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Bible >Exodus >Chapter 33 > Verse 19
◄ Exodus 33:19►
New International Version
And the LORD said, “I will cause all my goodness to pass in front of you, and I will proclaim my name, the LORD, in your presence. I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.

New Living Translation
The LORD replied, “I will make all my goodness pass before you, and I will call out my name, Yahweh, before you. For I will show mercy to anyone I choose, and I will show compassion to anyone I choose.

English Standard Version
And he said, “I will make all my goodness pass before you and will proclaim before you my name ‘The LORD.’ And I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.

Berean Standard Bible
“I will cause all My goodness to pass before you,” the LORD replied, “and I will proclaim My name—the LORD—in your presence. I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”

King James Bible
And he said, I will make all my goodness pass before thee, and I will proclaim the name of the LORD before thee; and will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will shew mercy on whom I will shew mercy.

New King James Version
Then He said, “I will make all My goodness pass before you, and I will proclaim the name of the LORD before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.”

New American Standard Bible
And He said, “I Myself will make all My goodness pass before you, and will proclaim the name of the LORD before you; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show compassion to whom I will show compassion.”

NASB 1995
And He said, “I Myself will make all My goodness pass before you, and will proclaim the name of the LORD before you; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show compassion on whom I will show compassion.”

NASB 1977
And He said, “I Myself will make all My goodness pass before you, and will proclaim the name of the LORD before you; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show compassion on whom I will show compassion.”

Legacy Standard Bible
And He said, “I Myself will make all My goodness pass before you, and I will proclaim the name of Yahweh before you; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and I will show compassion on whom I will show compassion.”

Amplified Bible
And God said, “I will make all My goodness pass before you, and I will proclaim the Name of the LORD before you; for I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show compassion (lovingkindness) on whom I will show compassion.”

Christian Standard Bible
He said, “I will cause all my goodness to pass in front of you, and I will proclaim the name ‘the LORD’ before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
He said, “I will cause all My goodness to pass in front of you, and I will proclaim the name Yahweh before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.”

American Standard Version
And he said, I will make all my goodness pass before thee, and will proclaim the name of Jehovah before thee; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.

Contemporary English Version
The LORD answered: All right. I am the LORD, and I show mercy and kindness to anyone I choose. I will let you see my glory and hear my holy name,

English Revised Version
And he said, I will make all my goodness pass before thee, and will proclaim the name of the LORD before thee; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will shew mercy on whom I will shew mercy.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The LORD said, "I will let all my goodness pass in front of you, and there I will call out my name 'the LORD.' I will be kind to anyone I want to. I will be merciful to anyone I want to.

Good News Translation
The LORD answered, "I will make all my splendor pass before you and in your presence I will pronounce my sacred name. I am the LORD, and I show compassion and pity on those I choose.

International Standard Version
God said, "I'll cause all my goodness to pass before you, and I'll proclaim the name 'the LORD' before you. I'll be gracious to whom I'll be gracious, and I'll show compassion on whom I'll show compassion.

NET Bible
And the LORD said, "I will make all my goodness pass before your face, and I will proclaim the LORD by name before you; I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, I will show mercy to whom I will show mercy."

New Heart English Bible
He said, "I will make all my goodness pass before you, and will proclaim the name of the LORD before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy."

Webster's Bible Translation
And he said, I will make all my goodness pass before thee, and I will proclaim the name of the LORD before thee; and will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
“I will cause all My goodness to pass before you,” the LORD replied, “and I will proclaim My name—the LORD—in your presence. I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”

World English Bible
He said, “I will make all my goodness pass before you, and will proclaim Yahweh’s name before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and He says, “I cause all My goodness to pass before your face, and have called concerning the Name of YHWH before you, and favored him whom I favor, and loved him whom I love.”

Young's Literal Translation
and He saith, 'I cause all My goodness to pass before thy face, and have called concerning the Name of Jehovah before thee, and favoured him whom I favour, and loved him whom I love.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And he will say, I will cause all my good to pass by before thee, and I called upon the name of Jehovah before thee; and I compassionated whom I will compassionate, and I pitied whom I will pity.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
He answered: I will shew thee all good, and I will proclaim in the name of the Lord before thee: and I will have mercy on whom I will, and I will be merciful to whom it shall please me.

Catholic Public Domain Version
He responded: “I will show you all that is good, and I will call out with the name of the Lord before you. And I will take pity on whomever I will, and I will be lenient to whomever it will please me.”

New American Bible
The LORD answered: I will make all my goodness pass before you, and I will proclaim my name, “LORD,” before you; I who show favor to whom I will, I who grant mercy to whom I will.

