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◄ Isaiah 2:19►

New International Version
People will flee to caves in the rocks and to holes in the ground from the fearful presence of the LORD and the splendor of his majesty, when he rises to shake the earth.

New Living Translation
When the LORD rises to shake the earth, his enemies will crawl into holes in the ground. They will hide in caves in the rocks from the terror of the LORD and the glory of his majesty.

English Standard Version
And people shall enter the caves of the rocks and the holes of the ground, from before the terror of the LORD, and from the splendor of his majesty, when he rises to terrify the earth.

Berean Standard Bible
Men will flee to caves in the rocks and holes in the ground, away from the terror of the LORD and from the splendor of His majesty, when He rises to shake the earth.

King James Bible
And they shall go into the holes of the rocks, and into the caves of the earth, for fear of the LORD, and for the glory of his majesty, when he ariseth to shake terribly the earth.

New King James Version
They shall go into the holes of the rocks, And into the caves of the earth, From the terror of the LORD And the glory of His majesty, When He arises to shake the earth mightily.

New American Standard Bible
People will go into caves of the rocks And into holes in the ground Away from the terror of the LORD And the splendor of His majesty, When He arises to terrify the earth.

NASB 1995
Men will go into caves of the rocks And into holes of the ground Before the terror of the LORD And the splendor of His majesty, When He arises to make the earth tremble.

NASB 1977
Andmen will go into caves of the rocks, And into holes of the ground Before the terror of the LORD, And before the splendor of His majesty, When He arises to make the earth tremble.

Legacy Standard Bible
Men will go into caves of the rocks And into holes of the ground Before the dread of Yahweh And the splendor of His majesty, When He arises to make the earth tremble.

Amplified Bible
They [the stricken, deprived of all in which they had trusted] will go into the caves of the rocks And into the holes of the ground [fleeing] From the terrorand dread of the LORD And from the splendor of His majesty, When He arises to terrify the earth.

Christian Standard Bible
People will go into caves in the rocks and holes in the ground, away from the terror of the LORD and from his majestic splendor, when he rises to terrify the earth.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
People will go into caves in the rocks and holes in the ground, away from the terror of the LORD and from His majestic splendor, when He rises to terrify the earth.

American Standard Version
And men shall go into the caves of the rocks, and into the holes of the earth, from before the terror of Jehovah, and from the glory of his majesty, when he ariseth to shake mightily the earth.

Contemporary English Version
You had better hide in caves and holes--the LORD will be fearsome, marvelous, and glorious when he comes to terrify people on earth.

English Revised Version
And men shall go into the caves of the rocks, and into the holes of the earth, from before the terror of the LORD, and from the glory of his majesty, when he ariseth to shake mightily the earth.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
People will go into caves in the rocks and into holes in the ground because of the LORD's terrifying presence and the honor of his majesty when he rises to terrify the earth.

Good News Translation
People will hide in caves in the rocky hills or dig holes in the ground to try to escape from the LORD's anger and to hide from his power and glory, when he comes to shake the earth.

International Standard Version
"They will enter caverns in the rocks and holes in the ground to escape the presence of the terror of the LORD, to escape the splendor of his majesty when he arises to terrify the earth.

NET Bible
They will go into caves in the rocky cliffs and into holes in the ground, trying to escape the dreadful judgment of the LORD and his royal splendor, when he rises up to terrify the earth.

New Heart English Bible
Men shall go into the caves of the rocks, and into the holes of the earth, from before the terror of the LORD, and from the glory of his majesty, when he arises to shake the earth mightily.

Webster's Bible Translation
And they shall go into the holes of the rocks, and into the caves of the earth, for fear of the LORD, and for the glory of his majesty, when he ariseth to shake terribly the earth.

Majority Text Translations

Majority Standard Bible
Men will flee to caves in the rocks and holes in the ground, away from the terror of the LORD and from the splendor of His majesty, when He rises to shake the earth.

World English Bible
Men shall go into the caves of the rocks, and into the holes of the earth, from before the terror of Yahweh, and from the glory of his majesty, when he arises to shake the earth mightily.

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
And [men] have entered into caverns of rocks, "" And into caves of dust, "" Because of the fear of YHWH, "" And because of the honor of His excellence, "" In His rising to terrify the earth.

Young's Literal Translation
And men have entered into caverns of rocks, And into caves of dust, Because of the fear of Jehovah, And because of the honour of His excellency, In His rising to terrify the earth.

Smith's Literal Translation
And they shall go into the caves of the rocks, and into the caverns of the dust, from the face of the fear of Jehovah, and from the splendor of his majesty in his rising to terrify the earth.

