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◄ Genesis 19:28►

New International Version
He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah, toward all the land of the plain, and he saw dense smoke rising from the land, like smoke from a furnace.

New Living Translation
He looked out across the plain toward Sodom and Gomorrah and watched as columns of smoke rose from the cities like smoke from a furnace.

English Standard Version
And he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and toward all the land of the valley, and he looked and, behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a furnace.

Berean Standard Bible
He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain, and he saw the smoke rising from the land like smoke from a furnace.

King James Bible
And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace.

New King James Version
Then he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain; and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the land which went up like the smoke of a furnace.

New American Standard Bible
and he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the surrounding area; and behold, he saw the smoke of the land ascended like the smoke of a furnace.

NASB 1995
and he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the valley, and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the land ascended like the smoke of a furnace.

NASB 1977
and he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the valley, and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the land ascended like the smoke of a furnace.

Legacy Standard Bible
and he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the valley, and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a furnace.

Amplified Bible
and he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the valley [of the Dead Sea]; and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a kiln (pottery furnace).

Christian Standard Bible
He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain, and he saw that smoke was going up from the land like the smoke of a furnace.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain, and he saw that smoke was going up from the land like the smoke of a furnace.

American Standard Version
and he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the Plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

Contemporary English Version
He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and saw smoke rising from all over the land--it was like a flaming furnace.

English Revised Version
and he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the Plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
When he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land in the plain, he saw smoke rising from the land like the thick smoke of a furnace.

Good News Translation
He looked down at Sodom and Gomorrah and the whole valley and saw smoke rising from the land, like smoke from a huge furnace.

International Standard Version
He looked off toward Sodom, Gomorrah, and the entire plain, and he saw smoke rising from the land like smoke from a furnace.

NET Bible
He looked out toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of that region. As he did so, he saw the smoke rising up from the land like smoke from a furnace.

New Heart English Bible
He looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and he saw; and look, the smoke was rising from the land like smoke from a furnace.

Webster's Bible Translation
And he looked towards Sodom and Gomorrah, and towards all the land of the plain, and beheld, and lo, the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace.

Majority Text Translations

Majority Standard Bible
He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain, and he saw the smoke rising from the land like smoke from a furnace.

World English Bible
He looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and saw that the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
and he looks on the face of Sodom and Gomorrah, and on all the face of the land of the circuit, and sees, and behold, the smoke of the land went up as smoke of the furnace.

Young's Literal Translation
and he looketh on the face of Sodom and Gomorrah, and on all the face of the land of the circuit, and seeth, and lo, the smoke of the land went up as smoke of the furnace.

Smith's Literal Translation
And he will look out upon the face of Sodom and Gomorrah and upon all the face of the earth of the circuit, and he will see, and behold the smoke of the earth ascended as the smoke of a furnace.

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
He looked towards Sodom and Gomorrha, and the whole land of that country: and he saw the ashes rise up from the earth as the smoke of a furnace.

Catholic Public Domain Version
looked out toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and the entire land of that region. And he saw embers rising up from the land like smoke from a furnace.

New American Bible
As he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and the whole region of the Plain, he saw smoke over the land rising like the smoke from a kiln.

New Revised Standard Version
and he looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and toward all the land of the Plain and saw the smoke of the land going up like the smoke of a furnace.

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah and toward all the region of the plain, and beheld, lo, the smoke of the country went up like the smoke of a furnace.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And he gazed at the face of Sadom and Amora and at the face of all the land of the plain, and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a furnace.

OT Translations

JPS Tanakh 1917
And he looked out toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the Plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And he looked towards Sodom and Gomorrha, and towards the surrounding country, and saw, and behold a flame went up from the earth, as the smoke of a furnace.

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah
…27Early the next morning, Abraham got up and returned to the place where he had stood before the LORD.28He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain,and he saw the smoke rising from the land like smoke from a furnace.29So when God destroyed the cities of the plain, He remembered Abraham, and He brought Lot out of the catastrophe that destroyed the cities where he had lived.…

Berean Standard Bible ·Download

Cross References

Luke 17:29-30
But on the day Lot left Sodom, fire and sulfur rained down from heaven and destroyed them all. / It will be just like that on the day the Son of Man is revealed.

2 Peter 2:6
if He condemned the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah to destruction, reducing them to ashes as an example of what is coming on the ungodly;

Jude 1:7
In like manner, Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them, who indulged in sexual immorality and pursued strange flesh, are on display as an example of those who sustain the punishment of eternal fire.

Revelation 18:9-10
Then the kings of the earth who committed sexual immorality and lived in luxury with her will weep and wail at the sight of the smoke rising from the fire that consumes her. / In fear of her torment, they will stand at a distance and cry out: “Woe, woe to the great city, the mighty city of Babylon! For in a single hour your judgment has come.”

