Lexical Summary
sum or sim: To put, place, set, appoint, make
Original Word:שׂוּם
Part of Speech:Verb
Transliteration:suwm
Pronunciation:soom or seem
Phonetic Spelling:(soom)
KJV: X any wise, appoint, bring, call (a name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider, convey, determine, + disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out), mark, + name, X on, ordain, order, + paint, place, preserve, purpose, put (on), + regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set (on, up), shew, + stedfastly, take, X tell, + tread down, ((over-))turn, X wholly, work
NASB:put, set, make, made, placed, laid, place
Word Origin:[a primitive root]
1. to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
appoint, bring, call a name, care, cast in, change, charge,
Or siym {seem}; a primitive root; to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically) -- X any wise, appoint, bring, call (a name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider, convey, determine, + disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out), mark, + name, X on, ordain, order, + paint, place, preserve, purpose, put (on), + regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set (on, up), shew, + stedfastly, take, X tell, + tread down, ((over-))turn, X wholly, work.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origina prim. root
Definitionto put, place, set
NASB Translationappoint (9), appointed (9), assign (1), assigned (2), attached (1), bestowed (1), bring (1), brought (1), care* (2), changes (2), charge* (1), charged (1), charges (2), consider (4), consider* (6), considered* (2), determine* (1), determined (1), disguises* (1), establish (3), established (5), establishes (1), establishment (1), expected* (1), fasten (1), fix (1), formed and made (1), gave (2), give (7), grant (1), had (1), hunt* (1), impose (1), impress (1), impute (1), inflicted (1), insert (4), invoke (1), keeps (1), laid (19), lay (10), lay down (1), lays (1), leave (1), loaded (1), look* (2), made (45), make (67), makes (9), mark (3), named* (2), ordained (1), orders (1), paid (2), painted* (1), pay (1), pay attention (2), performed (3), place (15), placed (21), plant (1), prepare (1), preserve (1), put (123), puts (6), putting (2), really set (1), recite* (1), regard* (1), render (1), repaid (1), required (1), seized (1), seized* (2), serve (1), served (1), set (108), sets (3), shave* (1), shed (1), show (1), station (1), stationed (3), steadily (1), substitute (2), surely set (1), take (5), taken (1), takes (1), taking (1), throw (1), told* (1), took (3), transformed (1), treat (1), turn (1), turned (2), unobserved* (1), work (1), wrought (1).
Brown-Driver-Briggs
I. , :582 (compare Nö
ZMG xxxvii (1883), 532; Late Hebrew
designate, fix, Ecclus 45:5c; Ecclus 49:6; Phoenician , Assyrianšâmu. fix, determine; Sabeanset, set up, SabDenkmNo. 7, 1. 6 CISiv. 1; Arabic
(
) isinsert, sheathe, alsocompute; Ethiopic
:put, place; , Syriac
Old Aramaic ); —
Perfect3masculine singularGenesis 21:14 + (2 Chronicles 1:5 read Gi Be Kau Benz), suffixEzekiel 17:4 +,Ezekiel 7:20; 3feminine singular1 Samuel 19:13, suffixEzekiel 19:5;Ezekiel 24:7; 2masculine singularJeremiah 32:20 +; 3 pluralGenesis 40:15 +; 1 pluralIsaiah 28:15, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularExodus 4:11,Genesis 30:42 +,Job 23:6; jussive1 Samuel 22:15 +;Genesis 2:8 +; suffix2 Samuel 15:4,1 Kings 10:9; 2feminine singularIsaiah 51:23;1 Samuel 28:21 +,Ezra 8:17;Judges 12:3 Qr (Kt ); 2 masculine pluralGenesis 32:17 +,Exodus 22:24 +, etc.;Imperative masculine singularGenesis 24:2 +, etc.;Infinitive absoluteDeuteronomy 17:15 +, construct Deut 45:7 +,Job 20:4 +2 Samuel 14:7 Qr (Kt ),Isaiah 10:6 Kt (Qr ), etc.;ParticipleAmos 7:8 +, feminine singularIsaiah 51:10 (so read for ); pluralMalachi 2:2 +;pass.Numbers 24:21 (compare Di), Obadiah 4; feminine according to most2 Samuel 13:22 (van d. H. Kt), but see below;Psalm 56:9 Bae Buhl, but most Imperative masculine singular; —put, set (often ""
, q. v.), with accusative of person or of thing (expressed or implied):
put, set, in a place, +Genesis 2:8 (J), + accusative of locationGenesis 28:11 (E) + 5 t.+, with 2 accusative + location,2 Kings 10:8heads (in)heaps at (accusative of location), compareLeviticus 24:6 (); + Lev 40:15 (E), figurative of ,put his name,2 Kings 21:47 2Chronicles 33:7, compare with1 Kings 9:3;Deuteronomy 12:5 6t.; especially of receptacleGenesis 31:34 (E),Exodus 2:3 (E),Judges 6:19 + often; sackcloth on () loinsGenesis 37:34 (J),1 Kings 20:31, crown on headZechariah 6:11;Esther 1:17, shoes on feetEzekiel 24:17; hook, etc., in nose1 Kings 19:28 =Isaiah 37:29;Job 40:26, incenseDeuteronomy 33:10, i.e. cause thee () to smell it; feet in stocks (figurative)Job 13:27;Job 33:11; knife into throatProverbs 23:2 (figurative of self-restraint, Fl in De); words into mouthExodus 4:15 (J),Numbers 22:38 (E) + 8 t., +Deuteronomy 31:19 teach to say or sing; into heartJob 22:22, insert also1 Samuel 29:10 Th We Dr Kit Bu HPS; trust in GodPsalm 78:7; (guilt of) blood into houseDeuteronomy 22:8, compareJudges 9:24 ( person; so, withDeuteronomy 21:8;Jeremiah 26:15;Jonah 1:14); something into handExodus 4:21 (E), of wonders, i.e. enable hand to do them; elsewhere = take, of hammerJudges 4:21, booty1 Kings 20:6, so (figurative)take one's life ()into one's palm (i.e. risk it)Judges 12:3;1 Samuel 19:5;1 Samuel 28:21;Job 13:14; put eyes2 Kings 9:30 (see , compareIsaiah 54:11); ( =person),Psalm 66:9 (subject );set menat (the use of) implements2 Samuel 12:31 (probably, compare Dr HPS; > ()sawed them with, as ""1 Chronicles 20:3, Th We);1 Kings 2:5 ("" ) is dubious;L Klo Kit read ;charge somethingagainst ( person; properlyput in, i.e. attribute, impute, to)1 Samuel 22:15;Job 4:18; so, with personDeuteronomy 22:14, compare ( omitted)Deuteronomy 22:17;putAmos 7:8;Isaiah 63:11,Ezekiel 26:12.
