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Bible >Exodus >Chapter 20 > Verse 17
◄ Exodus 20:17►
New International Version
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

New Living Translation
“You must not covet your neighbor’s house. You must not covet your neighbor’s wife, male or female servant, ox or donkey, or anything else that belongs to your neighbor.”

English Standard Version
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.”

Berean Standard Bible
You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his manservant or maidservant, or his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

King James Bible
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing thatis thy neighbour's.

New King James Version
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything thatis your neighbor’s.”

New American Standard Bible
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male slave, or his female slave, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

NASB 1995
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife or his male servant or his female servant or his ox or his donkey or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

NASB 1977
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife or his male servant or his female servant or his ox or his donkey or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

Legacy Standard Bible
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife or his male slave or his female slave or his ox or his donkey or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

Amplified Bible
“You shall not covet [that is, selfishly desire and attempt to acquire] your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

Christian Standard Bible
Do not covet your neighbor’s house. Do not covet your neighbor’s wife, his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Do not covet your neighbor’s house. Do not covet your neighbor’s wife, his male or female slave, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.

American Standard Version
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is thy neighbor's.

Contemporary English Version
Do not desire to possess anything that belongs to another person--not a house, a wife, a husband, a slave, an ox, a donkey, or anything else.

English Revised Version
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"Never desire to take your neighbor's household away from him. "Never desire to take your neighbor's wife, his male or female slave, his ox, his donkey, or anything else that belongs to him."

Good News Translation
"Do not desire another man's house; do not desire his wife, his slaves, his cattle, his donkeys, or anything else that he owns."

International Standard Version
"You are not to covet your neighbor's house. You are not to covet your neighbor's wife, his male or female servant, his ox, his donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor."

NET Bible
"You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that belongs to your neighbor."

New Heart English Bible
"Do not covet your neighbor's house. Do not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's."

Webster's Bible Translation
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor's.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his manservant or maidservant, or his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

World English Bible
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor’s.”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
You do not desire the house of your neighbor, you do not desire the wife of your neighbor, or his manservant, or his handmaid, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything which [is] your neighbor’s.”

Young's Literal Translation
Thou dost not desire the house of thy neighbour, thou dost not desire the wife of thy neighbour, or his man-servant, or his handmaid, or his ox, or his ass, or anything which is thy neighbour's.'

Smith's Literal Translation
Thou shalt not desire thy friend's house, thou shalt not desire thy friend's wife, and his servant and his maid and his ox and his ass and all which is to thy friend.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house: neither shalt thou desire his wife, nor his servant, nor his handmaid, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is his.

Catholic Public Domain Version
You shall not covet the house of your neighbor; neither shall you desire his wife, nor male servant, nor female servant, nor ox, nor donkey, nor anything that is his.”

New American Bible
You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, his male or female slave, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.

New Revised Standard Version
You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or male or female slave, or ox, or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
You shall not covet your neighbor's house, you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is your neighbor's.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
You shall not lust for the house of your neighbor; you shall not lust for the wife of your neighbor or his Servant or his Maid Servant or his ox or his donkey or anything that is your neighbor’s.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house; thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife; thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house; nor his field, nor his servant, nor his maid, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any of his cattle, nor whatever belongs to thy neighbour.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Ten Commandments
…16You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.17You shall notcovetyour neighbor’shouse.You shall notcovetyour neighbor’swife,or his manservantor maidservant,or his oxor donkey,or anythingthatbelongs to your neighbor.”

Cross References
Deuteronomy 5:21
You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. You shall not covet your neighbor’s house or field, or his manservant or maidservant, or his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

Romans 7:7
What then shall we say? Is the law sin? Certainly not! Indeed, I would not have been mindful of sin if not for the law. For I would not have been aware of coveting if the law had not said, “Do not covet.”

James 4:2
You crave what you do not have; you kill and covet, but are unable to obtain it. You quarrel and fight. You do not have, because you do not ask.

Luke 12:15
And He said to them, “Watch out! Guard yourselves against every form of greed, for one’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.”

1 Timothy 6:9-10
Those who want to be rich, however, fall into temptation and become ensnared by many foolish and harmful desires that plunge them into ruin and destruction. / For the love of money is the root of all kinds of evil. By craving it, some have wandered away from the faith and pierced themselves with many sorrows.

