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◄ Deuteronomy 31:3►
New International Version
The LORD your God himself will cross over ahead of you. He will destroy these nations before you, and you will take possession of their land. Joshua also will cross over ahead of you, as the LORD said.

New Living Translation
But the LORD your God himself will cross over ahead of you. He will destroy the nations living there, and you will take possession of their land. Joshua will lead you across the river, just as the LORD promised.

English Standard Version
The LORD your God himself will go over before you. He will destroy these nations before you, so that you shall dispossess them, and Joshua will go over at your head, as the LORD has spoken.

Berean Standard Bible
The LORD your God Himself will cross over ahead of you. He will destroy these nations before you, and you will dispossess them. Joshua will cross ahead of you, as the LORD has said.

King James Bible
The LORD thy God, he will go over before thee,and he will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt possess them:and Joshua, he shall go over before thee, as the LORD hath said.

New King James Version
The LORD your God Himself crosses over before you; He will destroy these nations from before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua himself crosses over before you, just as the LORD has said.

New American Standard Bible
It is the LORD your God who is going to cross ahead of you; He Himself will destroy these nations before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua is the one who is going to cross ahead of you, just as the LORD has spoken.

NASB 1995
“It is the LORD your God who will cross ahead of you; He will destroy these nations before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua is the one who will cross ahead of you, just as the LORD has spoken.

NASB 1977
“It is the LORD your God who will cross ahead of you; He will destroy these nations before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua is the one who will cross ahead of you, just as the LORD has spoken.

Legacy Standard Bible
It is Yahweh your God who will cross ahead of you; He will destroy these nations before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua is the one who will cross ahead of you, just as Yahweh has spoken.

Amplified Bible
It is the LORD your God who will cross ahead of you; He will destroy these nations before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua is the one who will go across before you [to lead you], just as the LORD has said.

Christian Standard Bible
The LORD your God is the one who will cross ahead of you. He will destroy these nations before you, and you will drive them out. Joshua is the one who will cross ahead of you, as the LORD has said.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The LORD your God is the One who will cross ahead of you. He will destroy these nations before you, and you will drive them out. Joshua is the one who will cross ahead of you, as the LORD has said.

American Standard Version
Jehovah thy God, he will go over before thee; he will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt dispossess them: and Joshua, he shall go over before thee, as Jehovah hath spoken.

English Revised Version
The LORD thy God, he will go over before thee; he will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt possess them: and Joshua, he shall go over before thee, as the LORD hath spoken.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The LORD your God is the one who will cross the river ahead of you. He will destroy those nations as you arrive, and you will take possession of their land. Joshua will also cross the river ahead of you, as the LORD told you.

Good News Translation
The LORD your God himself will go before you and destroy the nations living there, so that you can occupy their land; and Joshua will be your leader, as the LORD has said.

International Standard Version
and the LORD told me, 'You won't be crossing the Jordan River.' But the LORD your God is crossing over before you. He will destroy these nations in front of you and you will dispossess them. As for Joshua, he will cross over before you, just as the LORD promised.

NET Bible
As for the LORD your God, he is about to cross over before you; he will destroy these nations before you and dispossess them. As for Joshua, he is about to cross before you just as the LORD has said.

New Heart English Bible
The LORD your God, he will go over before you; he will destroy these nations from before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua shall go over before you, as the LORD has spoken.

Webster's Bible Translation
The LORD thy God, he will go over before thee, and he will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt possess them: and Joshua he shall go over before thee, as the LORD hath said.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
The LORD your God Himself will cross over ahead of you. He will destroy these nations before you, and you will dispossess them. Joshua will cross ahead of you, as the LORD has said.

World English Bible
Yahweh your God himself will go over before you. He will destroy these nations from before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua will go over before you, as Yahweh has spoken.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Your God YHWH—He is passing over before you; He destroys these nations from before you, and you have possessed them; Joshua—he is passing over before you, as YHWH has spoken.

