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Exodus 14:21
And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and the LORD caused the sea to goback by a strong east wind all that night, and made the sea dryland, and the waters were divided.

Genesis 8:1
And God remembered Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle thatwas with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters asswaged;

Psalm 74:13,14
Thou didst divide the sea by thy strength: thou brakest the heads of the dragons in the waters…

the sea

Exodus 14:28
And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen,and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not so much as one of them.

Deuteronomy 11:4
And what he did unto the army of Egypt, unto their horses, and to their chariots; how he made the water of the Red sea to overflow them as they pursued after you, andhow the LORD hath destroyed them unto this day;

they sank

Exodus 15:5
The depths have covered them: they sank into the bottom as a stone.

and the sea covered them
This refers to the miraculous event where the Red Sea returned to its place after the Israelites had crossed on dry ground, drowning the pursuing Egyptian army. The covering of the sea is a fulfillment of God's promise to deliver His people from their oppressors (Exodus 14:13-14). The event is a pivotal moment in Israel's history, symbolizing God's protection and the finality of their liberation from slavery. Theologically, it represents the judgment of God against those who oppose His will and the salvation of His chosen people. This act is also a type of baptism, as referenced in1 Corinthians 10:1-2, where Paul speaks of the Israelites being "baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea."

They sank like lead
The simile "like lead" emphasizes the sudden and complete destruction of the Egyptian forces. Lead, being a heavy metal, sinks quickly and irretrievably, illustrating the finality of God's judgment. This imagery underscores the powerlessness of the Egyptians against the might of God. The sinking of the Egyptians serves as a warning against pride and opposition to God’s plans. It also highlights the futility of human strength against divine will, as seen in other biblical narratives where God opposes the proud (James 4:6).

in the mighty waters
The "mighty waters" refer to the Red Sea, which God used as an instrument of both salvation and judgment. The term "mighty" underscores the formidable nature of the sea, which was beyond human control but completely subject to God's command. This event is a testament to God's dominion over creation, as seen inPsalm 77:16-19, where the waters are described as trembling at God's presence. The crossing of the Red Sea is a foundational event in Israel's history, often recalled in Scripture as a demonstration of God's power and faithfulness (Psalm 136:13-15). It prefigures the ultimate deliverance through Jesus Christ, who calms the stormy seas (Mark 4:39) and provides a way of salvation through His death and resurrection.

- In the previous chapter “the LORD drove the sea back with a strong east wind” (Exodus 14:21). Here that same action is retold poetically, stressing that a mere breath from God is enough to reshape creation.

-Psalm 33:6 echoes the idea: “By the word of the LORD the heavens were made, and all the stars by the breath of His mouth.” The power that once spoke galaxies into being now intervenes personally for His people.

-Job 37:10 reminds us, “By the breath of God the ice is formed,” underscoring that natural forces submit to their Creator.

- The verse affirms the literal miracle at the Red Sea: Israel’s God did not rely on chance winds; He deliberately exhaled, and nature obeyed.

- When Moses stretched out his hand, “the sea returned to its normal depth” and “the LORD overthrew the Egyptians” (Exodus 14:27).

-Psalm 106:11 celebrates the same moment: “The waters covered their foes; not one of them remained.” Divine rescue for Israel meant unavoidable judgment for Egypt.

-Hebrews 11:29 contrasts faith-filled Israel with her pursuers: “By faith the people passed through the Red Sea as on dry land; but when the Egyptians tried to do so, they were drowned.”

- God’s covering sea illustrates a pattern: deliverance and judgment arrive in the same stroke, proving His justice and covenant faithfulness.

- The language paints a swift, irreversible descent—no struggle, no survival.Nehemiah 9:11 recounts, “You threw their pursuers into the depths, like a stone into raging waters.”

-Jeremiah 51:64 uses a similar image for Babylon’s fall: “So Babylon will sink and rise no more.” The weight of rebellion drags the unrepentant down.

- For Israel, the scene confirmed that their decades of slavery were truly over; the army that enforced it had vanished beyond retrieval.

- “Mighty” points to both the physical power of the sea and the matchless power of its Creator.Psalm 93:4 proclaims, “Mightier than the thunder of many waters… the LORD on high is majestic.”

-Isaiah 43:2 reassures God’s people, “When you pass through the waters, I will be with you.” What drowns the enemy cannot drown those under God’s protection.

- Jonah testified from beneath waves that felt equally “mighty” (Jonah 2:3), yet even there the LORD could save—a reminder that His sovereignty extends everywhere water can reach.

Exodus 15:10 celebrates a literal, historical moment when God’s breath overcame nature, His sea swallowed the oppressor, and His people saw their foes sink beyond recovery. Each phrase magnifies His unmatched authority: He commands creation, administers perfect justice, and secures lasting freedom for those who trust Him.

They sank as lead.--CompareExodus 15:5. To an eye-witness, it would seem, the sudden submersion and disappearance of each warrior, as the waters closed around him, was peculiarly impressive. Each seemed to be swallowed up at once, without a struggle. This would be a natural result of the heavy armour worn by the picked warriors.

In the mighty waters.--With these words the second stanza, or strophe, closes. Miriam and her maidens, it is probable, again interposed with the magnificent refrain, "Sing ye to the Lord, for he hath glorified himself gloriously; the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea."