Lexical Summary
yada: To know, to perceive, to understand, to acknowledge
Original Word:יָדַע
Part of Speech:Verb
Transliteration:yada`
Pronunciation:yah-DAH
Phonetic Spelling:(yaw-dah')
KJV: acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware, (un-)awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, X could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to) discern, discover, endued with, familiar friend, famous, feel, can have, be (ig-)norant, instruct, kinsfolk, kinsman, (cause to let, make) know, (come to give, have, take) knowledge, have (knowledge), (be, make, make to be, make self) known, + be learned, + lie by man, mark, perceive, privy to, X prognosticator, regard, have respect, skilful, shew, can (man of) skill, be sure, of a surety, teach, (can) tell, understand, have (understanding), X will be, wist, wit, wot
NASB:know, known, knows, knew, make known, made known, understand
Word Origin:[a primitive root]
1. to know
2. (properly) to ascertain by seeing
3. used in a great variety of senses
4. figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition
5. and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.) (as follow)
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
acknowledge, acquainted with, advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware
A primitive root; to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.) (as follow) -- acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware, (un-)awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, X could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to) discern, discover, endued with, familiar friend, famous, feel, can have, be (ig-)norant, instruct, kinsfolk, kinsman, (cause to let, make) know, (come to give, have, take) knowledge, have (knowledge), (be, make, make to be, make self) known, + be learned, + lie by man, mark, perceive, privy to, X prognosticator, regard, have respect, skilful, shew, can (man of) skill, be sure, of a surety, teach, (can) tell, understand, have (understanding), X will be, wist, wit, wot.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origina prim. root
Definitionto know
NASB Translationability (1), acknowledge (4), acknowledged (2), acquaintances (5), acquainted (1), aware (6), becomes known (1), bring forth (1), cared (1), chosen (2), clearly understand (2), cohabit (1), comprehend (1), concern (2), concerned (1), consider (3), declare (1), detected (1), directed (1), discern (2), disciplined (1), discovered (3), distinguish (1), endowed (3), experienced (4), experiences (1), familiar friend (1), find (5), found (1), gain (1), had knowledge (1), had relations (6), had...relations (1), has (1), has regard (1), has...knowledge (1), have (4), have relations (3), have...knowledge (2), ignorant* (1), illiterate* (1), indeed learn (1), inform (1), informed (4), instruct (3), instructed (1), intimate friends (1), investigate (2), knew (38), know (542), know for certain (4), know with certainty (1), know assuredly (1), know well (1), knowing (5), knowledge (4), known (65), knows (54), knows well (1), lain* (1), leading (1), learn (7), learned (1), literate* (1), made himself known (2), made it known (1), made myself known (2), made known (10), make himself known (1), make his known (1), make it known (1), make my known (1), make myself known (4), make them known (1), make your known (1), make yourself known (1), make known (14), notice (2), observe (2), perceive (1), perceived (1), possibly know (1), predict (1), professional mourners (1), provided (1), raped (1), read* (1), realize (1), realized (5), recognize (2), recognized (1), regard (1), satisfied* (1), seems (1), show (3), shown (1), skillful (3), sure (1), take knowledge (1), take note (1), take notice (1), taught (2), teach (6), tell (3), tells (1), took notice (1), unaware* (1), unawares* (1), understand (10), understands (1), understood (3), unknown* (1), very well know (1), well aware (1).
Brown-Driver-Briggs
943verb (Late Hebrew
id., Aramaic
; Phoenician ; Ethiopic
II. I.
indicate, announce, narrate; Assyrian
idû,
know, COT
Gloss; Sabean , especially in compound proper name DHM
ZMG 1875, 612) —
PerfectGenesis 4:1 +;Leviticus 5:1 +; suffixDeuteronomy 34:10;Job 28:7;Genesis 24:16;1 Kings 1:4;Isaiah 63:16; 3feminine singularJudges 11:39 4t.; 2 masculine singularGenesis 30:26 +;2 Samuel 2:26;Ruth 2:11;1 Kings 2:15;Jeremiah 50:24; consecutiveRuth 3:4 6t. (includingEzekiel 22:16, Co , so ) +Ezekiel 28:22 Co (for ), so ;Genesis 4:9 +; suffixExodus 33:12 2t.;Genesis 18:19;Proverbs 30:18;Isaiah 48:7;Genesis 19:8 +;2 Kings 4:39 +;Deuteronomy 8:3,16 (Dr§ 6 n.); 2 masculine pluralGenesis 44:15 +; 2 feminine pluralGenesis 31:6; consecutiveEzekiel 13:21,23, etc.;ImperfectIsaiah 7:16 +;Joshua 22:22 5t.;Psalm 138:6 (read probably see Ges§ 69, 2 R, 3);Genesis 4:17 +; suffixJeremiah 17:9;Hosea 14:10ImperativeGenesis 20:7 10t.;Proverbs 24:14;Ecclesiastes 11:19; suffixProverbs 3:6;Jeremiah 2:19 4t.;Numbers 32:23 15t.;Infinitive constructExodus 2:4;Genesis 3:22 +;Deuteronomy 9:24, etc.;Infinitive absoluteGenesis 43:7;Joshua 23:13;Genesis 15:3 11t.;Participle activeGenesis 3:5 +; feminineNumbers 31:17 2t.;2 Kings 17:26 +;passive constructIsaiah 53:3; pluralDeuteronomy 1:13,15; —
know, learn to know, good and evilGenesis 3:22 (J), followed by1 Samuel 28:9;2 Samuel 24:2;anything1 Samuel 20:39;Genesis 36:6 (see II.
), soGenesis 36:8;2 Samuel 15:11, subject God, knowing fowlsPsalm 50:11; way to wisdomJob 28:23; etc.; of bird of preyJob 28:7; the price of wisdomJob 28:13; something futureGenesis 27:2 (J); especially followed by clauseGenesis 12:11 (J)I Know that thou art a woman of fair appearance,Genesis 22:12 (E),Ecclesiastes 1:17;Genesis 28:16; answering question Where ? without other object,Genesis 4:9 (both J); followed by accusative + ,in, in the matter of (see )1 Samuel 22:15thy servant knoweth not of all this anything, little or much; followed by (rare),gain knowledge of, learn of orabout, with infinitiveJob 37:15dost thou know about God's enjoining upon them? also with substantiveJeremiah 38:24let not a man know of these words; similarly followed by , onlyJob 37:16dost thou know concerning the balancings of clouds? (inJob 12:9 is instrumental, asGenesis 15:8;Psalm 41:12); followed by ,1 Samuel 23:23observe and get knowledge of all the hiding-places; but followed by object clause + of source,Psalm 119:152long ago I gained knowledge out of thy testimonies that etc.; followed by ,have knowledge of,Psalm 69:6thou knowest my foolishness; especiallyand he shall (thou shalt, etc.)know that I am YahwehExodus 10:2 (R),Exodus 6:7;Exodus 14:4;Exodus 16:12;Exodus 29:46 (all P),Ezekiel 6:7,10,13 #NAME? Ezekiel;1 Kings 20:13,28; followed by accusative, which is really subject of following clause,Genesis 18:19 (J)I know him that he will, etc.2 Samuel 3:25 (Ges§ 117. 1, R. 6).
perceiveGenesis 19:33,35 (J; object clause infinitive with ); with added idea ofobserving, taking note of, a place, accusativeRuth 3:4; with ,Psalm 31:8 ("" ).
