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Original Word:נָהָר
Part of Speech:Noun Masculine
Transliteration:nahar
Pronunciation:naw-har'
Phonetic Spelling:(naw-hawr')
KJV: flood, river
NASB:river, rivers, Euphrates, floods, streams, canals, current
Word Origin:[fromH5102 (נָהַר - To flow)]

1. a stream (including the sea
2. expec. the Nile, Euphrates, etc.)
3. (figuratively) prosperity

flood, river

Fromnahar; a stream (including the sea; expec. The Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity -- flood, river.

see HEBREWnahar

Word Origin
fromnahar
Definition
a stream, river
NASB Translation
canals (1), current (1), Euphrates (5), Euphrates river (1), floods (3), river (69), rivers (36), stream (1), streams (2).

^{Genesis 2:10} ; — absoluteGenesis 2:10 +; constructDeuteronomy 1:7 +; pluralIsaiah 18:27 4t., constructIsaiah 18:1 2t; but oftenerIsaiah 19:6 23t.; construct2 Kings 5:12 2t.; suffixEzekiel 32:2,Isaiah 44:27,Ezekiel 31:4,15,Exodus 7:19,Ezekiel 32:2,14; apparently dualGenesis 24:10 2t.,Judges 3:8 (see below) (all in ); —

stream, river,Numbers 24:6 (JE),Job 14:11;Job 40:23;Psalm 105:41 (in simile),Isaiah 48:18 (id.),Isaiah 59:19 (id.) + often; frequently of particular rivers; r. of EdenGenesis 2:10 and its branchesGenesis 2:13;Genesis 2:14 (all J);Genesis 15:18 (J; i.e., si vera 1., the Nile) but read probably , whence through influence of following — compare2 Kings 24:7 — Nö^{ZMG xi.1886, 699} (alternative), Lag^{BN 140} Ball^Hpt; of NileIsaiah 19:5; especially of EuphratesGenesis 15:18;Deuteronomy 1:7 (both + )Joshua 1:4 8t. +2 Samuel 8:3 (Qr and ""1 Chronicles 18:3; Kt omit ; — compare alsoGenesis 2:14b above); oftener (of Euphrase) without ,Genesis 31:21;Exodus 23:31;Numbers 22:5;Joshua 24:2,3,14,15 (all E), possibly alsoGenesis 36:37 (P; compare Di) =1 Chronicles 1:48, + 13 t. +2 Samuel 8:3 Kt (see above); and even without article (poetry)Isaiah 7:20;Jeremiah 2:18;Micah 7:12;Zechariah 9:10;Psalm 72:8; once of TigrisDaniel 10:4; ()2 Kings 17:6;2 Kings 18:11 compare 2 Chron 5:26; pluralZephaniah 3:10; perhaps of acanal:Ezekiel 1:1,36t. Ezekiel;Ezra 8:21,Ezra 8:31; comparePsalm 137:1;canals possibly also inNahum 2:7 (of Nineveh); ofcanals of EgyptExodus 7:19 ("" etc.),Exodus 8:1 ("" id.).

()Job 28:11 usually understood of(underground) streams; Szold^{Comm. Job} Gr^{Monatsschr.1887, 410 and} Perles^{Analekten 69} proposessources of rivers (compareJob 36:16); Wetzst Hoffm Bu (not elsewhere) with similar meaning.

s favourPsalm 46:5. — On ending apparently dual, see ; Tel AmarnaNa-ri-ma, Na—rima (Wkl^{Tel Am. 40}*), and EgyptianNhrina (WMM^{As.u.Eur.249ff.}) point however to original ending ; this inconsistent with view of EMey^{Geschichte. § 180} that here alocative ending (compare Ba^{§ 194 c. Anm. l} Buhl^{Ges 12}), see also Di^{Genesis 24:10}.

Definition and Scope

The Hebrew noun נָהָר denotes a perennial river or broad stream, distinguished from seasonal wadis and smaller brooks. It appears approximately 119 times across the Old Testament, describing literal waterways, boundary markers, sources of life-giving fertility, and figurative channels of divine blessing or judgment.

