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Bible >Isaiah >Chapter 28 > Verse 27
◄ Isaiah 28:27►
New International Version
Caraway is not threshed with a sledge, nor is the wheel of a cart rolled over cumin; caraway is beaten out with a rod, and cumin with a stick.

New Living Translation
A heavy sledge is never used to thresh black cumin; rather, it is beaten with a light stick. A threshing wheel is never rolled on cumin; instead, it is beaten lightly with a flail.

English Standard Version
Dill is not threshed with a threshing sledge, nor is a cart wheel rolled over cumin, but dill is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod.

Berean Standard Bible
Surely caraway is not threshed with a sledge, and the wheel of a cart is not rolled over the cumin. But caraway is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod.

King James Bible
For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.

New King James Version
For the black cummin is not threshed with a threshing sledge, Nor is a cartwheel rolled over the cummin; But the black cummin is beaten out with a stick, And the cummin with a rod.

New American Standard Bible
For dill is not threshed with a threshing sledge, Nor is the cartwheel driven over cumin; But dill is beaten out with a rod, and cumin with a club.

NASB 1995
For dill is not threshed with a threshing sledge, Nor is the cartwheel driven over cummin; But dill is beaten out with a rod, and cummin with a club.

NASB 1977
For dill is not threshed with a threshing sledge, Nor is the cartwheel driven over cummin; But dill is beaten out with a rod, and cummin with a club.

Legacy Standard Bible
For dill is not threshed with a threshing sledge, Nor is the wheel of a cart driven over cumin; But dill is beaten out with a staff, and cumin with a rod.

Amplified Bible
For dill is not threshed with a sharp threshing sledge, Nor is a cartwheel rolled over cumin; But dill is beaten out with a staff, and cumin with a rod.

Christian Standard Bible
Certainly black cumin is not threshed with a threshing board, and a cart wheel is not rolled over the cumin. But black cumin is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Certainly black cumin is not threshed with a threshing board, and a cart wheel is not rolled over the cumin. But black cumin is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod.

American Standard Version
For the fitches are not threshed with a sharp threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.

Contemporary English Version
After dill and cumin have been harvested, the stalks are pounded, not run over with a wagon.

English Revised Version
For the fitches are not threshed with a sharp threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Black cumin isn't threshed with a sledge, and wagon wheels aren't rolled over cumin. Black cumin is beaten with a rod and cumin with a stick.

Good News Translation
They never use a heavy club to beat out dill seeds or cumin seeds; instead they use light sticks of the proper size.

International Standard Version
For caraway is not threshed with a sharp sledge, nor is a cart wheel rolled over cumin. Instead, caraway is winnowed with a stick, and cumin with a rod.

NET Bible
Certainly caraway seed is not threshed with a sledge, nor is the wheel of a cart rolled over cumin seed. Certainly caraway seed is beaten with a stick, and cumin seed with a flail.

New Heart English Bible
For the dill are not threshed with a sharp instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned over the cumin; but the dill is beaten out with a stick, and the cumin with a rod.

Webster's Bible Translation
For the vetches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart-wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the vetches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
Surely caraway is not threshed with a sledge, and the wheel of a cart is not rolled over the cumin. But caraway is beaten out with a stick, and cumin with a rod.

World English Bible
For the dill isn’t threshed with a sharp instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned over the cumin; but the dill is beaten out with a stick, and the cumin with a rod.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
For fitches are not threshed with a sharp-pointed thing, "" And the wheel of a cart turned around on cumin, "" For fitches are beaten out with a staff, "" And cumin with a rod.

Young's Literal Translation
For not with a sharp-pointed thing threshed are fitches, And the wheel of a cart on cummin turned round, For with a staff beaten out are fitches, And cummin with a rod.

Smith's Literal Translation
For the fennel flower shall not be beaten with the threshing sledge, and the wheel of a wagon shall not be turned about upon the cummin; for the fennel flower shall be beaten out with the rod and the cummin with the rod.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
For gith shall not be thrashed with saws, neither shall the cart wheel turn about upon cummin: but gith shall be beaten out with a rod, and cummin with a staff.

Catholic Public Domain Version
For coriander cannot be threshed with a saw, and a cartwheel cannot revolve over cumin. Instead, coriander is shaken out with a stick, and cumin with a staff.

New American Bible
For caraway is not threshed with a sledge, nor does a cartwheel roll over cumin. But caraway is beaten out with a staff, and cumin with a rod.