"" , imperativeperceive and see1 Samuel 12:17;1 Samuel 24:12;find out and discern1 Samuel 14:38;1 Samuel 23:22; in reverse order, only1 Samuel 23:23 (see above),Jeremiah 5:1 (see DrSm). — Seealso
below
discriminate, distinguish2 Samuel 19:36, compareDeuteronomy 1:29 (no );Jonah 4:11they cannot distinguish between their right hand and their left.
know by experience,Joshua 23:14 (D)and know in all your hearts, and all your souls, that, etc.;learn to knowHosea 13:14;learn (a bitter lesson)Hosea 9:7;Isaiah 9:8;Psalm 14:4;experience s vengeanceEzekiel 25:14;Psalm 14:4 (absolute); quietnessJob 20:20.
recognise, admit, acknowledge, confessJeremiah 3:13;Jeremiah 14:20;Isaiah 59:12;Psalm 51:5.
considerJudges 18:14; "" , imperative , ,2 Samuel 24:13;1 Kings 20:7,22; alsoDeuteronomy 8:5and thou shalt consider with (in)thy heart, that,Deuteronomy 4:39.
not know =not exceptIsaiah 47:11;Psalm 35:8.
know a person,be acquainted withGenesis 29:5 (J),Exodus 1:8 (E),Job 42:11,knowJob 24:1; c , object especially other gods, strange land, etc. = have no knowledge of, or acquaintance with, have not heard of, especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah: —Deuteronomy 11:28;Deuteronomy 13:3;Deuteronomy 13:7;Deuteronomy 13:14;Deuteronomy 28:64;Deuteronomy 29:25;Deuteronomy 32:17 (poem),Jeremiah 7:9;Jeremiah 9:15;Jeremiah 14:18;Jeremiah 16:13;Jeremiah 17:4;Jeremiah 19:4;Jeremiah 22:28;Jeremiah 44:3; participle activeacquaintanceJob 19:13; passive participleacquainted withIsaiah 53:3 (literallyknown of sickness, see Thes Ew Che Di Du);well-known (with implied trustworthiness)Deuteronomy 1:13,15 ; of beastsknowing owner and master's cribIsaiah 1:3 (compareJeremiah 8:7); especially of knowing GodExodus 5:2 (J); involving intelligent worship, obedience, etc.Judges 2:10;1 Samuel 2:12 (read for Dr),1 Samuel 3:7;Hosea 2:22;Hosea 8:2;Hosea 5:4;Job 18:21;Psalm 79:6 (see also
); of God'sKnowing persons etc., throughlyHosea 5:3;Job 11:11; knowing the heart1 Kings 8:39; 2Chronicles 6:30;Psalm 139:4;knowing his true servants,recognising andacknowledgingthem2 Samuel 7:20;Nahum 1:7;1 Chronicles 17:18 +;Exodus 33:12 (JE); =take notice of, regardPsalm 1:6; 31:7; 37:18; so of Israel as chosen peopleAmos 3:2;Hosea 13:5 (Assyrianidûšu, God regardeth him, HptBAS i, 15) compareGenesis 18:19 (J).
know a personcarnally, of sexual intercourse, followed by accusative: man subjectGenesis 4:1,17,25;Genesis 24:16;Genesis 38:26 (all J),1 Samuel 1:19;Judges 19:25;1 Kings 1:4; woman subjectGenesis 19:8 (J),Numbers 31:17,18,35 (all P),Judges 11:39;Judges 21:11;Judges 21:12; man subject and object (of sodomy)Genesis 19:5 (J),Judges 19:22.
know how to do a thing, be able to do it, often with and followed by infinitiveAmos 3:10they know not how to do right;Jeremiah 1:6;Jeremiah 6:15;1 Kings 3:7;Isaiah 56:11 (twice in verse), withIsaiah 50:4;Ecclesiastes 10:15;Ecclesiastes 4:13know not how to be admonished (Ecclesiastes 4:17 knowthat); infinitive absoluteIsaiah 7:15,16.
be skilful in,especially participle, followed by accusativeGenesis 25:27 (J)skilled in hunting;skilled in a book, learnedIsaiah 29:11,12 (twice in verse); as plural constructAmos 5:16knowers of lamentation,professional mourners;1 Kings 9:27skilled in the sea, 2 Chronicles 8:18; especially followed by infinitive1 Samuel 16:18skilled in playing,1 Ki 5:20; 2 Chron 2:6; 2 Chronicles 2:7; 2 Chronicles 2:13:1 Samuel 16:16knowing, (as)a player on the lyre (see Dr).
absolutehave knowledge, be wise:Ecclesiastes 9:11 ("" , ); especially have knowledge of God and duty, or in practical affairsIsaiah 1:3 ("" ),Isaiah 56:10; often with accusative of congnate meaning with verb:Proverbs 17:27;Proverbs 30:3;Isaiah 29:24;Proverbs 4:1; 2Chron 2:12, compare1 Chronicles 12:33 (Baer),Esther 1:13; alsoEsther 1:13;Daniel 1:4; object 2Chron 2:11 ("" );Proverbs 1:2 ("" );Proverbs 24:14;Ecclesiastes 8:16.
PerfectGenesis 41:21 10t.; consecutive1 Samuel 6:3 2t.; 3 feminine singularLeviticus 4:14;Isaiah 66:14, etc.;ImperfectGenesis 41:31 10t.;Proverbs 10:9;Esther 2:22; 3feminine singularProverbs 14:33; 2feminine singularRuth 3:3;Ezekiel 20:5;Infinitive suffixJeremiah 31:19;ParticiplePsalm 76:2 2t.; —
be made known, beorbecome known,of thingsGenesis 41:31 (followed by ),Exodus 2:14 (both E),Leviticus 4:14 (P),Judges 16:9;2 Samuel 17:19;Nahum 3:17;Zechariah 14:7 (followed by ),Psalm 77:20;Psalm 79:10 (followed by );Psalm 88:13 (followed by ); of hand ofIsaiah 66:14 (followed by ); with subject clauseExodus 21:36;Exodus 33:16 (both J E),Deuteronomy 21:1;1 Samuel 6:3 (followed by ),1 Kings 18:36;Ezekiel 36:32 (followed by )Ruth 3:14;Ecclesiastes 6:10;Esther 2:22 (followed by ); of person,Proverbs 31:23 (followed by )Isaiah 61:9 (followed by and ); ofPsalm 76:2 (followed by ); =be revealed, discovered, of person1 Samuel 22:6;Jeremiah 28:9;Proverbs 10:9; of thingsNehemiah 4:9;Proverbs 12:16;Proverbs 14:33.
make oneself known,of person, followed byRuth 3:3, usually of God ()Exodus 6:3 (P; "" ),Isaiah 19:21;Ezekiel 20:5, followed byEzekiel 38:23; followed byEzekiel 20:9; followed byEzekiel 35:11;Psalm 48:4; without prepositionPsalm 9:17.
be perceived (passive of
),Genesis 41:21 (E),Psalm 74:5.
be instructed (passive of )Jeremiah 31:19, in spiritual sense, through chastisement.
Perfect2masculine singular , onlyJob 38:12 Kt; read with Qrcause to know, followed by 2 accusative; soPsalm 104:19 according to Bae, who reads , after Aq Symm.
Perfect1 Samuel 21:3I have caused to know, i.e. directed, followed by accusative, but read or , from , so We Dr.
