But My righteous one will live by faith;This phrase echoes
Habakkuk 2:4, emphasizing the principle that righteousness is attained through faith. In the context of Hebrews, it underscores the transition from the Old Covenant, based on the law, to the New Covenant, centered on faith in Jesus Christ. The "righteous one" refers to those justified by faith, a concept central to Pauline theology, as seen in
Romans 1:17 and
Galatians 3:11. This faith is not merely intellectual assent but a trust that results in a transformed life, aligning with the teachings of Jesus and the apostles. The phrase also connects to the broader biblical narrative of faith exemplified by figures like Abraham, who "believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness" (
Genesis 15:6).
and if he shrinks back,
This part of the verse warns against apostasy, a theme prevalent in the book of Hebrews. The original audience, likely Jewish Christians facing persecution, might have been tempted to revert to Judaism to avoid suffering. "Shrinking back" implies a retreat from faith, a failure to persevere in the face of trials. This warning is consistent with the exhortations found throughout Hebrews, such as inHebrews 3:12-14, which cautions against an unbelieving heart that turns away from the living God. The cultural context of the early church, which often faced hostility and marginalization, makes this admonition particularly poignant.
I will take no pleasure in him.”
This phrase reflects God's response to those who abandon their faith. It echoes the language of divine displeasure found in the Old Testament, where God expresses sorrow or anger over Israel's unfaithfulness (e.g.,Psalm 147:10-11). The idea of God taking "no pleasure" in someone highlights the relational aspect of faith; it is not merely about adherence to doctrine but about maintaining a relationship with God. This aligns with the New Testament emphasis on faith as a dynamic, ongoing relationship with Christ, as seen inJohn 15:5-6, where abiding in Christ is essential for spiritual vitality. The warning serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from the faith, urging believers to remain steadfast.
Persons / Places / Events
1.
The Righteous OneRefers to believers who are justified by faith in Jesus Christ. This term is rooted in the concept of righteousness found throughout the Bible, emphasizing a life aligned with God's will.
2.
The Author of HebrewsTraditionally attributed to Paul, though the exact authorship is uncertain. The author writes to Jewish Christians facing persecution, encouraging them to persevere in faith.
3.
The RecipientsJewish Christians in the early church who were tempted to revert to Judaism due to persecution and hardship.
4.
HabakkukThe prophet whose words are quoted in this verse.
Habakkuk 2:4 is the original Old Testament source, emphasizing faithfulness amidst trials.
5.
FaithA central theme in both the Old and New Testaments, representing trust and reliance on God rather than on human efforts or understanding.
Teaching Points
Living by FaithFaith is not merely intellectual assent but a way of life. Believers are called to trust God in every aspect of their lives, especially during trials.
Perseverance in FaithThe temptation to "shrink back" is real, but believers are encouraged to stand firm. Perseverance is a mark of genuine faith.
God's PleasureGod takes pleasure in those who live by faith. Our faithfulness is a response to His faithfulness and love.
Faith and RighteousnessRighteousness is not achieved by works but is a gift received through faith. This faith transforms our lives and aligns us with God's purposes.
Warning Against ApostasyThe warning against shrinking back serves as a sober reminder of the consequences of abandoning faith. It calls for self-examination and commitment.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Hebrews 10:38?
2.How does Hebrews 10:38 encourage us to live by faith daily?
3.What does "My righteous one will live by faith" mean for believers today?
4.How can we avoid "shrinking back" in our spiritual walk?
5.Which other scriptures emphasize living by faith and not by sight?
6.How can Hebrews 10:38 strengthen our trust in God's promises?
7.What does "My righteous one will live by faith" mean in Hebrews 10:38?
8.How does Hebrews 10:38 relate to the concept of faith in Christianity?
9.Why is faith emphasized over works in Hebrews 10:38?
10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Hebrews 10?
11.How do Christianity and Judaism fundamentally differ?
12.What is the main message of Habakkuk?
13.(Habakkuk 2:4) How can “the righteous shall live by faith” be reconciled with other passages that emphasize strict adherence to the Law?
14.How is Jesus represented in each book of the Bible?What Does Hebrews 10:38 Mean
ButThe conjunction signals a contrast with the warning just given about willful sin (Hebrews 10:26-31).
• The writer pivots from judgment to encouragement—God has something different for those who belong to Him.
• This “but” mirrors earlier contrasts in Hebrews (e.g., 4:15; 6:9), showing that even amid sober warnings, God always provides a hopeful path.
• Cross reference:1 Corinthians 10:13—God “will also provide an escape, so that you can stand up under it”, underscoring His desire for perseverance, not destruction.
My righteous oneGod claims the believer as His own.
• “Righteous” speaks of those declared right with God through faith in Christ (Romans 3:22-24;2 Corinthians 5:21).
• The personal pronoun “My” stresses covenant relationship; believers are treasured possessions (1 Peter 2:9).
• Cross reference:Isaiah 43:1—“Do not fear, for I have redeemed you; I have called you by name; you are Mine”.
Will live by faithA direct quotation ofHabakkuk 2:4, also echoed inRomans 1:17 andGalatians 3:11.
