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Original Word:קָרוֹב
Part of Speech:Adjective
Transliteration:qarowb
Pronunciation:kah-ROVE
Phonetic Spelling:(kaw-robe')
KJV: allied, approach, at hand, + any of kin, kinsfold(-sman), (that is) near (of kin), neighbour, (that is) next, (them that come) nigh (at hand), more ready, short(-ly)
NASB:near, nearest, close, neighbors, soon, who are near, about
Word Origin:[fromH7126 (קָרַב - offer)]

1. near (in place, kindred or time)

allied, approach, at hand, any of kin, that is near of kin, neighbor, that is next,

Or qarob {kaw-robe'}; fromqarab; near (in place, kindred or time) -- allied, approach, at hand, + any of kin, kinsfold(-sman), (that is) near (of kin), neighbour, (that is) next, (them that come) nigh (at hand), more ready, short(-ly).

see HEBREWqarab

Word Origin
fromqarab
Definition
near
NASB Translation
about (1), close (2), close relative (1), closer (1), draws near (1), hand (1), kinsmen (1), lately (1), near (47), nearby (1), nearest (6), neighbors (2), ones near (1), related (1), relative (1), relatives (1), short (1), shortly (1), soon (2), who are near (2), who is near (1).

,₇₈

; — absoluteExodus 12:4 +, -2 Samuel 19:48 +; plural1 Kings 8:59,Isaiah 33:13 +; feminine pluralEzekiel 22:5, etc.; —near (often opposed to ) :

Genesis 19:20 (+ ),Jeremiah 48:24,Deuteronomy 21:3the nearest (+), compare (of elders)Deuteronomy 21:6; of land1 Kings 8:46 2Chronicles 6:36; roadExodus 13:17; = contiguous,1 Kings 21:2 (+ ).

+ personGenesis 45:10;Deuteronomy 13:8;Deuteronomy 22:2;Joshua 9:16;1 Chronicles 12:41 (van d. H. v40);Exodus 12:4the nearest to; with suffixExodus 32:27, i.e.his neighbour.

absolute (opposed to or + , oft,=near and far, i.e. all without distinction),Ezekiel 6:12;Isaiah 57:19;Proverbs 27:10; pluralIsaiah 33:13;Jeremiah 25:26;Daniel 9:7;Esther 9:20;Exodus 22:5; of distress, personified,Psalm 22:12.; —Ezekiel 23:5,12 Co Berthol readfamous; Toy (compareJeremiah 39:13); Hpt in Toy Krae conjectures (Assyrian‡urâ du,warrior).

, + person2 SamJeremiah 19:43;Leviticus 21:2,3;Leviticus 25:25 (all H),Numbers 27:11 (P); persNehemiah 13:4;Ruth 2:20; + compareRuth 3:12; of intimacy,Psalm 15:3 ("" ),Job 19:14 ("" )Psalm 38:12 ("" );near, in office,Esther 1:14.

near toPsalm 148:14 (Ri Baethe people of those near him).

near to in ceremon function, withEzekiel 43:19, withEzekiel 42:13, suffixLeviticus 10:3.

(), + personDeuteronomy 4:7;Deuteronomy 30:14; persPsalm 34:19;Psalm 145:18; absJeremiah 12:2;Isaiah 50:8;Isaiah 55:6Psalm 119:151;Jeremiah 23:23a God from near by (opposed to ); ofIsaiah 51:5,Psalm 85:10 (+ of person); —Psalm 75:2, read Dy Che Gr Dr, compare Bae SyeVer Du.

, + personDeuteronomy 30:14; prayer, +1 Kings 8:59.

Deuteronomy 32:35; especially ofZephaniah 1:7,14 (twice in verse);Ezekiel 30:3 (perhaps del as Co Krae),Ezekiel 30:3;Isaiah 13:6; Obadiah 15;Joel 1:15;Joel 2:1; Joel 4:14, compareEzekiel 7:7; + infinitiveJeremiah 48:16, compareIsaiah 13:22;Isaiah 56:1;Proverbs 10:14imminent ruin;Deuteronomy 32:17recently, soEzekiel 11:3 Co Siegf Berthol (for Mt )Ezekiel 7:8soon;Job 20:5of the briefest; —Job 17:12 is dubious; Thes (my)light is near to (prope abest a, as Arabic, but not proven in Hebrew)darkness; Dilight (they say)is near (breaking away)from darkness, will soon leave it behind; Butthe light of their intimate friend shall not (?)grow dark.