Young's Literal Translation
'Jehovah thy God He is passing over before thee, He doth destroy these nations from before thee, and thou hast possessed them; Joshua -- he is passing over before thee as Jehovah hath spoken,

Smith's Literal Translation
Jehovah thy God he goes over before thee, and he will destroy these nations from before thee, and possess thou them: Joshua he passes over before thee as Jehovah spake.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The Lord thy God then will pass over before thee: he will destroy all these nations in thy sight, and thou shalt possess them: and this Josue shall go over before thee, as the Lord hath spoken.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Therefore, the Lord your God will go across before you. He himself will abolish all these nations in your sight, and you shall possess them. And this man Joshua shall go across before you, just as the Lord has spoken.

New American Bible
It is the LORD, your God, who will cross before you; he will destroy these nations before you, that you may dispossess them. (It is Joshua who will cross before you, as the LORD promised.)

New Revised Standard Version
The LORD your God himself will cross over before you. He will destroy these nations before you, and you shall dispossess them. Joshua also will cross over before you, as the LORD promised.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The LORD your God, he will go over before you, and he will destroy these nations from before you, and you shall possess them; and Joshua shall go over before you, as the LORD has said.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
LORD JEHOVAH your God, He crosses before you and he shall destroy these nations from before you and you shall possess them; Yeshua, he passes before you, as LORD JEHOVAH said.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
The LORD thy God, He will go over before thee; He will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt dispossess them; and Joshua, he shall go over before thee, as the LORD hath spoken.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The Lord thy God who goes before thee, he shall destroy these nations before thee, and thou shalt inherit them: andit shall be Joshua that goes before thy face, as the Lord has spoken.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Moses Encourages the People
…2he said to them, “I am now a hundred and twenty years old; I am no longer able to come and go, and the LORD has said to me, ‘You shall not cross the Jordan.’3The LORDyour GodHimselfwill cross overahead of you.Hewill destroythesenationsbefore you,and you will dispossess them.Joshuawill crossahead of you,asthe LORDhas said.4And the LORD will do to them as He did to Sihon and Og, the kings of the Amorites, when He destroyed them along with their land.…

Cross References
Joshua 1:5
No one shall stand against you all the days of your life. As I was with Moses, so will I be with you; I will never leave you nor forsake you.

Exodus 23:23
For My angel will go before you and bring you into the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites, and Jebusites, and I will annihilate them.

Numbers 27:18-20
And the LORD replied to Moses, “Take Joshua son of Nun, a man with the Spirit in him, and lay your hands on him. / Have him stand before Eleazar the priest and the whole congregation, and commission him in their sight. / Confer on him some of your authority, so that the whole congregation of Israel will obey him.

Joshua 3:10
He continued, “This is how you will know that the living God is among you and that He will surely drive out before you the Canaanites, Hittites, Hivites, Perizzites, Girgashites, Amorites, and Jebusites.

Joshua 23:5
The LORD your God will push them out of your way and drive them out before you, so that you can take possession of their land, as the LORD your God promised you.

Judges 2:18
Whenever the LORD raised up a judge for the Israelites, He was with that judge and saved them from the hands of their enemies while the judge was still alive; for the LORD was moved to pity by their groaning under those who oppressed them and afflicted them.

Psalm 44:2-3
With Your hand You drove out the nations and planted our fathers there; You crushed the peoples and cast them out. / For it was not by their sword that they took the land; their arm did not bring them victory. It was by Your right hand, Your arm, and the light of Your face, because You favored them.

Isaiah 41:10
Do not fear, for I am with you; do not be afraid, for I am your God. I will strengthen you; I will surely help you; I will uphold you with My righteous right hand.

Isaiah 43:2
When you pass through the waters, I will be with you; and when you go through the rivers, they will not overwhelm you. When you walk through the fire, you will not be scorched; the flames will not set you ablaze.