Isaiah 13:19
And Babylon, the jewel of the kingdoms, the glory of the pride of the Chaldeans, will be overthrown by God like Sodom and Gomorrah.

Jeremiah 50:40
As God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah along with their neighbors,” declares the LORD, “no one will dwell there; no man will abide there.

Matthew 11:23-24
And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Sodom, it would have remained to this day. / But I tell you that it will be more bearable for Sodom on the day of judgment than for you.”

Ezekiel 16:49-50
Now this was the iniquity of your sister Sodom: She and her daughters were arrogant, overfed, and complacent; they did not help the poor and needy. / Thus they were haughty and committed abominations before Me. Therefore I removed them, as you have seen.

Deuteronomy 29:23
All its soil will be a burning waste of sulfur and salt, unsown and unproductive, with no plant growing on it, just like the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, which the LORD overthrew in His fierce anger.

Amos 4:11
“Some of you I overthrew as I overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah, and you were like a firebrand snatched from a blaze, yet you did not return to Me,” declares the LORD.

Zephaniah 2:9
Therefore, as surely as I live,” declares the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, “surely Moab will be like Sodom and the Ammonites like Gomorrah—a place of weeds and salt pits, a perpetual wasteland. The remnant of My people will plunder them; the remainder of My nation will dispossess them.”

Lamentations 4:6
The punishment of the daughter of my people is greater than that of Sodom, which was overthrown in an instant without a hand turned to help her.

Isaiah 34:9-10
Edom’s streams will be turned to tar, and her soil to sulfur; her land will become a blazing pitch. / It will not be quenched—day or night. Its smoke will ascend forever. From generation to generation it will lie desolate; no one will ever again pass through it.

Revelation 14:10-11
he too will drink the wine of God’s anger, poured undiluted into the cup of His wrath. And he will be tormented in fire and sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and of the Lamb. / And the smoke of their torment rises forever and ever. Day and night there is no rest for those who worship the beast and its image, or for anyone who receives the mark of its name.”

2 Thessalonians 1:7-9
and to grant relief to you who are oppressed and to us as well. This will take place when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven with His mighty angels / in blazing fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. / They will suffer the penalty of eternal destruction, separated from the presence of the Lord and the glory of His might,

Treasury of Scripture

And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and beheld, and, see, the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace.

Psalm 107:34
A fruitful land into barrenness, for the wickedness of them that dwell therein.

2 Peter 2:7
And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked:

Jude 1:7
Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.

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Genesis 19

1.Lot entertains two angels.
4.The vicious Sodomites are smitten with blindness.
12.Lot is warned, and in vain warns his sons-in-law.
15.He is directed to flee to the mountains, but obtains leave to go into Zoar.
24.Sodom and Gomorrah are destroyed.
26.Lot's wife looks back and becomes a pillar of salt.
29.Lot dwells in a cave.
31.The incestuous origin of Moab and Ammon.

Study Bible

Book ◦ Chapter

He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah
This phrase refers to Abraham, who is observing the aftermath of God's judgment on the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. These cities were known for their wickedness and sin, particularly the sin of sexual immorality and pride, as noted inGenesis 18:20-21 andEzekiel 16:49-50. The destruction of these cities serves as a warning of divine judgment against sin. The geographical location of Sodom and Gomorrah is traditionally associated with the area near the Dead Sea, although their exact locations remain uncertain. This act of looking down signifies Abraham's concern and intercession for the righteous, as he had previously pleaded with God to spare the cities if righteous people could be found (Genesis 18:22-33).

and all the land of the plain
The "land of the plain" refers to the Jordan Valley, a fertile and well-watered region that Lot chose for himself when he separated from Abraham (Genesis 13:10-11). This area was known for its prosperity and agricultural abundance, making the destruction even more significant as it turned a once-thriving region into a desolate wasteland. The judgment on the plain serves as a reminder of the consequences of choosing material prosperity over spiritual integrity.

and he saw the smoke rising from the land
The imagery of smoke rising is reminiscent of the aftermath of a great conflagration, indicating total destruction. This visual serves as a powerful symbol of God's wrath and the complete obliteration of sin. The rising smoke can be compared to the smoke of a sacrificial offering, suggesting that the destruction was a form of divine purification. This imagery is echoed inRevelation 18:9, where the smoke of Babylon's destruction is described, drawing a parallel between the judgment of Sodom and the future judgment of the wicked.

like smoke from a furnace
The comparison to a furnace emphasizes the intensity and completeness of the destruction. A furnace is used for refining and purifying metals, symbolizing the purging of sin and the refining of God's people. This imagery is also found inMalachi 4:1, where the day of the Lord is described as burning like a furnace, consuming the arrogant and evildoers. The furnace imagery can also be seen as a type of Christ's role in purifying believers, as He refines and purifies His church (Ephesians 5:25-27). The destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah serves as a foreshadowing of the final judgment, where Christ will separate the righteous from the wicked.