put somethingupon ()Numbers 21:8,9 (E) + often; jewels, clothes, on personGenesis 24:17 (J),Genesis 41:42 (E),Leviticus 8:8 (P),Ruth 3:3, turbanZechariah 3:5 (twice in verse);Exodus 29:5 (P),Leviticus 8:9 (P), compare (preposition omitted)Job 24:15;Job 36:13 (figurative), girdleJeremiah 13:1,2, sackcloth1 Kings 21:27;Job 20:4 (of man's creation); of siege and siege engines, =against,Micah 4:14;Ezekiel 23:24;put, lay, upon (),2 Kings 4:29 +; handGenesis 48:18 (J) + 3 t., +upon mouth, in silenceJudges 18:19;Job 21:5, and aweMicah 7:16, so withJob 29:9,Job 40:4;Job 40:40, upon () head2 Samuel 13:19 (in despair, compareJeremiah 2:37); accusative of diseaseExodus 15:26 (J), so ( person)Exodus 15:26;Deuteronomy 7:16; figurative, spirit ()Numbers 11:17 (JE), nameNumbers 6:27 (P), dutyJob 37:15 (?), reproach1 Samuel 11:2,Psalm 109:5 ( Bae so, or , Hup Che);Songs 8:6 (simile), so, figurative, = remember, treasure up,Isaiah 42:25;Isaiah 47:7 ("" ), + 6 t., with2 Samuel 13:33;2 Samuel 19:20 ("" id.); with1 Samuel 21:13; compareExodus 17:14 (E), impress upon.
put, lay, set, with ,2 Kings 11:16lay (violent)hands on = 2 Chronicles 23:15;put endtoJob 18:2;Job 28:3; setJob 5:11;render glorytoJoshua 7:19 (J E; "" ),Isaiah 42:12;make covenantwith2 Samuel 23:5;set foodforGenesis 43:32 (J),2 Samuel 12:20, preposition omittedGenesis 43:31 (J), so, with1 Samuel 9:24;1 Samuel 28:22;2 Kings 6:22; elsewhereJudges 18:21, of precedenceGenesis 48:20b (E) :set laws (as authoritative)Exodus 19:7;Exodus 21:1 (both E),Deuteronomy 4:44; God (as moral ruler)Psalm 54:5;Psalm 86:14; alsoGenesis 31:37 (E),Ezekiel 14:4,7;Genesis 30:41 (J).
put, withJoshua 24:7 (E) + 5:t. (Ex 8:19 see p. 804), +Genesis 30:36 (J),Genesis 32:17 (E),put space between; withExodus 17:12 (E), + 3 t. (Obadiah 7 strike out We GASm Now and others) + in oathGenesis 24:2,9;Genesis 47:29 (all J);put, with location1 Samuel 6:11,15;1 Samuel 19:13 aHabakkuk 2:15, personJob 5:8commit unto; with of thingLeviticus 6:3 (P), of thingDeuteronomy 31:26 (P);1 Samuel 9:23lay up somethingwith thee, reserve it;put, withMicah 2:12put together = collect ("" ); without modifier1 Kings 18:23 (twice in verse);1 Kings 18:25;Ezekiel 30:21apply bandage ("" ).set, direct:
()Judges 7:22; figurativeextend compassion, personIsaiah 47:6.
direct (mind)toward, pay attention to, with1 Samuel 9:20;Deuteronomy 32:46;Ezekiel 40:4;Ezekiel 44:5b; withExodus 9:21 (J),1 Samuel 25:25;2 Samuel 18:3 (twice in verse);Job 2:3;Job 34:14 (Bu Du strike out and read ); withHaggai 1:5,7;Job 1:8; compl. omittedEzekiel 44:5aHaggai 2:15,18 (twice in verse);Isaiah 41:22;Judges 19:30 read perhaps for (or for ), see especially GFMHeb. Hpt.; omitted,Isaiah 41:20 ( + , , ), with personJob 23:6 (so Bu, who comparesJob 4:20;Job 24:12;Job 34:23, but all cases dubious); , with =intendDaniel 1:8 (object clause).