New Revised Standard Version
And he said, “I will make all my goodness pass before you, and will proclaim before you the name, ‘The LORD’; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And he said. I will make all my goodness pass before you, and I will proclaim the name of the LORD before you; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And he said, “Show me your glory.”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And He said: 'I will make all My goodness pass before thee, and will proclaim the name of the LORD before thee; and I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
AndGod said, I will pass by before thee with my glory, and I will call by my name, the Lord, before thee; and I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and will have pity on whom I will have pity.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Glory of the LORD
…18Then Moses said, “Please show me Your glory.”19“Iwill cause allMy goodnessto passbeforeyou,”the LORD replied,“and I will proclaimMy name—the LORD—in your presence.I will have mercyon whomI have mercy,and I will have compassionon whomI have compassion.”20But He added, “You cannot see My face, for no one can see Me and live.”…

Cross References
Romans 9:15-16
For He says to Moses: “I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.” / So then, it does not depend on man’s desire or effort, but on God’s mercy.

Exodus 34:6-7
Then the LORD passed in front of Moses and called out: “The LORD, the LORD God, is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion and faithfulness, / maintaining loving devotion to a thousand generations, forgiving iniquity, transgression, and sin. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers on their children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generations.”

Psalm 103:8
The LORD is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion.

Psalm 86:15
But You, O Lord, are a compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion and faithfulness.

Numbers 14:18
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion, forgiving iniquity and transgression. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers upon their children to the third and fourth generation.’

Joel 2:13
So rend your hearts and not your garments, and return to the LORD your God. For He is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion. And He relents from sending disaster.

Jonah 4:2
So he prayed to the LORD, saying, “O LORD, is this not what I said while I was still in my own country? This is why I was so quick to flee toward Tarshish. I knew that You are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion—One who relents from sending disaster.

2 Corinthians 4:6
For God, who said, “Let light shine out of darkness,” made His light shine in our hearts to give us the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

Ephesians 2:4-5
But because of His great love for us, God, who is rich in mercy, / made us alive with Christ even when we were dead in our trespasses. It is by grace you have been saved!

Titus 3:5
He saved us, not by the righteous deeds we had done, but according to His mercy, through the washing of new birth and renewal by the Holy Spirit.

Isaiah 30:18
Therefore the LORD longs to be gracious to you; therefore He rises to show you compassion, for the LORD is a just God. Blessed are all who wait for Him.

Isaiah 55:7
Let the wicked man forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts; let him return to the LORD, that He may have compassion, and to our God, for He will freely pardon.

Micah 7:18
Who is a God like You, who pardons iniquity and passes over the transgression of the remnant of His inheritance—who does not retain His anger forever, because He delights in loving devotion?

Matthew 20:15
Do I not have the right to do as I please with what is mine? Or are you envious because I am generous?’

John 1:14-17
The Word became flesh and made His dwelling among us. We have seen His glory, the glory of the one and only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth. / John testified concerning Him. He cried out, saying, “This is He of whom I said, ‘He who comes after me has surpassed me because He was before me.’” / From His fullness we have all received grace upon grace. ...


Treasury of Scripture

And he said, I will make all my goodness pass before you, and I will proclaim the name of the LORD before you; and will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.

all my goodness

Nehemiah 9:25
And they took strong cities, and a fat land, and possessed houses full of all goods, wells digged, vineyards, and oliveyards, and fruit trees in abundance: so they did eat, and were filled, and became fat, and delighted themselves in thy great goodness.

Psalm 25:13
His soul shall dwell at ease; and his seed shall inherit the earth.

Psalm 65:4
Blessedis the man whom thou choosest, and causest to approachunto thee, that he may dwell in thy courts: we shall be satisfied with the goodness of thy house,even of thy holy temple.

proclaim

Exodus 3:13-15
And Moses said unto God, Behold,when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, Whatis his name? what shall I say unto them? …

Exodus 34:5-7
And the LORD descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the LORD…

Isaiah 7:14
Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.

I will be

Romans 9:15-18,23
For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion…

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Exodus 33
1.The Lord refuses to go as he had promised with the people
4.The people mourn there
7.The tabernacle is removed out of the camp
9.The Lord talks familiarly with Moses
12.Moses prevails with God, and desires to see his glory














I will cause all My goodness to pass before you,
This phrase highlights God's willingness to reveal His character to Moses. The "goodness" of God encompasses His moral excellence, kindness, and benevolence. In the context of Exodus, this revelation comes after the Israelites' sin with the golden calf, emphasizing God's grace and forgiveness. The act of passing before Moses signifies a theophany, a visible manifestation of God, which is a rare and significant event in the Old Testament. This moment foreshadows the ultimate revelation of God's goodness in Jesus Christ, who embodies divine grace and truth (John 1:14).

the LORD replied,
The use of "the LORD" (YHWH) underscores the covenantal relationship between God and Israel. This name, revealed to Moses at the burning bush (Exodus 3:14), signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His faithfulness to His promises. The dialogue between God and Moses reflects the intimate relationship they share, with Moses acting as an intercessor for the people.

and I will proclaim My name—the LORD—in your presence.
Proclaiming God's name is an act of revealing His nature and attributes. In ancient Near Eastern culture, a name was more than a label; it represented the essence and character of a person. By proclaiming His name, God is affirming His identity and His covenantal faithfulness. This proclamation is a precursor to the fuller revelation of God's character in the New Testament, where Jesus reveals the Father (John 17:6).

