Lexical Summary
echó: To have, to hold, to possess
Original Word:ἔχω
Part of Speech:Verb
Transliteration:echó
Pronunciation:eh'-kho
Phonetic Spelling:(ekh'-o)
KJV: be (able, X hold, possessed with), accompany, + begin to amend, can(+ -not), X conceive, count, diseased, do + eat, + enjoy, + fear, following, have, hold, keep, + lack, + go to law, lie, + must needs, + of necessity, + need, next, + recover, + reign, + rest, + return, X sick, take for, + tremble, + uncircumcised, use
NASB:have, has, had, having, holding, hold, possessed
Word Origin:[a primary verb]
1. to hold (such as possession, ability, contiuity, relation, or condition)
{used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote}
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
to have, hold
Including an alternate form scheo skheh'-o; (used in certain tenses only); a primary verb; to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or condition) -- be (able, X hold, possessed with), accompany, + begin to amend, can(+ -not), X conceive, count, diseased, do + eat, + enjoy, + fear, following, have, hold, keep, + lack, + go to law, lie, + must needs, + of necessity, + need, next, + recover, + reign, + rest, + return, X sick, take for, + tremble, + uncircumcised, use.
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origina prim. verb
Definitionto have, hold
NASB Translationability (1), able (1), accompany (1), acknowledge* (1), am (2), become (1), been (3), being (1), being under (1), bringing (1), conceived* (1), consider (2), considered (2), could (2), derive (1), deriving (1), devoid* (1), enjoyed (1), experiencing (1), felt (1), following (1), get (2), gripped (1), had (80), has (134), have (283), have had (2), having (50), held (1), hold (5), holding (7), holds (2), ill* (5), incurring (1), involves (1), keep (3), keeping (3), kept (1), maintain (1), maintained (1), maintaining (1), meets (1), nearby (1), next (2), obliged* (1), obtain (2), obtained (1), owned (3), possess (2), possessed (4), possesses (1), receive (1), received (1), recover* (1), regard (2), regarded (1), reigns* (1), remember* (1), retain (1), seize (1), show (1), think* (1), unable* (1), under (1), under* (1), use (1), without* (3).
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 2192: ἔχωἔχω; future
ἕξω; imperfect
εἶχον (1 person plural
ἐιχαμεν,
2 John 1:5TTrWH), 3 person plural
ἐιχαν (
Mark 8:7LTTrWH;
Revelation 9:8LTTrWH; but cf. (
Sophocles Lexicon, Introduction, p. 38;
Tdf. Proleg., p. 123;
WHs Appendix, p. 165);
Buttmann, 40 (35)) and
εἴχοσαν (
LTTrWH in
John 15:22, 24; but cf. Alexander
Buttmann (1873) in Theol. Studien und Kritiken 1858, pp. 485ff 491; see his N. T. Gr., p. 43 (37); (
Sophocles Lexicon, Introduction, p. 39;
Tdf. Proleg., p. 124;
WHs Appendix, p. 165; cf.
δολιόω)); present middle participle
ἐχόμενος;
to have — with 2 aorist active
ἔσχον; perfect
ἔσχηκα;
I. Transitively.
1.to have equivalent toto hold;
a.to have (hold) in the hand:τίἐντῇχειρί,Revelation 1:16;Revelation 6:5;Revelation 10:2;Revelation 17:4; and simply,Revelation 5:8;Revelation 8:3, 6;Revelation 14:6, etc.;Hebrews 8:3.
b. in the sense ofwearing (Latingestare); of garments, arms and the like:τόἔνδυμα,Matthew 3:4;Matthew 22:12;κατάκεφαλῆςἔχων, namely,τί, having a covering hanging down from the head, i. e. having the head covered (Buttmann, § 130, 5;Winer's Grammar, § 47, k. cf. 594 (552)),1 Corinthians 11:4;θώρακας,Revelation 9:17;μάχαιραν,John 18:10; addMatthew 26:7;Mark 14:3; of a tree having (bearing) leaves,Mark 11:13;ἐνγαστρίἔχειν, namely,ἔμβρυον, to be pregnant (cf.Winers Grammar, 594 (552);Buttmann, 144 (126)) (seeγαστήρ, 2). Metaphorically,ἐνἑαυτῷἔχειντόἀπόκριμα,2 Corinthians 1:9;τήνμαρτυρίαν,1 John 5:10;ἐνκαρδίαἔχειντινα, to have (carry) one in one's heart, to love one constantly,Philippians 1:7.