Participle knownIsaiah 12:5 Kt (Qr see
); elsewhere as substantive =acquaintancePsalm 55:14;2 Kings 10:11;Psalm 88:9;Job 19:14 ("" ),Psalm 88:19 ("" and );Psalm 31:12, KtRuth 2:1 (Qr q.see below)
PerfectPsalm 98:2;Jeremiah 11:18;1 Kings 1:27 2t.;Job 26:3, etc.;ImperfectPsalm 103:7;Isaiah 38:19;jussiveNumbers 16:5;Judges 8:16;Isaiah 40:13,14; 2masculine singularHabakkuk 3:2;Psalm 16:11;Psalm 51:8; 1singularPsalm 89:2;Ezekiel 39:7;Proverbs 1:23;Isaiah 5:5;Job 32:7;Ezekiel 44:23;1 Samuel 14:12;ImperativeProverbs 9:9 3t. (Psalm 90:12); suffixJob 10:2 6t., etc.;Infinitive construct2 Samuel 7:21 3t.;1 Chronicles 17:19;1 Samuel 28:15, etc.;ParticipleDaniel 8:19;Jeremiah 16:21;Isaiah 47:13; 2Chronicles 23:13; —make known, declare, with accusative of thingNumbers 16:5 (P),Ezekiel 39:7;1 Chronicles 17:19;Job 26:3;Psalm 89:2;Psalm 98:2;Psalm 106:8; object omittedHabakkuk 3:2;teach, with accusative of thingJob 32:7; followed by infinitivePsalm 90:12 and (peculiarly) 2Chronicles 23:13 i.e.led in praising; with personProverbs 9:9; with accusative of personIsaiah 40:13;Judges 8:16 (but read , see );make known, declare, with accusative of thing, + personExodus 18:20;Deuteronomy 4:9;Nehemiah 8:12;Nehemiah 9:14;Psalm 78:5;Psalm 103:7;Psalm 145:12;Isaiah 38:19;Isaiah 64:1; with clause of thing, + person1 Samuel 10:8;make oneknow, with clause of thing and accusative (suffix) personExodus 33:12;Deuteronomy 8:3;1 Samuel 6:2;1 Samuel 16:3;1 Samuel 28:15;Job 10:2;Job 37:19; with accusative of thing + suffix personExodus 33:13 (JE)make me, I pray, to know thy ways, that I may know thee;Jeremiah 16:21;Ezekiel 20:4;Ezekiel 22:2;Ezekiel 43:11;Isaiah 40:14 ("" , also va ),Proverbs 22:21;Job 13:23;Psalm 16:11;Psalm 25:4 ("" ),Psalm 16:14 (on infinitive with see Ges§158; 114, 2, R. 2, Exx,),Psalm 39:5;Psalm 51:8;Psalm 143:8 ("" );Psalm 32:5 ("" ); followed by 2 separate accusativeGenesis 41:39 (E),1 Samuel 14:12;Isaiah 5:5;Ezekiel 20:1;Ezekiel 16:2;Proverbs 1:23;Daniel 8:19; accusative of person omittedExodus 18:16 (E); accusative of thing omittedJoshua 4:22 =teach one (D), soIsaiah 40:13;2 Samuel 7:21;1 Kings 1:27; =answerJob 38:2;Job 40:7;Job 42:4; with suffix person, accusative of thing omittedJeremiah 11:18;Jeremiah 16:21;Proverbs 22:19; followed by accusative of thing +Psalm 77:15thou hast made known thy might among the peoples,Isaiah 12:4;1 Chronicles 18:8 =Psalm 105:1; followed by clause + personHosea 5:9; followed by ,teach the difference between, to discriminate betweenEzekiel 22:26; + suffix personEzekiel 44:23 (compare ); followed by partitiveIsaiah 47:13who declare, at the new moons, of (the things) which are to come.
PerfectLeviticus 4:23,28 (see Köi, 427);Participle QrIsaiah 12:5 (> Kt ); —made known (Participle) QrIsaiah 12:5 let thisbe made known in () all the earth (> Kt Punic Participle which is not elsewhere in this sense); followed by if his sin bemade known unto himselfLeviticus 4:23,28 (P).
ImperfectNumbers 12:6 (E); sq:make oneself known to, of ;InfinitiveGenesis 45:1 (E), of Joseph.
(see Biblical Hebrew); —
Perfect3masculine singularDaniel 5:21;Daniel 6:11, 2masculine singularDaniel 5:22, 1s.Daniel 4:6;Imperfect 2 masculine singular (K§ 11, 4. b) ))Ezra 4:15 +, etc.;Imu. masculine singular (K§ 11. 3 a))Daniel 6:16;Participle activeDaniel 2:8 +; pluralDaniel 5:23, etc.;passiveDaniel 4:12 +; —know, with accusative of thingDaniel 2:30;Daniel 5:22, accusative of thing omittedEzra 7:25; ,Ezra 7:25,Daniel 2:21; with object clauseDaniel 2:8;Daniel 2:9;Daniel 2:22;Daniel 4:6;Daniel 4:14;Daniel 4:23;Daniel 4:29;Daniel 5:21;Daniel 6:11;Daniel 6:16;Ezra 4:15, so (of God)Daniel 4:22;participle active absoluteDaniel 5:23having capacity of knowledge; passive in periphrase conjugation, subject clause + personDaniel 3:18;Ezra 4:12,13;Ezra 5:8.Perfect3masculine singularDaniel 2:15 +, suffixDaniel 2:29, 2masculine singular suffixDaniel 2:23, -Daniel 2:23 1pluralEzra 4:14;Imperfect3masculine singularDaniel 2:25, suffixDaniel 7:16, etc. (see K§ 43 c));InfinitiveDaniel 5:8, suffixDaniel 4:15;Daniel 5:16, etc.;Participle active pluralDaniel 4:4 +; —cause to know, inform : personEzra 4:14, + accusative of thingDaniel 2:15,17,25,30;Daniel 4:4;Daniel 5:8,17, so (sf, person)Daniel 2:5,9,26;Daniel 4:3;Daniel 4:15;Daniel 5:15,16;Daniel 7:16, and (subject God)Daniel 2:23; person + object clauseEzra 4:16;Ezra 7:24, so (of God)Daniel 2:28,29,45, and (suffix person) V:23; accusative of person onlyEzra 5:10;Ezra 7:25.
Topical Lexicon
Scope of Meaning in Scriptureיָדַע saturates the Old Testament narrative, appearing in every genre—Law, History, Poetry, Prophets—about 942 times. The verb’s range stretches from simple awareness to the deepest covenant intimacy. By observing its distribution, one sees how knowledge is never treated as an abstract commodity but as a living, relational reality rooted in God’s own character.
Cognitive Knowledge
At its most basic, יָדַע denotes factual recognition. Pharaoh “did not know Joseph” (Exodus 1:8); Jacob “did not know” that Leah, not Rachel, lay beside him (Genesis 29:25). This sense governs countless passages where people learn information, identify persons, or perceive circumstances (Judges 18:28;1 Samuel 17:46;2 Kings 4:9). Even here, knowledge carries moral weight: to ignore or distort truth is culpable (Deuteronomy 29:4;Isaiah 1:3).
Experiential and Relational Knowledge
Biblical knowing moves quickly from intellect to experience. Moses pleads, “Please let me know Your ways, that I may know You” (Exodus 33:13). David exults, “Taste and see that the LORD is good” (Psalm 34:8). In such texts, יָדַע binds head and heart, inviting personal encounter with the living God.
Covenantal Knowledge and Election
To “know” often means to choose in covenant love. “For I have chosen him” (Genesis 18:19) literally reads, “I have known him.” “You alone have I known of all the families of the earth” (Amos 3:2). Divine “knowledge” here implies affectionate selection, bringing both privilege and responsibility.
