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1 Kings 13:1
And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of the LORD unto Bethel: and Jeroboam stood by the altar to burn incense.

1 Kings 14:7-16
Go, tell Jeroboam, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Forasmuch as I exalted thee from among the people, and made thee prince over my people Israel, …

1 Kings 17:1
And Elijah the Tishbite,who was of the inhabitants of Gilead, said unto Ahab,As the LORD God of Israel liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.

multiplied.

Numbers 12:6
And he said, Hear now my words: If there be a prophet among you,I the LORD will make myself known unto him in a vision,and will speak unto him in a dream.

Joel 2:28
And it shall come to pass afterward,that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions:

Acts 2:17
And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall dream dreams:

used.

Hosea 1:2-5
The beginning of the word of the LORD by Hosea. And the LORD said to Hosea, Go, take unto thee a wife of whoredoms and children of whoredoms: for the land hath committed great whoredom,departing from the LORD…

Hosea 3:1
Then said the LORD unto me, Go yet, love a woman beloved ofher friend, yet an adulteress, according to the love of the LORD toward the children of Israel, who look to other gods, and love flagons of wine.

Isaiah 5:1-7
Now will I sing to my wellbeloved a song of my beloved touching his vineyard. My wellbeloved hath a vineyard in a very fruitful hill: …

ministry.

and multiplied their visions;
Visions were a common way God revealed His plans and purposes to the prophets. These supernatural experiences provided insight into God's will and future events. The multiplication of visions indicates the abundance and clarity of God's communication, ensuring that His messages were understood and disseminated. Visions often contained symbolic imagery, requiring interpretation, as seen in the books of Daniel and Zechariah. This method of revelation highlights God's desire to make His will known and His patience in repeatedly reaching out to His people.

I gave parables through the prophets.
Parables are simple stories used to illustrate moral or spiritual lessons. In the context of the prophets, parables served as a tool to convey complex truths in an accessible manner. This method of teaching is seen in the ministry of Jesus Christ, who frequently used parables to reveal the mysteries of the Kingdom of God (e.g.,Matthew 13). The use of parables by the prophets underscores the continuity of God's teaching methods and His desire for His people to understand and apply His truths. Parables often required reflection and discernment, encouraging listeners to engage deeply with the message.

“I spoke through the prophets” (Hosea 12:10) stresses that God used real men, at definite moments in history, to declare His literal words.

• This was God’s normal pattern: “In the past God spoke to our fathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways” (Hebrews 1:1).

• He did not leave His people guessing: “Surely the LORD GOD does nothing without revealing His plan to His servants the prophets” (Amos 3:7).

• Their messages carried divine authority, even when rejected; Elijah faced Ahab (1 Kings 18), Isaiah confronted Ahaz (Isaiah 7), and Hosea himself pleaded with an unfaithful nation.

•2 Peter 1:21 reminds us that “men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit,” underscoring inspiration and infallibility.

God “multiplied their visions,” piling message upon message so no one could claim ignorance.

• Visions were vivid, unmistakable revelations—think of Isaiah’s temple vision (Isaiah 6), Ezekiel’s throne-chariot (Ezekiel 1), or Daniel’s night visions (Daniel 7).

•Numbers 12:6 shows the pattern: “I make Myself known to him in a vision.”

• Multiplication speaks of patience: God repeatedly reached out, even when Israel chased idols (Hosea 11:2).

• Each vision added clarity: warning of judgment (Amos 7–8), offering hope (Zechariah 1–6), or unveiling future restoration (Ezekiel 37).

• Refusing multiplied visions hardened the people;Zechariah 7:11 says, “They turned a stubborn shoulder.” Hosea’s generation stood in that lineage of resistance.

Parables are stories with spiritual punch, and God “gave” them—He designed every image.

• Nathan’s lamb story exposed David’s sin (2 Samuel 12:1-7); Isaiah’s vineyard song unmasked Judah’s injustice (Isaiah 5:1-7).

• Ezekiel’s eagles and vine parable (Ezekiel 17) pictured covenant betrayal; Hosea’s own marriage acted as a living parable of God’s covenant love (Hosea 1–3).

• Parables pierce conscience while inviting reflection; Jesus later followed the same pattern, fulfilling “I will open My mouth in parables” (Matthew 13:34-35, citingPsalm 78:2).

• The Lord used this method to reach both heart and mind, offering mercy even while warning of impending exile (Hosea 10:5-8).

Hosea 12:10 shows a God who persistently communicates: He literally spoke, kept on revealing, and wrapped truth in stories. Every prophet’s sermon, vision, and parable echoed His covenant love and just warnings. Israel’s problem was never a lack of light but a refusal to walk in it. The verse calls us to listen carefully, respond promptly, and treasure every word He has preserved for us in Scripture.

(1) by Knobel to denote that the Divine revelation or inspiration descended on the prophets from heaven; but

(2) Kimchi explains it as equivalent toאִם, with; thus: "'Upon (עִל) the prophets ' is the same as ' with (אִם) the prophets,' as (inExodus 35:32), 'And they came both men and women [literally, 'men,עַלwith, or rather in addition to, women']. He (Jehovah) says, 'What could I do to you and I did not do it, so that ye should not forget me? And what did I do with your fathers? I spoke constantly with the prophets to admonish you from me, and I multiplied visions to you many days.'" The Authorized Version

(3) employs "by" as the equivalent ofעַל here. The pronounv'anoki is emphatic, viz. "I even I," as though he said, "I and not another;" while the preterit proves Jehovah to have continued his visions to the very moment at which the prophet speaks. To the wordאַדַמֶּה, . . .

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