Strong's Lexicon
charash: To be silent, to be still, to plow, to engrave, to devise
Original Word:חָרַשׁ
Part of Speech:Verb
Transliteration:charash
Pronunciation:khaw-rash'
Phonetic Spelling:(khaw-rash')
Definition:To be silent, to be still, to plow, to engrave, to devise
Meaning:to scratch, to engrave, plough, to fabricate, to devise, to be silent, to let alone, to be deaf
Word Origin:A primitive root
Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: -σιωπάω (siōpaō): To be silent, to hold one's peace
-ἐπινοέω (epinoeō): To devise, to plan
Usage:The Hebrew verb "charash" carries a range of meanings depending on the context. Primarily, it means "to be silent" or "to be still," often implying a deliberate choice to refrain from speaking or acting. It can also mean "to plow," referring to the act of tilling the ground, or "to engrave," indicating the act of inscribing or carving. Additionally, "charash" can mean "to devise" or "to plan," often with a connotation of crafting or plotting.
Cultural and Historical Background:In ancient Israelite culture, the act of being silent or still was often associated with wisdom and reverence, particularly in the presence of God or during times of reflection and decision-making. Plowing was a fundamental agricultural activity, essential for preparing the land for sowing and ensuring a good harvest. Engraving was a skilled craft, important for creating inscriptions and artistic designs, often used in religious and cultural artifacts. The concept of devising plans was significant in both positive and negative contexts, reflecting the human capacity for creativity and strategy.
Brown-Driver-Briggs
I. [] (Late Hebrew
id., plough, so Eth
Phoenician , Aramaic (rare)
engrave,
cleave, plough, Arabic
plough) —
PerfectPsalm 129:3,Judges 14:18;Hosea 10:13;ImperfectIsaiah 28:24;Proverbs 20:4;Hosea 10:11+Amos 6:12 (see below); 2 masculine singularDeuteronomy 22:10;Proverbs 3:29;Infinitive construct1 Samuel 8:12;ParticipleGenesis 4:22 5t.;Amos 9:13; pluralPsalm 129:3,Job 4:8 3t., feminine plural absoluteJob 1:14;passiveJeremiah 17:1: —
cut in, engrave, of worker in metalsGenesis 4:22 (J),1 Kings 7:14; figurativeJeremiah 17:1engraved on the tablet of their heart.
plough, literally, human subject (animal usually with ), no object expressed1 Kings 19:19;Deuteronomy 22:10;Isaiah 28:24, soAmos 6:12 (but read probably , see We and others); with accusative of congnate meaning with verb1 Samuel 8:12plough his ploughing (=do his ploughing),Proverbs 20:4; figurative of JudahHosea 10:11; with ethical referenceHosea 10:13 ("" ),Job 4:8 ("" , );Psalm 129:3upon my back have ploughmen ploughed (figurative of oppression by wicked); =ploughmanIsaiah 28:24;Amos 9:13 ("" ); with oxen subject onlyJob 1:14.
devise (as one whoworks in, practises), usually bad sense, objectProverbs 3:29,Proverbs 6:14;Proverbs 6:18,Proverbs 12:20;Proverbs 14:22; but alsoProverbs 14:22.
Imperfect3feminine singularMicah 3:12 Zion, as a field sheshall be ploughed =Jeremiah 26:18.
Participle1 Samuel 23:9fabricating mischief against (see Dr, and compare We).
II. [] ;
. (Late Hebrew Pi`elmake deaf; Aramaic
,
be dumb, deaf; Arabic
be dumb, speechless, compare Assyrian—arâšu,restrain, according to DlPr 100; see LagBN 120) —
ImperfectPsalm 50:3; 2masculine singularPsalm 28:1;Psalm 83:2;Psalm 35:22;Psalm 109:1;Psalm 39:13; 3feminine pluralMicah 7:16; —
be silent, always of God's keeping silence when men prayPsalm 35:22;Psalm 50:3;Psalm 83:2;Psalm 109:1; followed byPsalm 39:13.
be deaf, subject , followed byPsalm 28:1; subjectMicah 7:16.