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
And they shall go into the holes of rocks, and into the caves of the earth from the face of the fear of the Lord, and from the glory of his majesty, when he shall rise up to strike the earth.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And they will go into the caves of the rocks, and into the caverns of the earth, from the presence of the dread of the Lord, and from the glory of his majesty, when he will have risen up to strike the earth.

New American Bible
People will go into caves in the rocks and into holes in the earth, At the terror of the LORD and the splendor of his majesty, as he rises to overawe the earth.

New Revised Standard Version
Enter the caves of the rocks and the holes of the ground, from the terror of the LORD, and from the glory of his majesty, when he rises to terrify the earth.

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
And the people shall go into the holes of the rocks, and into the caves of the earth, for fear of the LORD, and for the glory of his majesty, when he arises to conquer the earth.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And they shall enter into caves of stone and into holes of the dirt from before the awe of LORD JEHOVAH and from the excellence of his strength, whenever he rises to tread the Earth

OT Translations

JPS Tanakh 1917
And men shall go into the caves of the rocks, And into the holes of the earth, From before the terror of the LORD, And from the glory of His majesty, When He ariseth to shake mightily the earth.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
having carriedthem into the caves, and into the clefts of the rocks, and into the caverns of the earth, for fear of the Lord, and by reason of the glory of his might, when he shall arise to strike terribly the earth.

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

The Day of Reckoning
…18and the idols will vanish completely.19Men will flee to caves in the rocks and holes in the ground,away from the terror of the LORD and from the splendor of His majesty,when He rises to shake the earth.20In that day men will cast away to the moles and bats their idols of silver and gold—the idols they made to worship.…

Berean Standard Bible ·Download

Cross References

Revelation 6:15-17
Then the kings of the earth, the nobles, the commanders, the rich, the mighty, and every slave and free man hid in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains. / And they said to the mountains and the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the face of the One seated on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb. / For the great day of Their wrath has come, and who is able to withstand it?”

Hosea 10:8
The high places of Aven will be destroyed—it is the sin of Israel; thorns and thistles will overgrow their altars. Then they will say to the mountains, “Cover us!” and to the hills, “Fall on us!”

Luke 23:30
At that time ‘they will say to the mountains, “Fall on us!” and to the hills, “Cover us!”’

Revelation 9:6
In those days men will seek death and will not find it; they will long to die, but death will escape them.

Micah 7:17
They will lick the dust like a snake, like reptiles slithering on the ground. They will come trembling from their strongholds in the presence of the LORD our God; they will tremble in fear of You.

Isaiah 13:13
Therefore I will make the heavens tremble, and the earth will be shaken from its place at the wrath of the LORD of Hosts on the day of His burning anger.

Zephaniah 1:18
Neither their silver nor their gold will be able to deliver them on the Day of the LORD’s wrath. The whole earth will be consumed by the fire of His jealousy.” For indeed, He will make a sudden end of all who dwell on the earth.

Jeremiah 4:29
Every city flees at the sound of the horseman and archer. They enter the thickets and climb among the rocks. Every city is abandoned; no inhabitant is left.

Amos 9:3
Though they hide themselves atop Carmel, there I will track them and seize them; and though they hide from Me at the bottom of the sea, there I will command the serpent to bite them.

Isaiah 24:21-22
In that day the LORD will punish the host of heaven above and the kings of the earth below. / They will be gathered together like prisoners in a pit. They will be confined to a dungeon and punished after many days.

Revelation 16:20
Then every island fled, and no mountain could be found.

Isaiah 34:4
All the stars of heaven will be dissolved. The skies will be rolled up like a scroll, and all their stars will fall like withered leaves from the vine, like foliage from the fig tree.

Nahum 1:6
Who can withstand His indignation? Who can endure His burning anger? His wrath is poured out like fire; even rocks are shattered before Him.

Isaiah 42:15
I will lay waste the mountains and hills and dry up all their vegetation. I will turn the rivers into dry land and drain the marshes.

Isaiah 11:4
but with righteousness He will judge the poor, and with equity He will decide for the lowly of the earth. He will strike the earth with the rod of His mouth and slay the wicked with the breath of His lips.

Treasury of Scripture

And they shall go into the holes of the rocks, and into the caves of the earth, for fear of the LORD, and for the glory of his majesty, when he rises to shake terribly the earth.

and they

Isaiah 2:10,21
Enter into the rock, and hide thee in the dust, for fear of the LORD, and for the glory of his majesty…

1 Samuel 13:6
When the men of Israel saw that they were in a strait, (for the people were distressed,) then the people did hide themselves in caves, and in thickets, and in rocks, and in high places, and in pits.

1 Samuel 14:11
And both of them discovered themselves unto the garrison of the Philistines: and the Philistines said, Behold, the Hebrews come forth out of the holes where they had hid themselves.

earth.