I will have mercy on whom I have mercy,
This statement emphasizes God's sovereign will in dispensing mercy. It reflects the biblical theme that God's grace is not earned but given according to His divine purpose. This phrase is later quoted by the Apostle Paul inRomans 9:15 to illustrate God's sovereign choice in salvation history. The concept of divine mercy is central to the Christian understanding of salvation, where God's grace is extended to humanity through Jesus Christ.

and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.
Compassion, like mercy, is an attribute of God that denotes His deep love and care for His creation. In the historical context, God's compassion is evident in His continued guidance and provision for Israel despite their rebellion. This phrase reinforces the idea that God's actions are based on His character rather than human merit. The ultimate expression of God's compassion is found in the life and sacrifice of Jesus, who embodies God's love for the world (John 3:16).

Persons / Places / Events
1.The LORD (Yahweh)
The self-existent, eternal God who reveals His character and sovereignty to Moses.

2.Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to deliver His people from Egypt and guide them through the wilderness.

3.Mount Sinai
The place where Moses meets with God and receives the Law, a significant location for divine revelation.

4.The Israelites
God's chosen people, who are in a covenant relationship with Him and are journeying to the Promised Land.

5.The Tent of Meeting
A place where Moses would meet with God, symbolizing God's presence among His people.
Teaching Points
God's Sovereignty and Mercy
God's declaration of mercy and compassion underscores His sovereign will. Believers can trust in God's perfect wisdom and justice, even when His choices are beyond human understanding.

The Revelation of God's Goodness
God's goodness is central to His character. As believers, we are called to reflect on His goodness in our lives and respond with gratitude and worship.

The Importance of God's Name
The proclamation of God's name signifies His presence and authority. Understanding the significance of God's name can deepen our reverence and relationship with Him.

Experiencing God's Presence
Like Moses, we are invited to seek God's presence and glory. Through prayer and Scripture, we can encounter His transformative presence in our daily lives.

Living Out God's Compassion
As recipients of God's mercy and compassion, we are called to extend the same to others. This involves acts of kindness, forgiveness, and love in our communities.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Exodus 33:19?

2.How does God's declaration in Exodus 33:19 reveal His sovereign grace and mercy?

3.What does "I will have mercy" teach us about God's character and choices?

4.How can Exodus 33:19 deepen our understanding of Romans 9:15-16 on mercy?

5.In what ways can we reflect God's mercy and compassion in our daily lives?

6.How should God's sovereignty in Exodus 33:19 influence our trust in His plans?

7.What does God's statement in Exodus 33:19 reveal about His nature and character?

8.How does Exodus 33:19 align with the concept of divine grace and mercy?

9.Why does God choose to show mercy and compassion selectively in Exodus 33:19?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Exodus 33?

11.Romans 9:14–16: If God decides who receives mercy, is there any true free will or responsibility?

12.What defines the glory of God?

13.Hosea 12:3–4: How can Jacob physically wrestle with God if God is portrayed elsewhere as omnipotent and spiritual?

14.How do we reconcile the vengeance implied in Psalm 79:10 with the Bible’s overall teaching on mercy and forgiveness?
What Does Exodus 33:19 Mean
I will cause all My goodness to pass before you,

The Lord promises Moses a personal, overwhelming display of His moral beauty.

• “Goodness” here gathers every virtue of God—holiness, love, justice, power—into one radiant parade (Psalm 31:19;James 1:17).

• This is literal: Moses will actually experience the nearness of God, though shielded by the rock (Exodus 33:21–22).

• God’s goodness is not abstract; it is active, rescuing Israel from Egypt, feeding them manna, guiding them by cloud and fire (Nehemiah 9:19–21).

• The same goodness appears fully in Christ, “the exact representation of His nature” (Hebrews 1:3), assuring believers today that God still delights to draw near.

and I will proclaim My name—the LORD—in your presence.

God couples revelation of His character with revelation of His covenant name.

• “Name” means reputation and authority. Declaring it anchors Moses’ experience in objective truth (Exodus 34:5–7).

• The name “YHWH” recalls the burning bush: “I AM WHO I AM” (Exodus 3:14-15). He is self-existent, faithful, unchanging—qualities Moses needs for the wilderness journey.

• Throughout Scripture, God ties His name to His deeds: deliverance at the Red Sea (Exodus 14:31), victories in Canaan (Joshua 2:10-11), and salvation through Jesus (John 17:6).

