New International Versionthe third row shall be jacinth, agate and amethyst;
New Living TranslationThe third row will contain an orange jacinth, an agate, and a purple amethyst.
English Standard Versionand the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
Berean Standard Biblein the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
King James BibleAnd the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst.
New King James Versionthe third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
New American Standard Bibleand the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
NASB 1995and the third row a jacinth, an agate and an amethyst;
NASB 1977and the third row a jacinth, an agate and an amethyst;
Legacy Standard Bibleand the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
Amplified Biblethe third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
Christian Standard Biblethe third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
Holman Christian Standard Biblethe third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
American Standard Versionand the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
Contemporary English Versionin the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
English Revised Versionand the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
GOD'S WORD® TranslationIn the third row put jacinth, agate, and amethyst.
Good News Translationin the third row, a turquoise, an agate, and an amethyst;
International Standard Versionthe third row jacinth, agate, and amethyst;
NET Bibleand the third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
New Heart English Bibleand the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
Webster's Bible TranslationAnd the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard Biblein the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
World English Bibleand the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst; Literal Translations Literal Standard Versionand the third row [is] opal, agate, and amethyst;
Young's Literal Translation and the third row is opal, agate, and amethyst;
Smith's Literal TranslationAnd the third row, amber, agate, and amethyst. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleIn the third a ligurius, an agate, and an amethyst:
Catholic Public Domain VersionIn the third, there shall be a zircon, an agate, and an amethyst.
New American Biblein the third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
New Revised Standard Versionand the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst; Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleAnd the third row a jacinth (zircon), carnelian, and an amethyst.
Peshitta Holy Bible TranslatedAnd the third row, a jacinth and a chalcedony and a calf’s eye. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917and the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
Brenton Septuagint TranslationAnd the third row, a ligure, an agate, an amethyst:
Additional Translations ... Audio Bible
Context The Breastpiece… 18in the second row a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond; 19in the thirdrowa jacinth,an agate,and an amethyst;20and in the fourth row a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper. Mount these stones in gold filigree settings.…
Cross References Revelation 21:19-20The foundations of the city walls were adorned with every kind of precious stone: The first foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald, / the fifth sardonyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst.
Ezekiel 28:13You were in Eden, the garden of God. Every kind of precious stone adorned you: ruby, topaz, and diamond, beryl, onyx, and jasper, sapphire, turquoise, and emerald. Your mountings and settings were crafted in gold, prepared on the day of your creation.
Isaiah 54:11-12“O afflicted city, lashed by storms, without solace, surely I will set your stones in antimony and lay your foundations with sapphires. / I will make your pinnacles of rubies, your gates of sparkling jewels, and all your walls of precious stones.
1 Kings 10:2She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in great abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke to him all that was on her mind.
2 Chronicles 9:10-11(The servants of Hiram and of Solomon who brought gold from Ophir also brought algum wood and precious stones. / The king made the algum wood into steps for the house of the LORD and for the king’s palace, and into lyres and harps for the singers. Never before had anything like them been seen in the land of Judah.)
Song of Solomon 5:14His arms are rods of gold set with beryl. His body is polished ivory bedecked with sapphires.
Job 28:16-19It cannot be valued in the gold of Ophir, in precious onyx or sapphire. / Neither gold nor crystal can compare to it, nor jewels of fine gold be exchanged for it. / Coral and quartz are unworthy of mention; the price of wisdom is beyond rubies. ...
Genesis 2:12And the gold of that land is pure, and bdellium and onyx are found there.
1 Chronicles 29:2Now with all my ability I have made provision for the house of my God—gold for the gold articles, silver for the silver, bronze for the bronze, iron for the iron, and wood for the wood, as well as onyx for the settings, turquoise, stones of various colors, all kinds of precious stones, and slabs of marble—all in abundance.
2 Chronicles 3:6He adorned the temple with precious stones for beauty, and its gold was from Parvaim.
Revelation 4:3The One seated there looked like jasper and carnelian, and a rainbow that gleamed like an emerald encircled the throne.
Revelation 21:11shining with the glory of God. Its radiance was like a most precious jewel, like a jasper, as clear as crystal.
Isaiah 60:17Instead of bronze I will bring you gold; I will bring silver in place of iron, bronze instead of wood, and iron instead of stones. I will appoint peace as your governor and righteousness as your ruler.
1 Peter 2:5you also, like living stones, are being built into a spiritual house to be a holy priesthood, offering spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.