Persons / Places / Events

1.Abraham
The patriarch who interceded for Sodom and Gomorrah, demonstrating his concern for righteousness and justice.

2.Sodom and Gomorrah
Cities known for their wickedness, which faced divine judgment and destruction.

3.The Plain
The geographical area where Sodom and Gomorrah were located, known for its fertility before the destruction.

4.Smoke Rising
A symbol of the complete destruction and judgment that befell the cities, akin to smoke from a furnace.

5.Divine Judgment
The event of God's wrath being poured out on Sodom and Gomorrah due to their sinfulness.

Teaching Points

The Seriousness of Sin
The destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah serves as a stark reminder of the seriousness with which God views sin and the inevitable judgment that follows unrepentance.

Intercessory Prayer
Abraham's role as an intercessor encourages believers to pray earnestly for others, especially those who are lost or living in sin.

God's Justice and Mercy
While God is just and must punish sin, He is also merciful and willing to spare the righteous, as seen in His dialogue with Abraham.

The Reality of Divine Judgment
The imagery of smoke rising like a furnace is a vivid reminder of the reality of divine judgment, urging believers to live righteously and warn others.

Living in Expectation
Just as the destruction of Sodom was sudden, believers are called to live in expectation of Christ's return, maintaining readiness and faithfulness.

Bible Study Questions and Answers

1.What is the meaning of Genesis 19:28?

2.How does Genesis 19:28 illustrate God's judgment and mercy in our lives today?

3.What lessons can we learn from Abraham's perspective in Genesis 19:28?

4.How does Genesis 19:28 connect with God's justice in Romans 1:18-32?

5.How should witnessing God's judgment in Genesis 19:28 impact our daily decisions?

6.What role does intercessory prayer play, as seen in Genesis 19:28 and beyond?

7.How does Genesis 19:28 align with the concept of a loving and merciful God?

8.What archaeological evidence supports the historical accuracy of Genesis 19:28?

9.Why did God choose to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah as described in Genesis 19:28?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Genesis 19?

11.What is the Dead Sea's biblical significance?

12.Does any historical or geological data support such total annihilation by divine judgment (Genesis 19), or is it purely a religious narrative?

13.What is the Dead Sea's biblical significance?

14.How can Jericho be mentioned again (Joshua 16:1) if Joshua 6 supposedly left the city in total ruins?

What Does Genesis 19:28 Mean

He looked down

- “He looked down” (Genesis 19:28) pictures Abraham rising early and fixing his gaze on the valley below, just as he had earlier “stood before the LORD” to intercede (Genesis 18:22-23).

- Scripture often links physical sight with spiritual discernment. CompareGenesis 18:16, where “Abraham walked with them to see them off,” andGenesis 13:14-15, where God told him, “Lift up your eyes… for all the land that you see I will give you.”

- The posture of looking down from a height underscores both perspective and distance. Abraham is outside the judgment zone yet wholly aware of what God has done—echoingPsalm 91:8, “You will only see it with your eyes and witness the punishment of the wicked.”

Toward Sodom and Gomorrah

- The focus of Abraham’s gaze is “Sodom and Gomorrah” (19:28 b), cities already notorious for rebellion (Genesis 18:20-21).

- Their story becomes a template for future warnings:Deuteronomy 29:23 calls them “overthrown like Sodom and Gomorrah,” and2 Peter 2:6 says God “condemned the cities… making them an example of what is coming on the ungodly.”

- Abraham had pleaded for any righteous within them (Genesis 18:32). The fact he must now simply look confirms that divine justice is complete and indisputable.

And all the land of the plain

- The devastation extends to “all the land of the plain” (19:28 c). This is the very area Lot once chose because it was “like the garden of the LORD” (Genesis 13:10-12).

-Genesis 14:3 calls it “the Valley of Siddim,” a fertile basin now transformed. By including the whole plain, the text shows that unchecked sin poisons surroundings as well as sinners (Romans 8:20-22).

- The total sweep recallsJeremiah 50:40, where Babylon is warned she will be “as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.”

And he saw

- “And he saw” (19:28 d) confirms that Abraham’s intercession did not blind him to God’s holiness. Seeing becomes affirmation: the Judge has acted exactly as declared (Genesis 18:25).

- InGenesis 15:17 Abraham saw “a smoking firepot and a flaming torch” confirming covenant promises; now he sees smoke confirming covenant justice.

-Jeremiah 32:19 praises God, “Your eyes are open to all the ways of the sons of men,” and Abraham now echoes that divine watching in miniature.