Isaiah 2:10
Enter into the rock, and hide thee in the dust, for fear of the LORD, and for the glory of his majesty.

2 Thessalonians 1:9
Who shall be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power;

when he

Isaiah 30:32
Andin every place where the grounded staff shall pass, which the LORD shall lay upon him,it shall be with tabrets and harps: and in battles of shaking will he fight with it.

Psalm 7:6
Arise, O LORD, in thine anger, lift up thyself because of the rage of mine enemies: and awake for meto the judgmentthat thou hast commanded.

Psalm 18:6-15
In my distress I called upon the LORD, and cried unto my God: he heard my voice out of his temple, and my cry came before him,even into his ears…

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Isaiah 2

1.Isaiah prophesies the coming of Christ's kingdom
6.Wickedness is the cause of God's forsaking
10.He exhorts to fear, because of the powerful effects of God's majesty

Study Bible

Book ◦ Chapter

Men will flee to caves in the rocks and holes in the ground
This imagery reflects a common ancient Near Eastern practice where people sought refuge in natural formations during times of danger, such as invasions or natural disasters. The caves and holes symbolize a desperate attempt to find safety, highlighting the severity of the situation. This phrase echoes the fear and helplessness experienced during divine judgment, reminiscent of the fear described inRevelation 6:15-16, where people hide in caves from the wrath of the Lamb.

away from the terror of the LORD
The "terror of the LORD" refers to the overwhelming fear and awe that God's presence and judgment inspire. This phrase underscores the holiness and power of God, which is often depicted as a consuming fire (Hebrews 12:29). The terror is not merely emotional but is a response to the reality of God's righteous judgment against sin, as seen in other prophetic texts likeJoel 2:11.

and from the splendor of His majesty
The "splendor of His majesty" contrasts with the terror, emphasizing God's glory and sovereign authority. This duality of fear and majesty is a common theme in Scripture, illustrating the complexity of God's nature. The majesty of God is often associated with His kingship and divine rule, as seen inPsalm 96:6, where strength and beauty are in His sanctuary.

when He rises to shake the earth
This phrase indicates a divine intervention in human history, often associated with eschatological events. The shaking of the earth symbolizes a profound upheaval, both physically and spiritually, as God asserts His dominion. This concept is echoed inHaggai 2:6 andHebrews 12:26-27, where God promises to shake not only the earth but also the heavens, signifying the coming of a new order.

Persons / Places / Events

1.Men
Refers to humanity in general, highlighting the universal nature of the fear and awe inspired by God's presence.

2.Caves in the rocks and holes in the ground
Symbolic of places of refuge and hiding, representing the futility of trying to escape God's judgment.

3.The LORD
The covenant name of God, emphasizing His authority and power.

4.The Splendor of His Majesty
Describes the overwhelming glory and holiness of God, which causes fear and reverence.

5.When He rises to shake the earth
An event of divine intervention and judgment, illustrating God's active role in the world.

Teaching Points

The Inevitability of God's Judgment
God's judgment is certain and unavoidable. No human effort can hide us from His presence.

The Majesty of God
Recognize the splendor and majesty of God, which should inspire both reverence and humility in our lives.

The Futility of Human Refuge
Earthly refuges and securities are inadequate in the face of divine judgment. Our true refuge is in God alone.

Call to Repentance
The fear of the Lord should lead us to repentance and a right relationship with Him.

Living in Awe of God
Cultivate a lifestyle that acknowledges God's majesty and aligns with His will, avoiding complacency.

Bible Study Questions and Answers

1.What is the meaning of Isaiah 2:19?

2.How does Isaiah 2:19 illustrate God's judgment and its impact on humanity?

3.What actions should believers take to avoid the fate described in Isaiah 2:19?

4.How does Isaiah 2:19 connect with Revelation's depiction of God's final judgment?

5.What does "hide in caves" symbolize about human response to divine judgment?

6.How can Isaiah 2:19 inspire believers to live righteously in today's world?

7.What does Isaiah 2:19 reveal about God's judgment and human fear?

8.How does Isaiah 2:19 relate to the concept of divine retribution?

9.Why do people hide in caves according to Isaiah 2:19?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Isaiah 2?

11.What is the meaning of the Terror of the Lord?

12.What is the meaning of the Terror of the Lord?

13.Why does Isaiah 2:10–22 warn of a “day of the Lord” that would humble humanity, yet historical records do not clearly show a global cataclysm aligning with this prophecy?

14.Why do Isaiah 37:33-35 and parallel biblical accounts (e.g., 2 Kings 19) differ in describing Sennacherib's retreat and the exact nature of the Assyrian defeat?

