Lexical Summary
ab: father, fathers, father's
Original Word:אָב
Part of Speech:Noun Masculine
Transliteration:ab
Pronunciation:ahv
Phonetic Spelling:(awb)
KJV: chief, (fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal
NASB:father, fathers, father's, fathers', forefathers, households
Word Origin:[a primitive word. Compare names beginning with "Abi-"]
1. father
{in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application}
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
chief, principal
A primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application) -- chief, (fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names in "Abi-".
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Originfrom an unused word
Definitionfather
NASB Translationancestors (1), family* (1), father (571), Father (8), father's (137), fathers (333), fathers' (120), fathers' households (1), forefather (1), forefathers (27), grandfather (1), grandfathers (1), households (5), Huram-abi* (2), sons (1).
Brown-Driver-Briggs
1191 (Phoenician , Assyrian
abu, Arabic
, Sabean CIS
iv, 1, 37 1. 2 and others, Ethiopic
Aramaic ,
— absolute
Genesis 44:19 47t.; construct
Genesis 17:4,5; (compare in
ib. & elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposed see ); (compare Ge
§§ 90, 3b, 96)
Genesis 4:20 +; suffix
Genesis 19:34 + (MI );
Genesis 12:1 +;
Genesis 2:24 +;
Judges 14:10 + 6t.; plural
Exodus 12:3 +; construct
Exodus 6:25 7t.; suffix (, )
Genesis 47:9 15t.;
1 Chronicles 4:38 32t. (late);
Exodus 4:5 106t. etc.; —
father of individualGenesis 2:24 (+ )Genesis 11:28,29 (twice in verse);Genesis 19:31,32,33, + often (mostly J E D); of father as commandingGenesis 50:16 (J)Jeremiah 35:6 fProverbs 6:20 (compareGenesis 18:19; JGenesis 28:1,6 P1 Samuel 17:20;1 Kings 2:1); instructingProverbs 1:8;Proverbs 4:1 (compareDeuteronomy 8:5); specifically as begetter,genitorProverbs 23:22;Zechariah 13:3 (twice in verse) (+ )Isaiah 45:10; compareGenesis 49:4 (J)Leviticus 18:7,8,11 (P); rebukingGenesis 37:10; lovingGenesis 37:4;Genesis 44:20 (J E; compareGenesis 22:2;Genesis 25:28;Genesis 37:3;2 Samuel 14:1); pityingPsalm 103:13 (in simile compare2 Samuel 18:5); blessingGenesis 27:41 (J E compareGenesis 27:4; alsoGenesis 28:1 P +); as gladProverbs 10:1;Proverbs 15:20; compareProverbs 29:3; grievingGenesis 37:35 (J E; compare2 Samuel 12:22;2 Samuel 19:1;2 Samuel 19:2 f) etc. Also as object of honour, obedience, loveExodus 20:12 (E) =Deuteronomy 5:16;Exodus 21:15,17 (E)Deuteronomy 21:18,19;Genesis 28:7 (P)1 Kings 19:20 (all + ), 1Ki 50:1; 1Ki 50:5 (J)Malachi 1:6 etc. Hence metaphor ofintimate connectionJob 17:14to corruption I cry, My father art thou ("" ).
of Godas father of his people (see RSSem 42), who constituted, controls, guides and lovingly watches over it:Deuteronomy 32:6;Jeremiah 3:4,19;Jeremiah 31:9;Isaiah 63:16 (twice in verse);Isaiah 64:7;Malachi 1:6;Malachi 2:10 (compareExodus 4:22;Exodus 19:4 (JE)Deuteronomy 32:11;Hosea 11:1); compareJeremiah 2:27 (of idolatrous Israel) ; especially God asfather of Davidic line2 Samuel 7:14;Psalm 89:27;f. of needy (late)Psalm 68:6 (comparePsalm 103:13) (in proper name,f. of individual, compare below)
head of household, family or clan; as abodeGenesis 38:11 (twice in verse);Leviticus 22:13 +; = familyGenesis 24:40 ("" )Genesis 41:51;Genesis 46:31 #NAME?Numbers 18:1,2;Joshua 2:12,18;Joshua 6:25; especially techn. of divisions of IsraelNumbers 3:30,35 = a father's house, i.e. a family or clan; more often plural (, ) = father's houses = families, clans (compare Di onExodus 6:14)Exodus 6:14;Exodus 12:3;Numbers 1:2,18 ff (often in Numbers)Joshua 14:1;Joshua 19:51;Joshua 21:1 (twice in verse);Joshua 22:14 (twice in verse) (always P in Hexateuch); also1 Chronicles 5:13,15 + often in Chronicles; compare (= )Exodus 6:25 compare1 Kings 8:1;1 Chronicles 6:4;1 Chronicles 7:11 #NAME? Ezra Nehemiah.