PerfectNumbers 30:15;Genesis 34:5; consecutiveNumbers 30:5;Numbers 30:8; consecutiveNumbers 30:12;Esther 7:4 2t. etc.;ImperfectNumbers 30:15 2t. (includingZephaniah 3:17 see below); 2 masculine singularHabakkuk 1:13; jussive1 Samuel 7:8; 2masculine pluralJob 13:5;Exodus 14:14, etc.;ImperativeJudges 18:19 2t.;2 Samuel 13:20;Job 13:13;Isaiah 41:1;Infinitive absoluteNumbers 30:15 2t.;ParticipleGenesis 24:21 2t. (including1 Samuel 10:27 see below);2 Samuel 19:11; —
be silent (=exhibit silence)
Genesis 24:21;Genesis 34:5;Exodus 14:14 (all J),Judges 18:19;2 Samuel 13:20;2 Samuel 19:11;2 Kings 18:36 =Isaiah 36:21;Jeremiah 4:19;Job 6:24;Job 13:5 (twice in verse);Job 13:19;Job 33:31,33;Proverbs 11:12;Proverbs 17:28;Psalm 32:3;Nehemiah 5:8;Esther 4:14 (twice in verse);Esther 7:4; also1 Samuel 10:27 (but read ratherand it came to pass after about a month, Dr);Zephaniah 3:17 ( hewill renew his love, see especially BuhlZAW see 1885, 183); with personkeep silence at one, i.e. fail to make objection at proper timeNumbers 30:5;Numbers 30:8;Numbers 30:12;Numbers 30:15 (3 t. in verse) (all P);Isaiah 41:1 pregnantly =come silently unto me; followed by personcease to speak withJeremiah 38:27;be silent about, pass by in silence, followed by accusativeJob 41:4.
Habakkuk 1:13;Isaiah 42:14;Psalm 50:21.
.make silent, with accusativeJob 11:3.
be deaf, shew deafness:1 Samuel 7:8be not deaf (turning)from us, so as not to cry.
Imperfect3masculine pluralJudges 16:2and they kept quiet.
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
altogether, cease, conceal, be deaf, devise, ear, graven, imagine,
A primitive root; to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to fabricate (of any material); figuratively, to devise (in a bad sense); hence (from the idea of secrecy) to be silent, to let alone; hence (by implication) to be deaf (as an accompaniment of dumbness) -- X altogether, cease, conceal, be deaf, devise, ear, graven, imagine, leave off speaking, hold peace, plow(-er, man), be quiet, rest, practise secretly, keep silence, be silent, speak not a word, be still, hold tongue, worker.
Forms and Transliterations
