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Isaiah 61:5
And strangers shall stand and feed your flocks, and the sons of the alienshall be your plowmen and your vinedressers.

Isaiah 66:21
And I will also take of them for priestsand for Levites, saith the LORD.

Zechariah 6:15
And theythat are far off shall come and build in the temple of the LORD, and ye shall know that the LORD of hosts hath sent me unto you. Andthis shall come to pass, if ye will diligently obey the voice of the LORD your God.

their kings

Isaiah 60:3
And the Gentiles shall come to thy light, and kings to the brightness of thy rising.

Isaiah 49:23
And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee withtheir face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that Iam the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.

Ezra 6:3-12
In the first year of Cyrus the kingthe same Cyrus the king made a decreeconcerning the house of God at Jerusalem, Let the house be builded, the place where they offered sacrifices, and let the foundations thereof be strongly laid; the height thereof threescore cubits,and the breadth thereof threescore cubits; …

in my wrath

Isaiah 12:1
And in that day thou shalt say, O LORD, I will praise thee: though thou wast angry with me, thine anger is turned away, and thou comfortedst me.

Isaiah 54:7,8
For a small moment have I forsaken thee; but with great mercies will I gather thee…

Isaiah 57:17,18
For the iniquity of his covetousness was I wroth, and smote him: I hid me, and was wroth, and he went on frowardly in the way of his heart…

and their kings will serve you
This phrase highlights the submission of foreign rulers to Israel, indicating a shift in power dynamics. Historically, Israel was often subject to foreign domination, but this prophecy envisions a time when even kings will acknowledge and serve the purposes of God's people. This can be connected to the messianic expectation of a future king from David's line who will rule over all nations, as seen in Psalms and Revelation. It reflects the ultimate sovereignty of God over all earthly powers and the future establishment of His kingdom.

Although I struck you in anger
This acknowledges the period of judgment and discipline that Israel experienced due to their disobedience and idolatry. The Babylonian exile is a prime example of this divine anger, where God allowed foreign nations to conquer and exile His people. This phrase serves as a reminder of God's holiness and justice, where sin has consequences. However, it also sets the stage for the following promise of mercy, showing that God's anger is not His final word.

yet in favor I will show you mercy
This phrase emphasizes God's grace and compassion, highlighting His willingness to forgive and restore His people despite their past transgressions. The concept of divine mercy is central to the biblical narrative, where God's covenant love remains steadfast. This promise of mercy is seen throughout the prophets and is ultimately fulfilled in the New Testament through Jesus Christ, who embodies God's favor and offers redemption to all. It reassures believers of God's unchanging character and His commitment to His promises.

“Foreigners will rebuild your walls…” (Isaiah 60:10a)

• Picture the scene: Jerusalem’s ruined ramparts rising again, but this time hands from many nations are lifting the stones.

• God is announcing that Gentile peoples—those once outside the covenant—will eagerly participate in restoring Zion. SeeIsaiah 56:6–7 where “foreigners who join themselves to the Lord” are welcomed into His house.

• This foresees both the post-exilic help Israel actually received (Ezra 6:7–10;Nehemiah 2:7–9) and a broader future moment when the nations stream to Jerusalem’s light (Isaiah 60:3).

• It echoesIsaiah 49:22, “I will beckon to the nations… they will bring your sons in their arms,” underscoring that God can turn yesterday’s outsiders into today’s builders of His kingdom.

“…and their kings will serve you.” (Isaiah 60:10b)

• The promise rises from laborers to leaders: even kings will use their authority and wealth for Zion’s good.

•Isaiah 49:23 pictures monarchs as nursing fathers and queens as nursing mothers for Israel, showing humble royal service.

• Historically, rulers like Cyrus funded temple reconstruction (Ezra 6:3-5). Prophetically,Revelation 21:24 says, “The kings of the earth will bring their glory into” the New Jerusalem.

• God’s people need not fear earthly power; when He moves, thrones become footstools for His purposes (Psalm 72:11).

“Although I struck you in anger…” (Isaiah 60:10c)

• God candidly reminds Israel that the exile was His righteous discipline (2 Kings 24–25).

•Isaiah 54:7 reads, “For a brief moment I forsook you,” showing that the blow, though severe, was measured.

• Discipline proves covenant love (Deuteronomy 8:5;Hebrews 12:6). His anger is never capricious; it targets sin to restore holiness.

• Remembering the strike guards us against presumption and keeps gratitude fresh.

“…yet in favor I will show you mercy.” (Isaiah 60:10d)

• The same Lord who chastised now lavishes favor.Isaiah 54:8 balances the scales: “With everlasting compassion I will have mercy on you.”

• Mercy here is not mere sentiment; it is covenant loyalty reaching its apex in the Messiah who bears wrath so we can receive grace (Isaiah 53:5;Romans 5:8-9).

• Practical implications:

– Our past failures do not have the last word.

– God’s favor equips His people for future mission—pictured by walls restored and gates open continually (Isaiah 60:11).

– Mercy received becomes mercy shared with the nations (Ephesians 2:4-7).

Isaiah 60:10 flows like a four-part symphony: nations rebuild, kings serve, God’s discipline is acknowledged, and His mercy triumphs. The verse assures us that no setback—however deserved—can thwart God’s redemptive plan. He turns former outsiders into partners, converts royal might into humble service, and transforms anger into abiding favor. His faithful love secures both Israel’s restoration and the worldwide hope ultimately fulfilled in Christ’s kingdom.