ancestor (
) (instead of precise term)Genesis 28:13;Genesis 32:10 (J; where used by Jacob of Abraham & then of Isaac); greatgrandfather1 Kings 15:13; great-greatgrandfather1 Kings 15:11 etc.; oft plural (=fathers, forefathers)Genesis 15:15;Genesis 46:34 (JE)1 Kings 19:4;1 Kings 21:3,4;2 Kings 19:12;2 Kings 20:17 +; particularly1 Kings 1:21;1 Kings 2:10;1 Kings 11:21;1 Kings 22:40 +; joined with1 Kings 14:31;1 Kings 15:24;1 Kings 22:51;2 Kings 8:24;2 Kings 15:38 compare2 Kings 15:7,2 Kings 16:20 + (all of kings of Judah); intensive,Exodus 10:6 compareDaniel 11:24; (
)Genesis 10:21 (J)Genesis 17:4,5 (P)Genesis 19:37,38 (J)Genesis 36:9,43 (P)Deuteronomy 26:5;Isaiah 51:2;Isaiah 43:27 (wherethy first father, see Che) compare alsoEzekiel 16:3,45 + often; pluralExodus 3:13,15,16 (E)Deuteronomy 1:8;Joshua 1:6;Judges 2:1;1 Samuel 12:6 +;1 Samuel 12:15 near the end read We Dr.
originator orpatron of a class, profession, or artGenesis 4:20,21.
figurative ofproducer, GeneratorJob 38:28 ("" ).
figurative ofbenevolence & protectionJob 29:6 , compareJob 31:18; of EliakimIsaiah 22:21; perhaps also of gracious Messianic kingIsaiah 9:5everlasting father (Ge Ew De Che Brd Di) — othersdivider of spoil (Abarb Hi Kn Kue BrMP).
respect &honour (Abbas, Pater, Papa, Pope); applied to master2 Kings 5:13; priestJudges 17:10;Judges 18:19; prophet2 Kings 2:12 (twice in verse);2 Kings 6:21;2 Kings 13:14 (twice in verse); compare2 Kings 8:9; counsellorGenesis 45:8 (E; compare add.Esther 3:13; 1Mac Esth 11:32); king1 Samuel 24:12; artificer 2Chron 2:12; 2 Chronicles 4:16.
specifically,ruler, chief (late)1 Chronicles 2:24,42 (twice in verse); etc. (compare Ew§ 273 b) see also EwGeschichte. i. 524. H i. 365. On the force of in proper names (in many probably a divine title), see CheEncy. Bib., ABI, NAMES WITH Nöib., NAMES, §§ 44, 45.
,Aleph, first letter; in post Biblical Hebrew = numeral 1 (and so in margin of printed MT); = 1000; no evidence of this usage in OT times.
see II. .
(fresh, bright, Assyrianabâbu Dlw, AGI.)
Topical Lexicon
Overview of Usage in ScriptureThe Hebrew noun אָב occurs about 1,200 times across every genre of the Old Testament. Its primary sense is “father,” but the breadth of usage stretches from literal parenthood to metaphor, covenant titles, vocational founders, and poetic idioms. The word can denote (1) a male parent, (2) an ancestor of any distance, (3) the head or representative of a household or clan, (4) a benefactor or protector, and (5) the source or originator of a practice or object.
Patriarchal and Familial Relationships
From the first pages of Genesis, אָב establishes the structure of family life. Adam is called the “father” of the human race (Genesis 2–5). Marriage is framed by the exhortation, “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife” (Genesis 2:24). The patriarchal narratives show Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob functioning as fathers not only biologically but covenantally; the promises given to them secure blessing “for you and your descendants after you” (Genesis 17:7). The Decalogue enshrines honor toward parents as the fifth commandment: “Honor your father and mother, so that your days may be long in the land that the LORD your God is giving you” (Exodus 20:12).