c. tropically,to have (hold) possession of the mind; said of alarm, agitating emotions, etc.:ἐίχειναὐτάςτρόμοςκαίἔκστασις,Mark 16:8 (Job 21:6;Isaiah 13:8, and often in secular authors; cf.Passow, under the word, p. 1294f; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, A. I. 8)).
d.to hold fast, keep:ἡμνᾶσου,ἥνεἶχονἀποκειμένηνἐνσουδαρίῳ,Luke 19:20; tropically,τόνΘεόνἔχεινἐνἐπιγνώσει,Romans 1:28; to keep in mind,τάςἐντολάς,John 14:21 (seeἐντολή, under the end);τήνμαρτυρίαν,Revelation 6:9;Revelation 12:17;Revelation 19:10;τόμυστήριοντῆςπίστεωςἐνκαθαράσυνειδήσει,1 Timothy 3:9;ὑποτύπωσινὑγιαινόντωνλόγων,2 Timothy 1:13.
e.to have (in itself or as a consequence),comprise, involve:ἔργον,James 1:4;James 2:17;κόλασιν,1 John 4:18;μισθαποδοσίαν,Hebrews 10:35 (Wis. 8:16). See examples from Greek authors inPassow, under the word, p. 1296f; (Liddell and Scott, see A. I. 8 and 10).
f. by a Latinism equivalent toaestimo,to regard, consider, hold as (but this sense is still denied by Meyer, on Luke as below;Matthew 14:5):τινα with the accusative of the predicate,ἔχεμεπαρῃτημένον, have me excused,Luke 14:18;τιναὡςπροφήτην,Matthew 14:5;Matthew 21:26 (ἔχεινἸαννηνκαίἸαμβρηνὡςΘεούς,Ev. Nicod. 5);τιναἔντιμον (seeἔντιμος),Philippians 2:29;τήνψυχήνμου (G omitsμου)τιμίανἐμαυτῷ,Acts 20:24RG;τιναεἰςπροφήτην (a Hebraism (seeεἰς, B. II. 3 c.Ψ. at the end)), for a prophet,Matthew 21:46LTTrWH, cf.Buttmann, § 131, 7;τινα,ὅτιὄντως (TTrWHὄντως,ὅτι etc.)προφήτηςἦν,Mark 11:32, cf.Buttmann, § 151, 1 a.; (Winer's Grammar, § 66, 5 a.).
2. to have equivalent toto own, possess;
a. external things such as pertain to property, riches, furniture, utensils, goods, food, etc.: asτόνβίον,Luke 21:4;1 John 3:17;κτήματα,Matthew 19:22;Mark 10:22;θησαυρόν,Matthew 19:21;Mark 10:21;ἀγαθά,Luke 12:19;πρόβαταLuke 15:4;John 10:16;δραχμάς,Luke 15:8;πλοῖα,Revelation 18:19;κληρονομίαν,Ephesians 5:5; (cf.Matthew 21:38 LTTrWH, whereRGκατάσχωμεν);μέρος followed byἐν with the dative of the thing,Revelation 20:6;θυσιαστήριον,Hebrews 13:10;ὅσαἔχεις,Mark 10:21;Mark 12:44;Matthew 13:44, 46;Matthew 18:25;μηδέν,2 Corinthians 6:10;τίδέἔχεις,ὁ etc.1 Corinthians 4:7; with a predicate accusative added,εἶχονἅπαντακοινά,Acts 2:44; absolutelyἔχειν,to have property, to be rich:οὐκ andμήἔχειν (A. V.to have not), to be destitute, be poor,Matthew 13:12;Matthew 25:29;Mark 4:25;Luke 8:18;Luke 19:26;1 Corinthians 11:22;2 Corinthians 8:12 (Nehemiah 8:10; 1 Esdr. 9:51, 54; Sir. 13:5; examples from Greek authors inPassow, under the word, p. 1295b; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, A. I. l; cf.Winer's Grammar, 594 (552)));ἐκτοῦἔχειν, in proportion to your means (seeἐκ, II. 13 at the end),2 Corinthians 8:11.
