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Psalm 2:12
Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perishfrom the way, when his wrath is kindled but a little. Blessedare all they that put their trust in him.

Matthew 17:5
While he yet spake, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them: and behold a voice out of the cloud, which said, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased; hear ye him.

Hebrews 12:25
See that ye refuse not him that speaketh. For if they escaped not who refused him that spake on earth, much moreshall not weescape, if we turn away from him thatspeaketh from heaven:

provoke him not

Numbers 14:11
And the LORD said unto Moses, How long will this people provoke me? and how long will it be ere they believe me, for all the signs which I have shewed among them?

Psalm 78:40,56
How oft did they provoke him in the wilderness,and grieve him in the desert! …

Ephesians 4:30
And grieve not the holy Spirit of God, whereby ye are sealed unto the day of redemption.

he will not

Exodus 32:34
Therefore now go, lead the people untothe place of which I have spoken unto thee: behold, mine Angel shall go before thee: nevertheless in the day when I visit I will visit their sin upon them.

Numbers 14:35
I the LORD have said, I will surely do it unto all this evil congregation, that are gathered together against me: in this wilderness they shall be consumed, and there they shall die.

Deuteronomy 18:19
And it shall come to pass,that whosoever will not hearken unto my words which he shall speak in my name, I will requireit of him.

my name

Exodus 3:14
And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you.

Exodus 34:5-7
And the LORD descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the LORD…

Psalm 72:19
And blessedbe his glorious name for ever: and let the whole earth be filledwith his glory; Amen, and Amen.

do not defy him,
Defiance against the messenger is equated with defiance against God Himself. This reflects the seriousness of rebellion against divine authority, as seen in the rebellion of Korah inNumbers 16. The cultural context of the ancient Near East often involved strict adherence to the words of a king's envoy, and here, the Angel is portrayed with similar authority. This command underscores the gravity of disobedience and the consequences that follow, as seen in the Israelites' wilderness wanderings due to their rebellion.

for he will not forgive rebellion,
The inability to forgive rebellion indicates the severity of sin against God's appointed messenger. In the Old Testament, rebellion against God often led to dire consequences, such as the Babylonian exile. This phrase underscores the holiness and justice of God, who cannot overlook sin. It also foreshadows the New Testament teaching that rejection of Christ, the ultimate messenger, results in judgment (Hebrews 10:26-31).

since My Name is in him.
The phrase "My Name is in him" signifies the divine authority and presence within the Angel. In biblical terms, a name represents character and essence. This is a profound statement of the Angel's identity, suggesting a unique unity with God. It prefigures the New Testament revelation of Jesus Christ, who bears the name above all names (Philippians 2:9) and embodies the fullness of God (Colossians 2:9). This connection highlights the continuity of God's redemptive plan from the Old to the New Testament.

“Pay attention” calls Israel to focus intentionally on the angel God is sending ahead of them (Exodus 23:20). This is more than casual notice; it is alert, trusting watchfulness. • Israel once “looked and saw” the pillar of cloud and fire leading them (Exodus 13:21-22), a concrete reminder to stay visually and spiritually aligned with God’s messenger. •Psalm 91:11 speaks of angels charged with guarding God’s people; obedience begins by acknowledging their God-given authority.

The command shifts from sight to hearing—obedience requires responsive listening. •Deuteronomy 13:4 repeats the same idea: “You shall follow the LORD your God and fear Him; you shall keep His commandments, listen to His voice, serve Him, and cling to Him.” • At Jesus’ transfiguration the Father declares, “This is My Son…Listen to Him!” (Matthew 17:5), echoing the principle that God’s envoy speaks with divine authority. Hearing that leads to doing (James 1:22) safeguards the journey.

Defiance (or rebellion) is deliberate resistance. Israel is warned not to follow the pattern seen inExodus 17:2 where they “tested the LORD.” •Numbers 14:9 records Joshua and Caleb urging, “Do not rebel against the LORD,” tying rebellion directly to distrusting His guidance. •Hebrews 3:15 recalls the wilderness as an example: “Today, if you hear His voice, do not harden your hearts.” Open hearts prevent hard-headed revolt.

This sober statement underscores the messenger’s judicial role. Persistent rebellion brings real consequences. •Exodus 32:33 illustrates the principle: “Whoever has sinned against Me, I will blot out of My book.” •2 Kings 17:18 shows God’s response to entrenched disobedience: “So the LORD was very angry with Israel and removed them from His presence.” The angel’s refusal to pardon isn’t lack of mercy but affirmation that God’s justice stands when repentance is refused.

Bearing God’s Name means carrying His character, authority, and presence. • The “Angel of the LORD” spoke as God inExodus 3:2-6; here the same identification appears. •Joshua 5:13-15 reveals the “Commander of the LORD’s army,” accepted worship, and declared holy ground—again showing divine identity. •John 17:11 records Jesus praying, “Holy Father, protect them by Your Name, the Name You gave Me,” pointing to the fullest revelation of God’s Name in the Son. To resist the angel is to resist God Himself.

Exodus 23:21 solemnly instructs God’s people to stay attentive, obedient, and submissive to the divine messenger who carries God’s very Name. His guidance is sure, His authority total, and His justice unbending toward stubborn rebellion. Yielding ears and humble hearts position believers to experience God’s faithful protection and forward movement into His promises.