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◄ 1 Samuel 20:13►

New International Version
But if my father intends to harm you, may the LORD deal with Jonathan, be it ever so severely, if I do not let you know and send you away in peace. May the LORD be with you as he has been with my father.

New Living Translation
But if he is angry and wants you killed, may the LORD strike me and even kill me if I don’t warn you so you can escape and live. May the LORD be with you as he used to be with my father.

English Standard Version
But should it please my father to do you harm, the LORD do so to Jonathan and more also if I do not disclose it to you and send you away, that you may go in safety. May the LORD be with you, as he has been with my father.

Berean Standard Bible
But if my father intends to bring evil on you, then may the LORD punish me, and ever so severely, if I do not tell you and send you on your way in safety. May the LORD be with you, just as He has been with my father.

King James Bible
The LORD do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it please my fatherto do thee evil, then I will shew it thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the LORD be with thee, as he hath been with my father.

New King James Version
may the LORD do so and much more to Jonathan. But if it pleases my fatherto do you evil, then I will report it to you and send you away, that you may go in safety. And the LORD be with you as He has been with my father.

New American Standard Bible
If it pleases my fatherto do you harm, may the LORD do so to me and more so, if Ifail to inform you and send you away, so that you may go in safety. And may the LORD be with you as He has been with my father.

NASB 1995
“If it please my father to do you harm, may the LORD do so to Jonathan and more also, if I do not make it known to you and send you away, that you may go in safety. And may the LORD be with you as He has been with my father.

NASB 1977
“If it please my fatherto do you harm, may the LORD do so to Jonathan and more also, if I do not make it known to you and send you away, that you may go in safety. And may the LORD be with you as He has been with my father.

Legacy Standard Bible
If it please my fatherto do you harm, may Yahweh do so to Jonathan and more also, if I do not reveal it in your ear and send you away, that you may go in peace. And may Yahweh be with you as He has been with my father.

Amplified Bible
But if it pleases my fatherto do you harm, may the LORD do so to Jonathan, and more if I do not let you know about it and send you away, so that you may go in safety. And may the LORD be with you as He has been with my father.

Christian Standard Bible
If my father intends to bring evil on you, may the LORD punish Jonathan and do so severely if I do not tell you and send you away so you may leave safely. May the LORD be with you, just as he was with my father.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
If my father intends to bring evil on you, may God punish Jonathan and do so severely if I do not tell you and send you away so you may go in peace. May the LORD be with you, just as He was with my father.

American Standard Version
Jehovah do so to Jonathan, and more also, should it please my father to do thee evil, if I disclose it not unto thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and Jehovah be with thee, as he hath been with my father.

Contemporary English Version
But if he wants to harm you, I promise to tell you and help you escape. And I ask the LORD to punish me severely if I don't keep my promise. I pray that the LORD will bless you, just as he used to bless my father.

English Revised Version
The LORD do so to Jonathan, and more also, should it please my father to do thee evil, if I disclose it not unto thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the LORD be with thee, as he hath been with my father.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
If my father plans to harm you and I fail to tell you and send you away safely, may the LORD harm me even more. May the LORD be with you as he used to be with my father.

Good News Translation
If he intends to harm you, may the LORD strike me dead if I don't let you know about it and get you safely away. May the LORD be with you as he was with my father!

International Standard Version
But if my father intends to harm you, may the LORD strike me dead if I don't let you know and send you away so you may go safely. May the LORD be with you as he has been with my father.

NET Bible
But if my father intends to do you harm, may the LORD do all this and more to Jonathan, if I don't let you know and send word to you so you can go safely on your way. May the LORD be with you, as he was with my father.

New Heart English Bible
But should it please my father to do you harm, God do so to Jonathan and more also if I do not let you know and send you away, that you may go in safety. And may the LORD be with you, as he has been with my father.

Webster's Bible Translation
The LORD do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it shall please my father to do thee evil, then I will show it to thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the LORD be with thee, as he hath been with my father.