b. Under the head of possession belongs the phraseἔχειντινα as commonly used of those joined to anyone by the bonds of nature, blood, marriage, friendship, duty, law, compact, and the like:πατέρα,John 8:41;ἀδελφούς,Luke 16:28;ἄνδρα (a husband),John 4:17;Galatians 4:27;γυναῖκα,1 Corinthians 7:2, 12f, 29;τέκνα,Matthew 21:28;Matthew 22:24;1 Timothy 3:4;Titus 1:6;υἱούς,Galatians 4:22;σπέρμα, offspring,Matthew 22:25;χήρας,1 Timothy 5:16;ἀσθενοῦντας,Luke 4:40;φίλον,Luke 11:5;παιδαγωγούς,1 Corinthians 4:15;ἔχεινκύριον, to have (be subject to) a master,Colossians 4:1;δεσπότην,1 Timothy 6:2;βασιλέα,John 19:15; withἐφ'ἑαυτῶν added,Revelation 9:11;ἔχειτόνκρίνοντααὐτόν,John 12:48;ἔχεινοἰκονόμον,Luke 16:1;δοῦλον,Luke 17:7;ἀρχιερέα,Hebrews 4:14;Hebrews 8:1;ποιμένα,Matthew 9:36;ἔχωνὑπ'ἐμαυτόνστρατιώτας,Luke 12:8;ἔχειντόνυἱόνκαίτόνπατέρα, to be in living union with the Son (Christ) and the Father by faith, knowledge, profession,1 John 2:23; (1 John 5:12);2 John 1:9. With two accusatives, one of which serves as a predicate:πατέρατόνἈβραάμ,Abraham for our father,Matthew 3:9; add,Acts 13:5;Philippians 3:17;Hebrews 12:9;ἔχειντιναγυναῖκα, to have (use) a woman (unlawfully) as a wife,Matthew 14:4;Mark 6:18;1 Corinthians 5:1 (where see Meyer) (of lawful marriage,Xenophon, Cyril 1, 5, 4).
c. of attendance or companionship:ἔχειντιναμεθ'ἑαυτοῦ,Matthew 15:30;Matthew 26:11;Mark 2:19;Mark 14:7;John 12:8.
d.ἔχειντίto have a thingin readiness, have at hand, have in store:οὐκἔχομενεἰμήπέντεἄρτους,Matthew 14:17; add,Matthew 15:34;John 2:3 (notTdf.);;1 Corinthians 11:22;1 Corinthians 14:26;οὐκἔχω,ὁπαραθήσωαὐτῷ,Luke 11:6;ποῦσυνάξωτούςκαρπούςμου,Luke 12:17;τί (cf.Buttmann, § 139, 58)φάγωσι,Mark 8:1f;ἔχειντινα,to have one at hand, be able to make use of:Μωϋσέακαίτάςπροφήτας,Luke 16:29;παράκλητον,1 John 2:1;μάρτυρας,Hebrews 12:1;οὐδέναἔχω etc.Philippians 2:20;ἄνθρωπον,ἵνα etc.John 5:7.e. a person or thing is saidἔχειν those things which are its parts or are members of his body: asχεῖρας,πόδας,ὀφθαλμούς,Matthew 18:8;Mark 9:43, 45, 47;οὖς,Revelation 2:7, 11, etc.;ὦτα,Matthew 11:15;Mark 7:16 (TWH omit;Tr brackets the verse);Mark 8:18;μέλη,Romans 12:4;1 Corinthians 12:12;σάρκακαίὀστέα,Luke 24:39;ἀκροβυστίαν,Acts 11:3; an animal is saidἔχειν head, horns, wings, etc.:Revelation 4:7;Revelation 5:6;Revelation 8:9;Revelation 9:8ff; 12:3, etc.; a house, city, or wall,ἔχεινθεμελίους,Hebrews 11:10;Revelation 21:14;στάσιν,Hebrews 9:8; (addἐπιστολήνἔχουσαν (RGπεριέχουσαν)τόντύποντοῦτον,Acts 23:25).