Geographic and Historical Context

1. Rivers of Eden:Genesis 2:10-14 names four נְהָרוֹת flowing from the garden—Pishon, Gihon, Tigris, and Euphrates—linking the concept of paradise with abundant, ordered waters.
2. National Boundaries:Genesis 15:18 andDeuteronomy 1:7 set Israel’s promised borders “from the River of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates.” נָהָר thus frames covenant geography.
3. Exodus and Confrontation: The Nile (הַיְאֹר, yet called נָהָר inExodus 7:19) becomes the arena where the LORD triumphs over Egypt’s gods, turning the river to blood.
4. Exile and Return:Ezekiel 1:1 situates the prophet “by the Kebar River,” signifying God’s presence even in foreign lands. Cyrus’s edict (Ezra 4:10, 16) mentions peoples transplanted “to Samaria and elsewhere in the province Beyond the River.”
5. Trade and Empire: Assyrian and Babylonian records align withIsaiah 7:20 and 8:7, where “the River” (Euphrates) symbolizes imperial might flooding Judah.

Key Theological Themes

1. Life, Provision, and Blessing
• “He will be like a tree planted by streams of water” (Psalm 1:3).
• “There is a river whose streams delight the city of God” (Psalm 46:4).
• The messianic age is pictured as an unceasing flow: “I will extend peace to her like a river” (Isaiah 66:12).

2. Judgment and Overthrow
• The overflowing Euphrates embodies divine chastening: “The LORD will bring against them the mighty waters of the River” (Isaiah 8:7-8).
•Nahum 2:6 records Nineveh’s gates opened by the river’s flood in fulfillment of prophecy.

3. Salvation and Restoration
• Ezekiel’s temple vision (Ezekiel 47:1-12) reveals a river issuing from the sanctuary, healing the Dead Sea and producing trees “whose leaves will not wither.”
•Zechariah 14:8 foresees “living waters will flow out from Jerusalem,” anticipatingRevelation 22:1.

4. Covenant Expansion
•Psalm 72:8 prays that Messiah’s dominion stretch “from sea to sea and from the River to the ends of the earth,” tying geography to worldwide reign.
•Daniel 10:4’s setting “on the bank of the great River, the Tigris” frames apocalyptic revelation.

Liturgical and Poetic Imagery

Hebrew poetry frequently couples נָהָר with joy, security, and hope. InJob 20:17 the wicked are denied “streams of honey and cream,” whileIsaiah 41:18 promises that God will “turn the desert into pools of water, and the parched ground into flowing springs.” The term enriches praise, lament, and wisdom literature alike.

Ministry Applications

1. Spiritual Vitality: Like trees by the river, believers are called to root themselves in Scripture and prayer for continual nourishment (Psalm 1).
2. Mission and Kingdom Vision: The ever-deepening river inEzekiel 47 urges ministries to expect increasing influence through the Spirit’s work.
3. Assurance in Exile: Commemorating God’s presence by the Kebar reminds the church that no circumstance places it beyond His sustaining flow.
4. Warning Against Complacency: Prophecies of overflowing judgment (Isaiah 8) caution leaders and congregations to resist alliances that ignore divine sovereignty.

Christological and Eschatological Fulfillment

Jesus proclaims, “Whoever believes in Me, as the Scripture has said: streams of living water will flow from within him” (John 7:38), echoing Isaiah’s and Ezekiel’s visions.Revelation 22:1-2 culminates the biblical river motif, depicting the water of life proceeding from God’s throne, nourishing the tree of life for the healing of the nations.