set face () toward (accusative of location)Genesis 31:21 (E), +Jeremiah 42:15 (twice in verse);Jeremiah 42:17;Jeremiah 44:12, compare2 Kings 12:18;Daniel 11:17; with ,toward oragainst (implying opposition)Ezekiel 6:2 5t. Ezekiel, withEzekiel 29:2;Ezekiel 35:2, with of directionEzekiel 21:2; with (figurative of oppos., subject ):Jeremiah 44:11, compareJeremiah 21:10;Ezekiel 15:7 ("" ),Leviticus 20:5 (P); with of thing (human subject)Daniel 11:18 Qr ( < Kt ); with person + of purpose1 Kings 2:15;set eyes () upon, with person = beholdGenesis 44:21 (J), = look after, take care ofJeremiah 39:12;Jeremiah 40:4,Jeremiah 24:6, butAmos 9:4.
set, ordain, with accusative of thingNumbers 24:23 ( > accusative of person Di).
set, establish a law, statute, + personExodus 15:25;Joshua 24:25 (both E), compareProverbs 8:29; + locationIsaiah 42:4;Psalm 78:5 ("" ), alsoPsalm 81:6;Jeremiah 33:25 +2 Samuel 20:19 ( for Ew We Kit Bu HPS, compare Dr);establish something as () lawGenesis 47:26 (J),1 Samuel 30:25 ( + person);establish bazaars (as a right), location,1 Kings 20:34;appoint a set timeExodus 9:5 (J),Job 34:23 (reading for GHBWr Bu), insert (perhaps)1 Samuel 13:8 so Dr Klo HPS ( > insert Th We Bu Kit, after Tagrum); a place, + personExodus 21:13;2 Samuel 7:10 =1 Chronicles 17:9, of thing1 Kings 8:21 ( + ).
set, found
,Isaiah 44:7 (several.),establish itPsalm 89:30 ().
set, appoint (as ruler, official) + person or of a people,Exodus 1:11;Exodus 5:14;Exodus 18:21 (all E),Deuteronomy 17:14,15 (3 t. in verse);Judges 11:11 ( + of office),2 Samuel 17:25 ( +instead of) + 6 t. +Genesis 47:6 (J; second accusative = ruler, expressed),2 Samuel 23:23 (), in ""1 Chronicles 11:25; also 2accusative + and locationPsalm 105:21; location2 Samuel 15:4; 2Chronicles 33:14,at the head of,Deuteronomy 1:13, 2accusative aloneSongs 1:6; with accusative of person + personGenesis 27:37 (E),Hosea 2:2;1 Samuel 8:5 ( + infinitive); + of titleGenesis 45:8,9;Exodus 2:14 ( + ; all E) + 4 t. +Judges 8:33 ( + person), +Ezekiel 44:8 (perhaps read Hi Sm Co and most); + of purposeHabakkuk 1:12; + of position, person1 Samuel 8:11; with accusative of office alone1 Samuel 8:12 ( + person), so CoEzekiel 21:27 a ( for , see below ),1 Kings 20:24 ( + ), compare 2 Chronicles 23:18, + , , of taskNumbers 4:19 (P);Job 7:20set me as ()mark for ()him.
set, constitute, make, with person or thing,Genesis 13:16 (J)I will make thy seed the dust,Genesis 32:13 (J)Genesis 48:20 (E),Deuteronomy 10:22;Hosea 11:8 16t. + (bad sense)Hosea 2:5;Nahum 3:6;1 Kings 19:2.
set, determine, fix, boundsJeremiah 5:22 (2 accusative)Job 38:5,33;Psalm 104:9; passivedetermined, settled, +2 Samuel 13:32 (but see II. );appoint, send, frogsExodus 8:8 (J), with accusative of person +against2 Kings 18:14.
set, station, at a post, etc., accusative of personJoshua 8:13 (JE), + location2 Kings 10:24;Jeremiah 9:7 5t., + adverb accusativeGenesis 33:2 (J), + locationJoshua 8:12, + (against) and locationJoshua 8:2 (both J E), + againstJudges 9:25 ( + location), + againstJudges 20:29,36; doubtful are1 Samuel 15:2 (with person),1 Kings 20:12 (twice in verse) (), where no object expressed (in MT); either an object has fallen out, or verb (in techn. Military sense), here intransitive or inwardly transitive (DlZK ii. 397forward ! take direction toward; compare also [on Sm] We Dr Löhr), or else is corrupt (compare HPSsm)
put in position, sacred bread, sword, staves, bars, with accusative1 Samuel 21:7;Ezekiel 21:27;Numbers 4:6,8,11,14 4t. P,Job 38:10; +Exodus 32:27 (E),Exodus 40:20 (P),Jeremiah 43:10,Esther 3:1; + (various modifiers) 8 t.;set in place,Job 34:13 (De and others), but context favours Bu; Du .
set up altars1 Kings 2:19;Jeremiah 11:13, stone as memorialGenesis 18:18 (J),Genesis 28:22 (E),1 Samuel 7:12 (compareGenesis 31:45 + ), image, etc.Judges 18:31 ("" ),Deuteronomy 27:15;1 Kings 12:29 ( location, "" ),2 Kings 21:7 ( location) = 2 Chronicles 33:7, comparePsalm 74:4;Isaiah 57:8 and, + location,Jeremiah 7:30;Jeremiah 32:34; rods before () cattleGenesis 30:41 (""Genesis 30:38), compareGenesis 30:42, guide-postsJeremiah 31:21, bed2 Kings 4:10 ( + person).