f. one is saidto have the diseases or other ills with which he is affected or afflicted:μάστιγας,Mark 3:10;ἀσθενείας,Acts 28:9; wounds,Revelation 13:14;θλῖψιν,John 16:33;1 Corinthians 7:28;Revelation 2:10. Here belong the expressionsδαιμόνιονἔχειν, to be possessed by a demon,Matthew 11:18;Luke 7:33;Luke 8:27;John 7:20;John 8:48f, 52;John 10:20;Βηλζεβουλ,Mark 3:22;πνεῦμαἀκάθαρτον,Mark 3:30;Mark 7:25;Luke 4:33;Acts 8:7;πνεῦμαπονηρόν,Acts 19:13;πνεῦμαἀσθενείας, i. e. a demon causing infirmity,Luke 13:11;πνεῦμαἄλαλον,Mark 9:17;λεγεῶνα,Mark 5:15.
g. one is saidto have intellectual or spiritual faculties, endowments, virtues, sensations, desires, emotions, affections, faults, defects, etc.:σοφίαν,Revelation 17:9;γνῶσιν,1 Corinthians 8:1, 10;χαρίσματα,Romans 12:6;προφητείαν,1 Corinthians 13:2;πίστιν,Matthew 17:20;Matthew 21:21;Mark 11:22;Luke 17:6;Acts 14:9;Romans 14:22;1 Timothy 1:19;Philemon 1:5;πεποίθησιν,2 Corinthians 3:4;Philippians 3:4;παρρησίαν,Philemon 1:8;Hebrews 10:19;1 John 2:28;1 John 3:21;1 John 4:17;1 John 5:14;ἀγάπην,John 5:42;John 13:35;John 15:13;1 John 4:16;1 Corinthians 13:1ff;2 Corinthians 2:4;Philippians 2:2;Philemon 1:5;1 Peter 4:8;ἐλπίδα (seeἐλπίς, 2, p. 206a middle);ζῆλον, zeal,Romans 10:2; envy, jealousy (ἐντῇκαρδία),James 3:14;χάριντίνι, to be thankful to one,Luke 17:9;1 Timothy 1:12;2 Timothy 1:3;θυμόν,Revelation 12:12;ὑπομονήν,Revelation 2:3;φόβον,1 Timothy 5:20;χαράν,Philemon 1:7 (Rec.stχάριν);3 John 1:4 (WH textχάριν);λύπην,John 16:21;2 Corinthians 2:3;Philippians 2:27;ἐπιθυμίαν,Philippians 1:23;ἐπιποθίαν,Romans 15:23;μνείαντίνος,1 Thessalonians 3:6.συνείδησινκαλήν,ἀγαθήν,ἀπρόσκοπον:Acts 24:16;1 Timothy 1:19;1 Peter 3:16;Hebrews 13:18;συνείδησινἁμαρτιῶν,Hebrews 10:2;ἀγνωσίανΘεοῦ,1 Corinthians 15:34;ἀσθένειαν,Hebrews 7:28;ἁμαρτίαν,John 9:41;John 15:22, etc. h. of age and time:ἡλικίαν, mature years (A. V.to be of age),John 9:21, 23;ἔτη, to have (completed) years, be years old,John 8:57; withἐντίνι added: in a state or condition,John 5:5 (Winers Grammar, 256 (240) note{3};Buttmann, § 147, 11); in a place,τέσσαραςἡμέραςἐντῷμνημείῳ,John 11:17; beginning or end, or both,Hebrews 7:3;Mark 3:26;Luke 22:37 (seeτέλος, 1 a.). i.ἔχειντί is said of opportunities, benefits, advantages, conveniences, which one enjoys or can make use of:βάθοςγῆς,Matthew 13:5;γῆνπολλήν,Mark 4:5;ἰκμάδα,Luke 8:6;καιρόν,Galatians 6:10;Hebrews 11:15;Revelation 12:12;ἐξουσίαν, seeἐξουσία, passim;εἰρήνηνδιάτίνος,Romans 5:1 (where we must readἔχομεν, not (withTTrWHL marginal reading (cf.WH. Introductory § 404))ἔχωμεν);ἐλευθερίαν,Galatians 2:4;πνεῦμαΘεοῦ,1 Corinthians 7:40;πνεῦμαΧριστοῦ,Romans 8:9;νοῦνΧριστοῦ,1 Corinthians 2:16;ζωήν,John 5:40;John 10:10;John 20:31;τήνζωήν,1 John 5:12;ζωήναἰώνιον,Matthew 19:16;John 3:15f, 36 (cf.Winer's Grammar, 266 (249));;1 John 5:13;ἐπαγγελίας,2 Corinthians 7:1;Hebrews 7:6;μισθόν,Matthew 5:46;Matthew 6:1;1 Corinthians 9:17;τάαἰτήματα, the things which we have asked,1 John 5:15;ἔπαινον,Romans 13:3;τιμήν,John 4:44;Hebrews 3:3;λόγονσοφίας, a reputation for wisdom,Colossians 2:23 (seeλόγος, I. 5 at the end);καρπόν,Romans 1:13;Romans 6:21f;χάριν, benefit,2 Corinthians 1:15 (whereTr marginal readingWH textχαράν);χάρισμα,1 Corinthians 7:7;προσαγωγήν,Ephesians 2:18;Ephesians 3:12;ἀνάπαυσιν,Revelation 4:8;Revelation 14:11;ἀπόλαυσιντίνος,Hebrews 11:25;πρόφασιν,John 15:22;καύχημα, that of which one may glory,Romans 4:2;Galatians 6:4;καύχησιν,Romans 15:17. k.