See Also

• עַיִן (spring)
• מַיִם (water)
• Greek ποταμός (river) in the New Testament

בְּנַהֲרוֹתֶ֗יךָ בִּֽנְהַר־ בַּ֭נָּהָר בַּנְּהָרִים֙ בנהר בנהר־ בנהרותיך בנהרים הֲבִנְהָרִים֙ הַ֨נְּהָרֹ֔ת הַנְּהָר֖וֹת הַנָּהָ֑ר הַנָּהָ֔ר הַנָּהָ֖ר הַנָּהָ֗ר הַנָּהָ֛ר הַנָּהָ֣ר הַנָּהָ֤ר הַנָּהָ֥ר הַנָּהָ֧ר הַנָּהָֽר׃ הַנָּהָר֙ הבנהרים הנהר הנהר׃ הנהרות הנהרת וְ֝נָהָ֗ר וְהַנָּהָ֥ר וְכַנְּהָר֖וֹת וְנַהֲרֹתַ֖יִךְ וְנַהֲרוֹתָ֖ם וְנָהָ֖ר וְנָהָרּ֙ וּ֝מִנָּהָ֗ר וּֽבַנְּהָר֥וֹת וּבַנְּהָר֖וֹת וּמִנָּהָ֖ר וּנְהַ֣ר וּנְהָר֖וֹת ובנהרות והנהר וכנהרות ומנהר ונהר ונהרות ונהרותם ונהרתיך כְּנָהָ֨ר כַּנְּהָר֕וֹת כַּנְּהָר֣וֹת כַנָּהָר֙ כנהר כנהרות לְנַֽהֲרֵי־ לַנָּהָ֑ר לנהר לנהרי־ מִנְּהַ֣ר מנהר נְ֝הָר֗וֹת נְהַ֥ר נְהַר־ נְהָר֔וֹת נְהָר֖וֹת נְהָר֣וֹת נְהָר֥וֹת נְהָר֨וֹת ׀ נְהָרִ֖ים נְהָרִ֥ים נְהָרִים֙ נְהָרֽוֹת׃ נְהָרוֹת֙ נַהֲר֣וֹת נַהֲר֥וֹת נַהֲר֨וֹת ׀ נַהֲרֵ֥י נַהֲרֹתֶ֗יהָ נַהֲרֹתָ֣ם ׀ נַהֲרוֹתֶ֔יהָ נַהֲרוֹתָֽם׃ נָ֝הָ֗ר נָ֭הָר נָהָ֑ר נָהָ֔ר נָהָ֗ר נָהָֽר׃ נָהָר֙ נהר נהר־ נהר׃ נהרות נהרות׃ נהרותיה נהרותם׃ נהרי נהרים נהרתיה נהרתם ban·nā·hār ban·nə·hā·rîm bannāhār Bannahor bannehaRim bannəhārîm bə·na·hă·rō·w·ṯe·ḵā benaharoTeicha bənahărōwṯeḵā bin·har- binhar binhar- channaHar hă·ḇin·hā·rîm hăḇinhārîm han·nā·hār han·nə·hā·rō·wṯ han·nə·hā·rōṯ hannaHar hannāhār hannehaRot hannəhārōṯ hannəhārōwṯ havinhaRim ḵan·nā·hār kan·nə·hā·rō·wṯ ḵannāhār kannehaRot kannəhārōwṯ kə·nā·hār kenaHar kənāhār lan·nā·hār lannaHar lannāhār lə·na·hă·rê- lənahărê- lenaharei min·nə·har minneHar minnəhar na·hă·rê na·hă·rō·ṯām na·hă·rō·ṯe·hā na·hă·rō·w·ṯām na·hă·rō·w·ṯe·hā na·hă·rō·wṯ nā·hār naHar nāhār nahărê nahaRei nahaRot naharoTam nahărōṯām nahărōṯehā naharoTeiha nahărōwṯ nahărōwṯām nahărōwṯehā Nahor nə·hā·rîm nə·hā·rō·wṯ nə·har nə·har- nehar nəhar nəhar- nehaRim nəhārîm nehaRot nəhārōwṯ ū·ḇan·nə·hā·rō·wṯ ū·min·nā·hār ū·nə·hā·rō·wṯ ū·nə·har ūḇannəhārōwṯ uminnaHar ūminnāhār uneHar ūnəhar unehaRot ūnəhārōwṯ uvannehaRot vechannehaRot vehannaHar venaHar venaharoTam venaharoTayich wə·han·nā·hār wə·ḵan·nə·hā·rō·wṯ wə·na·hă·rō·ṯa·yiḵ wə·na·hă·rō·w·ṯām wə·nā·hār wəhannāhār wəḵannəhārōwṯ wənāhār wənahărōṯayiḵ wənahărōwṯāmInterlinear Greek •Interlinear Hebrew •Strong's Numbers •Englishman's Greek Concordance •Englishman's Hebrew Concordance •Parallel Texts