The smoke rising from the land

- “He saw the smoke rising from the land” (19:28 e). The imagery recallsJudges 20:40, where a signal column of smoke marks victory over wickedness, andRevelation 19:3, “Her smoke rises forever and ever,” marking irreversible judgment.

- Smoke tells of fire already spent—judgment completed yet consequences ongoing.Isaiah 34:10 speaks of Edom: “Its smoke will rise forever.” The same permanence lies over Sodom’s ruins.

- From a distance, smoke testifies louder than words: sin’s wage is death (Romans 6:23).

Like smoke from a furnace

- The comparison “like smoke from a furnace” (19:28 f) stresses volume and density.Exodus 19:18 describes Sinai: “Mount Sinai was wrapped in smoke because the LORD descended on it in fire.” Here, similar language marks divine presence in wrath instead of covenant revelation.

-Revelation 9:2 pictures the abyss opened: “smoke rose like the smoke of a great furnace.” Both passages tie furnace-smoke to judgment that no human effort can contain.

- The furnace metaphor also hints at purification;Malachi 3:3 portrays God as a refiner’s fire. The plain is now scorched clean, Lot is delivered, and Abraham is reminded that God’s refining can be severe.

summary

- Abraham’s downward look records fulfilled judgment, affirming God’s earlier word.

- Sodom, Gomorrah, and the entire plain showcase the fate of unrepentant wickedness, becoming Scripture’s standing warning.

- Smoke signals both finality and ongoing testimony; what Abraham saw that dawn still speaks across the Bible, underscoring that God answers intercession, but never at the expense of His righteousness.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(28)Lo, the smoke of the country (really,land) went up as the smoke of a furnace.--The substitution of the wordcountryforlandis confusing. It was theland of the Ciccar,just mentioned, which was in flames. As Abraham could see the Ciccar, it must have been at the northern end of the Dead Sea (see Note onGenesis 18:16); and as a violent conflagration was raging throughout it, the site of the cities could not have been submerged (see Note onGenesis 14:3). The violence of the fire is indicated by the last word, which is not the ordinary word for afurnace,but means a kiln, such as that used for burning chalk into lime, or for melting ores of metal.

Pulpit Commentary

Verse 28. -And he looked toward - literally,towards the face, or visible side (cf.Genesis 18:16 where the same phrase is employed to describe the act of the angels on leaving Mamre) -Sodom and Gomorrah,and toward all the land of the plain, or Jordan circle. The cities of the plain are commonly believed to have been situated at the southern extremity of the Dead Sea, The principal reasons assigned for this conclusion may be stated.

1. Josephus and Jerome, the one representing Jewish, and the other Christian, tradition, both speak of a Zoar as existing in that locality.

2. The difference of level between the northern and southern ends of the lake, the one according to Lynch being 1300 feet, and the other not more than 16 feet, seems to favor the idea that the latter is of recent formation, having been, in fact, submerged at the time of the overthrow of the cities.

3. A ridge of rock-salt on the west of the Yale of Salt is called by the nameJebel Usdum, in which a trace of the word Sodom is by some detected; and the pillars of salt that in that region have from time to time been detached from the salt cliffs have been designated by the name of Lot's wife (Bint Sheikh Lot). . . .

Parallel Commentaries ...

Hebrew

He looked
וַיַּשְׁקֵ֗ף(way·yaš·qêp̄)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8259:To overhang, look out or down

down
עַל־(‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921:Above, over, upon, against

toward
פְּנֵ֤י(pə·nê)
Noun - common plural construct
Strong's 6440:The face

Sodom
סְדֹם֙(sə·ḏōm)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5467:Sodom -- a Canaanite city near the Dead Sea

and Gomorrah
וַעֲמֹרָ֔ה(wa·‘ă·mō·rāh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6017:Gomorrah -- a city in the Jordan Valley

and all
כָּל־(kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605:The whole, all, any, every

the land
אֶ֣רֶץ(’e·reṣ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 776:Earth, land

of the plain,
הַכִּכָּ֑ר(hak·kik·kār)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 3603:A round, a round district, a round loaf, a round weight, a talent (a measure of weight or money)

and he saw
וַיַּ֗רְא(way·yar)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7200:To see

the smoke
קִיטֹ֣ר(qî·ṭōr)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7008:A fume, cloud

rising
עָלָה֙(‘ā·lāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5927:To ascend, in, actively

from the land
הָאָ֔רֶץ(hā·’ā·reṣ)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 776:Earth, land

like smoke
כְּקִיטֹ֖ר(kə·qî·ṭōr)
Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7008:A fume, cloud

from a furnace.
הַכִּבְשָֽׁן׃(hak·kiḇ·šān)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3536:A smelting furnace

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OT Law: Genesis 19:28 He looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. Ge Gn)