Matthew 13:45-46Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant in search of fine pearls. / When he found one very precious pearl, he went away and sold all he had and bought it.
Treasury of Scripture And the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. a ligure Exodus 29:12 And thou shalt take of the blood of the bullock, and putit upon the horns of the altar with thy finger, and pour all the blood beside the bottom of the altar. an agate Isaiah 54:12 And I will make thy windows of agates, and thy gates of carbuncles, and all thy borders of pleasant stones. Jump to Previous AgateAmethystJacinthLigureOpalRowThirdJump to Next AgateAmethystJacinthLigureOpalRowThirdExodus 28 1.Aaron and his sons are set apart for the priest's office2.Holy garments are appointed6.The ephod and girdle15.The breast-plate with twelve precious stones30.The Urim and Thummim31.The robe of the ephod, with pomegranates and bells36.The plate of the mitre39.The embroidered coat40.The garments for Aaron's sonsin the third rowThe breastpiece of judgment, worn by the High Priest, contained twelve stones set in four rows. Each row had three stones, representing the twelve tribes of Israel. The third row signifies the order in which the stones were placed, highlighting the meticulous design and divine instruction given to Moses on Mount Sinai. This order reflects the organized and purposeful nature of God's covenant with Israel. a jacinth
Jacinth, often associated with a reddish-blue or deep blue color, is linked to the tribe of Gad. The stone's color may symbolize the heavens or divine authority. InRevelation 21:20, jacinth is mentioned as one of the foundation stones of the New Jerusalem, indicating its enduring significance in God's eternal plan. an agate
Agate, a stone with varied colors and patterns, is traditionally associated with the tribe of Asher. Its diverse appearance can symbolize the multifaceted nature of God's people and His provision. Agate's presence in the High Priest's breastpiece underscores the beauty and diversity within the unity of the twelve tribes. and an amethyst
Amethyst, known for its purple hue, is linked to the tribe of Issachar. Purple is often associated with royalty and priesthood, reflecting the tribe's role in understanding the times and seasons (1 Chronicles 12:32). Amethyst is also mentioned inRevelation 21:20 as a foundation stone of the New Jerusalem, symbolizing the eternal priesthood and kingship of Christ. Persons / Places / Events 1. High PriestThe instructions in Exodus 28 are given for the garments of the High Priest, who served as the mediator between God and the Israelites. The breastplate, which includes the stones mentioned, is part of his sacred attire. 2. TabernacleThe setting for these instructions is the Tabernacle, the portable dwelling place for the divine presence among the Israelites during their journey through the wilderness. 3. MosesThe leader of the Israelites who received these instructions from God on Mount Sinai. He was responsible for ensuring the construction of the Tabernacle and the making of the priestly garments according to God's specifications. 4. IsraelitesThe chosen people of God, for whom the Tabernacle was constructed and the priestly system was established to facilitate their worship and relationship with God. 5. Breastplate of JudgmentA sacred garment worn by the High Priest, containing twelve stones representing the twelve tribes of Israel. The stones served as a reminder of the High Priest's role in representing the people before God. Teaching Points Symbolism of StonesEach stone on the breastplate represents a tribe of Israel, signifying that God values each individual and their unique contribution to His people. Reflect on how God values you and your role in His kingdom. Role of the High PriestThe High Priest's garments, including the breastplate, highlight the importance of holiness and representation before God. Consider how you can live a life that reflects God's holiness and represents Him to others. God's Detailed InstructionsThe specific instructions for the priestly garments show God's attention to detail and His desire for order in worship. Apply this by seeking to honor God in the details of your daily life and worship. Connection to ChristThe High Priest's role foreshadows Christ's ultimate priesthood. Embrace the access you have to God through Jesus, our High Priest, and live confidently in that relationship. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1.What is the meaning of Exodus 28:19?
2.What is the significance of the stones mentioned in Exodus 28:19 for the priesthood?
3.How does Exodus 28:19 reflect God's attention to detail in worship practices?
4.Connect Exodus 28:19 to New Testament teachings on spiritual adornment and holiness.
5.How can we apply the symbolism of these stones to our daily Christian walk?
6.What does Exodus 28:19 teach us about God's design for beauty in worship?
7.What is the significance of the third row of stones in Exodus 28:19?
8.How do the stones in Exodus 28:19 relate to the tribes of Israel?