Matthew 5:28
But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman to lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.

Colossians 3:5
Put to death, therefore, the components of your earthly nature: sexual immorality, impurity, lust, evil desires, and greed, which is idolatry.

1 Corinthians 6:10
nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor verbal abusers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God.

Ephesians 5:3
But among you, as is proper among the saints, there must not be even a hint of sexual immorality, or of any kind of impurity, or of greed.

Hebrews 13:5
Keep your lives free from the love of money and be content with what you have, for God has said: “Never will I leave you, never will I forsake you.”

Micah 2:2
They covet fields and seize them; they take away houses. They deprive a man of his home, a fellow man of his inheritance.

Proverbs 21:26
All day long he covets more, but the righteous give without restraint.

Psalm 119:36
Turn my heart to Your testimonies and not to covetous gain.

Ecclesiastes 5:10
He who loves money is never satisfied by money, and he who loves wealth is never satisfied by income. This too is futile.

Isaiah 57:17
I was enraged by his sinful greed, so I struck him and hid My face in anger; yet he kept turning back to the desires of his heart.


Treasury of Scripture

You shall not covet your neighbor's house, you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is your neighbor's.

thy neighbour's house

Genesis 3:6
And when the woman saw that the treewas good for food, and that itwas pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to makeone wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.

Genesis 14:23
That I will nottake from a thread even to a shoelatchet, and that I will not take any thing thatis thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich:

Genesis 34:23
Shall not their cattle and their substance and every beast of theirsbe ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.

wife

2 Samuel 11:2-5
And it came to pass in an eveningtide, that David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house: and from the roof he saw a woman washing herself; and the womanwas very beautiful to look upon…

Job 31:1,9
I made a covenant with mine eyes; why then should I think upon a maid? …

Proverbs 4:23
Keep thy heart with all diligence; for out of itare the issues of life.

is thy neighbour's

Matthew 20:15
Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own? Is thine eye evil, because I am good?

Acts 5:4
Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God.

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Exodus 20
1.The ten commandments are spoken by Jehovah
18.The people are afraid, but Moses comforts them
21.Idolatry is forbidden
23.Of what sort the altar should be














You shall not covet your neighbor’s house.
This commandment addresses the inner desires and thoughts, emphasizing the importance of contentment and gratitude. In ancient Israel, a "house" represented not just a physical dwelling but the entire household and estate. The prohibition against coveting highlights the spiritual principle that sin begins in the heart. This aligns with Jesus' teaching inMatthew 5:28, where He expands on the idea that sin is not just in actions but in thoughts and desires. The concept of coveting is also linked to the fall of man inGenesis 3, where Eve's desire for the forbidden fruit led to disobedience.

You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife,
This phrase underscores the sanctity of marriage and the importance of respecting the marital bond. In the cultural context of the time, women were often seen as part of a man's household, yet this commandment elevates the moral responsibility to honor and respect the marital relationship. The prohibition against coveting a neighbor's wife is echoed in the teachings of Jesus, who emphasized the seriousness of lustful thoughts inMatthew 5:27-28. This commandment serves as a safeguard for the family unit, which is a foundational element of society.

or his manservant or maidservant,
In the ancient Near Eastern context, servants were considered part of a household's wealth and status. This commandment reflects the broader biblical principle of respecting the dignity and rights of all individuals, regardless of their social status. The inclusion of servants in this commandment indicates that coveting is not limited to material possessions but extends to people and relationships. This aligns with the New Testament teaching inGalatians 3:28, which emphasizes equality and unity in Christ.

or his ox or donkey,
Oxen and donkeys were valuable assets in an agrarian society, essential for farming and transportation. Coveting these animals would indicate a desire for increased wealth and productivity at the expense of another's prosperity. This commandment encourages believers to trust in God's provision and to avoid the destructive nature of envy. The principle of contentment is further reinforced inPhilippians 4:11-12, where Paul speaks of being content in all circumstances.

or anything that belongs to your neighbor.
This final phrase serves as a comprehensive summary, covering all aspects of coveting. It emphasizes the importance of respecting others' property and being content with one's own possessions. The commandment against coveting is a call to cultivate a heart of gratitude and trust in God's provision. It is a reminder of the broader biblical theme of stewardship, where believers are called to manage their resources wisely and generously. This principle is echoed in1 Timothy 6:6-10, which warns against the love of money and encourages godliness with contentment.