Isaiah 45:2
“I will go before you and level the mountains; I will break down the gates of bronze and cut through the bars of iron.

Jeremiah 1:8
Do not be afraid of them, for I am with you to deliver you,” declares the LORD.

Matthew 28:20
and teaching them to obey all that I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, even to the end of the age.”

John 14:18
I will not leave you as orphans; I will come to you.

Acts 7:45
And our fathers who received it brought it in with Joshua when they dispossessed the nations God drove out before them. It remained until the time of David,

Romans 8:31
What then shall we say in response to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us?


Treasury of Scripture

The LORD your God, he will go over before you, and he will destroy these nations from before you, and you shall possess them: and Joshua, he shall go over before you, as the LORD has said.

thy God

Deuteronomy 9:3
Understand therefore this day, that the LORD thy Godis he which goeth over before thee;as a consuming fire he shall destroy them, and he shall bring them down before thy face: so shalt thou drive them out, and destroy them quickly, as the LORD hath said unto thee.

Genesis 48:21
And Israel said unto Joseph, Behold, I die: but God shall be with you, and bring you again unto the land of your fathers.

Psalm 44:2,3
How thou didst drive out the heathen with thy hand, and plantedst them;how thou didst afflict the people, and cast them out…

and Joshua

Deuteronomy 31:7,8,14,23
And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel, Be strong and of a good courage: for thou must go with this people unto the land which the LORD hath sworn unto their fathers to give them; and thou shalt cause them to inherit it…

Deuteronomy 3:28
But charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him: for he shall go over before this people, and he shall cause them to inherit the land which thou shalt see.

Deuteronomy 34:9
And Joshua the son of Nun was full of the spirit of wisdom; for Moses had laid his hands upon him: and the children of Israel hearkened unto him, and did as the LORD commanded Moses.

Jesus

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Deuteronomy 31
1.Moses encourages the people
7.He encourages Joshua
9.He delivers the law unto the priests to be read in the seventh year
14.God gives a charge to Joshua
19.and a song to testify against the people
24.Moses delivers the book of the law to the Levites to keep
28.He makes a protestation














The LORD your God Himself will cross over ahead of you.
This phrase emphasizes God's direct involvement in the Israelites' journey into the Promised Land. It reflects God's covenant faithfulness, as He personally leads His people, ensuring their success. This divine leadership is reminiscent of God's guidance during the Exodus, where He led the Israelites with a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night (Exodus 13:21). The crossing over signifies a transition from the wilderness into a land of promise, echoing the crossing of the Red Sea and foreshadowing the crossing of the Jordan River. It underscores God's sovereignty and His role as the ultimate leader and protector of Israel.

He will destroy these nations before you,
This phrase highlights God's promise to defeat the Canaanite nations occupying the Promised Land. It reflects the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham regarding the land (Genesis 15:18-21). The destruction of these nations is both a judgment against their iniquity and a means to establish Israel in the land. This action is consistent with God's justice and holiness, as the Canaanites' practices were abominable (Leviticus 18:24-25). Theologically, it points to God's power to overcome obstacles and enemies, a theme echoed in the New Testament where believers are assured of victory over spiritual adversaries through Christ (Romans 8:37).

and you will dispossess them.
This phrase indicates the Israelites' role in taking possession of the land. While God promises victory, the Israelites must actively participate in the conquest. This partnership between divine sovereignty and human responsibility is a recurring biblical theme. The term "dispossess" implies not just military conquest but also the establishment of a new order under God's law. It serves as a reminder of the importance of obedience and faithfulness to God's commands, as seen in the subsequent warnings against adopting the Canaanites' practices (Deuteronomy 7:1-5).