ἔχειντί is used of one on whom something has been laid, on whom it is incumbent as something to be borne, observed, performed, discharged:ἀνάγκην,1 Corinthians 7:37;ἀνάγκην followed by an infinitive,Luke 14:18;Luke 23:17 (RL bracketsTr marginal reading brackets);Hebrews 7:27;χρείαντίνος (seeχρεία, 1);εὐχήνἐφ'ἑαυτῶν,Acts 21:23;νόμον,John 19:7;ἐντολήν,2 John 1:5;Hebrews 7:5;ἐπιταγήν,1 Corinthians 7:25;διακονίαν,2 Corinthians 4:1;πρᾶξιν,Romans 12:4;ἀγῶνα,Philippians 1:30;Colossians 2:1;ἔγκλημα,Acts 23:29;κρίμα,1 Timothy 5:12. l.ἔχειντί is used of one to whom something has been intrusted:τάςκλείς,Revelation 1:18;Revelation 3:7;τόγλωσσόκομον,John 12:6;John 13:29. m. in reference to complaints and disputes the following phrases are used:ἔχωτί (or without an accusative, cf.Buttmann, 144 (126))κατάτίνος,to have something to bring forwardagainst one, to have something to complain of in one,Matthew 5:23;Mark 11:25; followed byὅτι,Revelation 2:4;ἔχωκατάσουὀλίγα,ὅτι etc.Revelation 2:14 (hereLWH marginal reading omitὅτι),Revelation 2:20 (hereGLTTrWH omitὀλίγα);ἔχωτίπρόςτινα,to have some accusation to bringagainst one,Acts 24:19;συζήτησινἐνἑαυτοῖς,Acts 28:29 (Rec.);ζητήματαπρόςτινα,Acts 25:19;λόγονἔχεινπρόςτινα,Acts 19:38;πρᾶγμαπρόςτινα,1 Corinthians 6:1;μομφήνπρόςτινα,Colossians 3:13;κρίματαμετάτίνος,1 Corinthians 6:7. n. phrases of various kinds:ἔχειντινακατάπρόσωπον, to have one before him, in his presence (A. V.face to face; seeπρόσωπον, 1 a.),Acts 25:16;κοίτηνἐκτίνος, to conceive by one,Romans 9:10;τοῦτοἔχεις,ὅτι etc. thou hast this (which is praiseworthy (cf.Winer's Grammar, 595 (553))) that etc.Revelation 2:6;ἐνἐμοίοὐκἔχειοὐδέν,hath nothing in me which is his of right, equivalent to no power over me (Germanerhatmirnichtsan),John 14:30;ὁἐστιν ...σαββάτουἔχονὁδόν, a sabbath-day's journey distant (for the distance is something which the distant placehas, as it were),Acts 1:12; cf.Kypke at the passage o.ἔχω, with an infinitive (Winers Grammar, 333 (313);Buttmann, 251 (216)),α. like the Latinhabeoquod with the subjunctive, equivalent toto be able:ἔχωἀποδοῦναι,Matthew 18:25;Luke 7:42;Luke 14:14;τίποιῆσαι,Luke 12:4;οὐδένεἶχονἀντειπεῖν, they had nothing to oppose (could say nothing against it),Acts 4:14;κατ'οὐδενόςεἶχεμείζονοςὀμόσαι,Hebrews 6:13; add,John 8:6 (Rec.);Acts 25:26 (cf.Buttmann, as above);Ephesians 4:28;Titus 2:8;2 Peter 1:15; the infinitive is omitted and to be supplied from the context:ὁἔσχεν, namely,ποιῆσαι,Mark 14:8; see examples from Greek authors inPassow, under the word, p. 1297a; (Liddell and Scott, see A. III. 1).β. is used of what there is a certain necessity for doing:βάπτισμαἔχωβαπτισθῆναι,Luke 12:50;ἔχωσοιτίεἰπεῖν,;ἀπαγγεῖλαι,Acts 23:17, 19;λαλῆσαι,;κατηγορῆσαι,Acts 28:19;πολλάγράφειν,2 John 1:12;3 John 1:13.II. Intransitively.