General Scope of קָרוֹב (qarov)

The term signifies nearness in place, time, relation, or condition. Scripture employs it to describe physical proximity, impending events, familial kinship, and spiritual closeness between the LORD and His people.

Categories of Usage

1. Spatial proximity: “Joshua and all Israel drew near to them in battle” (Joshua 8:11).
2. Temporal imminence: “Wail, for the Day of the LORD is near” (Isaiah 13:6).
3. Relational kinship: “Boaz is one of our close relatives” (Ruth 2:20).
4. Covenant-spiritual nearness: “You are near, O LORD” (Psalm 119:151).

The Nearness of God

•Psalm 34:18 – “The LORD is near to the brokenhearted; He saves the contrite in spirit.”
•Psalm 145:18 – “The LORD is near to all who call on Him, to all who call out to Him in truth.”

These declarations anchor Israel’s confidence that God is never remote from repentant believers, prefiguring the New Testament assurance that He “is not far from any one of us” (Acts 17:27).

The Nearness of His Word

Deuteronomy 30:14 celebrates a gracious accessibility: “But the word is very near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart, so that you may obey it.” Paul later cites this text inRomans 10:8 to proclaim the ready availability of the gospel.

The Nearness of Salvation and Judgment

Prophets use קָרוֹב to announce both hope and warning:
• Salvation: “He who vindicates Me is near” (Isaiah 50:8).
• Judgment: “For the Day of the LORD is near for all nations” (Obadiah 1:15; cf.Joel 1:15;Zephaniah 1:7;Ezekiel 30:3).

The immediacy presses hearers toward repentance and faith, underscoring divine justice and mercy.

Covenantal Kinship and Redemption

In relational contexts קָרוֹב identifies the “near” family member:
•Ruth 2:20 – Naomi blesses the LORD for providing a “close relative” (Boaz), foreshadowing Christ as the ultimate Kinsman-Redeemer.
•Leviticus 18:6 regulates sexual purity among “close relatives,” guarding covenant holiness.

The same proximity that enables redemption also calls for moral boundaries.

Neighbor and Community Life

Proverbs 27:10 exhorts: “Better a neighbor nearby than a brother far away.” Social ethics value immediate, reliable support, reflecting God’s design for communal care.

Contrasting Lip and Heart

Jeremiah laments hypocrisy: “You are near in their mouths but far from their hearts” (Jeremiah 12:2). Authentic worship must align confession with true devotion.

Worship and Priestly Approach

Numbers 16:10 uses קָרוֹב of Levites “drawing near to the LORD” in tabernacle service, prefiguring believers’ priestly access through Christ (Hebrews 10:22).

Eschatological Perspective

The prophets’ refrain that “the day is near” cultivates vigilant hope. The imminence theme carries into the New Testament urgency of Christ’s return (James 5:8).

Pastoral and Ministry Implications

• Encourage faith: God’s nearness comforts the oppressed and contrite.
• Urge readiness: Impending judgment demands continual repentance.
• Foster community: Near neighbors and kin embody God’s provision.
• Model worship: Priestly nearness inspires reverent service and holiness.

Representative References

Exodus 32:26;Leviticus 18:6;Numbers 32:17;Deuteronomy 4:7;Deuteronomy 30:14;Joshua 8:11;Ruth 2:20;1 Kings 8:46;Ezra 9:7;Nehemiah 13:4;Job 17:12;Psalm 34:18;Psalm 73:28;Psalm 119:151;Psalm 145:18;Proverbs 10:14;Proverbs 27:10;Isaiah 13:6;Isaiah 50:8;Jeremiah 12:2;Ezekiel 30:3;Joel 1:15;Obadiah 1:15;Zephaniah 1:7.

See Also

Hebrew רָחוֹק (rahoq, “far”), Greek ἐγγύς (engys, “near”).