Father as Head of Household and Covenant Representative
In ancient Israel the father served as priest, judge, and teacher within the family. Job offered sacrifices “for all his children” (Job 1:5). Fathers blessed or cursed their offspring with legal force (Genesis 27; 49). Moses commanded, “These words…I command you today…teach them diligently to your children” (Deuteronomy 6:6-7). A father could annul a daughter’s vow (Numbers 30:3-5), illustrate his juridical authority.
Genealogies and Tribal Identity
Lists such asGenesis 5; 10; 11;Numbers 1; and1 Chronicles 1–9 rely on אָב to trace lineage. The expression “house of the father” designates extended family units within tribes (Numbers 1:2). Possession of land and inheritance rights hinged on paternal descent (Numbers 27:1-11). Kings appealed to fatherly lineage for legitimacy (1 Kings 15:11;2 Chronicles 21:12).
Metaphorical and Figurative Uses
1. Founder of a craft or lifestyle: “Jabal…was the father of those who dwell in tents” (Genesis 4:20); “Jubal…father of all who play the harp and flute” (Genesis 4:21).
2. Master/mentor: Elisha cried, “My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and their horsemen!” to Elijah (2 Kings 2:12), revealing filial devotion between prophet and disciple.
3. Political or spiritual patron: Joseph was called “a father to Pharaoh” (Genesis 45:8).
4. Personification of traits: Job names God “Father of the rain” (Job 38:28), picturing origin and control.
5. Idolatry and sin: “You are the father of lies” (a later New Testament echo,John 8:44) reflects the same idiom.
Fatherhood in Relation to God
While divine fatherhood is less frequent in the Hebrew Bible than in the New Testament, its presence is pivotal. God asks Israel, “Is He not your Father who created you?” (Deuteronomy 32:6).Psalm 68:5 proclaims, “A father of the fatherless and a defender of widows is God in His holy habitation.” The prophets intensify the motif: “You, O LORD, are our Father” (Isaiah 63:16); “I am Israel’s Father, and Ephraim is My firstborn” (Jeremiah 31:9). Malachi employs the covenantal logic of shared paternity: “Do we not all have one Father? Has not one God created us?” (Malachi 2:10).
Messianic Anticipation and Fulfillment
Isaiah foretells a royal Son called “Everlasting Father” (Isaiah 9:6), blending kingship with paternal care—an anticipation realized in Jesus Christ, who reveals the Father (John 14:9) while shepherding His people with fatherly compassion. The Davidic covenant’s promise, “I will be his Father, and he shall be My son” (2 Samuel 7:14), lays the theological groundwork later expounded inHebrews 1:5.
Instruction, Discipline, and Inheritance
Proverbs frames wisdom as paternal instruction: “Hear, my sons, a father’s instruction…“ (Proverbs 4:1). Discipline is an act of love: “He who spares the rod hates his son” (Proverbs 13:24). The Hebrew heritage of inheritance—double portion for the firstborn, redemption of land, and levirate obligations—assumes a living or deceased father as legal anchor (Deuteronomy 21:17;Ruth 4).
Fatherlessness and Social Responsibility
Concern for orphans arises from God’s character as Father. Israel is commanded, “Do not take advantage of a widow or orphan” (Exodus 22:22). Neglect of the fatherless is a mark of societal decay in the prophets (Isaiah 10:2;Jeremiah 7:6). Conversely, restoration is pictured as the turning of “the hearts of the fathers to their children” (Malachi 4:6).
Liturgical and Prayer Language
Psalms often invoke the fathers to ground petition in covenant history: “Our fathers trusted in You” (Psalm 22:4). Nehemiah’s prayer recounts “the sins of the sons of Israel which we have committed against You—both my father’s house and I have sinned” (Nehemiah 1:6). Corporate confession links present worshipers with ancestral fathers, reinforcing continuity.
Prophetic and Wisdom Literature Emphasis
The prophets repeatedly cite the misguided ways of “your fathers” to call the nation to repentance (Zechariah 1:4). Ecclesiastes warns that generational amnesia renders human toil vain because “there is no remembrance of former things” (Ecclesiastes 1:11). Yet wisdom literature also treasures ancestral legacy: “Do not move an ancient boundary stone set up by your fathers” (Proverbs 22:28).
