Moses was a hundred and twenty years old when he diedMoses' lifespan of 120 years is significant, as it is divided into three distinct 40-year periods: his time in Egypt, his years in Midian, and his leadership of Israel. This division highlights the stages of preparation, calling, and fulfillment in his life. The number 120 is also seen as a symbol of completion in biblical numerology. Moses' age at death reflects God's sovereign timing and the fulfillment of his mission. His life span is consistent with the longevity of other patriarchs, though it marks the end of an era as lifespans decrease in subsequent generations.
yet his eyes were not weak
This phrase indicates that Moses retained his physical strength and clarity of vision until his death. It suggests divine preservation and blessing, as diminished eyesight was common in old age. The preservation of his sight symbolizes spiritual insight and leadership ability, which Moses maintained throughout his life. It also underscores the miraculous nature of his life, as he was able to see the Promised Land from Mount Nebo, though he was not permitted to enter it.
and his vitality had not diminished
Moses' undiminished vitality at 120 years old is a testament to God's sustaining power. It signifies that Moses remained vigorous and capable, both physically and spiritually, until the end of his life. This vitality is a reflection of his close relationship with God and his role as a prophet and leader. It also serves as a type of Christ, who, though crucified, demonstrated ultimate strength and life through His resurrection. Moses' enduring strength is a reminder of the potential for divine empowerment in fulfilling God's purposes.
Persons / Places / Events
1.
MosesThe central figure in this verse, Moses is the leader of the Israelites who led them out of Egypt and through the wilderness. He is known for his close relationship with God and his role as a prophet and lawgiver.
2.
Mount NeboAlthough not mentioned directly in this verse, it is the location where Moses views the Promised Land before his death. It is a significant place in the account of Moses' final moments.
3.
IsraelitesThe people whom Moses led for 40 years through the wilderness. They are on the brink of entering the Promised Land as Moses' life comes to an end.
4.
Promised LandThe land of Canaan, promised by God to Abraham and his descendants. Moses sees it from a distance but is not allowed to enter.
5.
Death of MosesThis event marks the end of an era for the Israelites and the transition of leadership to Joshua.
Teaching Points
The Endurance of Faithful ServiceMoses' physical vitality at 120 years old symbolizes the sustaining power of God in the life of a faithful servant. His strength and clear vision reflect a life lived in obedience and reliance on God.
The Sovereignty of God in Leadership TransitionsMoses' death and the transition to Joshua remind us that God's plans continue beyond individual leaders. God prepares and equips new leaders to carry forward His purposes.
The Importance of Finishing WellMoses' life encourages believers to remain faithful to God's calling until the end. Despite not entering the Promised Land, Moses fulfilled his mission by leading the Israelites to its threshold.
The Legacy of ObedienceMoses' life and leadership leave a legacy of obedience and faith. His account challenges us to consider the impact of our own lives and the legacy we leave for future generations.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Deuteronomy 34:7?
2.How does Moses' vitality at 120 years inspire our faith and perseverance?
3.What does Deuteronomy 34:7 teach about God's sustaining power in our lives?
4.How can we apply Moses' example of strength to our spiritual journey?
5.What other biblical figures demonstrate God's provision of strength and health?
6.How does Moses' life encourage us to trust God's timing and purposes?
7.How did Moses maintain his strength and vision at 120 years old in Deuteronomy 34:7?
8.Why did God allow Moses to die before entering the Promised Land?
9.What is the significance of Moses' age in Deuteronomy 34:7?
10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Deuteronomy 34?
11.How could Jehoiada realistically reach the age of 130 (2 Chronicles 24:15), given the average lifespans recorded elsewhere and historical data?
12.What was Moses' age at death?
13.Why is Moses described as having undiminished strength at 120 years old, considering normal human aging (Deut. 34:7)?
14.What was Moses' age at death?What Does Deuteronomy 34:7 Mean
Moses was a hundred and twenty years old when he died• Scripture states plainly: “Moses was a hundred and twenty years old when he died” (Deuteronomy 34:7).
•Genesis 6:3 hints at 120 years as a general upper limit; Moses reaches it exactly, displaying God’s sovereign control over lifespans.