Genesis 2:10
HEB: וְנָהָרּ֙ יֹצֵ֣א מֵעֵ֔דֶן
NAS:Now a river flowed out of Eden
KJV:And a river went out of Eden
INT:river flowed of Eden

Genesis 2:13
HEB: וְשֵֽׁם־ הַנָּהָ֥ר הַשֵּׁנִ֖י גִּיח֑וֹן
NAS: of the secondriver is Gihon;
KJV: of the secondriver [is] Gihon:
INT: the nameriver of the second is Gihon

Genesis 2:14
HEB: וְשֵׁ֨ם הַנָּהָ֤ר הַשְּׁלִישִׁי֙ חִדֶּ֔קֶל
NAS: of the thirdriver is Tigris;
KJV: of the thirdriver [is] Hiddekel:
INT: the nameriver of the third is Tigris

Genesis 2:14
HEB:קִדְמַ֣ת אַשּׁ֑וּר וְהַנָּהָ֥ר הָֽרְבִיעִ֖י ה֥וּא
NAS: And the fourthriver is the Euphrates.
KJV: And the fourthriver [is] Euphrates.
INT: east of Assyriariver and the fourth he

Genesis 15:18
HEB:הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את מִנְּהַ֣ר מִצְרַ֔יִם עַד־
NAS: land,From the river of Egypt
KJV: this land,from the river of Egypt
INT: land Fromthe river of Egypt far

Genesis 15:18
HEB:מִצְרַ֔יִם עַד־ הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־
NAS: as the greatriver, the river
KJV: unto the greatriver, the river
INT: of Egypt farriver as the great the river

Genesis 15:18
HEB:הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־ פְּרָֽת׃
NAS: river,the river Euphrates:
KJV: river,the river Euphrates:
INT: river as the greatthe river Euphrates

Genesis 31:21
HEB:וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר אֶת־ הַנָּהָ֑ר וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֶת־
NAS: and crossedthe [Euphrates] River, and set
KJV: and passed overthe river, and set
INT: arose and crossedthe River and set his face

Genesis 36:37
HEB:שָׁא֖וּל מֵרְחֹב֥וֹת הַנָּהָֽר׃
NAS: of Rehobothon the [Euphrates] River became king
KJV: of Rehoboth[by] the river reigned
INT: and Shaul of Rehoboththe River

Exodus 7:19
HEB:מִצְרַ֜יִם עַֽל־ נַהֲרֹתָ֣ם ׀ עַל־ יְאֹרֵיהֶ֣ם
NAS: overtheir rivers, over
KJV: of Egypt,upon their streams, upon their rivers,
INT: of Egypt overtheir rivers over their streams

Exodus 8:5
HEB:בְּמַטֶּ֔ךָ עַל־ הַ֨נְּהָרֹ֔ת עַל־ הַיְאֹרִ֖ים
NAS: overthe rivers, over
KJV: with thy rodover the streams, over the rivers,
INT: your staff overthe rivers over the streams

Exodus 23:31
HEB:וּמִמִּדְבָּ֖ר עַד־ הַנָּהָ֑ר כִּ֣י ׀ אֶתֵּ֣ן
NAS: and from the wildernessto the River [Euphrates]; for I will deliver
KJV: and from the desertunto the river: for I will deliver
INT: the wilderness againstto the River for will deliver

Numbers 22:5
HEB:אֲשֶׁ֧ר עַל־ הַנָּהָ֛ר אֶ֥רֶץ בְּנֵי־
NAS: is nearthe River, [in] the land
KJV: to Pethor,which [is] by the river of the land
INT: which is nearthe River the land of the sons

Numbers 24:6
HEB:כְּגַנֹּ֖ת עֲלֵ֣י נָהָ֑ר כַּאֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע
NAS: besidethe river, Like aloes
KJV: as gardensby the river's side, as the trees of lign aloes
INT: gardens besidethe river aloes planted

Deuteronomy 1:7
HEB:וְהַלְּבָנ֔וֹן עַד־ הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־
NAS: as the greatriver, the river
KJV: unto the greatriver, the river
INT: and Lebanon farriver as the great the river

Deuteronomy 1:7
HEB:הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־ פְּרָֽת׃
NAS: river,the river Euphrates.
KJV: river,the river Euphrates.
INT: river as the greatthe river Euphrates