Christological and Apostolic Echoes in the New Testament
Although strictly outside the lexical domain of אָב, the New Testament advances its theology. Jesus reveals God as “Abba, Father” (Mark 14:36), and Paul writes, “Through Him we both have access to the Father by one Spirit” (Ephesians 2:18). Apostolic ministry employs fatherly imagery for pastoral care: “For I became your father in Christ Jesus through the gospel” (1 Corinthians 4:15).
Practical Ministry Applications
1. Family discipleship: Biblical fatherhood calls men to teach, model, and guard covenant faith at home.
2. Pastoral shepherding: Church leaders emulate fatherly care, combining authority with tenderness.
3. Care for the vulnerable: Since God is “Father of the fatherless,” His people must champion orphans, widows, and marginalized families.
4. Intergenerational unity: Malachi’s vision encourages ministries that bridge generational gaps, honoring forebears while mentoring youth.
5. Gospel proclamation: Presenting salvation in familial terms—adoption by the Father—resonates deeply in cultures shaped by patriarchy or plagued by fatherlessness.
Concluding Observations
Across narrative, law, poetry, and prophecy, אָב anchors Israel’s social structure, covenant identity, and theological vision. The concept climaxes in the revelation of God as Father and is consummated in the Son who brings many sons to glory. Far from an archaic relic, the biblical doctrine of fatherhood remains vital for faith, family, and ministry today.
Forms and Transliterations
אֲ֠בִיהֶם אֲ֠בוֹתֶיךָ אֲ֭בֹתֶיךָ אֲ֭בֹתָיו אֲ֭בוֹתָם אֲב֘וֹתֵ֤ינוּ אֲב֣וֹת אֲב֣וֹתֵיהֶ֔ם אֲב֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם אֲב֥וֹת אֲבִ֕י אֲבִ֖י אֲבִ֣י אֲבִ֤י אֲבִ֥י אֲבִ֧י אֲבִ֨י אֲבִֽי־ אֲבִי֙ אֲבִי־ אֲבִיהֶ֑ם אֲבִיהֶ֑ן אֲבִיהֶ֔ם אֲבִיהֶ֖ם אֲבִיהֶ֖ן אֲבִיהֶ֗ם אֲבִיהֶ֛ם אֲבִיהֶ֛ן אֲבִיהֶ֤ם אֲבִיהֶ֨ם אֲבִיהֶֽם׃ אֲבִיהֶֽן׃ אֲבִיהֶם֙ אֲבִיכֶ֑ם אֲבִיכֶ֔ם אֲבִיכֶ֔ן אֲבִיכֶ֖ם אֲבִיכֶ֛ם אֲבִיכֶ֜ם אֲבִיכֶ֤ם אֲבִיכֶ֥ם אֲבִיכֶֽם׃ אֲבִיכֶֽן׃ אֲבִיכֶם֙ אֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם אֲבֹֽתֵיהֶ֔ם אֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם אֲבֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃ אֲבֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ אֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ אֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ אֲבֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ אֲבֹתֵ֛ינוּ אֲבֹתֵ֤ינוּ אֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃ אֲבֹתֵיהֶ֖ם אֲבֹתֵיהֶ֗ם אֲבֹתֵיהֶ֜ם אֲבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ אֲבֹתֵיכֶ֑ם אֲבֹתֵיכֶ֔ם אֲבֹתֵיכֶ֖ם אֲבֹתֵיכֶ֗ם אֲבֹתֵיכֶ֜ם אֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ אֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ אֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ אֲבֹתֶ֗יךָ אֲבֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲבֹתֶ֛יךָ אֲבֹתֶֽיךָ׃ אֲבֹתַ֔י אֲבֹתַ֖י אֲבֹתַ֤י אֲבֹתַי֙ אֲבֹתָ֑י אֲבֹתָ֑יו אֲבֹתָ֑ם אֲבֹתָ֔יו אֲבֹתָ֔ם אֲבֹתָ֖יו אֲבֹתָ֖ם אֲבֹתָ֗יו אֲבֹתָ֜יו אֲבֹתָֽיו׃ אֲבֹתָֽם׃ אֲבֹתָיו֙ אֲבֹתָם֙ אֲבֹתָם֮ אֲבֽוֹתֵיהֶ֖ם אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֡ם אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶ֗ם אֲבוֹתֵ֑ינוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֔ינוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֖ינוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֗ינוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ אֲבוֹתֵ֛ינוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֜ינוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֥ינוּ אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ׃ אֲבוֹתֵיהֶ֑ם אֲבוֹתֵיהֶ֔ם אֲבוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם אֲבוֹתֵיהֶ֧ם אֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֗ם אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֛ם אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֜ם אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֤ם אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֥ם אֲבוֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ אֲבוֹתֶ֖יךָ אֲבוֹתֶֽיךָ׃ אֲבוֹתַ֔י אֲבוֹתָ֑י אֲבוֹתָ֑יו אֲבוֹתָ֑ם אֲבוֹתָ֔ם אֲבוֹתָ֖ם אֲבוֹתָ֗ם אֲבוֹתָ֛ם אֲבוֹתָ֜ם אֲבוֹתָ֣ם אֲבוֹתָֽי׃ אֲבוֹתָֽם׃ אֲבוֹתָם֙ אֲבוֹתָם֩ אַב־ אָ֑ב אָ֔ב אָ֖ב אָ֘בִ֤יו אָ֛ב אָ֜ב אָ֠בִיו אָ֣ב אָ֣בִי אָ֤ב אָ֭ב אָב֑וֹת אָב֔וֹת אָב֖וֹת אָב֗וֹת אָב֙ אָב֛וֹת אָב֞וֹת אָב֣וֹת אָב֤וֹת אָב֧וֹת אָב֨וֹת אָבִ֑֔יו אָבִ֑י אָבִ֑יהָ אָבִ֑יהוּ אָבִ֑יו אָבִ֑יךָ אָבִ֑ינוּ אָבִ֔י אָבִ֔יהָ אָבִ֔יו אָבִ֔יךְ אָבִ֔יךָ אָבִ֔ינוּ אָבִ֖י אָבִ֖יהָ אָבִ֖יהוּ אָבִ֖יו אָבִ֖יךְ אָבִ֖יךָ אָבִ֖ינוּ אָבִ֗י אָבִ֗יהָ אָבִ֗יו אָבִ֗יךְ אָבִ֗יךָ אָבִ֗ינוּ אָבִ֙יהָ֙ אָבִ֙יךָ֙ אָבִ֙ינוּ֙ אָבִ֛י אָבִ֛יו אָבִ֛יךְ אָבִ֛יךָ אָבִ֛ינוּ אָבִ֜י אָבִ֜יהָ אָבִ֜יו אָבִ֜יךָ אָבִ֞י אָבִ֞יו אָבִ֡יךָ אָבִ֣י אָבִ֣י ׀ אָבִ֣יה אָבִ֣יהָ אָבִ֣יו אָבִ֣יךְ אָבִ֣יךָ אָבִ֣ינוּ אָבִ֤י אָבִ֤יהָ אָבִ֤יו אָבִ֤יךָ אָבִ֥י אָבִ֥יהָ אָבִ֥יו אָבִ֥יךְ אָבִ֥יךָ אָבִ֧יהוּ אָבִ֧יו אָבִ֨י אָבִ֨יהָ אָבִ֨יו אָבִ֨יךְ אָבִ֨יךָ אָבִֽי׃ אָבִֽיהָ׃ אָבִֽיהוּ׃ אָבִֽיו׃ אָבִֽיךְ׃ אָבִֽיךָ׃ אָבִֽינוּ׃ אָבִי֒ אָבִי֙ אָבִי֩ אָבִי֮ אָבִיהוּ֮ אָבִיו֙ אָבִיו֮ אָבִיךָ֒ אָבִינוּ֮ אָבֹ֖ת אָבֹ֧ת אָבֽוֹת׃ אָבוֹת֙ אב אב־ אבות אבות׃ אבותי אבותי׃ אבותיהם אבותיהם׃ אבותיו אבותיך אבותיך׃ אבותיכם אבותיכם׃ אבותינו אבותינו׃ אבותכם אבותם אבותם׃ אבי אבי־ אבי׃ אביה אביה׃ אביהו אביהו׃ אביהם אביהם׃ אביהן אביהן׃ אביו אביו׃ אביך אביך׃ אביכם אביכם׃ אביכן אביכן׃ אבינו אבינו׃ אבת אבתי אבתיהם אבתיהם׃ אבתיו אבתיו׃ אבתיך אבתיך׃ אבתיכם אבתיכם׃ אבתינו אבתינו׃ אבתם אבתם׃ בַּאֲבֹתֶ֛יךָ בַּאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֗ם