New Revised Standard Version
Dill is not threshed with a threshing sledge, nor is a cart wheel rolled over cummin; but dill is beaten out with a stick, and cummin with a rod.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
For dill is not threshed under the feet of oxen, nor is a threshing instrument turned about upon cummin, but dill is beaten out with a staff, and cummin with a rod.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Because the fennel is not trodden in threshing, neither is a thresher turned around on the cumin, because the fennel is beaten out with a staff, and the cumin with a rod
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
For the black cummin is not threshed with a threshing-sledge, Neither is a cart-wheel turned about upon the cummin; But the black cummin is beaten out with a staff, And the cummin with a rod.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
For the black poppy is not cleansed with harsh treatment, nor will a wagon-wheel pass over the cumin; but the black poppy is threshed with a rod, and the cumin shall be eaten with bread;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Listen and Hear
…26For his God instructs and teaches him properly.27Surelycarawayis notthreshedwith a sledge,and the wheelof a cartis not rolledoverthe cumin.Butcarawayis beaten outwith a stick,and cuminwith a rod.28Grain for bread must be ground, but it is not endlessly threshed. Though the wheels of the cart roll over it, the horses do not crush it.…

Cross References
Proverbs 20:26
A wise king separates out the wicked and drives the threshing wheel over them.

Isaiah 28:24-26
Does the plowman plow for planting every day? Does he continuously loosen and harrow the soil? / When he has leveled its surface, does he not sow caraway and scatter cumin? He plants wheat in rows and barley in plots, and rye within its border. / For his God instructs and teaches him properly.

Isaiah 28:28-29
Grain for bread must be ground, but it is not endlessly threshed. Though the wheels of the cart roll over it, the horses do not crush it. / This also comes from the LORD of Hosts, who is wonderful in counsel and excellent in wisdom.

Matthew 13:24-30
Jesus put before them another parable: “The kingdom of heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field. / But while everyone was asleep, his enemy came and sowed weeds among the wheat, and slipped away. / When the wheat sprouted and bore grain, then the weeds also appeared. ...

Jeremiah 15:7
I will scatter them with a winnowing fork at the gates of the land. I will bereave and destroy My people who have not turned from their ways.

Amos 9:9
“For surely I will give the command, and I will shake the house of Israel among all the nations as grain is sifted in a sieve; but not a pebble will reach the ground.

Matthew 3:12
His winnowing fork is in His hand to clear His threshing floor and to gather His wheat into the barn; but He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”

Luke 3:17
His winnowing fork is in His hand to clear His threshing floor and to gather the wheat into His barn; but He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”

Job 39:10-12
Can you hold him to the furrow with a harness? Will he plow the valleys behind you? / Can you rely on his great strength? Will you leave your hard work to him? / Can you trust him to bring in your grain and gather it to your threshing floor?

Hosea 10:11
Ephraim is a well-trained heifer that loves to thresh; but I will place a yoke on her fair neck. I will harness Ephraim, Judah will plow, and Jacob will break the hard ground.

1 Corinthians 9:9-10
For it is written in the Law of Moses: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.” Is it about oxen that God is concerned? / Isn’t He actually speaking on our behalf? Indeed, this was written for us, because when the plowman plows and the thresher threshes, they should also expect to share in the harvest.

Deuteronomy 25:4
Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.

2 Timothy 2:6
The hardworking farmer should be the first to partake of the crops.

James 5:7
Be patient, then, brothers, until the Lord’s coming. See how the farmer awaits the precious fruit of the soil—how patient he is for the fall and spring rains.

Ruth 2:17
So Ruth gathered grain in the field until evening. And when she beat out what she had gleaned, it was about an ephah of barley.


Treasury of Scripture

For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about on the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.

threshed

Isaiah 41:15
Behold, I will make thee a new sharp threshing instrument having teeth: thou shalt thresh the mountains, and beatthem small, and shalt make the hills as chaff.

2 Kings 13:7
Neither did he leave of the people to Jehoahaz but fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria had destroyed them, and had made them like the dust by threshing.

Amos 1:3
Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not turn awaythe punishment thereof; because they have threshed Gilead with threshing instruments of iron:

the fitches

Isaiah 27:7,8
Hath he smitten him, as he smote those that smote him?or is he slain according to the slaughter of them that are slain by him? …

Jeremiah 10:24
O LORD, correct me, but with judgment; not in thine anger, lest thou bring me to nothing.

Jeremiah 46:28
Fear thou not, O Jacob my servant, saith the LORD: for Iam with thee; for I will make a full end of all the nations whither I have driven thee: but I will not make a full end of thee, but correct thee in measure; yet will I not leave thee wholly unpunished.

