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Isaiah 21:10
O my threshing, and the corn of my floor: that which I have heard of the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, have I declared unto you.

Isaiah 28:27
For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.

Habakkuk 3:12
Thou didst march through the land in indignation, thou didst thresh the heathen in anger.

teeth.

Psalm 18:42
Then did I beat them small as the dust before the wind: I did cast them out as the dirt in the streets.

Micah 4:13
Arise and thresh, O daughter of Zion: for I will make thine horn iron, and I will make thy hoofs brass: and thou shalt beat in pieces many people: and I will consecrate their gain unto the LORD, and their substance unto the Lord of the whole earth.

Zechariah 4:7
Whoart thou, O great mountain? before Zerubbabelthou shalt become a plain: and he shall bring forth the headstonethereof with shoutings,crying, Grace, grace unto it.

new and sharp, with many teeth
The description of the sledge as "new and sharp, with many teeth" emphasizes efficiency and capability. The "new" aspect suggests renewal and innovation, while "sharp" and "many teeth" indicate precision and power. This can be seen as a metaphor for the renewed strength and wisdom given by God to His people, enabling them to overcome obstacles. The sharpness can also symbolize the penetrating power of God's word (Hebrews 4:12).

You will thresh the mountains and crush them
Threshing mountains is a hyperbolic expression indicating the overcoming of seemingly insurmountable challenges. Mountains often symbolize obstacles or powerful nations in biblical literature. This phrase suggests divine intervention enabling God's people to triumph over formidable foes. It reflects the theme of faith moving mountains (Matthew 17:20) and God's power to subdue nations (Isaiah 41:11-12).

and reduce the hills to chaff
Reducing hills to chaff continues the metaphor of complete victory and transformation. Chaff, the husks separated from grain, is lightweight and easily blown away, symbolizing the futility and impermanence of opposition against God's will. This imagery is consistent with the judgment and purification themes found in scripture, where the wicked are likened to chaff (Psalm 1:4,Matthew 3:12). It underscores the ultimate triumph of God's purposes and the establishment of His kingdom.

The verse opens with a divine attention-getter: “Behold.” God is calling His people to look up and listen with expectation. Throughout Scripture, this word always flags something certain and worth noticing (cf.Isaiah 7:14;John 1:29). It reminds us that every promise in this chapter is grounded in God’s unchanging character (Isaiah 41:4, 10).

God Himself is the subject and the mover: “I will make you.”

• The initiative is entirely His, echoingPhilippians 1:6, where the One who begins a good work finishes it.

• He speaks to Israel—called a “worm” in the previous verse (Isaiah 41:14)—and pledges to reshape them into something powerful. What looks weak in human eyes becomes mighty when fashioned by the Lord (1 Corinthians 1:27).

A threshing sledge was a heavy wooden platform studded with sharp stones, dragged over harvested stalks to separate grain from husks (Isaiah 28:27–28). By choosing this image:

• God promises to turn His people into an instrument of decisive separation—truth from lies, righteousness from wickedness (Micah 4:13).

• The picture also anticipates judgment against oppressive nations (Jeremiah 51:33), showing that Israel will participate in God’s redemptive justice.

“New” signals a fresh, unblemished start; “sharp” conveys effectiveness. Together they show:

• God’s work is never second-hand or dull. When He equips, He equips fully (Psalm 18:34).

• A parallel inHebrews 4:12 likens God’s Word to a “double-edged sword”—living, active, razor-keen. Likewise, the people remade by that Word become keen instruments for His purposes.

The “teeth” are the embedded stones that did the cutting. “Many” stresses more power and efficiency than ever before.

• It recalls how God multiplies strength—think five loaves feeding thousands (Matthew 14:19-21).

• The promise counters Israel’s small-nation fears by highlighting overwhelming divine provision (Isaiah 41:15b-16,Judges 7:2).

Mountains often symbolize massive obstacles or proud nations (Zechariah 4:7). God says those obstacles will not merely be nibbled at; they will be threshed—systematically broken down.

• Jesus later echoes this idea: “If anyone says to this mountain, ‘Be lifted up and thrown into the sea…’” (Mark 11:23).

• In context, the “mountains” include the hostile powers menacing Israel in exile. God guarantees their downfall through His transformed people.

Threshing isn’t polite; it’s decisive. “Crush” highlights total victory:

•Romans 16:20 promises, “The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet.”

• The verse moves from separation (threshing) to annihilation (crushing), assuring that opposition will not merely be weakened—it will be obliterated (Revelation 2:27).

Chaff is weightless debris the wind blows away (Psalm 1:4). When hills—lesser obstacles—become chaff:

• Nothing formidable remains; even the small bumps are swept off God’s map (Isaiah 40:4).

•Matthew 3:12 depicts Messiah clearing His threshing floor, burning the chaff. Likewise, Israel will see enemies dispersed as useless dust before divine purpose.

Isaiah 41:15 promises that God will personally transform His once-fearful people into a powerful, brand-new, razor-sharp instrument—a threshing sledge loaded with many teeth. With that God-given strength they will grind down the greatest obstacles (mountains) and sweep away the lesser ones (hills) until every adversary is weightless chaff. The verse assures believers that the Lord takes the initiative, supplies the power, and guarantees complete victory, turning weakness into unstoppable effectiveness for His glory.