= plant, wheatIsaiah 28:25, treeIsaiah 41:19 ( location; "" ), slipEzekiel 17:5 ( by).
set, fix (countenance)2 Kings 8:11, so usually, but accusative omitted, and sense dubious; read perhaps (√ , compare e.g.1 Kings 9:8), so Klo Kmp Kit Benz.
make a thing, or person (accusative),for, transform into (),Joshua 6:18 (J) make camp ,Micah 1:6make Samaria ,Genesis 21:13,18; (E),Exodus 14:21 (JE),Micah 4:7 (both good sense),Isaiah 28:17;Isaiah 42:15,16 12t. Isaiah (Isaiah 25:2 read for Vrss. Comm.),Jeremiah 2:7 8t. Jeremiah, + 14 t. +Judges 1:28they made the Canaanites into the corvée;Psalm 85:14maketh his steps into a way (so RV Hup Che Dr, but meaning obscure; De Baeattend to the way of ( omitted); Schr Hup-Now read ); with 2 accusativeJoshua 8:28 (J),1 Samuel 11:11;Micah 1:7;1 Kings 5:23 (praegn. with location), + 29 t.
make, constitute, 2 accusative,1 Samuel 8:1;1 Samuel 18:13 ( + person)1 Samuel 22:7 (, of accusative; or < read ),Isaiah 3:7;Isaiah 60:17 6t., +1 Samuel 11:11form people in bands, compareJob 1:17 (one accusative,form bands), + (accusative of person omitted)Exodus 4:11b (J), compare (beast, in figure)Ezekiel 19:5; 2accusative and accusative + in same ver.,Isaiah 54:12I will make rubies thy prinnacles, and (transform)thy gates into carbuncles; in phrase of naming,2 Kings 17:34, compareJudges 8:31;Nehemiah 9:7; with ,Daniel 1:7,Daniel 1:7;make, fashion, with accusative of thing + personExodus 4:11a (J; subject); graveNahum 1:14 (but on text and meaning see Now BiSB Wiener Akkadian 1894, Abh. V); with accusativeIsaiah 43:19 ( location), compareEzekiel 21:24;Ezekiel 21:25 ( + infinitive);Psalm 50:23 is dubious, usuallyorder (one's)way, De Drprepare way (which), et., Gr Che for ;make name + person2 Samuel 7:23 =1 Chronicles 17:21;2 Samuel 14:7; make for, person (orgive to), with accusative of posterityGenesis 45:7 (E);1 Samuel 2:20 read probably We Kit Bu HPS, compare Dr;Ezra 10:44b is obscure, Gu-Batten strike out and read before , compare 3 Esdr 9:36 BeRy Ryle.
work, bring to pass, with accusative of thing, of s signs, etc., + locationExodus 10:2 (J),Jeremiah 32:20;Isaiah 66:19;Psalm 46:9;Psalm 78:43;Psalm 105:27.
appoint, give, accusative of thingNumbers 6:26 (P),Isaiah 61:3 ("" ; both with person); a pledgeJob 17:3 (""go surety for me, but read perhaps as object);Nehemiah 8:8giving understanding (making sense clear).
Perfect1singular consecutiveEzekiel 14:8, accusative of person + ,I will make him for a sign (< for van d. H., v ; Co Berthol Toy (Qal), Krae );Imperative feminine singularEzekiel 21:21, probably del as dittograph Co Krae after NöZMG xxxvii (1888), 530 ( > Bö Toy and others );ParticipleJob 4:20 =
() (Job 4:23b), but phrase dubious, and text perhaps corrupt, see Me Nöl.c.
Imperfect3masculine singularGenesis 24:33 Qr (Kt Ges§ 73f
)there was set before him ()to eat, compare OlMBAk. 1870, 389 Köi. 435, who read alsoGenesis 50:26he was laid in () a mummy-case (for ), Di (ed. 4.5.6) allows this.
(van d. H. Kt) perhaps ; —2 Samuel 13:32, so EwG iii. 234, H.172 (abbreviated from; or emendation ) We RSEncy. Brit.(9) DAVID Kit, compare Dr HPS.
[], (see Biblical Hebrew; for Persian influence on usage compare Scheft65); —
Perfect3masculine singularEzra 5:3 +, suffixEzra 5:14; 2masculine singular,Daniel 3:10; 1singularEzra 6:12; 3masculine pluralDaniel 3:12;Imperative masculine pluralEzra 4:21; —
make, accusative =make decreeDaniel 3:10;Ezra 6:1,12 + verb finiteEzra 6:8, + infinitiveEzra 4:21;Ezra 5:13 and (with person)Ezra 5:3;Ezra 5:9.
make, appoint, one's nameDaniel 5:12 (2 accusative), one to officeEzra 5:14 (2 accusative).
set, fix, accusativemind,Daniel 6:15 (c. infinitive); accusativeDaniel 3:12;Daniel 6:14pay due regard () to ( person).
3masculine singularEzra 4:19,from me a decree is made, soEzra 5:17;Ezra 6:8,11;Ezra 7:13,21;Daniel 3:29;Daniel 4:3;Daniel 6:27; literal 3feminine singular (read probably K§ 45, Beisp. 1.d))Daniel 6:18 (of stone, local).
be made: Imperfect3masculine singularEzra 4:24 (of decree, with agent.); 3 masculine pluralDaniel 2:5 subject of thing + noun predicatebe made into; ParticipleEzra 5:8 literallybe set, laid, of wood, of wall.
Topical Lexicon
General Scope and Emphasisשׂוּם occurs some 583 times, making it one of the most‐used action verbs in the Old Testament. It speaks of deliberate placement—physical, relational, judicial, covenantal, emotional, and spiritual. Whether describing the LORD’s sovereign acts or human responses, the verb anchors the narrative in purposeful order: nothing is random; everything is “set” by divine intention.
Foundational Uses in Torah
1. Creation and Fall
•Genesis 2:8 – “He placed the man He had formed” in Eden: humanity positioned for fellowship and stewardship.
•Genesis 3:15 – “I will put enmity between you and the woman”: the first gospel promise; God sets redemptive history in motion.