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Isaiah 28
1.The prophet threatens Ephraim for their pride and drunkenness
5.The residue shall be advanced in the kingdom of Christ
7.He rebukes their error
9.Their unwillingness to learn
14.And their security
16.Christ the sure foundation is promised
17.Their security shall be tried
23.They are incited to the consideration of God's providence














Surely caraway is not threshed with a sledge
This phrase highlights the agricultural practices of ancient Israel, where different methods were used for processing various crops. Caraway, a delicate spice, required gentle handling. The sledge, a heavy tool used for threshing grains like wheat, would be too harsh for caraway. This reflects the wisdom and discernment needed in both agriculture and spiritual matters. The imagery can be seen as a metaphor for God's tailored approach to dealing with His people, applying the right amount of pressure and care according to their needs.

and the wheel of a cart is not rolled over the cumin
Cumin, like caraway, is a small and fragile seed. The use of a cart wheel, which was typically employed for more robust grains, would destroy cumin. This illustrates the importance of using appropriate methods for different tasks. In a spiritual sense, it suggests that God’s judgments and teachings are perfectly suited to each individual and situation. The precision in handling cumin can be likened to the precision of God's Word, which is described as sharper than any two-edged sword (Hebrews 4:12).

But caraway is beaten out with a stick
The use of a stick for beating out caraway indicates a gentler method of extraction, emphasizing care and precision. This can be seen as a metaphor for God's gentle correction and guidance. Just as a farmer knows the right tool for the job, God knows the right way to discipline and instruct His people. This reflects the biblical principle that God disciplines those He loves (Hebrews 12:6).

and cumin with a rod
The rod, slightly more forceful than a stick, is used for cumin, indicating a balance between gentleness and firmness. This can symbolize the balance in God's dealings with humanity, where He is both just and merciful. The rod is also a symbol of authority and correction in Scripture, as seen inPsalm 23:4, where the rod and staff comfort the psalmist. This suggests that God's discipline, though sometimes firm, is ultimately for the good of His people, leading them to righteousness.

Persons / Places / Events
1.Isaiah
The prophet who conveyed God's messages to the people of Judah and Jerusalem. He is known for his prophecies concerning judgment and redemption.

2.Judah and Jerusalem
The primary audience of Isaiah's prophecies, representing the Southern Kingdom of Israel during a time of moral and spiritual decline.

3.Agricultural Practices
The verse uses imagery from ancient agricultural practices to convey spiritual truths. Caraway and cumin are spices that require careful handling during the threshing process.
Teaching Points
Discernment in God's Discipline
Just as different crops require different methods of threshing, God uses various methods to discipline and refine His people. We must trust His wisdom in knowing what is best for us.

The Importance of Precision in Spiritual Growth
The careful handling of caraway and cumin illustrates the need for precision in our spiritual lives. We should be attentive to God's specific instructions and guidance.

God's Gentle Correction
The imagery of using a stick or rod rather than a sledge or cart wheel suggests that God's correction is measured and appropriate to our needs. We should be receptive to His gentle guidance.

Understanding God's Methods
Recognizing that God uses different methods for different people and situations can help us appreciate His unique work in our lives and the lives of others.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Isaiah 28:27?

2.How does Isaiah 28:27 illustrate God's wisdom in guiding our daily tasks?

3.What agricultural methods in Isaiah 28:27 reflect God's order in creation?

4.How can Isaiah 28:27's principles apply to our spiritual growth and discipline?

5.What other scriptures emphasize God's guidance in practical and spiritual matters?

6.How can we discern God's wisdom in our work, as seen in Isaiah 28:27?

7.What does Isaiah 28:27 reveal about God's wisdom in agricultural practices?

8.How does Isaiah 28:27 illustrate the importance of divine guidance in daily life?

9.Why does Isaiah use agricultural metaphors in Isaiah 28:27?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Isaiah 28?

11.What foods are mentioned in the Bible?

12.(Amos 1:3) Are there historical records confirming any “threshing” of Gilead by Damascus in the manner Amos describes?

13.Isaiah 5:26-30: How do references to foreign nations carrying out divine judgment align--or conflict--with similar themes elsewhere in the Bible?

14.If Isaiah 27:13 predicts a grand return of exiles, why are there no extra-biblical accounts confirming a major regathering at that specific time?
What Does Isaiah 28:27 Mean
Surely caraway is not threshed with a sledge

• Isaiah pictures a farmer’s common-sense care: the delicate caraway seed would be pulverized under a heavy iron sledge.

• Just as the farmer chooses his tool wisely, the Lord tailors His dealings with each heart (Isaiah 28:24-26;Psalm 103:13-14).

• The verse assumes the reader knows the practice is true—reinforcing Scripture’s trustworthiness in describing daily life.

and the wheel of a cart is not rolled over the cumin

• A cart wheel, useful for grain, would destroy the lighter cumin. The detail highlights God-given agricultural knowledge (Job 12:7-9).

• By extension, God never uses a “one-size-fits-all” approach; His judgments and mercies are perfectly fitted (Isaiah 27:8;1 Corinthians 10:13).

• He will not crush what He intends to preserve (Isaiah 42:3).