9.Why were specific stones chosen for the priestly breastplate in Exodus 28:19?
10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Exodus 28?
11.What do birthstones symbolize in the Bible?
12.What is the Bible's perspective on crystals?
13.Exodus 28:15-21: Could the precise identification and sourcing of twelve specific gemstones align historically with the Israelites' environment and trading networks?
14.Exodus 39:8-21: How did they manage the sophisticated techniques required to craft and engrave the breastpiece with gemstone settings in a wilderness setting?What Does Exodus 28:19 Mean A jacinthExodus 28:19 opens the third row with “a jacinth.” On the high priest’s breastpiece every gem sat in gold and bore one tribal name (Exodus 28:21). • Color and image: Jacinth glows in fiery orange-red hues. Scripture often pairs that color with judgment and zeal—note the horse “breastplates the color of fire and of hyacinth” inRevelation 9:17, a passage flashing with divine wrath yet controlled by God’s sovereign plan. • Covenant assurance: When the priest carried this stone over his heart, the tribe it represented was literally pressed to the place of intercession (Exodus 28:29). God’s people were not guessed at or grouped; they were named and known. • Future glory: Jacinth reappears in the foundations of the New Jerusalem (Revelation 21:19). The same God who engraved a tribe on the priest’s vest will engrave His redeemed people on the eternal city. Takeaway—every fiery moment in a believer’s life is still framed in gold, held close to the heart of our Great High Priest (Hebrews 4:14-16).
An agateNext comes “an agate.” • Beauty in bands: Agate forms in layered stripes, reminding us that God builds faith through seasons, one stratum upon another (Psalm 40:1-3). • Strength under pressure: Agate is a hard, durable stone. Its presence on the breastpiece spoke of a tribe chosen to stand firm. The same promise is given to every believer: “The Lord is faithful, and He will strengthen you and guard you from the evil one” (2 Thessalonians 3:3). • Walls of protection:Isaiah 54:12 pictures the restored Zion with “your gates of sparkling jewels.” The verse nestles in a context of covenant peace (Isaiah 54:10), showing that God adorns what He also shields. Takeaway—our layered stories of trial and triumph are not random; each stripe of experience showcases the Keeper who never lets go (Jude 24-25).
An amethystThe row ends with “an amethyst.” • Royal color: Amethyst’s deep purple instantly evokes kingship and priesthood. When Esther wore “royal purple” (Esther 8:15), the hue announced authority granted by the king—an echo of the priest’s gem announcing authority granted by the King of kings. • Sobriety and worship: Purple also marked the tabernacle curtains (Exodus 26:1), setting an atmosphere of reverent awe. The amethyst on the breastpiece whispered, “Approach God with honor.” • Eternal placement: Amethyst crowns the final list of foundation stones inRevelation 21:20. What graced the breast of Aaron will one day grace the very city where God dwells with His people forever (Revelation 21:3). Takeaway—the royal priesthood of believers (1 Peter 2:9) is not future only; it is present reality, calling us to walk in dignity and worship today.
summaryExodus 28:19’s third row—jacinth, agate, amethyst—shows the Lord’s heart for His covenant family: fiery zeal that protects, layered strength that endures, and royal dignity that worships. Each stone, first carried over Aaron’s heart, will later adorn the everlasting city, proving that the God who names His people now will celebrate them forever. Verse 19. - The third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. The term "ligure" is unknown in modern mineralogy; and it is to the last degree uncertain what stone the ancients intended by their lingurium or lapisligurius Some think that "jacinth," others that "tourmaline," is the stone here meant. A few suggest amber, but amber cannot receive an engraving. "Agate" and "amethyst" are generally allowed to be right translations.
Parallel Commentaries ...
Hebrew in the thirdהַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י(haš·šə·lî·šî)Article | Number - ordinal masculine singular
Strong's 7992:Third, feminine a, third, a third, a third-story cell)rowוְהַטּ֖וּר(wə·haṭ·ṭūr)Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2905:A row, a walla jacinth,לֶ֥שֶׁם(le·šem)Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3958:(a precious stone) perhaps amber or jacinthan agate,שְׁב֖וֹ(šə·ḇōw)Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7618:(a precious stone) perhaps agateand an amethyst;וְאַחְלָֽמָה׃(wə·’aḥ·lā·māh)Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 306:A gem, the amethyst
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OT Law: Exodus 28:19 And the third row a jacinth (Exo. Ex) |