What Does Isaiah 2:19 Mean

Men will flee to caves in the rocks

Isaiah pictures ordinary people, from the most powerful to the least, scrambling for any available shelter. Similar scenes show up inRevelation 6:15-17, where kings and commanders beg mountains to fall on them. FromGenesis 3:8-10 onward, the sinful heart’s instinct has been to hide from a holy God rather than repent. The image underlines how completely human self-confidence collapses when the Lord visibly intervenes.

And holes in the ground

Holes, crevices, even animal dens—nothing is too small if it offers a momentary refuge.Judges 6:2 records Israel hiding in caves when Midian oppressed them;1 Samuel 13:6 describes warriors squeezing into pits during Philistine threats. Isaiah shows that in the ultimate day of reckoning the entire earth becomes one big foxhole, yet none of those holes can shield a soul from divine presence.

Away from the terror of the LORD

“Terror” is not random fear but the awful realization that God’s righteous wrath is now active.Hebrews 10:31 reminds us, “It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.”Nahum 1:6 asks, “Who can stand before His indignation?” Isaiah’s contemporaries placed confidence in alliances and idols; the prophet says terror will dismantle every false refuge.

And from the splendor of His majesty

God’s glory is beautiful, yet to the unrepentant it blazes like consuming fire (Exodus 24:17).Isaiah 6:1-5 records the prophet himself undone by a single vision of that splendor.Habakkuk 3:3-6 pictures mountains shattering before the radiant King. The combination of beauty and unbearable purity drives rebellious hearts to seek cover rather than bow in worship.

When He rises to shake the earth

The phrase points to a specific, future intervention—“the day of the LORD” (Isaiah 2:12).Haggai 2:6 andHebrews 12:26-27 echo the promise that God will once more shake not only earth but also heaven, removing all that is temporary so only the unshakable remains. Earthquakes inRevelation 11:13 and 16:18-20 preview that cosmic upheaval. Isaiah assures us this is not poetic exaggeration; the Creator will literally rock the planet to expose every foundation other than Christ.

summary

Isaiah 2:19 paints a vivid, literal snapshot of the coming day when the Lord personally intervenes in cataclysmic judgment. People will abandon status and possessions, diving into any crevice they can find, because God’s holy presence will overwhelm every false security. The terror springs from His righteous wrath; the splendor comes from His radiant majesty. Both converge when He rises to shake the earth, fulfilling promises repeated throughout Scripture. The passage urges humble repentance now, while grace is offered, so that on that day we stand in joyful awe rather than frantic flight.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(19)And they shall go into the holes of the rocks.--The imagery of the earthquake in Uzziah's reign (see Note onIsaiah 2:10) is still present to Isaiah's thoughts. (SeeRevelation 6:15.)

When he ariseth to shake terribly the earth.--The Hebrew verb and noun have the emphasis of a paronomasia which cannot be reproduced in English, but of which the Latin "ut terreat terram" gives some idea.

Pulpit Commentary

Verse 19. -They shall go into the holes of the rooks, etc. (see ver. 10, which is an exhortation to do what this verse declares will be done). On the abundant caves of Palestine, see note on the former passage.To shake terribly the earth; literally, toaffright the earth. It is not said in what way he will affright it. The cognate Arabic verb has the meaning "to shake;" but it is not clear that the Hebrew one has ever this sense.

Parallel Commentaries ...

Hebrew

Men will flee
וּבָ֙אוּ֙(ū·ḇā·’ū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 935:To come in, come, go in, go

to caves
בִּמְעָר֣וֹת(bim·‘ā·rō·wṯ)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 4631:A cavern

in the rocks
צֻרִ֔ים(ṣu·rîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6697:A cliff, a rock, boulder, a refuge, an edge

and holes
וּבִמְחִלּ֖וֹת(ū·ḇim·ḥil·lō·wṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 4247:A cavern

in the ground,
עָפָ֑ר(‘ā·p̄ār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6083:Dust, clay, earth, mud

away from
מִפְּנֵ֞י(mip·pə·nê)
Preposition-m | Noun - common plural construct
Strong's 6440:The face

the terror
פַּ֤חַד(pa·ḥaḏ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6343:A, alarm

of the LORD
יְהוָה֙(Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068:LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

and from the splendor
וּמֵהֲדַ֣ר(ū·mê·hă·ḏar)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1926:Magnificence, ornament, splendor

of His majesty,
גְּאוֹנ֔וֹ(gə·’ō·w·nōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1347:Arrogance, majesty, ornament

when He rises
בְּקוּמ֖וֹ(bə·qū·mōw)
Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 6965:To arise, stand up, stand

to shake
לַעֲרֹ֥ץ(la·‘ă·rōṣ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 6206:To cause to tremble, tremble

the earth.
הָאָֽרֶץ׃(hā·’ā·reṣ)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776:Earth, land

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OT Prophets: Isaiah 2:19 Men shall go into the caves (Isa Isi Is)