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1 Samuel 10:5
After that thou shalt come to the hill of God, whereis the garrison of the Philistines: and it shall come to pass, when thou art come thither to the city, that thou shalt meet a company of prophets coming down from the high place with a psaltery, and a tabret, and a pipe, and a harp, before them; and they shall prophesy:

1 Samuel 16:16
Let our lord now command thy servants,which are before thee, to seek out a man,who is a cunning player on an harp: and it shall come to pass, when the evil spirit from God is upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well.

2 Kings 3:15
But now bring me a minstrel. And it came to pass, when the minstrel played, that the hand of the LORD came upon him.

on all manner.

1 Chronicles 13:8
And David and all Israel played before God with alltheir might, and with singing, and with harps, and with psalteries, and with timbrels, and with cymbals, and with trumpets.

with all kinds of wood instruments
The use of wood instruments indicates the variety and richness of the musical worship. Instruments made from wood were common in ancient Israel, and their inclusion in worship signifies the use of available resources to honor God. This phrase suggests a diversity of sounds and a full orchestration, reflecting the creativity and skill of the musicians. The use of instruments in worship is seen throughout the Psalms, where music is a central element of praise (Psalm 150).

harps
Harps were stringed instruments often associated with joy and worship. David himself was known for playing the harp, which he used to soothe King Saul (1 Samuel 16:23). The harp's inclusion in this celebration connects to David's personal history and his role as a musician and worship leader. Harps are frequently mentioned in the Psalms, underscoring their importance in Israelite worship (Psalm 33:2).

stringed instruments
This phrase encompasses a variety of instruments, including lyres and lutes, which were common in ancient Near Eastern music. Stringed instruments were versatile and could produce a range of sounds, from joyful to mournful. Their use in worship highlights the emotional depth and expressiveness of Israel's musical tradition. The inclusion of stringed instruments in worship is echoed in the Psalms, where they are often called upon to praise God (Psalm 92:3).

tambourines
Tambourines were percussion instruments associated with dance and celebration. They were often played by women, as seen in the victory song of Miriam after the crossing of the Red Sea (Exodus 15:20). The tambourine's rhythmic sound added energy and movement to the worship, symbolizing joy and triumph. Its use in this context reflects the celebratory nature of the event and the spontaneous expression of worship.

sistrums
Sistrums were ancient percussion instruments, similar to rattles, used in religious ceremonies. Although more commonly associated with Egyptian worship, their presence here indicates cultural exchange and the adoption of diverse musical elements in Israelite worship. The sistrum's distinctive sound would have added a unique texture to the music, enhancing the celebratory atmosphere.

and cymbals
Cymbals were loud, clashing instruments used to mark significant moments in worship. Their sound was attention-grabbing, symbolizing the grandeur and majesty of God. Cymbals are mentioned in several Psalms as instruments of praise (Psalm 150:5), and their use here underscores the intensity and exuberance of the celebration. The inclusion of cymbals highlights the importance of worship as a multisensory experience, engaging both the participants and the divine.

• The gathering is national, not private. David does not reserve worship for a select few; “all the house of Israel” joins him, echoing2 Samuel 6:1 and1 Chronicles 13:2 where the king assembles “the whole assembly of Israel.”

• Corporate praise underscores covenant identity (Deuteronomy 7:6;Psalm 149:1). God’s people belong together before Him, and David models leadership that draws everyone in.

• Worship is marked by joy, not mere duty. The companion text,1 Chronicles 13:8, says they “were celebrating with all their might,” stressing wholehearted engagement (cf.Psalm 98:4;Luke 15:23–24).

• Celebration follows divine blessing: the ark, symbol of God’s presence, is returning to the center of national life (2 Samuel 6:2). When God is rightly honored, joy naturally erupts.

• Worship has an audience of One. David’s focus is vertical; public praise is nevertheless God-directed (Psalm 68:24–27;Psalm 100:2).

• “Before the LORD” reminds us God sees and weighs the heart (1 Samuel 16:7); authentic celebration must match inward devotion.

• Variety reflects creativity God Himself gifts (Exodus 31:3-5). Diverse timbres enlarge praise rather than distract from it (Psalm 33:2-3).

• The mention of wood instruments shows ordinary materials consecrated for sacred use, parallelingRomans 12:1: everyday things can be set apart for worship.

• Harps often accompany prophetic and priestly ministry (1 Chronicles 15:16;2 Chronicles 5:12-13). Their soothing tone once calmed Saul (1 Samuel 16:23), illustrating music’s power to usher in God’s peace.

• “Make music to Him on the ten-stringed lyre” (Psalm 92:3). Stringed instruments invite skillful artistry (Psalm 33:3); excellence in worship honors the excellent God.

• Tambourines first appear in Miriam’s song after the Red Sea (Exodus 15:20-21). They signify victory and deliverance (Judges 11:34), fitting as the ark’s return marks a spiritual triumph.

• Though rarely mentioned outside this verse, sistrums—hand-held rattles—add rhythmic excitement, showing God welcomes new sounds when offered sincerely (Psalm 149:3, “praise Him with timbrel and dancing”).

• Cymbals provide climactic punctuation (1 Chronicles 16:5;Psalm 150:5). Their bright clash proclaims God’s majesty, suitable when honoring His throne now represented by the ark.

2 Samuel 6:5 paints a scene of unified, exuberant, and richly textured worship. David leads the entire nation to rejoice “before the LORD,” employing every available instrument to celebrate God’s presence. The verse teaches that true worship is communal, wholehearted, God-focused, and creatively expressed—all offered in joyful reverence to the One who dwells among His people.

On all manner of instruments made of fir wood.--Instead of this strange expression, the parallel passage in1Chronicles 13:8 has "with all their might and with songs." The difference between the two is very slight in the Hebrew, and it is generally thought that the latter is the correct reading. The variation, however, mast have been ancient, since the LXX. combines the two. . . .