Persons / Places / Events
1.Moses
The leader of the Israelites who received the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai.

2.Israelites
The chosen people of God who were delivered from slavery in Egypt and were given the Law to guide their conduct.

3.Mount Sinai
The mountain where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments, including the commandment against coveting.

4.Neighbor
In the context of this commandment, it refers to fellow members of the Israelite community and, by extension, anyone with whom one interacts.

5.God
The divine lawgiver who establishes moral and ethical standards for His people.
Teaching Points
Understanding Covetousness
Covetousness is not merely a desire for what others have but an inordinate and selfish longing that can lead to other sins.

Guarding the Heart
The commandment against coveting calls believers to examine their hearts and desires, aligning them with God's will.

Contentment as a Virtue
Cultivating contentment is a powerful antidote to covetousness, helping believers find satisfaction in God's provision.

Impact on Relationships
Coveting can damage relationships by fostering envy and resentment; believers are called to love and rejoice with others.

Spiritual Focus
Redirecting desires towards spiritual growth and eternal treasures helps believers maintain a godly perspective.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Exodus 20:17?

2.How can we guard our hearts against coveting as warned in Exodus 20:17?

3.Why is coveting considered a sin in Exodus 20:17 from a biblical perspective?

4.How does Exodus 20:17 connect with Jesus' teachings in Matthew 6:19-21?

5.What practical steps can we take to cultivate contentment in our lives?

6.How does understanding Exodus 20:17 help us strengthen our relationship with God?

7.What does Exodus 20:17 teach about human desires and material possessions?

8.How does Exodus 20:17 challenge modern consumer culture?

9.Why is coveting considered a sin in Exodus 20:17?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Exodus 20?

11.Are lustful thoughts considered sinful?

12.Is it right to desire what others possess?

13.What does the Bible teach about covetousness?

14.What does the Bible teach about lust?
What Does Exodus 20:17 Mean
You shall not covet your neighbor’s house

• The Lord begins with real estate because it represents security, status, and financial stability.

• Coveting turns a neighbor’s blessing into personal discontent, a violation of the call to “be content with what you have” (Hebrews 13:5).

• Scripture affirms that everything belongs to God anyway (Psalm 24:1); holding that truth loosens envy’s grip.

• Paul’s contented heart—“I have learned to be content regardless of my circumstances” (Philippians 4:11-12)—models the opposite spirit of coveting.

• Instead of longing for another’s house, believers steward what God entrusts, trusting Him for daily bread (Matthew 6:11).

You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife

• Desire directed toward another’s spouse is the seed of adultery; Jesus equates lustful looking with adultery in the heart (Matthew 5:28).

• Proverbs warns, “Do not lust in your heart after her beauty” (Proverbs 6:25); coveting a spouse corrodes marriages and families.

• Joseph’s refusal of Potiphar’s wife—“How could I commit such a great sin against God?” (Genesis 39:9)—illustrates fleeing temptation rather than nurturing it.

• God’s design for marriage calls each husband or wife to cherish the covenant already given (Ephesians 5:25-33;Malachi 2:15-16).

or his manservant or maidservant

• In ancient Israel, servants represented labor, productivity, and social standing. Craving another’s workforce still surfaces today through jealousy over influence, employees, or teams.

• The Lord grants gifts and positions according to His wisdom (1 Corinthians 12:11).

• Instead of resentment, believers celebrate another’s success, remembering: “Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the Lord” (Colossians 3:23).

• Seeking advantage by prying away someone else’s workers violates the spirit of loving one’s neighbor (Romans 13:9-10).

or his ox or donkey

• Oxen and donkeys were essential tools—agricultural equipment and transportation rolled into one.

• Coveting today may focus on vehicles, technology, or any resource that seems to give another person an edge.

• Scripture cautions, “Watch out and guard yourselves against every form of greed” (Luke 12:15), and reminds that “the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil” (1 Timothy 6:10).

• The same law also requires care for a neighbor’s animals (Deuteronomy 22:1-4), reinforcing that what aids a neighbor should prompt help, not envy.

or anything that belongs to your neighbor

• The final phrase throws a wide net, covering possessions, opportunities, talents—anything.