But caraway is beaten out with a stick

• A small stick shakes loose seeds without wasting them. Discipline can be firm yet measured (Proverbs 3:11-12;Hebrews 12:6-7).

• The farmer’s restraint mirrors the Lord’s: correction is purposeful, not destructive (Psalm 23:4).

• The image reassures the faithful that even hardship is handled with fatherly precision.

and cumin with a rod

• The rod is slightly heavier, matching cumin’s texture. Different crops, different tools—yet one wise farmer.

• Likewise, God’s methods vary, but His goal is uniform: a fruitful harvest of righteousness (James 1:2-4;John 15:2).

• The sequence of stick then rod suggests increasing strength only as needed, echoing His patient, progressive work in us (Philippians 1:6).

summary

Isaiah 28:27 uses everyday farming to reveal the Lord’s character: He is the expert cultivator who knows exactly how to handle each person and circumstance. Heavy instruments for sturdy grain, light touches for fragile herbs—so His discipline and guidance are always purposeful, proportionate, and aimed at a flourishing harvest among His people.

(27)For the fitches are not threshed . . .--Better,fennel seed,as before. The eye of the prophet passes from the beginning to the end of the husbandman's work. He finds there also the varying methods of a like discrimination. A man would be thought mad who threshed his fennel seed and cummin with the same instrument that he uses for his barley and his wheat. It is enough to beat or tap them with the "rod," or "staff," which was, in fact, used in each case. Interpreting this parable, we may see in the fennel and the cummin the little ones of the earth, with whom God deals more gently than with the strong. "Tribulation," as the etymology of the word (tribulum,a threshing instrument) tells us, is a threshing process. The lesson of the parable is that it comes to nations and individuals in season and in measure. The main idea is familiar enough in the language of the prophets (Micah 4:13;Habakkuk 3:12). The novelty of Isaiah's treatment of it consists in his bringing in the minute details, and drawing this lesson from them.

Verse 27. -For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing-instrument. TheNigella sativa is too lender a plant to be subjected to the rude treatment of a threshing-instrument, or "threshing-sledge." Such instruments are of the coarsest and clumsiest character in the East, and quite inapplicable to plants of a delicate fabric. Karsten Niebuhr thus describes the Arabian and Syrian practices: "Quand le grain dolt etre battu, les Arabes de Yemen posent le bled par terre en deux tangles, epis center epis, apres quoi ils font trainer par-dessusune grosse pierre tiree par deux boeufs. La machine dent on se sert en Syrie consiste enquelques planches garnies par-dessous d'une quantite de pierres a fusil" ('Description de l'Arabie,' p. 140).Neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin. The allusion is to aim the coarse mode of threshing practiced in Palestine and elsewhere, by driving a cart with broad wheels over the grain.But the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod. Canon Tristram says, "While the cummin can easily be separated from its case by a slender rod, the harder pod of theNigella requires to be beaten by a stout staff" ('Natural History of the Bible,' p. 445).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Surely
כִּ֣י(kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588:A relative conjunction

caraway
קֶ֔צַח(qe·ṣaḥ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7100:Fennelflower

is not
לֹ֤א(lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808:Not, no

threshed
י֣וּדַשׁ(yū·ḏaš)
Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1758:To trample, thresh

with a sledge,
בֶֽחָרוּץ֙(ḇe·ḥā·rūṣ)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2742:Incised, incisive, a trench, gold, a threshing-sledge, determination, eager

and the wheel
וְאוֹפַ֣ן(wə·’ō·w·p̄an)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 212:A wheel

of a cart
עֲגָלָ֔ה(‘ă·ḡā·lāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5699:Something revolving, a wheeled vehicle

is not rolled
יוּסָּ֑ב(yūs·sāḇ)
Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5437:To turn about, go around, surround

over
עַל־(‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921:Above, over, upon, against

the cumin.
כַּמֹּ֖ן(kam·mōn)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3646:Cummin (a plant grown as a condiment)

But
כִּ֧י(kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588:A relative conjunction

caraway
קֶ֖צַח(qe·ṣaḥ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7100:Fennelflower

is beaten out
יֵחָ֥בֶט(yê·ḥā·ḇeṭ)
Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2251:To beat off, beat out

with a stick,
בַמַּטֶּ֛ה(ḇam·maṭ·ṭeh)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4294:A staff, rod, shaft, branch, a tribe

and cumin
וְכַמֹּ֥ן(wə·ḵam·mōn)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3646:Cummin (a plant grown as a condiment)

with a rod.
בַּשָּֽׁבֶט׃(baš·šā·ḇeṭ)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7626:Rod, staff, club, scepter, tribe


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OT Prophets: Isaiah 28:27 For the dill are not threshed (Isa Isi Is)
Isaiah 28:26
Isaiah 28:28
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