Joshua will cross ahead of you,
Joshua's leadership is affirmed here, marking the transition from Moses to Joshua. Joshua, whose name means "The LORD is salvation," is a type of Christ, prefiguring Jesus as the one who leads God's people into their spiritual inheritance. Joshua's role is crucial as he embodies faith and courage, qualities necessary for the conquest. His leadership is a continuation of God's plan, as he was previously commissioned by Moses (Numbers 27:18-23). This transition also signifies the importance of godly leadership and the passing of the mantle to a new generation.

as the LORD has said.
This phrase underscores the reliability of God's word and His faithfulness to His promises. It refers to God's earlier instructions and assurances regarding the leadership transition and the conquest of Canaan (Deuteronomy 1:38, 3:28). The fulfillment of God's word in Joshua's leadership and the conquest serves as a testament to His unchanging nature and the certainty of His promises. This assurance is echoed throughout Scripture, reminding believers of the trustworthiness of God's word (Isaiah 55:11,2 Corinthians 1:20).

Persons / Places / Events
1.The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant God of Israel, who promises to lead and fight for His people.

2.Moses
The leader of Israel who is preparing to pass leadership to Joshua.

3.Joshua
The appointed successor of Moses, tasked with leading Israel into the Promised Land.

4.The Nations
The inhabitants of Canaan whom God promises to destroy before Israel.

5.The Promised Land (Canaan)
The land promised to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Teaching Points
God's Leadership and Sovereignty
God Himself leads His people, demonstrating His sovereignty and faithfulness. We can trust Him to guide us through life's challenges.

The Role of Human Leadership
While God is the ultimate leader, He appoints human leaders like Joshua to fulfill His purposes. We should respect and support godly leadership in our communities.

The Assurance of Victory
God's promise to destroy the nations before Israel assures us of victory over spiritual battles when we rely on His strength.

Transition and Trust
As Moses transitions leadership to Joshua, it teaches us to trust God's plan during times of change and uncertainty.

Faith in God's Promises
Just as Israel was called to have faith in God's promises, we are called to trust in His Word and His plans for our lives.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of Deuteronomy 31:3?

2.How does Deuteronomy 31:3 encourage trust in God's leadership and promises?

3.What role does God play in leading His people according to Deuteronomy 31:3?

4.How does Deuteronomy 31:3 connect with God's faithfulness in Joshua's leadership?

5.How can we apply the assurance of God's presence in Deuteronomy 31:3 today?

6.In what ways does Deuteronomy 31:3 inspire confidence in facing life's challenges?

7.How does Deuteronomy 31:3 demonstrate God's leadership and presence with His people?

8.What historical context surrounds Deuteronomy 31:3 and its message to the Israelites?

9.How does Deuteronomy 31:3 reflect God's promise to go before His people?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from Deuteronomy 31?

11.What are key events in Joshua's life?

12.What defines a holy war?

13.Joshua 24:14-15 - How does this pledge to exclusively serve the Lord reconcile with the later biblical narratives showing continued idolatry in Israel?

14.Proverbs 21:31: If ultimate victory comes from God rather than human effort, why does history record victories by armies and leaders who seem to have no divine guidance?
What Does Deuteronomy 31:3 Mean
The LORD your God Himself will cross over ahead of you

The opening promise puts God, not Israel, at the head of the march. He is personally invested in their forward movement.

• God’s presence meant more than symbolic comfort; He physically guided them before (Exodus 13:21-22) and pledges to do so again (Deuteronomy 1:30).

• When God goes first, obstacles give way (Isaiah 52:12); when He leads, His people follow securely (John 10:4).

• This same assurance extends to every believer: “I will never leave you nor forsake you” (Hebrews 13:5), so we can press on with confidence (Romans 8:31).

He will destroy these nations before you

Before Israel even raises a sword, the outcome is settled. God Himself topples the entrenched powers of Canaan.

• Earlier He vowed, “When the LORD your God brings you into the land… He will drive out many nations before you” (Deuteronomy 7:1-2).

• The angel of the LORD prepared the battlefield (Exodus 23:20-23;Joshua 24:12).

• Victory is credited to God, not human strength: “It was not by their sword that they took the land… it was Your right hand” (Psalm 44:2-3;2 Chronicles 20:15).

and you will dispossess them

God fights, yet His people still act. They step in to occupy what He clears.