a. (Latinmehabeo)to hold oneself orfind oneself so and so,to be in such or such a condition:ἑτοίμωςἔχω, to be ready, followed by an infinitive,Acts 21:13;2 Corinthians 12:14;1 Peter 4:5 (notWH);ἐσχάτως (seeἐσχάτως),Mark 5:23;κακῶς, to be sick,Matthew 4:24;Matthew 8:16;Matthew 9:12; (LTr textWH text), etc.;καλῶς, to be well,Mark 16:18;κομψότερον, to be better,John 4:52;πῶς,Acts 15:36;ἐνἑτοίμῳ, followed by an infinitive,2 Corinthians 10:6.b. impersonally:ἄλλωςἔχει, it is otherwise,1 Timothy 5:25;οὕτως,Acts 7:1;Acts 12:15;Acts 17:11;Acts 24:9;τόνῦν,ἔχον, as things now are, for the present,Acts 24:25 (Tobit 7:11, and examples from later secular authors inKypke, Observations, 2, p. 124; cf.Vig. ed. Herm., p. 9; (cf.Winer's Grammar, 463 (432))).
III. Middleέ᾿χομαιτίνος (in Greek writings fromHomer down), properly,to hold oneself to a thing,to lay hold of a thing,to adhere orcling to; to be closely joined to a person or thing (cf.Winers Grammar, 202 (190);Buttmann, 192 (166f), 161 (140)):τάἐχόμενατῆςσωτηρίας,Vulg.viciniorasaluti, connected with salvation, or which lead to it,Hebrews 6:9, where cf. Bleek;ὁἐχόμενος,near, adjoining, neighboring, bordering, next: of place,κωμοπόλεις,Mark 1:38 (νῆσος,Isocrates paneg. § 96;οἱἐχόμενοι, neighbors,Herodotus 1, 134); of time,τῇἐχομένῃ namely,ἡμέρα, the following day,Luke 13:33;Acts 20:15 (1 Macc. 4:28;Polybius 3, 112, 1; 5, 13, 9); withἡμέρα added,Acts 21:26;σαββάτῳ,Acts 13:44 (whereRTTrWH textἐρχομένῳ);ἐνιαυτῷ, 1 Macc. 4:28 (with variantἐρχομένῳἐνιαυτῷ);τοῦἐχομενουἔτους,Thucydides 6, 3. (Compare:ἀνέχω,προσανέχω,ἀντέχω,ἀπέχω,ἐνέχω,ἐπέχω,κατέχω,μετέχω,παρέχω,περιέχω,προέχω,προσέχω,συνέχω,ὑπέρχω,ὑπέχω.)
Topical Lexicon
OverviewStrong’s Greek 2192 permeates the New Testament with the idea of possession, relationship, condition, or control. Whether describing what the Lord eternally bestows, what believers gratefully receive, or what the ungodly vainly cling to, the verb frames countless doctrinal, ethical, and pastoral statements.
Seminal Theological Themes
1. Spiritual possession in Christ
2. Personal attributes believers are to “have” and “hold”
3. Stewardship of material goods
4. Authority and power—divine and delegated
5. States of need, sickness, or bondage
6. Eschatological inheritance or loss
Possessing Salvation and Eternal Life
John’s Gospel makes 2192 central to soteriology. “Everyone who believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life” (John 3:16). The present-tense “have” underscores eternal life as a present possession, not merely a future hope (John 3:36;John 6:47). 1 John echoes: “Whoever has the Son has life” (1 John 5:12).
