protects all his bones; not one of them will be broken.

Exodus 12:46
It must be eaten inside one house. You are not to take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of the bones.

Numbers 9:12
they may not leave any of it until morning or break any of its bones. They must observe the Passover according to all its statutes.

Zechariah 12:10
Then I will pour out on the house of David and on the people of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and prayer, and they will look on Me, the One they have pierced. They will mourn for Him as one mourns for an only child, and grieve bitterly for Him as one grieves for a firstborn son.

Isaiah 53:9
He was assigned a grave with the wicked, and with a rich man in His death, although He had done no violence, nor was any deceit in His mouth.

Psalm 22:16
For dogs surround me; a band of evil men encircles me; they have pierced my hands and feet.

Psalm 69:21
They poisoned my food with gall and gave me vinegar to quench my thirst.

Isaiah 53:5
But He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed.

Zechariah 13:7
Awake, O sword, against My Shepherd, against the man who is My Companion, declares the LORD of Hosts. Strike the Shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered, and I will turn My hand against the little ones.

Matthew 27:35
When they had crucified Him, they divided up His garments by casting lots.

Mark 15:24
And they crucified Him. They also divided His garments by casting lots to decide what each of them would take.

Luke 23:33
When they came to the place called The Skull, they crucified Him there, along with the criminals, one on His right and the other on His left.

John 1:29
The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, “Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!

John 1:36
When he saw Jesus walking by, he said, “Look, the Lamb of God!”

John 3:14-15
Just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness, so the Son of Man must be lifted up, / that everyone who believes in Him may have eternal life.

Treasury of Scripture

But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they broke not his legs:

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John 19

1.Jesus is scourged, crowned with thorns, and beaten.
4.Pilate is desirous to release him,
15.but being overcome with the outrage of the crowd, he delivers him to be crucified.
23.They cast lots for his garments.
25.He commends his mother to John.
28.He dies.
31.His side is pierced.
38.He is buried by Joseph and Nicodemus.

Study Bible

Book ◦ Chapter

But when they came to Jesus
This phrase refers to the Roman soldiers who were responsible for ensuring the crucifixion was carried out to completion. The soldiers' approach to Jesus signifies the final stages of the crucifixion process. In Roman practice, crucifixion was a method of execution designed to prolong suffering, and the soldiers were tasked with confirming the death of those crucified.

and saw that He was already dead
The soldiers observed that Jesus had already died, which was unusual given the typical duration of crucifixion. This early death fulfills Jesus' own prediction of His death and aligns with the Gospel accounts that describe His final moments on the cross, including His declaration, "It is finished" (John 19:30). The fact that Jesus was already dead also fulfills the prophecy inPsalm 34:20, which states that none of His bones would be broken.

they did not break His legs
Breaking the legs of those crucified was a common practice to hasten death, as it prevented the victim from pushing up to breathe, leading to asphyxiation. The decision not to break Jesus' legs is significant in fulfilling Old Testament prophecy, specificallyExodus 12:46 andNumbers 9:12, which describe the Passover lamb, a type of Christ, whose bones were not to be broken. This detail underscores Jesus as the ultimate Passover Lamb, sacrificed for the sins of humanity.

Persons / Places / Events

1.Jesus Christ
The central figure of the New Testament, whose crucifixion and death are the focus of this passage. His death fulfills Old Testament prophecies and is central to Christian salvation.

2.Roman Soldiers
The individuals responsible for carrying out the crucifixion. Their actions, including not breaking Jesus' legs, fulfill specific prophecies.

3.Golgotha
The place where Jesus was crucified, also known as "The Place of the Skull." It is a significant location in the account of Jesus' crucifixion.

4.Crucifixion
The method of execution used by the Romans, which involved nailing the victim to a cross. It was a brutal and public form of punishment.

5.Passover
The Jewish festival occurring at the time of Jesus' crucifixion. The timing is significant as Jesus is seen as the Passover Lamb, whose bones were not to be broken.

Teaching Points

Fulfillment of Prophecy
Jesus' death without broken bones fulfills Old Testament prophecies, underscoring the divine plan and sovereignty of God in salvation history.

The Perfect Sacrifice
Jesus as the unblemished Passover Lamb highlights the perfection and completeness of His sacrifice for sin.

Divine Timing
The events of Jesus' death occurred precisely as foretold, demonstrating God's control over history and His faithfulness to His promises.

Trust in God's Plan
Just as God's plan was fulfilled in Jesus' death, believers can trust that God's plans for their lives are perfect and will come to fruition.

Symbolism of the Lamb
Understanding Jesus as the Passover Lamb enriches the believer's appreciation of the sacrificial system and its fulfillment in Christ.