•Genesis 4:15 – “The LORD placed a mark on Cain”: protective justice amid judgment.
2. Covenant Structure
•Exodus 21:1 – “These are the ordinances you are to set before them”: Torah law is not suggested but established.
•Deuteronomy 4:8; 11:26; 30:15 – blessings and curses are “set” before Israel, demanding a covenant choice.
•Deuteronomy 17:15 – “You are to set a king over you whom the LORD your God will choose”: monarchy subordinated to divine selection.
Sacred Space and Worship
•Exodus 40:8 – the tabernacle court and furnishings are “set up” exactly as commanded, underscoring God’s holiness.
•Leviticus 24:6 – showbread “set in two rows” on pure gold: ordered worship reflecting heavenly reality.
•Numbers 35:2 – cities of refuge “set apart” to protect life and guard justice.
Leadership, Appointment, and Empowerment
•Genesis 41:33 – Joseph counsels Pharaoh to “set a discerning man over the land of Egypt,” paving the way for Israel’s preservation.
•Numbers 27:20 – Moses must “put some of your authority on him” (Joshua): transfer of leadership through deliberate bestowal.
•1 Samuel 8:5 – Israel asks Samuel to “set a king over us”: the tension between human desire and divine timing.
•Isaiah 42:1 – “I will put My Spirit on Him”: the Servant endowed for messianic mission.
•Ezekiel 34:23 – “I will place over them one Shepherd, My servant David”: eschatological installment of the Messianic ruler.
Judgment and Deliverance
•Exodus 10:1 – plagues are “set” upon Egypt to display God’s power.
•Deuteronomy 28:20 – curses “set” against covenant breakers.
•2 Kings 17:23 – the LORD “removed Israel from His presence” by exile, an enacted placement outside the land.
•Jeremiah 1:10 – the prophet “appointed” over nations “to uproot and tear down… to build and to plant”: prophetic ministry defined by placement.
Inner Life and Wisdom Literature
The verb frequently governs the heart, eyes, or mind, calling the reader to deliberate focus.
•Job 7:17 – “What is man, that You magnify him, or that You set Your heart on him?”
•Psalm 16:8 – “I have set the LORD always before me; because He is at my right hand, I will not be shaken.”
•Psalm 90:8 – “You have set our iniquities before You, our secret sins in the light of Your presence.”
•Proverbs 4:25 – “Let your eyes look forward; fix your gaze straight ahead.”
•Ecclesiastes 3:11 – God “has set eternity in their hearts,” stirring longing for ultimate meaning.
Prophetic Applications
Prophets employ שׂוּם to unveil God’s future actions:
•Isaiah 49:6 – “I will also make You a light for the nations.”
•Ezekiel 11:19 – “I will give them one heart and put a new spirit within them.”
•Zechariah 3:9 – “I will engrave an inscription on it… and I will remove the iniquity of this land in a single day.”
Each promise locates salvific hope in God’s decisive placement of grace.
Messianic and Eschatological Significance
By consistently “setting” kings, shepherds, and covenant terms, Scripture anticipates the ultimate act: the Father “setting” His Son as cornerstone (Psalm 118:22;Isaiah 28:16). The New Testament echoes the pattern (Acts 2:35;1 Peter 2:6), confirming the reliability of the Old Testament usage.
Frequently Paired Expressions
1. “Set your heart” (e.g.,1 Chronicles 22:19) – devotion.
2. “Set your face” (e.g.,Ezekiel 25:2) – prophetic resolve.
3. “Set before” (e.g.,Deuteronomy 30:19) – choice or testimony.
4. “Set a sign” (e.g.,Isaiah 66:19) – revelation.
5. “Set a boundary” (e.g.,Psalm 104:9) – limitation and protection.
Practical Ministry Insights
• Discipleship Pattern: Intentional placement mirrors intentional formation; leaders “put” truth before people (2 Timothy 2:2 reflects the principle).
• Pastoral Care: God’s ability to “set the lonely in families” (Psalm 68:6) undergirds community ministry.
• Moral Choice: Presenting life and death “set before” congregations calls for covenantal preaching, not mere suggestion.
• Worship Planning: Ordered, God‐given structures (as in the tabernacle) validate thoughtful liturgy.
• Missional Outlook: Isaiah’s “light for the nations” frames global evangelism as God’s strategic placement of His Servant’s people.
Selected Representative Passages for Study
Genesis 2:8; 3:15; 41:33
Exodus 21:1; 40:8
Leviticus 24:6
Numbers 27:18–20; 35:2
Deuteronomy 11:26; 17:14–15; 30:15–19
Joshua 4:6–7
1 Samuel 12:13
2 Samuel 7:10
1 Kings 8:30
2 Kings 17:23
Job 7:17
Psalm 16:8; 90:8; 132:11
Proverbs 4:25
Isaiah 42:1; 49:6; 60:18
Jeremiah 1:10
Ezekiel 34:23; 36:26
Zechariah 3:9
Summary
שׂוּם frames redemptive history as an ordered tapestry woven by the sovereign God who places, appoints, and pursues. Every instance—whether cosmic, national, communal, or personal—invites faith to rest in His deliberate design and to respond by “setting” the heart upon Him.