• Paul testifies that the command “Do not covet” awakened his conscience (Romans 7:7-8); coveting exposes inner idols.

• James maps the trajectory: “Each one is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desires. Then desire, when it has conceived, gives birth to sin” (James 1:14-15).

• The Spirit forms a new appetite—“Turn my heart toward Your testimonies and not toward covetous gain” (Psalm 119:36)—producing gratitude and generosity (2 Corinthians 9:11).

summary

Exodus 20:17 confronts the hidden battleground of the heart. Whether the object is a house, spouse, staff, tools, or any possession, coveting mistrusts God’s provision and poisons love for neighbor. The antidote is contentment rooted in God’s faithful care, gratitude for His gifts, and a Spirit-led joy in others’ blessings.

(17)Thou shalt not covet.--This command seems to have been added in order to teach the general principle that the Law of God is concerned, not with acts and words only, but with the thoughts of the heart. Rightly understood, the seventh and eighth commandments contain the tenth, which strikes at covetousness and lustful desire. (Comp.Matthew 5:27-28.) But ancient moralists did not usually recognise this; thought, unless carried out into acts, was regarded as "free;" no responsibility was considered to attach to it, and consequently no one felt it needful to control his thoughts or regulate them. It was therefore of importance that the Divine Law should distinctly assert a control over men's thoughts and feelings, since they are the source of all that is evil in word and act; and true godliness consists in bringing "every thought into captivity to Christ" (2Corinthians 10:5).

Verse 17. -Thou shalt not covet. Here the Mosaic law takes a step enormously in advance of any other ancient code. Most codes stopped short at the deed; a few went on to words; not one attempted to control thoughts. "Thou shalt not covet" teaches men that there is One who sees the heart; to whose eyes "all things are naked and open;" and who cares far less for the outward act than the inward thought or motive from which the act proceeds. "Thou shalt not covet: lays it down again that we are not mere slaves of our natural desires and passions, but have a controlling power implanted within us, by means of which we can keep down passion, check desire, resist impulse. Man is lord of himself, capable, by the exercise of his free-will, of moulding his feelings, weakening or intensifying his passions, shaping his character. God, who "requires truth in the inward parts," looks that we should in all cases go to the root of the matter, and not be content with restraining ourselves from evil acts and evil words, but eradicate the evil feeling from which the acts and words proceed.Thy neighbours house, etc. The "house" is mentioned first as being of primary necessity, and as in some sort containing all the rest. A man does not take a wife until he has a home to bring her to, or engage domestic servants, or buy slaves, except to form part of a household. The other objects mentioned are placed in the order in which they are usually valued. The multiplication of objects is by way of emphasis.

CHAPTER 20:18-21

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
You shall not
לֹ֥א(lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808:Not, no

covet
תַחְמֹ֖ד(ṯaḥ·mōḏ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 2530:To desire, take pleasure in

your neighbor’s
רֵעֶ֑ךָ(rê·‘e·ḵā)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 7453:Friend, companion, fellow

house.
בֵּ֣ית(bêṯ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1004:A house

You shall not
לֹֽא־(lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808:Not, no

covet
תַחְמֹ֞ד(ṯaḥ·mōḏ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 2530:To desire, take pleasure in

your neighbor’s
רֵעֶ֗ךָ(rê·‘e·ḵā)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 7453:Friend, companion, fellow

wife,
אֵ֣שֶׁת(’ê·šeṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 802:Woman, wife, female

or his manservant
וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ(wə·‘aḇ·dōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5650:Slave, servant

or maidservant,
וַאֲמָתוֹ֙(wa·’ă·mā·ṯōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 519:A maidservant, female slave

or his ox
וְשׁוֹר֣וֹ(wə·šō·w·rōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7794:A head of cattle (bullock, ox, etcetera)

or donkey,
וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ(wa·ḥă·mō·rōw)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2543:A male ass

or anything
וְכֹ֖ל(wə·ḵōl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3605:The whole, all, any, every

that
אֲשֶׁ֥ר(’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834:Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

belongs to your neighbor.
לְרֵעֶֽךָ׃(lə·rê·‘e·ḵā)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 7453:Friend, companion, fellow


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OT Law: Exodus 20:17 You shall not covet your neighbor's house (Exo. Ex)
Exodus 20:16
Exodus 20:18
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