Moral Discernment of Good and Evil
The tree of “the knowledge of good and evil” (Genesis 2:9) sets the stage for humanity’s moral quest. Post-fall, יָדַע describes ethical insight (Deuteronomy 1:39;Isaiah 7:15) and alerts to the danger of self-defined morality (Genesis 3:5). The prophets expose Israel’s failure to “know good” (Jeremiah 4:22) as a root of national ruin.
Intimacy in Marriage
Yָדַע is the Bible’s discreet term for conjugal union: “Adam had relations with his wife Eve” (Genesis 4:1). The idiom underscores that sexual intimacy is personal and covenantal, not merely biological. Hosea’s marriage parable builds on this nuance when the prophet declares, “You will know the LORD” (Hosea 2:20), merging marital and spiritual fidelity.
Divine Foreknowledge and Omniscience
God’s knowledge precedes time and penetrates the soul. “O LORD, You have searched me and known me” (Psalm 139:1). “Before I formed you in the womb I knew you” (Jeremiah 1:5). Such passages ground confidence in divine providence, indicating that no event or thought escapes His notice (2 Chronicles 16:9;Isaiah 40:27-28).
Knowledge as Revelation
True knowledge flows from God’s self-disclosure. Wisdom literature affirms, “The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge” (Proverbs 1:7). Daniel credits God, “He reveals deep and hidden things; He knows what lies in darkness” (Daniel 2:22). Revelation is gracious, not earned; it summons humility and obedience (Deuteronomy 29:29).
Knowledge and Worship
Worshipers are urged, “Be still and know that I am God” (Psalm 46:10). “Those who know Your name trust in You” (Psalm 9:10). Knowledge here evokes awe, confidence, and praise, uniting theology and doxology. The Levitical blessing, temple liturgy, and Psalms continually reinforce that worship grows from knowing who God is.
Prophetic Calls to Know the LORD
A hallmark of prophetic preaching is the refrain, “Then you will know that I am the LORD” (Ezekiel 6:7; 36:23). Judgments and restorations alike serve this purpose. Hosea laments, “My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge” (Hosea 4:6), indicting both priests and populace. The remedy is repentance leading to renewed acquaintance with the LORD (Hosea 6:3).
Wisdom Literature
Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes link knowledge, wisdom, and righteousness. Job confesses, “I have declared that which I did not understand, things too wonderful for me to know” (Job 42:3). Proverbs exhorts the young to “call out for insight and cry aloud for understanding… then you will discover the knowledge of God” (Proverbs 2:3-5).
Knowledge and Accountability
Greater knowledge intensifies responsibility. Israel’s special revelation means stricter discipline (Amos 3:2). Leaders who suppress truth incur judgment (1 Samuel 2:12-17). Conversely, ignorance sometimes mitigates guilt (Genesis 20:6-7) yet never excuses hardened unbelief (Psalm 95:10;Romans 1:18-20, Greek cognate).
Pastoral and Ministry Applications
Old Testament priests were to “teach the sons of Israel all the statutes” (Leviticus 10:11). Ezra “set his heart to study the Law of the LORD and to practice it, and to teach” (Ezra 7:10). Shepherds who failed to feed knowledge brought calamity (Jeremiah 23:1-4). Thus modern ministry must couple sound doctrine with experiential knowledge of God.
Messianic Implications