Forms and Transliterations
אֲשִֽׂימְךָ֖ אֲשִֽׂימְךָ֥ אֲשִׂימֵ֣ךְ אֲשִׂימֵ֨ם אֲשִׂימֶ֑נָּה אֲשִׂימֶ֑נּוּ אֲשִׂימֶ֖נּוּ אֲשִׂימֶֽנּוּ׃ אָשִֽׂים׃ אָשִׂ֔ים אָשִׂ֣ים אָשִׂ֤ים אָשִׂ֤ימָה אָשִׂ֥ים אָשִׂ֨ים אָשִׂים֩ אשים אשים׃ אשימה אשימך אשימם אשימנה אשימנו אשימנו׃ בְּשׂ֘וּמ֤וֹ בְּשׂוּם־ בְּשׂוּמ֣וֹ ׀ בְּשׂוּמִ֣י בְּשׂוּמִ֥י בשום־ בשומו בשומי הֲשַׂ֣מְתָּ הֲשַׂ֥מְתָּ הֲתָשִׂ֣ים הַשָּׂ֙מָה֙ הַשָּׂ֣ם הַשָּׂ֥ם הַשָּׂם־ הָשִׂ֣ימִי השימי השם השם־ השמה השמת התשים וְאָשִׂ֤ים וְאָשִׂ֥ימָה וְאָשִׂ֧מָה וְיָשִׂ֙ימוּ֙ וְיָשִׂ֤ימוּ וְיָשִׂ֥ימוּ וְיָשֵׂ֖ם וְיָשֵׂ֣ם ׀ וְיָשֵׂ֤ם וְיָשֵׂ֥ם וְלָשׂ֣וּם וְלָשׂ֧וּם וְנָשִׂ֤ימָה וְנָשִׂ֨ים וְשִׂ֖ים וְשִׂ֖ימוּ וְשִׂ֙מוּ֙ וְשִׂ֣ים וְשִׂ֥ים וְשִׂ֥ימוּ וְשִׂים־ וְשִׂימוּ֩ וְשַׂ֥מְתָּ וְשַׂ֧מְתְּ וְשַׂמְתִּ֖יךְ וְשַׂמְתִּ֖יךָ וְשַׂמְתִּ֙יהָ֙ וְשַׂמְתִּ֛יהָ וְשַׂמְתִּ֣י וְשַׂמְתִּ֣יהָ וְשַׂמְתִּ֣ים וְשַׂמְתִּ֤י וְשַׂמְתִּ֥י וְשַׂמְתִּ֥יהָ וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י וְשַׂמְתִּי֙ וְשַׂמְתִּיךְ֙ וְשַׂמְתִּים֙ וְשַׂמְתֶּ֖ם וְשַׂמְתֶּ֗ם וְשַׂמְתֶּ֞ם וְשַׂמְתֶּ֣ם וְשַׂמְתֶּם֙ וְשַׂמְתָּ֖ם וְשַׂמְתָּ֗ וְשַׂמְתָּ֛ וְשַׂמְתָּ֛ם וְשַׂמְתָּ֞ וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ וְשַׂמְתָּ֤ וְשַׂמְתָּ֥ וְשַׂמְתּ֖וֹ וְשָׂ֣ם וְשָׂ֥ם וְשָׂ֨ם וְשָׂמ֕וֹ וְשָׂמ֖וּ וְשָׂמ֣וּ וְשָׂמ֥וּ וְשָׂמָ֣הּ וְשׂ֣וֹם וְתָ֘שֵׂ֤ם וַאֲשִׂימֵ֖ם וַיְשִֽׂימְךָ֣ וַיְשִׂימֵ֙נִי֙ וַיְשִׂימֵ֥הוּ וַיְשִׂימֵ֨נִֽי וַיְשִׂימֶ֤הָ וַיְשִׂמֵ֖הוּ וַיְשִׂמֵ֣הוּ וַיְשִׂמֵ֥הוּ וַיְשִׂמֵ֥ם וַיְשִׂמֶ֜הָ וַיְשִׂמֻ֥הוּ וַיָּ֕שֶׂם וַיָּ֖שֶׂם וַיָּ֗שֶׂם וַיָּ֘שִׂ֤ימוּ וַיָּ֙שֶׂם֙ וַיָּ֛שֶׂם וַיָּ֜שֶׂם וַיָּ֣שֶׂם וַיָּ֣שֶׂם ׀ וַיָּ֤שֶׂם וַיָּ֥שֶׂם וַיָּ֧שֶׂם וַיָּ֨שֶׂם וַיָּֽשֶׂם־ וַיָּשִׂ֕ימוּ וַיָּשִׂ֖ימוּ וַיָּשִׂ֖מוּ וַיָּשִׂ֙ימוּ֙ וַיָּשִׂ֙מוּ֙ וַיָּשִׂ֛מוּ וַיָּשִׂ֜מוּ וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ וַיָּשִׂ֤ימוּ וַיָּשִׂ֤מוּ וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ וַיָּשִׂ֧ימוּ וַיָּשִׂ֨ימוּ וַיָּשִׂימוּ֩ וַיָּשֶׂם֩ וַתְּשִׂימ֗וּן וַתְּשִׂמֵ֛ם וַתָּ֖שֶׂם וַתָּ֙שֶׂם֙ וַתָּ֤שֶׂם וַתָּ֥שֶׂם וַתָּ֧שֶׂם וַתָּ֨שֶׂם וַתָּשִׂ֤ימִי וָֽ֝אָשִׂ֗ים וָֽאָשִׂם֙ וָאָשִׂ֖ם וָאָשִׂ֤ים וָאָשִׂ֤ם וָאָשִׂ֥ים וָאָשִׂ֨ימָה וָאָשִׂ֨ם וָאָשִׂימָה֩ וּלְשׂוּמֹ֥ו ואשים ואשימה ואשימם ואשם ואשמה וישימה וישימהו וישימו וישימך וישימני וישם וישם־ וישמה וישמהו וישמו וישמם ולשום ולשומו ונשים ונשימה ושום ושים ושים־ ושימו ושם ושמה ושמו ושמת ושמתו ושמתי ושמתיה ושמתיך ושמתים ושמתם ותשימון ותשימי ותשם ותשמם יְשִֽׂמְךָ֣ יְשִֽׂמְךָ֤ יְשִׂימָם֙ יְשִׂמֵ֥נִי יָשִֽׂים׃ יָשִֽׂימוּ׃ יָשִׂ֑ים יָשִׂ֑ימוּ יָשִׂ֔ים יָשִׂ֖ים יָשִׂ֛ימוּ יָשִׂ֣ים יָשִׂ֣ימוּ יָשִׂ֤ים יָשִׂ֤ימוּ יָשִׂ֥ים יָשִׂ֥ימוּ יָשִׂ֥ם יָשִׂ֧ים יָשִׂ֧ימוּ יָשִׂ֨ים יָשִׂים֙ יָשֵׂ֣ם יָשֵׂם֩ יָשׂ֣וּם ימו ישום ישים ישים׃ ישימו ישימו׃ ישימם ישם ישמך ישמני לְאִישִׁ֛י לָשֽׂוּם־ לָשׂ֗וּם לָשׂ֞וּם לָשׂ֣וּם לָשׂ֣וּם ׀ לָשׂ֤וּם לָשׂ֥וּם לָשׂ֨וּם לָשׂוּם֙ לאישי לשום לשום־ ם מִשֻּׂמ֥וֹ מִשּׂוּמִ֖י מֵ֝שִׂ֗ים משומי משים משמו מת נָשִׂ֣ימָה נשימה שִֽׂים־ שִֽׂימָה־ שִֽׂימוּ־ שִׂ֔ימוּ שִׂ֖ים שִׂ֚ימוּ שִׂ֣ים שִׂ֣ימָה שִׂ֣ימוּ שִׂ֤ים שִׂ֤מִי שִׂ֥ים שִׂ֥ימוּ שִׂים֩ שִׂים־ שִׂימֵ֨נִי שִׂימָ֣הּ שִׂימוּ־ שַׂ֖מְתְּ שַׂ֖מְתָּ שַׂ֙מְתִּי֙ שַׂ֠מְתָּ שַׂ֣מְתִּי שַׂ֣מְתָּ שַׂ֤מְתְּ שַׂ֤מְתִּי שַׂ֤מְתָּ שַׂ֥מְתְּ שַׂ֥מְתִּי שַׂ֧מְנוּ שַׂ֭מְתָּ שַׂמְתִּ֑יהָ שַׂמְתִּ֗יךְ שַׂמְתִּ֥יו שַׂמְתֶּ֖ם שַׂמְתֶּ֣ם שַׂמְתֶּ֤ם שַׂמְתַּ֣נִי שַׂמְתּ֔וֹ שָֽׂם־ שָֽׂמְךָ֙ שָֽׂמְךָ֞ שָֽׂמְתִּי׃ שָֽׂמוּ־ שָׂ֕ם שָׂ֖ם שָׂ֖מָה שָׂ֖מוּ שָׂ֚ם שָׂ֛ם שָׂ֝֗ם שָׂ֣ם שָׂ֣מוּ שָׂ֣מוּ ׀ שָׂ֤ם שָׂ֥ם שָׂ֥מוּ שָׂ֧ם שָׂ֧מוּ שָׂ֨מוּ שָׂם֩ שָׂם־ שָׂמ֗וֹ שָׂמ֣וֹ שָׂמ֣וּךָ שָׂמ֥וּ שָׂמִ֥ים שָׂמִ֨ים שָׂמַ֔תְנִי שָׂמַ֥נִי שָׂמַ֧נִי שָׂמָ֑תְהוּ שָׂמָ֔הוּ שָׂמָ֖הּ שָׂמָֽתְהוּ׃ שָׂמָהּ֙ שָׂמֻ֙נִי֙ שָׂמֽוֹ׃ שֽׂוּם־ שׂ֣וֹם שִׂים־ שׂוּמָ֔ה שום שום־ שומה שים שים־ שימה שימה־ שימו שימו־ שימני שם שם־ שמה שמהו שמו שמו־ שמו׃ שמוך שמי שמים שמך שמנו שמני שמת שמתהו שמתהו׃ שמתו שמתי שמתי׃ שמתיה שמתיו שמתיך שמתם שמתני תְּ֭שִׂימֵנִי תְּשִׂימ֣וּן תְּשִׂימֵ֖נוּ תְּשִׂימֵ֣נוּ תְּשִׂימֵֽנִי׃ תְּשִׂמ֤וּן תְשִׂימ֥וּן תְשִׂימֻ֖נִי תָּ֧שֶׂם תָּשִֽׂים׃ תָּשִׂ֑ים תָּשִׂ֔ים תָּשִׂ֔ימוּ תָּשִׂ֖ים תָּשִׂ֣ים תָּשִׂ֣ימוּ תָּשִׂ֤ים תָּשִׂ֥ימוּ תָּשִׂ֨ים תָּשִׂים֙ תָשִֽׂימוּ׃ תָשִׂ֖ים תָשִׂ֤ים תָשִׂ֧ימוּ תָשִׂ֨ימוּ תשים תשים׃ תשימו תשימו׃ תשימון תשימנו תשימני תשימני׃ תשם תשמון ’ā·śî·māh ’ă·śî·mə·ḵā ’ă·śî·mêḵ ’ă·śî·mêm ’ă·śî·men·nāh ’ă·śî·men·nū ’ā·śîm ’āśîm ’āśîmāh ’ăśîmêḵ ’ăśîməḵā ’ăśîmêm ’ăśîmennāh ’ăśîmennū ·mū aSim aSimah asiMech asimeCha asiMem asiMennah asiMennu bə·śū·mî bə·śū·mōw bə·śūm- besum bəśūm- besuMi bəśūmî beSuMo bəśūmōw hă·śam·tā hā·śî·mî hă·ṯā·śîm haś·śā·māh haś·śām haś·śām- haSamta hăśamtā haSimi hāśîmî hasSam haśśām haśśām- hasSamah haśśāmāh hassom hataSim hăṯāśîm lā·śūm lā·śūm- laSum lāśūm lāśūm- lə’îšî lə·’î·šî leiShi m mê·śîm mə·tā meSim mêśîm meta mətā miś·śū·mî miś·śu·mōw missuMi miśśūmî missuMo miśśumōw mu mū nā·śî·māh naSimah nāśîmāh śā·mā·hū śā·ma·nî śā·mā·ṯə·hū śā·māh śā·maṯ·nî śā·mə·ḵā śā·mə·tî śā·mîm śā·mōw śā·mū śā·mū- śā·mū·ḵā śā·mu·nî sam śām śām- śam·nū śam·tā śam·ta·nî