באבותיכם באבתיך הָֽאָב֔וֹת הָֽאָב֗וֹת הָֽאָב֣וֹת הָֽאָבוֹת֙ הָאָ֑ב הָאָ֗ב הָאָ֛ב הָאָב֑וֹת הָאָב֔וֹת הָאָב֖וֹת הָאָב֗וֹת הָאָב֛וֹת הָאָב֜וֹת הָאָב֣וֹת הָאָב֤וֹת הָאָב֥וֹת הָאָב֧וֹת הָאָבֽוֹת׃ הָאָבוֹת֙ האב האבות האבות׃ וְאָב֙ וְאָבִ֖יו וְאָבִ֗יו וְאָבִ֙יהָ֙ וְאָבִ֙יךָ֙ וְאָבִ֣י וְאָבִ֣יו וְאָבִ֥י וְאָבִ֥יו וְאָבִ֨יו וְאָבִיו֙ וְהָֽאָבוֹת֙ וְהָאָב֧וֹת וְלַֽאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְלַאֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃ וְלַאֲבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ וְלַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם וְלַאֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ וְלַאֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם וַ֝אֲבוֹתֵ֗ינוּ וַֽאֲבִ֥י וַֽאֲבוֹתָ֑ם וַאֲב֣וֹת וַאֲבִ֣י וַאֲבִיהֶ֖ם וַאֲבִיכֶ֖ן וַאֲבִיכֶן֙ וַאֲבֹֽתֵיהֶם֙ וַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ וַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ וַאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וַאֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ וַאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ׃ וַאֲבֽוֹתֵיהֶ֖ם וַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם וַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֛ם וַאֲבוֹתֵ֔ינוּ וַאֲבוֹתַ֔י וַאֲבוֹתָם֙ וּ֝כְאָ֗ב וּבַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ וּלְאָבִ֔יו וּלְאָבִ֖יו וּלְאָבִ֞יו ואב ואבות ואבותי ואבותיהם ואבותיכם ואבותינו ואבותם ואבי ואביה ואביהם ואביו ואביך ואביכן ואבתיהם ואבתיך ואבתיך׃ ואבתיכם׃ ואבתינו ובאבתיכם׃ והאבות וכאב ולאבותיהם׃ ולאבותיכם ולאביו ולאבתיהם׃ ולאבתיך ולאבתיכם ולאבתינו ולאבתינו׃ כְאָ֑ב כְאָבִ֖יו כַּאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ כַּאֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם כַּאֲבוֹתָ֑ם כַּאֲבוֹתָ֗ם כַאֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֡ם כאב כאבותיכם כאבותם כאביו כאבתיכם לְ֭אָבִיו לְ֭אָבִיךָ לְאַ֖ב לְאָ֑ב לְאָ֔ב לְאָ֖ב לְאָ֛ב לְאָ֜ב לְאָ֡ב לְאָ֣ב לְאָֽב׃ לְאָב֑וֹת לְאָב֔וֹת לְאָב֮ לְאָבִ֑י לְאָבִ֑יו לְאָבִ֑ינוּ לְאָבִ֔יהָ לְאָבִ֔יו לְאָבִ֔יךָ לְאָבִ֔ינוּ לְאָבִ֖י לְאָבִ֖יו לְאָבִ֖יךָ לְאָבִ֖ינוּ לְאָבִ֗י לְאָבִ֗יו לְאָבִ֛יו לְאָבִ֣י לְאָבִ֣יו לְאָבִ֤יו לְאָבִ֥יו לְאָבִ֧י לְאָבִֽיהָ׃ לְאָבִיו֒ לְבֵ֥ית לַֽאֲבוֹתָ֑ם לַֽאֲבוֹתָם֙ לַאֲב֣וֹתֵיהֶ֔ם לַאֲבִ֣י לַאֲבִ֥י לַאֲבִיהֶֽם׃ לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם לַאֲבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם לַאֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם לַאֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ לַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ לַאֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ לַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃ לַאֲבֹתֵיהֶ֖ם לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶ֖ם לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶ֛ם לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ לַאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ לַאֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ לַאֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ לַאֲבֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ לַאֲבֹתֶ֛יךָ לַאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ׃ לַאֲבֹתָ֑ם לַאֲבֹתָ֖ם לַאֲבֹתָ֗יו לַאֲבֹתָֽיו׃ לַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם לַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֗ם לַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ לַאֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ לַאֲבוֹתָ֑ם לַאֲבוֹתָ֔ם לַאֲבוֹתָ֖ם לַאֲבוֹתָֽם׃ לאב לאב׃ לאבות לאבותיהם לאבותיהם׃ לאבותיכם לאבותיכם׃ לאבותם לאבותם׃ לאבי לאביה לאביה׃ לאביהם׃ לאביו לאביך לאבינו לאבתיהם לאבתיו לאבתיו׃ לאבתיך לאבתיך׃ לאבתיכם לאבתיכם׃ לאבתינו לאבתינו׃ לאבתם לבית מֵֽאֲבוֹתָ֔ם מֵֽאָבִ֔ינוּ מֵֽאָבִיךְ֙ מֵאֲבִיהֶֽן׃ מֵאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ׃ מֵאֲבֹתָֽי׃ מֵאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם מֵאֲבוֹתָֽם׃ מֵאָבִ֖ינוּ מֵאָבִ֣יךָ מאבותיכם מאבותם מאבותם׃ מאביהן׃ מאביך מאבינו מאבתי׃ מאבתיך׃ ’ă·ḇî ’ā·ḇî ’ă·ḇî- ’ā·ḇî·hā ’ă·ḇî·hem ’ă·ḇî·hen ’ā·ḇî·hū ’ā·ḇî·ḵā ’ă·ḇî·ḵem ’ă·ḇî·ḵen ’ā·ḇî·nū ’ā·ḇîh ’ā·ḇîḵ ’ā·ḇîw ’ă·ḇō·ṯām ’ă·ḇō·ṯāw ’ă·ḇō·ṯay ’ă·ḇō·ṯāy ’ă·ḇō·ṯê·hem ’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā ’ă·ḇō·ṯê·ḵem ’ă·ḇō·ṯê·nū ’ă·ḇō·w·ṯām ’ă·ḇō·w·ṯāw ’ă·ḇō·w·ṯay ’ă·ḇō·w·ṯāy ’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·hem ’ă·ḇō·w·ṯe·ḵā ’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·ḵem ’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·nū ’ă·ḇō·wṯ ’ā·ḇō·wṯ ’ā·ḇōṯ ’āḇ ’aḇ- ’ăḇî ’āḇî ’ăḇî- ’āḇîh ’āḇîhā ’ăḇîhem ’ăḇîhen ’āḇîhū ’āḇîḵ ’āḇîḵā ’ăḇîḵem ’ăḇîḵen ’āḇînū ’āḇîw ’āḇōṯ ’ăḇōṯām ’ăḇōṯāw ’ăḇōṯay ’ăḇōṯāy ’ăḇōṯêhem ’ăḇōṯeḵā ’ăḇōṯêḵem ’ăḇōṯênū ’ăḇōwṯ ’āḇōwṯ ’ăḇōwṯām ’ăḇōwṯāw ’ăḇōwṯay ’ăḇōwṯāy ’ăḇōwṯêhem ’ăḇōwṯeḵā ’ăḇōwṯêḵem ’ăḇōwṯênū av aVi aVich aVicha aviChem aviChen aVih aViha aviHem aviHen aVihu aVinu aViv aVot avoTai avoTam avoTav avoteChem avoTeicha avoteiChem aVoteiHem avoTeinu Avotom ba’ăḇōṯeḵā ba’ăḇōwṯêḵem ba·’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā ba·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·ḵem baavoTeicha baavoteiChem chaavoteiChem cheAv cheaViv hā’āḇ hā’āḇōwṯ hā·’ā·ḇō·wṯ hā·’āḇ haAv haaVot ḵa’ăḇōṯêḵem ka’ăḇōwṯām ka’ăḇōwṯêḵem ḵa·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·ḵem ka·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯām ka·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·ḵem kaavoTam kaavoteiChem ḵə’āḇ ḵə’āḇîw ḵə·’ā·ḇîw ḵə·’āḇ la’ăḇî la’ăḇîhem la’ăḇōṯām la’ăḇōṯāw la’ăḇōṯêhem la’ăḇōṯeḵā la’ăḇōṯêḵem la’ăḇōṯênū la’ăḇōwṯām la’ăḇōwṯêhem la’ăḇōwṯêḵem la·’ă·ḇî