Isaiah prophesies, “By His knowledge My righteous Servant will justify many” (Isaiah 53:11). The New Covenant promise—“they will all know Me” (Jeremiah 31:34)—finds fulfillment in Christ, “in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge” (Colossians 2:3, Greek). The Messiah imparts life-transforming knowledge, reconciling sinners to God.
Eschatological Hope
The prophets envision a day when “the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the glory of the LORD as the waters cover the sea” (Habakkuk 2:14;Isaiah 11:9). This universal, experiential knowledge marks the consummation of God’s redemptive plan, eradicating ignorance and rebellion forever.
Practical Exhortations for Believers Today
1. Pursue Scripture to grow in knowledge (Psalm 119:66).
2. Combine knowledge with love (1 Corinthians 8:1, Greek parallel).
3. Pray to “know the love of Christ that surpasses knowledge” (Ephesians 3:19, Greek).
4. Guard against mere intellectualism; obey revealed truth (Deuteronomy 29:9).
5. Anticipate future fullness: “Now I know in part; then I shall know fully” (1 Corinthians 13:12, Greek).
Yָדַע thus calls every reader to an ever-deepening encounter with the God who knows, chooses, reveals, and redeems.
Forms and Transliterations
אֵ֝דְעָ֗ה אֵ֭דְעָה אֵדַ֔ע אֵדַ֖ע אֵדַ֗ע אֵדַ֥ע אֵדָ֑ע אֵדָ֔ע אֵדָֽעָה׃ אֵדָֽע׃ אֶתְוַדָּ֔ע אדע אדע׃ אדעה אדעה׃ אוֹדִ֖יעַ אוֹדִ֖יעָה אוֹדִ֗יעַ אוֹדִ֪יעֲךָ֡ אוֹדִֽיעֲךָ֙ אוֹדִֽיעָה־ אוֹדִיעֵ֥ם אודיע אודיעה אודיעה־ אודיעך אודיעם אתודע בְּהִתְוַדַּ֥ע בהתודע דְּֽעוּ־ דְּע֖וּ דְּע֗וּ דְּע֣וּ דְּע֥וּ דְּעִ֖י דְּעִ֣י דְּעִ֤י דְּעֶ֥ה דְּעֽוּ־ דַּ֕ע דַּ֖עַת דַּ֚ע דַּ֚עַת דַּ֣ע דַּ֤ע דַּ֨עַת דַּע֩ דַּעְתִּ֥י דַֽעַת־ דַֽע־ דָעֵ֑הוּ דע דע־ דעה דעהו דעו דעו־ דעי דעת דעת־ דעתי ה֭וֹדִיעֵנוּ הֲ֭יָדַעְתָּ הֲ֭תֵדַע הֲיִוָּדַ֣ע הֲיָד֣וֹעַ הֲיָדַ֕עְתָּ הֲיָדַ֗עְתָּ הֲיָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ הֲיָדֹ֙עַ֙ הֲיָדֹ֤עַ הִוָּ֣דְעִ֔י הַאֵדַ֣ע ׀ הַיְדַעְתֶּ֕ם הַיְדַעְתֶּ֖ם הַיְדַעְתֶּ֗ם הַיֹּֽדְעִים֙ הֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃ הֽ֝וֹדִיעֵ֗נִי הֽוֹדִיעַ֖נִי הֽוֹדַעְתַּ֔נִי האדע הדיעני הוֹדִ֑יעוּ הוֹדִ֖יעוּ הוֹדִ֘יעֵ֤נִי הוֹדִ֣יעַ הוֹדִ֥יעוּ הוֹדִ֧יעַ הוֹדִֽעֲךָ֗ הוֹדִיעֵ֑נִי הוֹדִיעֵ֗נִי הוֹדִיעֵֽם׃ הוֹדִעֵ֤נִי הוֹדִעֻ֕נוּ הוֹדַ֑ע הוֹדַ֖עְתִּי הוֹדַ֖עְתָּ הוֹדַ֙עְתָּ֙ הוֹדַ֣ע הוֹדַ֣עְתִּי הוֹדַ֣עַתָ הוֹדַ֤ע הוֹדַ֥ע הוֹדַעְתִּ֖יךָ הוֹדָֽעְתָּ׃ הודיע הודיעו הודיעם׃ הודיענו הודיעני הודע הודעי הודעך הודענו הודעני הודעת הודעת׃ הודעתי הודעתיך הודעתני הידוע הידע הידעים הידעת הידעתם היודע התדע וְ֝אֵדְעָ֗ה וְ֝יָדַ֗עְתָּ וְ֝יֹדְעִ֗ים וְ֝יֹדְעֵ֗י וְ֝יֹדְעַ֗י וְ֝יֹדְעָ֗יו וְֽ֭יֵדְעוּ וְֽ֭יָדַעְתָּ וְֽיֵדְע֗וּ וְֽיָדְע֞וּ וְֽיָדַעְתָּ֮ וְאֵ֣דְעָ֔ה וְאֵֽדְעָ֗ה וְאֵֽדְעָה֙ וְאֵדְעָ֖ה וְאֵדָ֣עֲךָ֔ וְדַ֡ע וְדַ֣ע וְדַ֥ע וְדַ֥עַת וְדָ֕ע וְה֣וֹדַעְתָּ֔הּ וְהוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃ וְהוֹדַעְתִּ֛י וְהוֹדַעְתִּ֣י וְהוֹדַעְתֶּ֖ם וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֣ וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֥ם וְיֵ֣דְע֔וּ וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙ וְיֵֽדָעֵ֑ם וְיֵדְע֗וּ וְיֵדְעוּ֙ וְיֵדַ֕ע וְיֵדַ֥ע וְיֵדָֽע׃ וְיָ֣דְע֔וּ וְיָ֣דַעְתִּ֔י וְיָ֣דַעְתָּ֔ וְיָֽדְעוּ֙ וְיָֽדַעְתָּ֙ וְיָדְע֖וּ וְיָדְע֗וּ וְיָדְע֣וּ וְיָדְע֤וּ וְיָדְע֥וּ וְיָדְע֨וּ וְיָדְעוּ֙ וְיָדַ֕עַתְּ וְיָדַ֖עַתְּ וְיָדַ֗עַתְּ וְיָדַ֙עְנוּ֙ וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ וְיָדַ֣עְתִּי וְיָדַעְתִּ֗י וְיָדַעְתָּ֖ וְיָדַעְתָּ֗ וְיָדַעְתָּ֣ וְיָדֹ֣עַ וְיֹ֤דְעֵי וְיֹדֵ֖עַ וְיֹדַ֨ע וְלָדַ֕עַת וְלָדַ֜עַת וְנ֣וֹדַעְתִּ֔י וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔ה וְנֵדְעָ֖ה וְנֵדְעָ֣ה וְנֵדָ֔עָה וְנֵדָֽעָה׃ וְנֵדָעֶֽנּוּ׃ וְנֽוֹדְעָה֙ וְנוֹדְעָ֤ה וְנוֹדִ֥יעָה