• Faith is not merely the starting point of salvation; it is the ongoing means of life.
• “Live” covers:
– Daily dependence on God’s promises (Proverbs 3:5-6).
– Enduring trials with confidence (James 1:2-4).
– Looking forward to Christ’s return (Hebrews 9:28).
• Cross reference:Hebrews 11:6—“Without faith it is impossible to please God”, tying life and faith inseparably.
And if he shrinks backThe sober alternative: retreat under pressure.
• “Shrink back” pictures drawing away from open allegiance to Christ, whether through persecution, temptation, or apathy.
• Warnings in Hebrews reinforce the danger (3:12; 6:4-6; 10:26-27).
• Jesus’ own words echo the thought: “No one who puts his hand to the plow and then looks back is fit for the kingdom of God” (Luke 9:62).
• Practical signs of shrinking back can include:
– Neglecting fellowship (Hebrews 10:25).
– Silencing witness out of fear (Matthew 10:32-33).
– Returning to former sins (2 Peter 2:20-22).
I will take no pleasure in himGod’s attitude is clear: He delights in steadfast faith, not retreat.
• Divine displeasure is relational, not capricious; it stems from holiness offended by distrust.
•Psalm 147:11: “The LORD delights in those who fear Him, who hope in His loving devotion.” Faith brings pleasure; unbelief withdraws it.
•Hebrews 11:5-6 links God’s pleasure with walking by faith, using Enoch as an example.
• The statement underscores accountability: choices matter eternally (Matthew 25:21 vs. 25:30).
summaryHebrews 10:38 sets two paths side by side. God calls His “righteous one” to a life marked by continuous trust—resting in the finished work of Christ and pressing forward in obedience. Turning back, whether through fear or compromise, forfeits the Lord’s delight and invites judgment. The verse urges believers to plant both feet firmly in faith, confident that God takes pleasure in those who persevere.
(38)
Now the just shall live by faith.--The Greek text of this clause is not perfectly certain, but it is probable that the word "my" should be added, so that the translation of the verse will be as follows,
But my righteous one shall live by faith. In the Hebrew the first part of the verse is altogether different: "Behold his soul is lifted up, it is not upright in him; but the righteous shall live in (or,
by) his faithfulness (or,
faith)
."The first words seem to refer to the haughty Chaldean invader; the rendering of the last words is considered below. The Greek translation varies a little in different MSS.: "If one draw back, my soul hath no pleasure in him; but the righteous one shall live by my faithfulness" (or
possibly--not probably--"by faith in me"). In the Alexandrian MSS, the last words run thus: "But my righteous one shall live by faith" (or
faithfulness)
. It is clear, then, that in the passage before us the writer has taken the words as they stood in his text of the LXX., only changing the order of the clauses. Though the Hebrew word usually rendered faith in this passage occurs more than forty times in the Old Testament, in no other case has it this meaning, but almost always signifies faithfulness or truth. Here also the first meaning seems to be "by his faithfulness"; but the thought of faithful constancy to God is inseparably connected with trustful clinging to Him. Hence the accepted Jewish exposition of the passage seems to have taken the word in the sense of "faith." "My righteous one" will naturally mean "my righteous servant"--the man who will not be seduced into wickedness; he shall live by his faithful trust, for salvation and life shall be given him by God Himself. In this context the word righteous recalls-verse 36, "having done the will of God."
The transposition of the two clauses makes it almost certain that the "righteous one" is the subject of both: notif any man,but,if he (the righteous one)shrink back. The Genevan and the Authorised stand alone amongst English versions in the former rendering.
Parallel Commentaries ...
Greek
Butδὲ(de)Conjunction
Strong's 1161:A primary particle; but, and, etc.Myμου(mou)Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular
Strong's 1473:I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.righteousδίκαιός(dikaios)Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 1342:From dike; equitable; by implication, innocent, holy.oneὁ(ho)Article - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588:The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.will liveζήσεται(zēsetai)Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 2198:To live, be alive. A primary verb; to live.byἐκ(ek)Preposition
Strong's 1537:From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.faith;πίστεως(pisteōs)Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 4102:Faith, belief, trust, confidence; fidelity, faithfulness.andκαὶ(kai)Conjunction
Strong's 2532:And, even, also, namely.ifἐὰν(ean)Conjunction
Strong's 1437:If. From ei and an; a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.he shrinks back,ὑποστείληται(hyposteilētai)Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Middle - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 5288:From hupo and stello; to withhold under, i.e. to cower or shrink, to conceal.Iμου(mou)Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular
Strong's 1473:I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.{will take} noοὐκ(ouk)Adverb
Strong's 3756:No, not. Also ouk, and ouch a primary word; the absolute negative adverb; no or not.pleasureεὐδοκεῖ(eudokei)Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 2106:To be well-pleased, think it good, be resolved. From eu and dokeo; to think well of, i.e. Approve; specially, to approbate.inἐν(en)Preposition
Strong's 1722:In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; 'in, ' at, on, by, etc.him.”αὐτῷ(autō)Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 846:He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.
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NT Letters: Hebrews 10:38 But the righteous will live by faith (Heb. He. Hb) 