Holding Faith, Hope, Love
Exhortations link 2192 with cardinal virtues. “If you have faith like a mustard seed…” (Matthew 17:20); “Having been justified by faith, we have peace with God” (Romans 5:1). Love is tested: “If I have all faith so as to move mountains, but do not have love, I am nothing” (1 Corinthians 13:2). Hope is guarded: “We who have fled to take hold of the hope set before us” (Hebrews 6:18).
Having the Holy Spirit and Spiritual Gifts
Believers “have an anointing from the Holy One” (1 John 2:20). The Spirit-distributed gifts are manifold: “The body is one and has many members… the ear should not say, ‘Because I am not an eye, I do not belong’” (1 Corinthians 12:12-23). The command “do not quench the Spirit” implies stewardship over what we have received.
Authority and Position in Christ
The Son “has life in Himself” (John 5:26) and “has all things in His hand” (John 3:35). He delegates: “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to Me” (Matthew 28:18) and “I have other sheep… they too will listen to My voice” (John 10:16). Disciples are urged, “Have faith in God” (Mark 11:22) as they exercise derived authority (Luke 10:19).
Stewardship of Material Goods
The verb frequently speaks of earthly possessions. Rich seekers are told, “Go, sell what you have” (Matthew 19:21). The early church “had all things in common” (Acts 2:44). Generosity is expected: “Let the one who steals steal no longer; rather let him labor… so that he may have something to share” (Ephesians 4:28). Withholding help is condemned: “Whoever has this world’s goods and sees his brother in need, yet closes his heart… how can the love of God abide in him?” (1 John 3:17).
States of Need, Sickness, or Bondage
2192 names physical conditions: those “having diseases” came to Jesus (Matthew 4:24). Demoniacs “had an unclean spirit” (Mark 5:3). Such usage contrasts the helpless state without Christ to the wholeness found in Him.
Warnings and Judgment
Parables draw sharp lines: “Whoever has will be given more; whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken away” (Matthew 13:12). Churches are warned, “You have a reputation for being alive, but you are dead” (Revelation 3:1). False teachers “have the teaching of Balaam” (Revelation 2:14). Refusal to come to Christ leaves a man empty: “You refuse to come to Me to have life” (John 5:40).
Pastoral Exhortations to Hold Fast
Paul charges Timothy, “Hold to the pattern of sound teaching you have heard from me” (2 Timothy 1:13). James urges steadfastness: “Let endurance have its perfect work” (James 1:4). Hebrews repeatedly presses believers to “hold fast the confession” they have (Hebrews 4:14; 10:19-23).
Corporate Possession: The Church as Body
The church “has many members, and not all members have the same function” (Romans 12:4). Diversity of gifts builds unity when each “has a hymn, a teaching, a revelation” used for edification (1 Corinthians 14:26).
Eschatological Inheritance
Overcomers “have part in the first resurrection” (Revelation 20:6). The New Jerusalem “has the glory of God” (Revelation 21:11). Conversely, those without Christ “will not have any share in the tree of life” (cf.Revelation 22:19).
Historical Application in Early Church
Acts records believers who “had everything in common” and none “had any need” (Acts 4:34). Possessive language frames disputes (Acts 5:4), missionary qualifications (Acts 3:6), and civil proceedings (Acts 24:23).
Contemporary Ministry Implications
• Emphasize the believer’s present possession of eternal life and peace.
• Teach stewardship—what one “has” is held in trust for God’s purposes.
• Cultivate faith, hope, and love as qualities to “have” continually.
• Guard doctrinal purity by “having” the pattern of sound words.
• Encourage corporate sharing of gifts so every congregation “has” what is needed for growth.
Related Old Testament Background
Hebrew equivalents (יֵשׁ, בָּעַל, אָחַז) similarly carry ideas of possession and covenantal holding—Israel “had” the LORD as her God (Deuteronomy 26:17-18). The New Testament deepens the motif, centering all true possession in Christ.