• Promise and participation intertwine: “Take possession of the land the LORD swore to give your fathers” (Numbers 33:53;Deuteronomy 1:8).

• Obedience moves them from spectators to beneficiaries, a pattern echoed in “work out your salvation… for it is God who works in you” (Philippians 2:12-13).

• The inheritance is certain, but seizing it requires courage, holiness, and trust in divine timing.

Joshua will cross ahead of you

Leadership passes from Moses to Joshua, underscoring continuity rather than change in God’s plan.

• God had already singled out Joshua: “Take Joshua son of Nun… commission him” (Numbers 27:18-23).

• With Joshua in front (Joshua 1:2-5), the people see a visible shepherd while still relying on the invisible One.

• Human leaders matter, yet they follow God themselves (1 Corinthians 11:1); Joshua foreshadows the greater Yeshua who brings rest (Hebrews 4:8-10).

as the LORD has said

Every clause in the verse rests on the unbreakable word of God.

• “God is not a man, that He should lie” (Numbers 23:19).

• Centuries later, Joshua could testify, “Not one word has failed of all the good promises” (Joshua 21:45;1 Kings 8:56).

• His track record fuels present faith: “All the promises of God are ‘Yes’ in Christ” (2 Corinthians 1:20;Revelation 21:5).

summary

Deuteronomy 31:3 anchors Israel’s daunting future in God’s personal leadership, decisive power, and unfailing word. He goes first, defeats the enemy, invites His people to possess the inheritance, works through a faithful human leader, and guarantees it all by His prior promise. The verse calls us to follow with the same confidence: the God who leads never loses, and the God who speaks never forgets.

Verses 3-6. - But though Moses was no longer to be their leader, he assures them that the Lord would fulfill his engagement to conduct them to the possession of Canaan, even as he had already given them the territory of the kings of the Amorites; and he therefore exhorts them to be of good courage and fearlessly go forward to the conquest of the laud (cf.Deuteronomy 1:21;Deuteronomy 10:3).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The LORD
יְהוָ֨ה(Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068:LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

your God
אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ(’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā)
Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 430:gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

Himself
ה֣וּא ׀(hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931:He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

will cross over
עֹבֵ֣ר(‘ō·ḇêr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5674:To pass over, through, or by, pass on

ahead of you.
לְפָנֶ֗יךָ(lə·p̄ā·ne·ḵā)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 6440:The face

He
הֽוּא־(hū-)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931:He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

will destroy
יַשְׁמִ֞יד(yaš·mîḏ)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8045:To be exterminated or destroyed

these
הָאֵ֛לֶּה(hā·’êl·leh)
Article | Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428:These, those

nations
הַגּוֹיִ֥ם(hag·gō·w·yim)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 1471:A foreign nation, a Gentile, a troop of animals, a flight of locusts

before you,
מִלְּפָנֶ֖יךָ(mil·lə·p̄ā·ne·ḵā)
Preposition-m, Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 6440:The face

and you will dispossess them.
וִֽירִשְׁתָּ֑ם(wî·riš·tām)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3423:To occupy, to seize, to rob, to inherit, to expel, to impoverish, to ruin

Joshua
יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ(yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3091:Joshua -- 'the LORD is salvation', Moses' successor, also the name of a number of Israelites

will cross
עֹבֵ֣ר(‘ō·ḇêr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5674:To pass over, through, or by, pass on

ahead of you,
לְפָנֶ֔יךָ(lə·p̄ā·ne·ḵā)
Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 6440:The face

as
כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר(ka·’ă·šer)
Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834:Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

the LORD
יְהוָֽה׃(Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068:LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

has said.
דִּבֶּ֥ר(dib·ber)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1696:To arrange, to speak, to subdue


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 31:3 Yahweh your God he will go over (Deut. De Du)
Deuteronomy 31:2
Deuteronomy 31:4
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