• Believers invoke that same name for help and worship (Psalm 20:7;Acts 4:12).

I will have mercy on whom I have mercy,

Here God asserts His sovereign freedom in dispensing mercy.

• Mercy is God withholding deserved judgment; Israel had just fashioned the golden calf (Exodus 32). Their survival depends entirely on God’s gracious choice.

• Cross references reinforce divine prerogative:Isaiah 55:7;Titus 3:5;Romans 9:15, where Paul quotes this verse to explain why salvation rests on God’s mercy, not human effort.

• This truth comforts: because mercy flows from His nature, not our merit, repentant sinners can always find hope (1 Timothy 1:16).

• Yet it also humbles: no one can demand mercy; it is a gift dispensed by a holy King (Daniel 4:35).

and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.

Compassion highlights God’s tenderhearted concern for the miserable.

•Lamentations 3:22-23 echoes this theme: “Because of the LORD’s loving devotion we are not consumed… His compassions never fail.”

• Compassion moves God to act—healing lepers (Mark 1:41), feeding crowds (Matthew 15:32), and ultimately sending His Son (John 3:16-17).

• Like mercy, compassion is selective yet abundant; God freely chooses to stoop, but when He does, the floodgates open (Micah 7:18;Ephesians 2:4-5).

• For believers, divine compassion becomes a model: “Be compassionate and humble” (1 Peter 3:8), reflecting the Father’s heart to the needy.

summary

Exodus 33:19 reveals the Lord as infinitely good, personally knowable, sovereignly free, and deeply compassionate. He lets Moses taste His goodness, hear His covenant name, and rest in the truth that mercy and compassion flow from His own will, not human worthiness. That same unchanging God still invites us to behold His glory in Christ, trust His sovereign grace, and live confident in His steadfast love.

(19) I will make all my goodness pass before thee.--It is not clear how this was fulfilled. Perhaps, as God announced His name--"the Lord, the Lord God, merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth," &c. (Exodus 34:6-7)--a revelation of God's ineffable goodness was miraculously flashed into his inmost soul, and the thousand instances of it which he had known brought distinctly to his recollection, so as to "pass before him."

And will be gracious to whom I will be gracious.--It is not meant that God's favour is bestowed arbitrarily, but only that it is in any casefavour--a free gift, not earned nor merited.

Verse 19. -I will make all my goodness pass before thee. It is not quite clear what this means, or how it was fulfilled - whether the reference is to the revelation of God's goodness inExodus 34:7, or to the entire experience that Moses would have of God in his later life. It is against the former view, that, if we take it, we can assign to the ensuing clause no distinct and separate sense.I will proclaim the name of the Lord before thee. SeeExodus 34:5, 6.And I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious -i.e., I am not bound to do all this for thee. It is of my free grace that I do it. I intend, however, to be gracious, andshow mercy to thee, because thou hast found favour in my eyes.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
“I
אֲנִ֨י(’ă·nî)
Pronoun - first person common singular
Strong's 589:I

will cause all
כָּל־(kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605:The whole, all, any, every

My goodness
טוּבִי֙(ṭū·ḇî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 2898:Good, goodness, beauty, gladness, welfare

to pass
אַעֲבִ֤יר(’a·‘ă·ḇîr)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 5674:To pass over, through, or by, pass on

in
עַל־(‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921:Above, over, upon, against

front of you,”
פָּנֶ֔יךָ(pā·ne·ḵā)
Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 6440:The face

[the LORD] replied,
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר(way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559:To utter, say

“and I will proclaim
וְקָרָ֧אתִֽי(wə·qā·rā·ṯî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 7121:To call, proclaim, read

[My] name—
בְשֵׁ֛ם(ḇə·šêm)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8034:A name

the LORD—
יְהוָ֖ה(Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068:LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

before you.
לְפָנֶ֑יךָ(lə·p̄ā·ne·ḵā)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 6440:The face

I will have mercy
וְחַנֹּתִי֙(wə·ḥan·nō·ṯî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 2603:To bend, stoop in kindness to an inferior, to favor, bestow, to implore

on whom
אֲשֶׁ֣ר(’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834:Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

I have mercy,
אָחֹ֔ן(’ā·ḥōn)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 2603:To bend, stoop in kindness to an inferior, to favor, bestow, to implore

and I will have compassion
וְרִחַמְתִּ֖י(wə·ri·ḥam·tî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 7355:To fondle, to love, to compassionate

on whom
אֲשֶׁ֥ר(’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834:Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

I have compassion.”
אֲרַחֵֽם׃(’ă·ra·ḥêm)
Verb - Piel - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 7355:To fondle, to love, to compassionate


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OT Law: Exodus 33:19 He said I will make all my (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 33:18
Exodus 33:20
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