אַחֲרִ֑ישׁ אַחֲרִ֖ישׁ אַחֲרִ֣ישׁ אַחֲרִ֥ישׁ אחריש הֶ֭חֱרַשְׁתִּי הֶחֱרִ֥שׁ הֶחֱרַ֔שְׁתִּי הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁ הַחֲרִ֙ישִׁי֙ הַחֲרִ֣ישׁוּ הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ הַחֲרֵ֜שׁ הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ הַחֲרֵשׁ֩ הַחֹרֵ֖שׁ החרישו החרישי החרש החרשתי וְֽהֶחֱרַ֗שְׁתִּי וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁ וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁוּ וְהֶחֱרִ֣שׁ וְהֶחֱרִ֥ישׁ וְהֶחֱרִ֥שׁ וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁ וַֽיַּחֲרִ֔ישׁוּ וַיִּתְחָרְשׁ֤וּ וַיַּחֲרִ֣שׁוּ והחריש והחרישו והחרש והחרשתי ויחרישו ויחרשו ויתחרשו ולחרש חֲרַשְׁתֶּ֣ם חֲרַשְׁתֶּם־ חֲרוּשָׁה֙ חָרְשׁ֣וּ חָרַ֣שׁ חֹ֣רְשֵׁי חֹ֭רֵשׁ חֹֽרְשׁ֔וֹת חֹרְשִׁ֑ים חֹרֵ֔שׁ חֹרֵ֣שׁ חוֹרֵשׁ֙ חורש חרושה חרש חרשו חרשות חרשי חרשים חרשתם חרשתם־ יֶ֫חֱרַ֥שׁ יַחֲר֖וֹשׁ יַחֲר֣וֹשׁ יַחֲרִ֑ישׁו יַחֲרִ֨ישׁ יַחֲרִֽישׁ׃ יַחֲרִישׁ֙ יַחֲרֹ֑שׁ יַחֲרֹ֥שׁ יחרוש יחריש יחריש׃ יחרישו יחרש כְּמַחֲרִֽישׁ׃ כמחריש׃ מַ֭חֲרִישׁ מַחֲרִ֕ישׁ מַחֲרִ֣ישׁ מַחֲרִשִׁ֖ים מחריש מחרשים רָעָ֑ה רעה תֵֽחָרֵ֑שׁ תֵֽחָרֵשׁ֙ תֶּ֫חֱרַ֥שׁ תֶּֽחֱשֶׁ֥ה תֶּחֱרַ֑שׁ תֶּחֱרַ֖שׁ תֶּחֱרַ֪שׁ תֶּחֱרַֽשְׁנָה׃ תֶּחֱרַֽשׁ׃ תַּחֲרִ֕ישׁ תַּחֲרִישִׁי֮ תַּחֲרִישֽׁוּן׃ תַּחֲרִישׁ֑וּן תַּחֲרֵ֣שׁ תַחֲרֹ֥שׁ תחריש תחרישון תחרישון׃ תחרישי תחרש תחרש׃ תחרשנה׃ תחשה ’a·ḥă·rîš ’aḥărîš achaRish chaRash charashTem chareShu charuShah choResh Choreshei choreShim choreShot ha·ḥă·rêš ha·ḥă·rî·šî ha·ḥă·rî·šū ha·ḥō·rêš ḥā·raš ḥă·raš·tem ḥă·raš·tem- ḥā·rə·šū ḥă·rū·šāh hachaResh hachaRishi hachaRishu hachoResh haḥărêš haḥărîšî haḥărîšū haḥōrêš ḥāraš ḥăraštem ḥăraštem- ḥārəšū ḥărūšāh he·ḥĕ·raš·tî he·ḥĕ·riš hecheRashti hecheRish heḥĕraštî heḥĕriš ḥō·rə·šê ḥō·rə·šîm ḥō·rə·šō·wṯ ḥō·rêš ḥō·w·rêš ḥōrêš ḥōrəšê ḥōrəšîm ḥōrəšōwṯ ḥōwrêš kə·ma·ḥă·rîš kemachaRish kəmaḥărîš ma·ḥă·ri·šîm ma·ḥă·rîš machaRish machariShim maḥărîš maḥărišîm rā‘āh rā·‘āh raAh ta·ḥă·rêš ta·ḥă·rî·šî ta·ḥă·rî·šūn ta·ḥă·rîš ṯa·ḥă·rōš tachaResh tachaRish tachariShi tachariShun tachaRosh taḥărêš taḥărîš taḥărîšî taḥărîšūn ṯaḥărōš ṯê·ḥā·rêš te·ḥĕ·raš te·ḥĕ·raš·nāh te·ḥĕ·šeh techaResh techeRash techeRashnah techeSheh ṯêḥārêš teḥĕraš teḥĕrašnāh teḥĕšeh vaiyachaRishu vaiyitchareShu vehecheRashti vehecheRish vehecheRishu velachaRosh way·ya·ḥă·ri·šū way·ya·ḥă·rî·šū way·yiṯ·ḥā·rə·šū wayyaḥărišū wayyaḥărîšū wayyiṯḥārəšū wə·he·ḥĕ·raš·tî wə·he·ḥĕ·rî·šū wə·he·ḥĕ·riš wə·he·ḥĕ·rîš wə·la·ḥă·rōš wəheḥĕraštî wəheḥĕriš wəheḥĕrîš wəheḥĕrîšū wəlaḥărōš ya·ḥă·rî·šw ya·ḥă·rîš ya·ḥă·rō·wōš ya·ḥă·rōš yachaRish yachaRishv yachaRoosh yachaRosh yaḥărîš yaḥărîšw yaḥărōš yaḥărōwōš ye·ḥĕ·raš yecheRash yeḥĕraš
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