וְנוֹדַ֣ע וְנוֹדַ֤ע וְנוֹדַ֥עְתִּי וְנוֹדָ֖ע וְתֵדַ֕ע וְתֵדַ֨ע וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם וִֽידַעְתֶּ֖ם וִֽידַעְתֶּ֖ן וִֽידַעְתֶּ֗ם וִֽידַעְתֶּם֙ וִֽידַעְתֶּם֮ וִֽידֻעִ֔ים וִיד֣וּעַ וִידַעְתֶּ֕ם וִידַעְתֶּ֖ם וִידַעְתֶּ֗ם וִידַעְתֶּ֞ם וִידֻעִ֖ים וַיִּוָּדַ֤ע וַיֵּ֔דַע וַיֵּ֕דַע וַיֵּ֖דַע וַיֵּ֙דַע֙ וַיֵּ֣דְע֔וּ וַיֵּ֣דַע וַיֵּ֤דַע וַיֵּ֨דַע וַיֵּדְע֣וּ וַיֵּדְע֧וּ וַיֵּדְע֨וּ וַיֹּ֣דַע וַנֵּדָעֵ֑ם וַתֵּדָֽע׃ וַתֵּדָעֵ֑הוּ וָֽאֵדָ֑עָה וָאִוָּדַ֥ע וָאֵ֣דְעָ֔ה וָאֵדַ֕ע וָאֵדַ֖ע וָאֵדָעֲךָ֖ וּ֭דְעוּ וּֽמְיֻדָּעַ֥י וּדְע֗וּ וּדְע֣וּ וּדְע֤וּ וּדְע֥וּ וּדְעִ֤י וּדְעִ֥י וּדְעוּ֙ וּמְיֻדָּֽעִי׃ וּמְיֻדָּעָ֣יו וּמוֹדִיעִ֖ים ואדע ואדעה ואדעך ואודע ודע ודעו ודעי ודעת והודיעני׃ והודעת והודעתה והודעתי והודעתם וידוע וידע וידע׃ וידעו וידעי וידעיו וידעים וידעם וידענו וידעת וידעתי וידעתם וידעתן ויודע ולדעת ומודיעים ומידעי ומידעי׃ ומידעיו ונדעה ונדעה׃ ונדעם ונדענו׃ ונודיעה ונודע ונודעה ונודעתי ותדע ותדע׃ ותדעהו י֣וֹדְעֵי י֥וֹדְעֵי י֭וֹדֵעַ יְֽדַעֲנ֖וּךָ יְדַֽעֲנֽוּם׃ יְדַעְתִּ֔יךָ יְדַעְתִּ֖יךָ יְדַעְתִּ֗יו יְדַעְתִּ֣יךָֽ יְדַעְתִּֽיהָ׃ יְדַעְתִּֽים׃ יְדַעְתִּֽין׃ יְדַעְתֶּ֑ן יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם יְדַעְתֶּ֖ם יְדַעְתֶּ֥ם יְדַעְתֶּֽם׃ יְדַעְתֶּם֙ יְדַעְתָּ֔נִי יְדַעְתָּ֖ם יְדַעְתָּֽם׃ יְדַעְתָּֽנִי׃ יְדַעְתּ֑וֹ יְדָ֣עוֹ יְדָ֫ע֥וּךָ יְדָע֑וּם יְדָע֔וּךָ יְדָע֔וּם יְדָע֔וּנִי יְדָע֖וּךָ יְדָע֗וּם יְדָע֛וּם יְדָע֣וֹ יְדָעָ֑הּ יְדָעָ֔נוּ יְדָעָֽהּ׃ יְדָעֻ֣הוּ יְדָעֽוּם׃ יְיֵדָֽע׃ יִ֭וָּדַע יִדַּ֖עְתָּ יִוָּדֵֽעַ׃ יִוָּדַ֔ע יִוָּדַ֖ע יִוָּדַ֗ע יִוָּדַ֣ע יִוָּדַ֤ע יִוָּדַ֥ע יִוָּדַע֙ יֵ֝דַע יֵ֧דַע יֵ֫דָ֥ע יֵֽדְע֔וּ יֵֽדְע֔וּן יֵֽדַע־ יֵדְע֖וּ יֵדְע֗וּ יֵדְע֗וּן יֵדְע֣וּ יֵדְע֣וּן יֵדְע֥וּ יֵדְע֨וּ יֵדְע֨וּ ׀ יֵדְעוּ֙ יֵדְעוּ֩ יֵדְעוּן֩ יֵדַ֖ע יֵדַ֣ע יֵדַ֤ע יֵדַ֥ע יֵדַ֨ע יֵדָ֑ע יֵדָעֶֽנּוּ׃ יָ֝דְע֗וּ יָ֝דַ֗ע יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי יָ֝דַ֗עְתָּ יָ֠דַעְתָּ יָ֥דְעָה יָ֥דְעוּ יָ֫דָ֥עְתִּי יָ֭דַע יָ֭דַעְתִּי יָ֭דַעְתָּ יָ֭דַעְתִּי יָּ֣דַֽע יָּ֭דַעְתָּ יָֽדְע֔וּ יָֽדְע֨וּ ׀ יָֽדְעָ֔ה יָֽדְעָה֙ יָֽדְעוּ֙ יָד֙וֹעַ֙ יָדְע֔וּ יָדְע֖וּ יָדְע֖וּן יָדְע֗וּ יָדְע֞וּ יָדְע֣וּ יָדְע֤וּ יָדְע֥וּ יָדְעָ֛ה יָדְעָ֣ה יָדְעוּ֙ יָדְעוּ֮ יָדַ֑עְתִּי יָדַ֓ע ׀ יָדַ֔ע יָדַ֔עְנוּ יָדַ֔עְתִּי יָדַ֔עְתָּ יָדַ֔עְתָּה יָדַ֕עְתִּי יָדַ֖ע יָדַ֖עְנוּ יָדַ֖עְתִּי יָדַ֖עְתָּ יָדַ֖עַתְּ יָדַ֗ע יָדַ֗עְתִּי יָדַ֗עְתָּ יָדַ֗עְתִּי יָדַ֙עְנוּ֙ יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ יָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ יָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ יָדַ֛עְתָּ יָדַ֜ע יָדַ֜עְתִּי יָדַ֜עְתָּ יָדַ֡עְתִּי יָדַ֡עְתָּ יָדַ֣ע יָדַ֣עְתִּי יָדַ֣עְתָּ יָדַ֤ע יָדַ֤עְתִּֽי יָדַ֥ע יָדַ֥עְתָּ יָדַ֧עְנוּ יָדַ֨ע יָדַ֪עְנ֫וּ יָדַ֪עְתָּ יָדַֽע־ יָדַע֙ יָדָ֑ע יָדָ֑עְתִּי יָדָ֑עְתָּ יָדָ֑עַתְּ יָדָ֑עוּ יָדָ֔ע יָדָ֔עוּ יָדָ֖עוּ יָדָֽעְנוּ׃ יָדָֽעְתִּי׃ יָדָֽעְתָּ׃ יָדָֽע׃ יָדָֽעוּ׃ יָדֹ֙עַ֙ יָדֹ֣עַ יָדֹ֥עַ יָדֹ֨עַ יֹ֝דֵ֗עַ יֹ֣דְעֵי יֹ֭דֵעַ יֹדְעִ֔ים יֹדְעֵ֖י יֹדְעֵ֣י יֹדְעֵ֥י יֹדְעָ֣יו יֹדִ֥יעוּ יֹדֵ֔עַ יֹדֵ֖עַ יֹדֵ֙עַ֙ יֹדֵ֣עַ יֹדֵ֤עַ יֹדֵ֥עַ יֹדַ֥עַת יֽוֹדְעִ֔ים יֽוֹדְעִ֗ים יֽוֹדְעוֹ֙ ידוע ידיעו ידע ידע־ ידע׃ ידעה ידעה׃ ידעהו ידעו ידעו׃ ידעוך ידעום ידעום׃ ידעון ידעוני ידעי ידעיו ידעים ידענו ידענו׃ ידענוך ידענום׃ ידעת ידעת׃ ידעתה ידעתו ידעתי ידעתי׃ ידעתיה׃ ידעתיו ידעתיך ידעתים׃ ידעתין׃ ידעתם ידעתם׃ ידעתן ידעתני ידעתני׃ יוֹדְעִ֖ים יוֹדְעִ֣ים יוֹדְעֵ֣י יוֹדְעֵ֤י יוֹדְעֵֽנוּ׃ יוֹדְעֶ֙יךָ֙ יוֹדִ֖יעַ יוֹדִ֣יעַ יוֹדִיעֶֽנּוּ׃ יוֹדִעֻֽם׃ יוֹדֵ֔עַ יוֹדֵ֖עַ יוֹדֵ֗עַ יוֹדֵ֙עַ֙ יוֹדֵ֜ע יוֹדֵ֜עַ יוֹדֵ֡עַ יוֹדֵ֣עַ יוֹדֵ֥עַ יוֹדֵֽעַ׃ יוֹדֵעַ֩ יוֹדַ֔עְתִּי יודיע יודיענו׃ יודע יודע׃ יודעו