Bible Study Questions and Answers

1.What is the meaning of John 19:33?

2.Why was Jesus' unbroken legs significant in John 19:33 for prophecy fulfillment?

3.How does John 19:33 demonstrate Jesus' fulfillment of Old Testament sacrificial laws?

4.What does John 19:33 reveal about God's sovereignty in Jesus' crucifixion events?

5.How can John 19:33 deepen our understanding of Jesus as the perfect sacrifice?

6.How should John 19:33 influence our trust in God's plan and timing?

7.Why did the soldiers not break Jesus' legs in John 19:33?

8.How does John 19:33 fulfill Old Testament prophecy?

9.What is the significance of Jesus' unbroken bones in John 19:33?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from John 19?

11.What are common Muslim questions and their answers?

12.What is the concept of the Fourfold Witness?

13.What scientific explanation could account for both “blood and water” flowing from Jesus’ side in John 19:34?

14.What are the key elements of Christ's death and resurrection?

What Does John 19:33 Mean

But when they came

• Roman soldiers had already broken the legs of the two criminals beside Jesus to speed their deaths (John 19:31-32).

• Their arrival at the center cross looks routine, yet every step is under God’s sovereign timing (Acts 4:27-28).

• This moment fulfills what Jesus declared earlier: “No one takes My life from Me, but I lay it down of My own accord” (John 10:18).

to Jesus

• The soldiers now stand before the One they had mocked and pierced (John 19:1-3, 19).

• Standing at the foot of His cross places them face-to-face with the Lamb of God, echoingJohn 1:29.

• Even in death Jesus commands attention; His body becomes the focal point of prophecy being completed (Isaiah 53:5).

and saw that He was already dead

• Crucifixion victims often lingered for days, so Jesus’ swift death amazes Pilate (Mark 15:44).

• The soldiers’ professional assessment confirms His death beyond doubt, silencing later rumors that He merely swooned (1 John 1:1-2).

• Their observation validates Jesus’ final cry, “It is finished” (John 19:30), showing His mission accomplished in full.

they did not break His legs

• By refraining, the soldiers unknowingly fulfill Scripture: “Not one of His bones will be broken” (Psalm 34:20;Exodus 12:46).

• The Passover lamb, whose bones could not be broken, prefigured Christ; here the type meets its ultimate reality (1 Corinthians 5:7).

• This restraint preserves the physical sign God ordained, underlining that redemption is entirely His work, untouched by human interference (Zechariah 12:10;John 19:36-37).

summary

John 19:33 shows Roman soldiers arriving to hasten death, yet finding Jesus already gone. Their decision not to break His legs, though practical to them, fulfills ancient prophecy with pinpoint accuracy. The verse highlights Christ’s voluntary sacrifice, the reliability of Scripture, and the seamless harmony between Old Testament foreshadowing and New Testament fulfillment.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(33)And saw that he was dead already, . . . The only explanation of their not breaking the legs of Jesus seems to be that the purpose of thecrurifragium was to ensure death, or, in any case, prevent the possibility of escape. Crucifixion itself would not necessarily cause death for several days, nor, indeed, at all; but Jesus had by His own will committed His spirit to His Father.

Parallel Commentaries ...

Greek

But
δὲ(de)
Conjunction
Strong's 1161:A primary particle; but, and, etc.

when
ὡς(hōs)
Adverb
Strong's 5613:Probably adverb of comparative from hos; which how, i.e. In that manner.

they came
ἐλθόντες(elthontes)
Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural
Strong's 2064:To come, go.

to
ἐπὶ(epi)
Preposition
Strong's 1909:On, to, against, on the basis of, at.

Jesus
Ἰησοῦν(Iēsoun)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2424:Of Hebrew origin; Jesus, the name of our Lord and two other Israelites.

[and] saw that
εἶδον(eidon)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 3708:Properly, to stare at, i.e. to discern clearly; by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear.

He
αὐτὸν(auton)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 846:He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

was already
ἤδη(ēdē)
Adverb
Strong's 2235:Already; now at length, now after all this waiting. Apparently from e and de; even now.

dead,
τεθνηκότα(tethnēkota)
Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2348:To die, be dying, be dead. A strengthened form of a simpler primary thano than'-o; to die.

they did not break
κατέαξαν(kateaxan)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural
Strong's 2608:To break down (in pieces), crush, break into. From kata and the base of rhegnumi; to rend in pieces, i.e. Crack apart.

His
αὐτοῦ(autou)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 846:He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

legs.
σκέλη(skelē)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural
Strong's 4628:The leg (from the hip downwards). Apparently from skello; the leg.

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NT Gospels: John 19:33 But when they came to Jesus (Jhn Jo Jn)