בְקָר֖וֹב בִּקְרֹבַ֣י בקרבי בקרוב הַקְּרֹב֛וֹת הַקְּרֹבִ֖ים הַקְּרֹבִ֣ים הַקְּרֹבִ֤ים הַקְּרֹבָ֖ה הַקְּרוֹבִ֖ים הַקְּרוֹבָ֣ה הַקָּרֹ֖ב הַקָּרֹ֣ב הַקָּרֹ֥ב הקרב הקרבה הקרבות הקרבים הקרובה הקרובים וְגַ֣ם וְהַקְּרֹבֽוֹת׃ וְהַקָּרֹ֣ב וְהַקָּרוֹב֙ וְלַקָּר֛וֹב וְקָר֣וֹב וְקָר֤וֹב וְקָר֥וֹב וּ֝קְרוֹבַ֗י וגם והקרב והקרבות׃ והקרוב ולקרוב וקרוב וקרובי מִקָּר֑וֹב מִקָּר֗וֹב מִקָּרֹ֛ב מִקָּרֹ֣ב מקרב מקרוב קְרֹֽבוֹ׃ קְרֹב֗וֹ קְרֹבִ֣ים קְרֹבִ֥ים קְרֹבִים֙ קְרֹבָ֛ה קְרֹבָֽה׃ קְרֹבֽוֹ׃ קְרוֹבִ֖ים קְרוֹבִ֥ים קְרוֹבִֽים׃ קְרוֹבָ֑ה קְרוֹבָ֑י קְרוֹבָ֤ה קְרוֹבָֽה׃ קָ֝ר֗וֹב קָר֑וֹב קָר֖וֹב קָר֛וֹב קָר֣וֹב קָר֤וֹב קָר֥וֹב קָרֽוֹב׃ קָרוֹב֙ קרבה קרבה׃ קרבו קרבו׃ קרבים קרוב קרוב׃ קרובה קרובה׃ קרובי קרובים קרובים׃ ḇə·qā·rō·wḇ ḇəqārōwḇ bikroVai biq·rō·ḇay biqrōḇay hakkaRo hakkeroVah hakkeroVim hakkeroVot haq·qā·rōḇ haq·qə·rō·ḇāh haq·qə·rō·ḇîm haq·qə·rō·ḇō·wṯ haq·qə·rō·w·ḇāh haq·qə·rō·w·ḇîm haqqārōḇ haqqərōḇāh haqqərōḇîm haqqərōḇōwṯ haqqərōwḇāh haqqərōwḇîm karOv keRoov keroVah keroVai keroVim keroVo mikkaRo mikkaRov miq·qā·rō·wḇ miq·qā·rōḇ miqqārōḇ miqqārōwḇ qā·rō·wḇ qārōwḇ qə·rō·ḇāh qə·rō·ḇîm qə·rō·ḇōw qə·rō·w·ḇāh qə·rō·w·ḇāy qə·rō·w·ḇîm qərōḇāh qərōḇîm qərōḇōw qərōwḇāh qərōwḇāy qərōwḇîm ū·qə·rō·w·ḇay ukroVai ūqərōwḇay veGam vehakkaRo vehakkarOv vehakkeroVot vekaRov velakkaRov wə·ḡam wə·haq·qā·rō·wḇ wə·haq·qā·rōḇ wə·haq·qə·rō·ḇō·wṯ wə·laq·qā·rō·wḇ wə·qā·rō·wḇ wəḡam wəhaqqārōḇ wəhaqqārōwḇ wəhaqqərōḇōwṯ wəlaqqārōwḇ wəqārōwḇInterlinear Greek •Interlinear Hebrew •Strong's Numbers •Englishman's Greek Concordance •Englishman's Hebrew Concordance •Parallel Texts

Genesis 19:20
HEB:הָעִ֨יר הַזֹּ֧את קְרֹבָ֛ה לָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה
NAS: townis near [enough] to flee
KJV: Behold now, this city[is] near to flee
INT: town likewiseis near flee there

Genesis 45:10
HEB:גֹּ֗שֶׁן וְהָיִ֤יתָ קָרוֹב֙ אֵלַ֔י אַתָּ֕ה
NAS: of Goshen,and you shall be near me, you and your children
KJV: of Goshen,and thou shalt be near unto me, thou, and thy children,
INT: of Goshen becomeshall be near about you