Deuteronomy 11:24
HEB:וְהַלְּבָנ֜וֹן מִן־ הַנָּהָ֣ר נְהַר־ פְּרָ֗ת
NAS: to Lebanon,[and] from the river, the river
KJV: and Lebanon,from the river, the river
INT: to Lebanon atthe river the river Euphrates

Deuteronomy 11:24
HEB:מִן־ הַנָּהָ֣ר נְהַר־ פְּרָ֗ת וְעַד֙
NAS: [and] from the river,the river Euphrates,
KJV: from the river,the river Euphrates,
INT: at the riverthe river Euphrates far

Joshua 1:4
HEB:הַזֶּ֜ה וְֽעַד־ הַנָּהָ֧ר הַגָּד֣וֹל נְהַר־
NAS: as the greatriver, the river
KJV: even unto the greatriver, the river
INT: and this farriver as the great the river

Joshua 1:4
HEB:הַנָּהָ֧ר הַגָּד֣וֹל נְהַר־ פְּרָ֗ת כֹּ֚ל
NAS: river,the river Euphrates,
KJV: river,the river Euphrates,
INT: river as the greatthe river Euphrates all

Joshua 24:2
HEB:יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֗ר יָשְׁב֤וּ אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙
NAS: beyondthe River, [namely], Terah,
KJV: on the other sideof the flood in old time,
INT: of Israel beyondthe River lived your fathers

Joshua 24:3
HEB:אַבְרָהָם֙ מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֔ר וָאוֹלֵ֥ךְ אוֹת֖וֹ
NAS: from beyondthe River, and led
KJV: from the other sideof the flood, and led
INT: Abraham sidethe River and led all

Joshua 24:14
HEB:אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֜ם בְּעֵ֤בֶר הַנָּהָר֙ וּבְמִצְרַ֔יִם וְעִבְד֖וּ
NAS: beyondthe River and in Egypt,
KJV: on the other sideof the flood, and in Egypt;
INT: your fathers beyondthe River Egypt and serve

Joshua 24:15
HEB:(מֵעֵ֣בֶר ק) הַנָּהָ֔ר וְאִם֙ אֶת־
NAS: were beyondthe River, or the gods
KJV: that [were] on the other sideof the flood, or the gods
INT: which beyondthe River whether the gods

2 Samuel 8:3
HEB:לְהָשִׁ֥יב יָד֖וֹ בִּֽנְהַר־ (פְּרָֽת ק)
NAS: to restore his ruleat the River.
KJV: his borderat the river Euphrates.
INT: to restore his rulethe River Euphrates

119 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 5104
119 Occurrences

ban·nā·hār — 1 Occ.
ban·nə·hā·rîm — 1 Occ.
bə·na·hă·rō·w·ṯe·ḵā — 1 Occ.
bin·har- — 4 Occ.
ḵan·nā·hār — 2 Occ.
han·nā·hār — 32 Occ.
han·nə·hā·rōṯ — 3 Occ.
hă·ḇin·hā·rîm — 1 Occ.
kan·nə·hā·rō·wṯ — 2 Occ.
kə·nā·hār — 1 Occ.
lan·nā·hār — 1 Occ.
lə·na·hă·rê- — 2 Occ.
min·nə·har — 2 Occ.
nā·hār — 8 Occ.
na·hă·rê — 1 Occ.
na·hă·rō·wṯ — 3 Occ.
na·hă·rō·ṯām — 2 Occ.
na·hă·rō·ṯe·hā — 2 Occ.
nā·hār — 1 Occ.
nə·har- — 17 Occ.
nə·hā·rîm — 3 Occ.
nə·hā·rō·wṯ — 15 Occ.
ū·min·nā·hār — 2 Occ.
ū·nə·har — 1 Occ.
ū·nə·hā·rō·wṯ — 1 Occ.
ū·ḇan·nə·hā·rō·wṯ — 2 Occ.
wə·ḵan·nə·hā·rō·wṯ — 1 Occ.
wə·han·nā·hār — 1 Occ.
wə·nā·hār — 4 Occ.
wə·na·hă·rō·w·ṯām — 1 Occ.
wə·na·hă·rō·ṯa·yiḵ — 1 Occ.