la·’ă·ḇî·hem la·’ă·ḇō·ṯām la·’ă·ḇō·ṯāw la·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·hem la·’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā la·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·ḵem la·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·nū la·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯām la·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·hem la·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·ḵem laaVi laaviHem laavoTam laavoTav laavoTeicha laaVoteiChem laaVoteiHem laavoTeinu lə’aḇ lə’āḇ lə’āḇî lə’āḇîhā lə’āḇîḵā lə’āḇînū lə’āḇîw lə’āḇōwṯ lə·’ā·ḇî lə·’ā·ḇî·hā lə·’ā·ḇî·ḵā lə·’ā·ḇî·nū lə·’ā·ḇîw lə·’ā·ḇō·wṯ lə·’aḇ lə·’āḇ lə·ḇêṯ leAv leaVi leaVicha leaViha leaVinu leaViv leaVot ləḇêṯ leVeit mê’ăḇîhen mê’āḇîḵ mê’āḇîḵā mê’āḇînū mê’ăḇōṯāy mê’ăḇōṯeḵā mê’ăḇōwṯām mê’ăḇōwṯêḵem mê·’ă·ḇî·hen mê·’ā·ḇî·ḵā mê·’ā·ḇî·nū mê·’ā·ḇîḵ mê·’ă·ḇō·ṯāy mê·’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā mê·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯām mê·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·ḵem meaviCh meaVicha meaviHen meaVinu meavoTai meavoTam meavoTeicha meavoteiChem ū·ḇa·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·ḵem ū·ḵə·’āḇ ū·lə·’ā·ḇîw ūḇa’ăḇōṯêḵem ucheAv ūḵə’āḇ ūlə’āḇîw uleaViv uvaavoteiChem vaaVi vaaviChen vaaviHem vaaVot vaavoTai vaavoTam vaavoTeicha vaavoteiChem vaavoteiHem vaavoTeinu veAv veaVi veaVicha veaViha veaViv vehaaVot velaavoTeicha velaavoteiChem velaavoteiHem velaavoTeinu wa’ăḇî wa’ăḇîhem wa’ăḇîḵen wa’ăḇōṯêhem wa’ăḇōṯeḵā wa’ăḇōṯêḵem wa’ăḇōṯênū wa’ăḇōwṯ wa’ăḇōwṯām wa’ăḇōwṯay wa’ăḇōwṯêhem wa’ăḇōwṯêḵem wa’ăḇōwṯênū wa·’ă·ḇî wa·’ă·ḇî·hem wa·’ă·ḇî·ḵen wa·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·hem wa·’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā wa·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·ḵem wa·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·nū wa·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯām wa·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯay wa·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·hem wa·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·ḵem wa·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·nū wa·’ă·ḇō·wṯ wə’āḇ wə’āḇî wə’āḇîhā wə’āḇîḵā wə’āḇîw wə·’ā·ḇî wə·’ā·ḇî·hā wə·’ā·ḇî·ḵā wə·’ā·ḇîw wə·’āḇ wə·hā·’ā·ḇō·wṯ wə·la·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·hem wə·la·’ă·ḇō·ṯe·ḵā wə·la·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·ḵem wə·la·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·nū wə·la·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·hem wə·la·’ă·ḇō·w·ṯê·ḵem wəhā’āḇōwṯ wəla’ăḇōṯêhem wəla’ăḇōṯeḵā wəla’ăḇōṯêḵem wəla’ăḇōṯênū wəla’ăḇōwṯêhem wəla’ăḇōwṯêḵem
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