Exodus 12:4
HEB:ה֗וּא וּשְׁכֵנ֛וֹ הַקָּרֹ֥ב אֶל־ בֵּית֖וֹ
NAS: then he and his neighbornearest to his house
KJV: let him and his neighbournext unto his house
INT: he and his neighbornearest to his house

Exodus 13:17
HEB:פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כִּ֥י קָר֖וֹב ה֑וּא כִּ֣י ׀
NAS: even thoughit was near; for God said,
KJV: althoughthat [was] near; for God
INT: of the Philistines evennear he though

Exodus 32:27
HEB:וְאִ֥ישׁ אֶת־ קְרֹבֽוֹ׃
KJV: and every manhis neighbour.
INT: his friend manhis neighbour

Leviticus 10:3
HEB:יְהוָ֤ה ׀ לֵאמֹר֙ בִּקְרֹבַ֣י אֶקָּדֵ֔שׁ וְעַל־
NAS: By those who comenear Me I will be treated as holy,
KJV: I will be sanctifiedin them that come nigh me, and before
INT: the LORD sayingnear will be treated and

Leviticus 21:2
HEB:אִם־ לִשְׁאֵר֔וֹ הַקָּרֹ֖ב אֵלָ֑יו לְאִמּ֣וֹ
NAS: for his relativeswho are nearest to him, his mother
KJV: But for his kin,that is near unto him, [that is], for his mother,
INT: for his relativesare nearest to him his mother

Leviticus 21:3
HEB:וְלַאֲחֹת֤וֹ הַבְּתוּלָה֙ הַקְּרוֹבָ֣ה אֵלָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר
NAS: sister,who is near to him because
KJV: a virgin,that is nigh unto him, which hath had no husband;
INT: sister his virginis near to him because

Leviticus 25:25
HEB:וּבָ֤א גֹֽאֲלוֹ֙ הַקָּרֹ֣ב אֵלָ֔יו וְגָאַ֕ל
NAS: part of his property,then his nearest kinsman
KJV: away [some] of his possession,and if any of his kin come
INT: come kinsmanhis nearest and buy

Numbers 24:17
HEB:אֲשׁוּרֶ֖נּוּ וְלֹ֣א קָר֑וֹב דָּרַ֨ךְ כּוֹכָ֜ב
NAS: I beholdhim, but not near; A star
KJV: him, but not now: I shall beholdhim, but not nigh: there shall come
INT: behold notnear shall come A star

Numbers 27:11
HEB:נַחֲלָת֗וֹ לִשְׁאֵר֞וֹ הַקָּרֹ֥ב אֵלָ֛יו מִמִּשְׁפַּחְתּ֖וֹ
NAS: his inheritanceto his nearest relative
KJV: unto his kinsmanthat is next to him of his family,
INT: his inheritance relativeto his nearest in family

Deuteronomy 4:7
HEB:ל֥וֹ אֱלֹהִ֖ים קְרֹבִ֣ים אֵלָ֑יו כַּיהוָ֣ה
NAS: is there that has a godso near to it as is the LORD
KJV: who [hath] God[so] nigh unto them, as the LORD
INT: after A godnear to is the LORD

Deuteronomy 13:7
HEB:אֲשֶׁר֙ סְבִיבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם הַקְּרֹבִ֣ים אֵלֶ֔יךָ א֖וֹ
NAS: who are aroundyou, near you or far
KJV: which [are] round aboutyou, nigh unto thee, or far off
INT: who are aroundnear about or

Deuteronomy 21:3
HEB:וְהָיָ֣ה הָעִ֔יר הַקְּרֹבָ֖ה אֶל־ הֶחָלָ֑ל
NAS: It shall be that the citywhich is nearest to the slain man,
KJV: And it shall be, [that] the city[which is] next unto the slain man,
INT: shall be that the cityis nearest to the slain

