Naphtali is a doe set freeNaphtali, one of the twelve tribes of Israel, is likened to a doe, symbolizing grace, swiftness, and freedom. The imagery of a doe set free suggests liberation and agility, reflecting the tribe's geographical location in the fertile and mountainous region of Galilee, which allowed for a degree of independence and mobility. This freedom can also be seen in the historical context of the tribe's participation in battles, such as those led by Barak and Deborah in
Judges 4-5, where Naphtali played a crucial role in the victory over the Canaanites. The metaphor of a doe may also imply a sense of beauty and elegance, characteristics that are often associated with the natural landscape of their territory.
that bears beautiful fawns
The phrase "bears beautiful fawns" suggests fruitfulness and the ability to produce something of beauty and value. In a broader biblical context, this can be seen as a blessing of prosperity and growth. The tribe of Naphtali was known for its contributions to the nation of Israel, providing warriors and leaders. The beauty of the fawns can also be interpreted as the tribe's potential to bring forth leaders and people of significance, as seen in the New Testament where the region of Galilee, associated with Naphtali, becomes the backdrop for much of Jesus' ministry. This connection to Jesus Christ highlights the fulfillment of prophecy and the spreading of the Gospel, which can be seen as the ultimate "beautiful fawns" brought forth from this region.
Persons / Places / Events
1.
NaphtaliNaphtali is one of the twelve sons of Jacob, whose descendants formed one of the tribes of Israel. Jacob's blessing in
Genesis 49:21 is a prophetic statement about the future of the tribe of Naphtali.
2.
JacobThe patriarch who is blessing his sons in
Genesis 49. He is the father of the twelve tribes of Israel and is giving prophetic insights into the future of each tribe.
3.
Tribe of NaphtaliThis tribe settled in the northern part of the Promised Land, known for its fertile land and strategic location. The blessing suggests a future of freedom and beauty for this tribe.
Teaching Points
Freedom in ChristJust as Naphtali is described as a doe set free, believers are called to live in the freedom that Christ provides. This freedom is not for self-indulgence but to serve one another in love.
Beauty in God's CreationThe imagery of "beautiful fawns" can remind us of the beauty God creates in our lives. We are called to reflect His beauty in our actions and relationships.
Fruitfulness in LifeThe bearing of beautiful fawns symbolizes fruitfulness. As Christians, we are called to bear spiritual fruit, living lives that reflect the character of Christ.
Strategic PositioningNaphtali's location was strategic in Israel's history. Similarly, God places us in specific contexts to be His witnesses and to fulfill His purposes.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Genesis 49:21?
2.How does Genesis 49:21 describe Naphtali's character and role among the tribes?
3.What can we learn from Naphtali's "beautiful words" for our communication today?
4.How does Naphtali's blessing connect with other biblical references to speech and freedom?
5.In what ways can we embody Naphtali's traits in our daily Christian walk?
6.How does Naphtali's blessing in Genesis 49:21 inspire our interactions with others?
7.What is the significance of Naphtali being described as a "doe let loose" in Genesis 49:21?
8.How does Genesis 49:21 reflect the character and future of the tribe of Naphtali?
9.Why is Naphtali associated with "beautiful words" in Genesis 49:21?
10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Genesis 49?
11.Who was Naphtali in the Bible?
12.What is the significance of the Tribe of Naphtali?
13.Who was Naphtali in the Bible?
14.Why does God endorse Sarah's demand to expel Hagar and Ishmael in Genesis 21:10-14 despite earlier promises to Ishmael?What Does Genesis 49:21 Mean
Naphtali• Jacob’s words inGenesis 49:21 come near the end of his prophetic blessings over his twelve sons. Like the other blessings, this one previews a tribe’s future character and calling (Genesis 49:1).
• Naphtali was the sixth son, born to Jacob through Bilhah (Genesis 30:7-8). His descendants settled in the fertile northern region of Galilee (Joshua 19:32-39), an area later honored when Jesus based much of His ministry there (Matthew 4:13-15;Isaiah 9:1-2).
• Moses later echoed Jacob, saying, “Naphtali is abounding with favor and full of the blessing of the LORD” (Deuteronomy 33:23). Together, the patriarch and the prophet paint a portrait of a tribe marked by grace, freedom, and productivity.
is a doe• A doe suggests agility, grace, and speed. David sang of God making his feet “like the feet of a deer” so he could stand on the heights (Psalm 18:33;Habakkuk 3:19).