Conclusion
Across narrative, epistle, and apocalypse, 2192 consistently calls every reader to consider what he or she truly “has.” In Christ, believers hold life, hope, and an unfading inheritance; apart from Him, all possessions prove transient.
Forms and Transliterations
Ειχε είχε είχέ Εἶχε ειχεν είχεν εἶχεν εἶχέν ειχες είχες εἶχες ειχετε είχετε εἴχετε ειχομεν είχομεν εἴχομεν ειχον είχον εἶχον ειχοσαν εἴχοσαν εξει έξει ἕξει έξειν εξεις έξεις ἕξεις έξετε ἕξετε έξουσι εξουσιν έξουσιν ἕξουσιν έσχε εσχεν έσχεν ἔσχεν εσχες έσχες ἔσχες εσχηκα έσχηκα ἔσχηκα εσχηκαμεν εσχήκαμεν ἐσχήκαμεν εσχηκεν έσχηκεν ἔσχηκεν εσχηκοτα εσχηκότα ἐσχηκότα εσχομεν έσχομεν ἔσχομεν εσχον έσχον ἔσχον εχε έχε ἔχε εχει έχει ἔχει εχειν εχείν έχειν ἔχειν εχεις έχεις ἔχεις έχεσθαι έχεται εχετε έχετε έχετέ ἔχετε Ἔχετέ εχετω εχέτω ἐχέτω εχη έχη ἔχῃ έχης εχητε έχητε ἔχητε εχοι έχοι ἔχοι εχοιεν έχοιεν ἔχοιεν εχομεν έχομεν ἔχομεν εχομενα εχόμενα εχόμενά εχόμένα ἐχόμενα εχόμεναι εχομενας εχομένας ἐχομένας εχομενη εχομένη ἐχομένῃ εχόμενοι εχόμενον εχόμενος εχόμενός εχον έχον ἔχον εχοντα έχοντα έχοντά ἔχοντα ἔχοντά εχοντας έχοντας ἔχοντας εχοντες έχοντες ἔχοντες εχοντι έχοντι ἔχοντι εχοντος έχοντος ἔχοντος εχοντων εχόντων ἐχόντων εχουσα έχουσα ἔχουσα εχουσαι έχουσαι ἔχουσαι εχουσαις εχούσαις ἐχούσαις εχουσαν έχουσαν ἔχουσαν εχούσας εχουση εχούση ἐχούσῃ εχουσης εχούσης ἐχούσης Εχουσι έχουσι Ἔχουσι εχουσιν έχουσιν ἔχουσιν εχω έχω ἔχω εχωμεν έχωμεν ἔχωμεν εχων έχων ἔχων έχωνται έχωσι εχωσιν έχωσιν ἔχωσιν έψε έψεμα εψέματος έψετε εψηθή έψημα εψήματος εψήσατε εψήσεις εψήσουσιν έψητε εωθινή εωθινής ηψήθη ηψημένον ηψήσαμεν ήψησαν ήψησε ήψησεν ήψηται ήψουν πάσχει σχητε σχῆτε σχοίη σχω σχώ σχῶ σχωμεν σχῶμεν eche echē éche echei échei échēi echein échein echeis écheis echete echēte échete Écheté échēte echeto echetō echéto echétō echo echō écho échō echoi échoi echoien échoien echomen echōmen échomen échōmen echomena echómena echomenas echoménas echomene echomenē echoménei echoménēi echon echōn échon échōn echonta échonta échontá echontas échontas echontes échontes echonti échonti echonton echontōn echónton echóntōn echontos échontos echosin echōsin échosin échōsin echousa échousa echousai échousai echousais echoúsais echousan échousan echouse echousē echoúsei echoúsēi echouses echousēs echoúses echoúsēs Echousi Échousi echousin échousin Eiche Eîche eichen eîchen eîchén eiches eîches eichete eíchete eichomen eíchomen eichon eîchon eichosan eíchosan escheka eschēka éscheka éschēka eschekamen eschēkamen eschḗkamen escheken eschēken éscheken éschēken eschekota eschekóta eschēkota eschēkóta eschen éschen esches ésches eschomen éschomen eschon éschon exei exeis exete exousin hexei héxei hexeis héxeis hexete héxete hexousin héxousin paschei páschei schete schête schēte schē̂te scho schô schō schō̂ schomen schômen schōmen schō̂menLinks
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