Deuteronomy 21:6
HEB:הָעִ֣יר הַהִ֔וא הַקְּרֹבִ֖ים אֶל־ הֶחָלָ֑ל
NAS: of that citywhich is nearest to the slain man
KJV: of that city,[that are] next unto the slain
INT: city whichis nearest to the slain

Deuteronomy 22:2
HEB:וְאִם־ לֹ֨א קָר֥וֹב אָחִ֛יךָ אֵלֶ֖יךָ
NAS: your countrymanis not near you, or if you do not know
KJV: And if thy brother[be] not nigh unto thee, or if thou know
INT: If is notnear your countryman about

Deuteronomy 30:14
HEB: כִּֽי־ קָר֥וֹב אֵלֶ֛יךָ הַדָּבָ֖ר
NAS: is verynear you, in your mouth
KJV: [is] verynigh unto thee, in thy mouth,
INT: fornear But the word

Deuteronomy 32:17
HEB:יְדָע֑וּם חֲדָשִׁים֙ מִקָּרֹ֣ב בָּ֔אוּ לֹ֥א
NAS: [gods] who camelately, Whom your fathers
KJV: [gods that] camenewly up,
INT: known Newlately came did not

Deuteronomy 32:35
HEB:רַגְלָ֑ם כִּ֤י קָרוֹב֙ י֣וֹם אֵידָ֔ם
NAS: of their calamityis near, And the impending things
KJV: of their calamity[is] at hand, and the things that shall come
INT: their foot foris near the day of their calamity

Joshua 9:16
HEB:וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֗וּ כִּי־ קְרֹבִ֥ים הֵם֙ אֵלָ֔יו
NAS: with them, that they heardthat they were neighbors and that they were living
KJV: with them, that they heardthat they [were] their neighbours, and [that] they dwelt
INT: heard forwere neighbors like about

Ruth 2:20
HEB:לָ֣הּ נָעֳמִ֗י קָר֥וֹב לָ֙נוּ֙ הָאִ֔ישׁ
NAS: to her, The manis our relative, he is one of our closest relatives.
KJV: unto her, The man[is] near of kin unto us, one of our next kinsmen.
INT: said Naomiis our relative to her the man of our closest

Ruth 3:12
HEB:יֵ֥שׁ גֹּאֵ֖ל קָר֥וֹב מִמֶּֽנִּי׃
NAS: there is a relativecloser than I.
KJV: a kinsmannearer than I.
INT: there relativecloser than

2 Samuel 19:42
HEB:יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי־ קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י
NAS: the kingis a close relative to us. Why
KJV: Because the king[is] near of kin to us: wherefore then be ye angry
INT: of Israel Becauseclose the king to us

1 Kings 8:46
HEB:רְחוֹקָ֖ה א֥וֹ קְרוֹבָֽה׃
NAS: far off ornear;
KJV: of the enemy, faror near;
INT: far ornear

1 Kings 21:2
HEB:כִּ֣י ה֤וּא קָרוֹב֙ אֵ֣צֶל בֵּיתִ֔י
NAS: becauseit is close beside
KJV: of herbs,because it [is] near unto
INT: because itis close beside my house

77 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 7138
77 Occurrences

biq·rō·ḇay — 1 Occ.
haq·qā·rōḇ — 4 Occ.
haq·qə·rō·w·ḇāh — 2 Occ.
haq·qə·rō·ḇîm — 6 Occ.
haq·qə·rō·ḇō·wṯ — 1 Occ.
qā·rō·wḇ — 32 Occ.
qə·rō·ḇōw — 1 Occ.
qə·rō·ḇāh — 6 Occ.
qə·rō·w·ḇāy — 1 Occ.
qə·rō·ḇîm — 6 Occ.
qə·rō·ḇōw — 2 Occ.
miq·qā·rōḇ — 2 Occ.
miq·qā·rō·wḇ — 2 Occ.
ū·qə·rō·w·ḇay — 1 Occ.
wə·ḡam — 1 Occ.
wə·haq·qā·rōḇ — 1 Occ.
wə·haq·qā·rō·wḇ — 1 Occ.
wə·haq·qə·rō·ḇō·wṯ — 1 Occ.
wə·qā·rō·wḇ — 5 Occ.
wə·laq·qā·rō·wḇ — 1 Occ.