• Such nimbleness pictures Naphtali’s readiness in battle. When Deborah called Israel to fight Sisera, “Naphtali and Zebulun risked their lives on the heights of the battlefield” (Judges 5:18).
• The doe image also hints at an attractive gentleness.Psalm 42:1 compares longing for God to a deer panting for streams of water; Naphtali would model a winsome, God-given grace among the tribes.
set free• The phrase points to liberation. InJudges 4:6-10, Barak of Naphtali helped free Israel from Canaanite oppression, illustrating the tribe’s role in bringing deliverance.
• Their inheritance bordered the Sea of Galilee and extended toward Lebanon’s mountains (Joshua 19:34). The spacious territory reflects the idea of being “let loose” into open places (Psalm 18:19).
• Spiritually, freedom foreshadows the gospel light that later dawned in Naphtali’s land when Jesus preached, healed, and called His disciples there (Matthew 4:15-16;Luke 4:14).
that bears beautiful fawns• The picture shifts from freedom to fruitfulness. A released doe producing lovely offspring speaks of life that reproduces and blesses others.
• Naphtali’s “fawns” include:
– Brave warriors rallying at Deborah’s call (Judges 5:18).
– Skilled people numbered among David’s mighty men (1 Chronicles 12:34).
– Communities praising God in procession (Psalm 68:27).
• Isaiah’s prophecy of light in “the land of Naphtali” (Isaiah 9:1-2) blossomed when Jesus proclaimed the kingdom in Galilee, multiplying spiritual sons and daughters through the gospel (Matthew 4:17, 23-25).
• The tribe thus pictures believers who, once set free by God, go on to bear “fruit that will last” (John 15:16).
summaryGenesis 49:21 paints Naphtali as a graceful, liberated doe whose offspring are both numerous and beautiful. The tribe’s history—swift to answer God’s call, instrumental in deliverance, and situated in the region where Christ launched His ministry—fulfills this vivid blessing. For today’s believer, the verse encourages a life characterized by God-given agility, freedom in His purposes, and fruitful impact that draws others to the radiant grace of the Savior.
(21)
Naphtali.--Gad had been described as moving slowly in war, and allowing himself to be surprised by hordes of plunderers, whom, nevertheless, as soon as he has collected his forces, he repels and pursues with vigour. Naphtali, on the contrary, is light and active, moving rapidly like "a hind let loose;" or, literally,
sent forth,like the scouts or van of an army. And thus he brings back "goodly words"--Heb.,
words of pleasure--that is, trustworthy intelligence to guide the army in its motions. Another translation has been proposed, which has the support of the LXX.: "Naphtali is a spreading terebinth, which shoots forth goodly branches." It retains the consonants of the Hebrew text, but gives them different vowels.
Verse 21. -
Naphtaii is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words. The LXX., followed by Dathe, Michaelis, Ewald, Bohlen, and others, read, Naphtali is a tall terebinth, that putteth forth beautiful boughs; but the word
אַיָלָה signifies a hind or gazelle, and is here employed, along with the qualifying epithet
שְּׁלֻחָה, let loose, running freely (Keil), or graceful (Kalisch), to depict Naphtali as a beautiful and agile warrior. In the appended clause he is represented as possessing in addition the capacity of "giving words of beauty," in which may be detected an allusion to the development in eloquence and song which afterwards took place in that northern tribe (
Judges 4:6-9;
Judges 5:1-31).
Parallel Commentaries ...
Hebrew
Naphtaliנַפְתָּלִ֖י(nap̄·tā·lî)Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5321:Naphtali -- a son of Jacob, also his descendants and the district settled by themis a doeאַיָּלָ֣ה(’ay·yā·lāh)Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 355:A doe, female deerset freeשְׁלֻחָ֑ה(šə·lu·ḥāh)Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singular
Strong's 7971:To send away, for, outthat bearsהַנֹּתֵ֖ן(han·nō·ṯên)Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5414:To give, put, setbeautifulשָֽׁפֶר׃(šā·p̄er)Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 8233:Beauty, goodlinessfawns.אִמְרֵי־(’im·rê-)Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 561:Something said
Links
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OT Law: Genesis 49:21 Naphtali is a doe set free who (Gen. Ge Gn)