• Moses’ age brackets key chapters of redemptive history: born under Pharaoh’s edict (Exodus 1–2), forty years in Egypt, forty in Midian, forty leading Israel (Acts 7:23, 30, 36).
• His longevity testifies that God equips leaders for every season required (Deuteronomy 34:10–12).
•Psalm 90—attributed to Moses—admits an ordinary span of seventy or eighty years (verse 10). Moses exceeds that, underscoring extraordinary divine favor and purpose.
Yet his eyes were not weak• Even at 120, “his eyes were not weak” (Deuteronomy 34:7).
• Sight in Scripture often symbolizes spiritual perception. Moses’ physical clarity mirrors his undimmed vision of God’s promises (Numbers 12:6–8).
• Earlier he climbed Nebo and “the LORD showed him all the land” (Deuteronomy 34:1). Healthy eyes enabled him to view the inheritance he could not enter, affirming God’s faithfulness.
• Compare Isaac, whose “eyes were so dim that he could not see” at old age (Genesis 27:1). Moses stands in contrast, reinforcing that obedience preserves vitality.
•Proverbs 29:18 reminds us, “Where there is no vision, the people cast off restraint.” Moses’ clear eyes reflect a life lived in constant revelation.
And his vitality had not diminished• The verse continues, “and his vitality had not diminished” (Deuteronomy 34:7).
• Physical vigor at such age underlines supernatural preservation.Deuteronomy 33:25 promises, “As your days, so shall your strength be,” exemplified in Moses.
• Caleb offers a parallel: at eighty-five he declares, “I am still as strong today as I was the day Moses sent me out” (Joshua 14:10-11). God sustains servants assigned unfinished work.
•Isaiah 40:31 affirms, “They will run and not grow weary, they will walk and not faint.” Moses personifies that promise for a generation that doubted God’s power.
• Vitality here is not merely stamina but readiness to bless. He spends his last hours blessing Israel (Deuteronomy 33) and passing leadership to Joshua (Deuteronomy 34:9), showing strength directed to service until his final breath.
summaryDeuteronomy 34:7 presents Moses as a man whose lifespan, eyesight, and energy were all miraculously preserved. His exact 120 years fulfill divine design; his clear eyes signify undimmed spiritual perception; his undiminished vigor evidences God’s sustaining power. Together these details spotlight a faithful God who equips His servant fully until the mission is complete, encouraging believers to trust that He can likewise supply every needed strength until our work is finished.
Verse 7. - Though Moses had reached the age of a hundred and twenty years, his eye had not become dim, nor were the juices of his body dried.
Natural force. The word so rendered (
לֵחַ) occurs only here; but it is doubtless the subst. connected with the adj.
לַח moist, fresh (cf.
Genesis 30:37;
Numbers 6:3), and properly means moisture, freshness. It is used here of the natural juices of the body.
Parallel Commentaries ...
Hebrew
Moses [was]וּמֹשֶׁ֗ה(ū·mō·šeh)Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4872:Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgivera hundredמֵאָ֧ה(mê·’āh)Number - feminine singular
Strong's 3967:A hundredand twentyוְעֶשְׂרִ֛ים(wə·‘eś·rîm)Conjunctive waw | Number - common plural
Strong's 6242:Twenty, twentiethyears oldבֶּן־(ben-)Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121:A sonwhen he died,בְּמֹת֑וֹ(bə·mō·ṯōw)Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4194:Death, the dead, their place, state, pestilence, ruinyet his eyesעֵינ֖וֹ(‘ê·nōw)Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5869:An eye, a fountainwere notלֹֽא־(lō-)Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808:Not, noweak,כָהֲתָ֥ה(ḵā·hă·ṯāh)Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3543:To be weak, to despond, to grow dulland his vitalityלֵחֹֽה׃(lê·ḥōh)Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3893:Moisture, freshnesshad notוְלֹא־(wə·lō-)Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808:Not, nodiminished.נָ֥ס(nās)Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5127:To flit, vanish away
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OT Law: Deuteronomy 34:7 Moses was one hundred twenty years old (Deut. De Du)