יודעי יודעיך יודעים יודעם׃ יודענו׃ יודעתי יידע׃ לְ֝הוֹדִ֗יעַ לְ֝הוֹדִיעָ֗ם לְֽיֹ֫דְעָ֥י לְדֵעָ֕ה לְדַעְתָּֽה׃ לְדַעְתּ֛וֹ לְהֹדִ֖יעַ לְהוֹדִ֖יעַ לְהוֹדִ֤יעַ ׀ לְהוֹדִ֥יעַ לְהוֹדִֽיעֲךָ֗ לְהוֹדִיעֵ֖נִי לְהוֹדִיעָֽם׃ לְיֹדְעֶ֑יךָ לִֽמְיֻדָּ֫עָ֥י לַיֹּדְעִ֖ים לָ֝דַ֗עַת לָדַ֔עַת לָדַ֕עַת לָדַ֖עַת לָדַ֗עַת לָדַ֙עַת֙ לָדַ֛עַת לָדַ֜עַת לָדַ֣עַת לָדַ֥עַת לָדָ֑עַת לדעה לדעת לדעתה לדעתו להדיע להודיע להודיעך להודיעם להודיעם׃ להודיעני לידעי לידעיך לידעים למידעי מְֽיֻדָּעַ֥י מְיֻדָּעַ֗י מֹודַ֣ע מֽוֹדִיעִם֙ מֽוֹדִיעָ֔ם מוֹדִֽיעֲךָ֔ מוּדַ֥עַת מודיעך מודיעם מודע מודעת מידעי נ֣וֹדַֽע נ֤וֹדַ֨ע ׀ נֵדְעָ֖ה נֵדַ֔ע נֵדַ֗ע נֵדַ֣ע נֵדַע֙ נֵדָ֑ע נֵדָֽע׃ נֹדָֽעוּ׃ נדע נדע׃ נדעה נדעו׃ נוֹדַ֖ע נוֹדַ֖עְתִּי נוֹדַ֗ע נוֹדַ֣ע נוֹדַ֤עְתִּי נוֹדַ֥ע נוֹדַע֙ נוֹדָ֣ע נודע נודעתי תִּוָּדְעִ֣י תִּוָּדֵֽעַ׃ תֵ֝דַ֗ע תֵּ֠דְעוּ תֵּ֭דַע תֵּֽדְע֔וּ תֵּֽדְע֔וּן תֵּֽדְעִ֔ין תֵּֽדְעוּ֙ תֵּדְע֗וּ תֵּדְע֣וּן תֵּדַ֔ע תֵּדַ֖ע תֵּדַ֗ע תֵּדַ֜ע תֵּדַע֙ תֵּדָֽע׃ תֵּדָֽעוּ׃ תֵֽדְעוּ֙ תֵֽדָע֑וּהָ תֵדְע֔וּ תֵדְע֗וּ תֵדְעִי֙ תֵדַ֔ע תֵדַ֣ע תֵדַע֙ תֵדָ֑ע תֵדָ֔ע תֵדָֽעִי׃ תֵדָֽע׃ תּֽוֹדִיעֵנִי֮ תּוֹדִ֑יעַ תדע תדע׃ תדעו תדעו׃ תדעוה תדעון תדעי תדעי׃ תדעין תוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃ תודיע תודיעני תודיעני׃ תודע׃ תודעי ’ê·ḏa‘ ’ê·ḏā‘ ’ê·ḏā·‘āh ’ê·ḏə·‘āh ’êḏa‘ ’êḏā‘ ’êḏā‘āh ’êḏə‘āh ’eṯ·wad·dā‘ ’eṯwaddā‘ ’ō·w·ḏî·‘ă·ḵā ’ō·w·ḏî·‘āh ’ō·w·ḏî·‘āh- ’ō·w·ḏî·‘êm ’ō·w·ḏî·a‘ ’ōwḏî‘āh ’ōwḏî‘āh- ’ōwḏî‘ăḵā ’ōwḏî‘êm ’ōwḏîa‘ bə·hiṯ·wad·da‘ behitvadDa bəhiṯwadda‘ da da‘ ḏa‘- da‘·tî da‘aṯ ḏa‘aṯ- ḏā‘êhū da‘tî da·‘aṯ ḏa·‘aṯ- ḏā·‘ê·hū Daat daEhu daTi də‘eh də‘î də‘ū də‘ū- də·‘eh də·‘î də·‘ū də·‘ū- deEh deI deU eDa eDaah Edeah etvadDa ha’êḏa‘ ha·’ê·ḏa‘ hă·ṯê·ḏa‘ hă·yā·ḏa‘·tā hă·yā·ḏō·a‘ hă·yā·ḏō·w·a‘ hă·yiw·wā·ḏa‘ haeDa haiyodeIm Hateda hăṯêḏa‘ hay·ḏa‘·tem hay·yō·ḏə·‘îm hăyāḏa‘tā hayaData hayaDoa hăyāḏōa‘ hăyāḏōwa‘ hayḏa‘tem haydaTem hayivvaDa hăyiwwāḏa‘ hayyōḏə‘îm hivVadeI hiw·wā·ḏə·‘î hiwwāḏə‘î hō·ḏî·‘ê·nî hō·w·ḏa‘ hō·w·ḏa‘·tā hō·w·ḏa‘·ta·nî hō·w·ḏa‘·tî hō·w·ḏa‘·tî·ḵā hō·w·ḏa·‘a·ṯā hō·w·ḏā·‘ə·tā hō·w·ḏi·‘ă·ḵā hō·w·ḏî·‘a·nî hō·w·ḏi·‘ê·nî hō·w·ḏî·‘ê·nî hō·w·ḏî·‘ê·nū hō·w·ḏî·‘êm hō·w·ḏî·‘ū hō·w·ḏi·‘u·nū hō·w·ḏî·a‘ hoDa hoDaata hoDaeta hoData hodaTani hoDati hodaTicha hōḏî‘ênî hoDia hodiaCha hodiAni hodiEm hodiEni Hodienu hoDiu hodiUnu hōwḏa‘ hōwḏa‘aṯā hōwḏā‘ətā hōwḏa‘tā hōwḏa‘tanî hōwḏa‘tî hōwḏa‘tîḵā hōwḏi‘ăḵā hōwḏî‘anî hōwḏî‘êm hōwḏi‘ênî hōwḏî‘ênî hōwḏî‘ênū hōwḏî‘ū hōwḏi‘unū hōwḏîa‘ lā·ḏa·‘aṯ lā·ḏā·‘aṯ lāḏa‘aṯ lāḏā‘aṯ laDaat laiyodeIm lay·yō·ḏə·‘îm layyōḏə‘îm lə·ḏa‘·tāh lə·ḏa‘·tōw lə·ḏê·‘āh lə·hō·ḏî·a‘ lə·hō·w·ḏî·‘ă·ḵā lə·hō·w·ḏî·‘ām lə·hō·w·ḏî·‘ê·nî lə·hō·w·ḏî·a‘ lə·yō·ḏə·‘āy lə·yō·ḏə·‘e·ḵā ləḏa‘tāh ləḏa‘tōw ledaTah ledaTo ləḏê‘āh ledeAh lehoDia ləhōḏîa‘ lehodiaCha lehodiAm lehodiEni ləhōwḏî‘ăḵā ləhōwḏî‘ām ləhōwḏî‘ênî ləhōwḏîa‘ ləyōḏə‘āy ləyōḏə‘eḵā leYodeAi leyodeEicha lim·yud·dā·‘āy limyuddā‘āy limyudDaAi mə·yud·dā·‘ay məyuddā‘ay meyuddaAi mō·w·ḏa‘ mō·w·ḏî·‘ă·ḵā mō·w·ḏî·‘ām mō·w·ḏî·‘im moDa modiaCha modiAm modiIm mōwḏa‘ mōwḏî‘ăḵā mōwḏî‘ām mōwḏî‘im mū·ḏa·‘aṯ mūḏa‘aṯ muDaat nê·ḏa‘ nê·ḏā‘ nê·ḏə·‘āh neDa nêḏa‘ nêḏā‘ nêḏə‘āh nedeAh nō·ḏā·‘ū nō·w·ḏa‘ nō·w·ḏā‘ nō·w·ḏa‘·tî noDa nōḏā‘ū noDati noDau nōwḏa‘ nōwḏā‘ nōwḏa‘tî oDia odiaCha oDiah odiEm tê·ḏa‘ tê·ḏā‘ ṯê·ḏa‘ ṯê·ḏā‘ ṯê·ḏā·‘î tê·ḏā·‘ū ṯê·ḏā·‘ū·hā ṯê·ḏə·‘î tê·ḏə·‘în tê·ḏə·‘ū ṯê·ḏə·‘ū tê·ḏə·‘ūn teDa têḏa‘ têḏā‘ ṯêḏa‘ ṯêḏā‘ ṯêḏā‘î têḏā‘ū ṯêḏā‘ūhā teDai teDau tedaUha ṯêḏə‘î têḏə‘în têḏə‘ū ṯêḏə‘ū têḏə‘ūn tedeI tedeIn tedeU tedeUn tivvaDea tivvadeI tiw·wā·ḏə·‘î tiw·wā·ḏê·a‘ tiwwāḏə‘î tiwwāḏêa‘ tō·w·ḏî·‘ê·nî ṯō·w·ḏî·‘ê·nî tō·w·ḏî·a‘ toDia todieNi tōwḏî‘ênî