śam·tem śam·tî śam·tî·hā śam·tîḵ śam·tîw śam·tōw Samah śāmāh saMahu śāmāhū saMani śāmanî saMatehu śāmāṯəhū saMatni śāmaṯnî sameCha śāməḵā Sameti śāmətî saMim śāmîm Samnu śamnū saMo śāmōw samt śamt Samta śamtā samTani śamtanî samTem śamtem samti śamtî samTich samTiha śamtîhā śamtîḵ samTiv śamtîw samTo śamtōw saMu śāmū śāmū- saMucha śāmūḵā saMuni śāmunî śî·māh śî·māh- śî·mê·nî śi·mî śî·mū śî·mū- sim śîm śîm- siMah śîmāh śîmāh- siMeni śîmênî Simi śimî Simu śîmū śîmū- śō·wm Som śōwm śū·māh sum śūm- suMah śūmāh tā·śem tā·śî·mū ṯā·śî·mū tā·śîm ṯā·śîm Tasem tāśem taSim tāśîm ṯāśîm taSimu tāśîmū ṯāśîmū tə·śî·mê·nî tə·śî·mê·nū ṯə·śî·mu·nî tə·śi·mūn tə·śî·mūn ṯə·śî·mūn Tesimeni təśîmênî tesiMenu təśîmênū tesiMun təśimūn təśîmūn ṯəśîmūn tesiMuni ṯəśîmunî ū·lə·śū·mōw ulesuMo ūləśūmōw vaaSim vaaSimah vaasiMem vaiYasem vaiyaSimu vatTasem vattaSimi vattesiMem vattesiMun vaysimeCha vaysiMeha vaysiMehu vaysiMem vaysiMeni vaysiMuhu veaSim veaSimah velaSum venaSim venaSimah veSam vesaMah vesaMo veSamt vesamTa vesamTam vesamTem vesamTi vesamtiCh vesamTicha vesamTiha vesamTim vesamTo vesaMu veSim vesiMu veSom veTaSem veyaSem veyaSimu wā’āśim wā’āśîm wā’āśîmāh wa’ăśîmêm wā·’ā·śî·māh wa·’ă·śî·mêm wā·’ā·śim wā·’ā·śîm wat·tā·śem wat·tā·śî·mî wat·tə·śi·mêm wat·tə·śî·mūn wattāśem wattāśîmî wattəśimêm wattəśîmūn way·śi·me·hā way·śî·me·hā way·śi·mê·hū way·śî·mê·hū way·śî·mə·ḵā way·śî·mê·nî way·śi·mêm way·śi·mu·hū way·yā·śem way·yā·śem- way·yā·śi·mū way·yā·śî·mū wayśimehā wayśîmehā wayśimêhū wayśîmêhū wayśîməḵā wayśimêm wayśîmênî wayśimuhū wayyāśem wayyāśem- wayyāśimū wayyāśîmū wə’āśîm wə’āśimāh wə’āśîmāh wə·’ā·śi·māh wə·’ā·śî·māh wə·’ā·śîm wə·lā·śūm wə·nā·śî·māh wə·nā·śîm wə·śā·māh wə·śā·mōw wə·śā·mū wə·śām wə·śam·tā wə·śam·tām wə·śam·tem wə·śam·tî wə·śam·tî·hā wə·śam·tî·ḵā wə·śam·tîḵ wə·śam·tîm wə·śam·tōw wə·śamt wə·śi·mū wə·śî·mū wə·śîm wə·śîm- wə·śō·wm wə·ṯā·śêm wə·yā·śêm wə·yā·śî·mū wəlāśūm wənāśîm wənāśîmāh wəśām wəśāmāh wəśāmōw wəśamt wəśamtā wəśamtām wəśamtem wəśamtî wəśamtîhā wəśamtîḵ wəśamtîḵā wəśamtîm wəśamtōw wəśāmū wəśîm wəśîm- wəśimū wəśîmū wəśōwm wəṯāśêm wəyāśêm wəyāśîmū yā·śêm yā·śî·mū yā·śim yā·śîm yā·śūm yaSem yāśêm yaSim yāśim yāśîm yaSimu yāśîmū yaSum yāśūm yə·śî·mām yə·śi·mê·nî yə·śim·ḵā yesiMam yəśîmām yesimCha yesiMeni yəśimênî yəśimḵā
Links
Interlinear Greek •
Interlinear Hebrew •
Strong's Numbers •
Englishman's Greek Concordance •
Englishman's Hebrew Concordance •
Parallel Texts