ṯōwḏî‘ênî tōwḏîa‘ ū·ḏə·‘î ū·ḏə·‘ū ū·mə·yud·dā·‘āw ū·mə·yud·dā·‘ay ū·mə·yud·dā·‘î ū·mō·w·ḏî·‘îm ūḏə‘î ūḏə‘ū udeI udeU ūməyuddā‘āw ūməyuddā‘ay ūməyuddā‘î umeyuddaAi umeyuddaAv umeyudDai umodiIm ūmōwḏî‘îm vaeDa vaedaaCha vaeDaah vaEdeAh vaivvaDa vaiYeda vaiYedeU vaiyivvaDa vaiYoda vannedaEm vatteDa vattedaEhu veDa veDaat veeDaacha veedeAh vehodaTa veHodaTah vehodaTam vehodaTem vehodaTi vehodiEni velaDaat veneDaah venedaEnnu venedeAh venoDa venodAh venoDati venoDiah veteDa veyaDaat veyaDanu veyadaTa veyadaTi veyadeU veyaDoa veyeDa veyedaEm veyedeU veyoDa veyoDea veyodeAi veyodeAv veyodeEi veyodeIm vidaTem vidaTen viDua viduIm wā’êḏa‘ wā’êḏā‘āh wā’êḏā‘ăḵā wā’êḏə‘āh wā’iwwāḏa‘ wā·’ê·ḏa‘ wā·’ê·ḏā·‘ă·ḵā wā·’ê·ḏā·‘āh wā·’ê·ḏə·‘āh wā·’iw·wā·ḏa‘ wan·nê·ḏā·‘êm wannêḏā‘êm wat·tê·ḏā‘ wat·tê·ḏā·‘ê·hū wattêḏā‘ wattêḏā‘êhū way·yê·ḏa‘ way·yê·ḏə·‘ū way·yiw·wā·ḏa‘ way·yō·ḏa‘ wayyêḏa‘ wayyêḏə‘ū wayyiwwāḏa‘ wayyōḏa‘ wə’êḏā‘ăḵā wə’êḏə‘āh wə·’ê·ḏā·‘ă·ḵā wə·’ê·ḏə·‘āh wə·ḏa‘ wə·ḏā‘ wə·ḏa·‘aṯ wə·hō·w·ḏa‘·tā wə·hō·w·ḏa‘·tāh wə·hō·w·ḏa‘·tām wə·hō·w·ḏa‘·tem wə·hō·w·ḏa‘·tî wə·hō·w·ḏî·‘ê·nî wə·lā·ḏa·‘aṯ wə·nê·ḏā·‘āh wə·nê·ḏā·‘en·nū wə·nê·ḏə·‘āh wə·nō·w·ḏa‘ wə·nō·w·ḏā‘ wə·nō·w·ḏa‘·tî wə·nō·w·ḏî·‘āh wə·nō·wḏ·‘āh wə·ṯê·ḏa‘ wə·yā·ḏa‘·nū wə·yā·ḏa‘·tā wə·yā·ḏa‘·tî wə·yā·ḏa·‘at wə·yā·ḏə·‘ū wə·yā·ḏō·a‘ wə·yê·ḏa‘ wə·yê·ḏā‘ wə·yê·ḏā·‘êm wə·yê·ḏə·‘ū wə·yō·ḏa‘ wə·yō·ḏə·‘āw wə·yō·ḏə·‘ay wə·yō·ḏə·‘ê wə·yō·ḏə·‘îm wə·yō·ḏê·a‘ wəḏa‘ wəḏā‘ wəḏa‘aṯ wəhōwḏa‘tā wəhōwḏa‘tāh wəhōwḏa‘tām wəhōwḏa‘tem wəhōwḏa‘tî wəhōwḏî‘ênî wəlāḏa‘aṯ wənêḏā‘āh wənêḏā‘ennū wənêḏə‘āh wənōwḏ‘āh wənōwḏa‘ wənōwḏā‘ wənōwḏa‘tî wənōwḏî‘āh wəṯêḏa‘ wəyāḏa‘at wəyāḏa‘nū wəyāḏa‘tā wəyāḏa‘tî wəyāḏə‘ū wəyāḏōa‘ wəyêḏa‘ wəyêḏā‘ wəyêḏā‘êm wəyêḏə‘ū wəyōḏa‘ wəyōḏə‘āw wəyōḏə‘ay wəyōḏə‘ê wəyōḏə‘îm wəyōḏêa‘ wî·ḏa‘·tem wî·ḏa‘·ten wî·ḏu·‘îm wî·ḏū·a‘ wîḏa‘tem wîḏa‘ten wîḏu‘îm wîḏūa‘ yā·ḏa‘ yā·ḏā‘ yā·ḏa‘- yā·ḏa‘·nū yā·ḏa‘·tā yā·ḏa‘·tāh yā·ḏa‘·tî yā·ḏa·‘at yā·ḏā·‘at yā·ḏā·‘ə·nū yā·ḏā·‘ə·tā yā·ḏā·‘ə·tî yā·ḏā·‘ū yā·ḏə·‘āh yā·ḏə·‘ū yā·ḏə·‘ūn yā·ḏō·a‘ yā·ḏō·w·a‘ yaDa yāḏa‘ yāḏā‘ yāḏa‘- yāḏa‘at yāḏā‘at yāḏā‘ənū yāḏā‘ətā yāḏā‘ətî yāḏa‘nū yāḏa‘tā yāḏa‘tāh yāḏa‘tî yāḏā‘ū yaDaat yaDaenu yaDaeta yaDaeti yaDanu yaData yaDatah yaDati yaDau yāḏə‘āh yāḏə‘ū yāḏə‘ūn yadeAh yadeU yadeUn yaDoa yāḏōa‘ yāḏōwa‘ yê·ḏa‘ yê·ḏā‘ yê·ḏa‘- yə·ḏa‘·tā·nî yə·ḏa‘·tām yə·ḏa‘·tem yə·ḏa‘·ten yə·ḏa‘·tî·hā yə·ḏa‘·tî·ḵā yə·ḏa‘·tîm yə·ḏa‘·tîn yə·ḏa‘·tîw yə·ḏa‘·tōw yə·ḏā·‘ā·nū yə·ḏa·‘ă·nū·ḵā yə·ḏa·‘ă·nūm yə·ḏā·‘āh yê·ḏā·‘en·nū yə·ḏā·‘ōw yə·ḏā·‘u·hū yə·ḏā·‘ū·ḵā yə·ḏā·‘ū·nî yə·ḏā·‘ūm yê·ḏə·‘ū yê·ḏə·‘ūn yə·yê·ḏā‘ yeDa yêḏa‘ yêḏā‘ yêḏa‘- yəḏā‘āh yəḏā‘ānū yəḏa‘ănūḵā yəḏa‘ănūm yêḏā‘ennū yəḏā‘ōw yəḏa‘tām yəḏa‘tānî yəḏa‘tem yəḏa‘ten yəḏa‘tîhā yəḏa‘tîḵā yəḏa‘tîm yəḏa‘tîn yəḏa‘tîw yəḏa‘tōw yəḏā‘uhū yəḏā‘ūḵā yəḏā‘ūm yəḏā‘ūnî yedaAh yedaAnu yedaaNucha yeDaaNum yedaEnnu yedaO yeDaov yedaTam yedaTani yedaTem yedaTen yedaTicha yedaTiha yedaTim yedaTin yedaTiv yedaTo yeDaUcha yedaUhu yedaUm yedaUni yêḏə‘ū yêḏə‘ūn yedeU yedeUn yeyeDa yəyêḏā‘ yid·da‘·tā yidda‘tā yidData yivvaDa yivvaDea yiw·wā·ḏa‘ yiw·wā·ḏê·a‘ yiwwāḏa‘ yiwwāḏêa‘ yō·ḏa·‘aṯ yō·ḏə·‘āw yō·ḏə·‘ê yō·ḏə·‘îm yō·ḏê·a‘ yō·ḏî·‘ū yō·w·ḏa‘·tî yō·w·ḏê‘ yō·w·ḏê·a‘ yō·w·ḏî·‘en·nū yō·w·ḏi·‘um yō·w·ḏî·a‘ yō·wḏ·‘ê yō·wḏ·‘e·ḵā yō·wḏ·‘ê·nū yō·wḏ·‘îm yō·wḏ·‘ōw yōḏa‘aṯ yoDaat yoDati yoDe yōḏə‘āw yōḏə‘ê yōḏə‘îm yoDea yōḏêa‘ yodeAv yodeEi yodEi yodEicha yodeIm yodEnu yōḏî‘ū yoDia yodiEnnu yodIm yoDiu yodiUm yodO yōwḏ‘ê yōwḏ‘eḵā yōwḏ‘ênū yōwḏ‘îm yōwḏ‘ōw yōwḏa‘tî yōwḏê‘ yōwḏêa‘ yōwḏî‘ennū yōwḏi‘um yōwḏîa‘
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