Majority Text Translations

Majority Standard Bible
But if my father intends to bring evil on you, then may the LORD punish me, and ever so severely, if I do not tell you and send you on your way in safety. May the LORD be with you, just as He has been with my father.

World English Bible
Yahweh do so to Jonathan and more also, should it please my father to do you evil, if I don’t disclose it to you and send you away, that you may go in peace. May Yahweh be with you as he has been with my father.

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
thus YHWH does to Jonathan, and thus He adds; when the evil concerning you is good to my father, then I have uncovered your ear, and sent you away, and you have gone in peace, and YHWH is with you, as he was with my father;

Young's Literal Translation
thus doth Jehovah do to Jonathan, and thus doth He add; when the evil concerning thee is good to my father, then I have uncovered thine ear, and sent thee away, and thou hast gone in peace, and Jehovah is with thee, as he was with my father;

Smith's Literal Translation
Thus shall Jehovah do to Jonathan, and thus shall he add; for it shall be good to my father with evil to thee, and I uncovered thine ear and sent thee away, and thou wentest in peace: and Jehovah will be with thee as he was with my father.

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
May the Lord do so and so to Jonathan and add still more. But if my father shall continue in malice against thee, I will discover it to thy ear, and will send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace, and the Lord be with thee, as he hath been with my father.

Catholic Public Domain Version
may the Lord do these things to Jonathan, and may he add these other things. But if my father will have persevered in malice against you, I will reveal it to your ear, and I will send you away, so that you may go in peace, and so that the Lord may be with you, just as he was with my father.

New American Bible
Should it please my father to bring any harm upon you, may the LORD do thus to Jonathan and more, if I do not inform you of it and send you on your way in peace. May the LORD be with you even as he was with my father.

New Revised Standard Version
But if my father intends to do you harm, the LORD do so to Jonathan, and more also, if I do not disclose it to you, and send you away, so that you may go in safety. May the LORD be with you, as he has been with my father.

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
The LORD do so and much more to Jonathan; but if it please my father to do you harm, then I will disclose it to you, and send you away that you may go in peace; and the LORD be with you as he has been with my father.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Thus LORD JEHOVAH shall do to Jonathan and thus he will add to him, that if I am informed of evil against you from my father, I shall reveal it to you and I shall send you, and you shall go in peace, and LORD JEHOVAH will be with you as he ever was with my father

OT Translations

JPS Tanakh 1917
The LORD do so to Jonathan, and more also, should it please my father to do thee evil, if I disclose it not unto thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace; and the LORD be with thee, as He hath been with my father.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
God do so to Jonathan and more also: as I shallalso report the evil to thee, and make it known to thee, and I will let thee go; and thou shalt depart in peace, and the Lord shall be with thee, as he was with my father.

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

Jonathan and David Renew Their Covenant
…12and Jonathan said, “By the LORD, the God of Israel, I will sound out my father by this time tomorrow or the next day. If he is favorable toward you, will I not send for you and tell you?13But if my father intends to bring evil on you,then may the LORD punish me,and ever so severely,if I do not tell you and send you on your way in safety.May the LORD be with you,just as He has been with my father.14And as long as I live, treat me with the LORD’s loving devotion, that I may not die,…

Berean Standard Bible ·Download

Cross References

1 Samuel 19:3
I will go out and stand beside my father in the field where you are, so I can ask about you. And if I find out anything, I will tell you.”

1 Samuel 18:3
Then Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself.

1 Samuel 23:17
saying, “Do not be afraid, for my father Saul will never lay a hand on you. And you will be king over Israel, and I will be your second-in-command. Even my father Saul knows this is true.”

1 Samuel 24:21-22
So now, swear to me by the LORD that you will not cut off my descendants or wipe out my name from my father’s house.” / So David gave his oath to Saul. Then Saul returned home, but David and his men went up to the stronghold.

1 Samuel 25:30
When the LORD has done for my lord all the good He promised, and when He has appointed you ruler over Israel,

2 Samuel 9:1
Then David asked, “Is there anyone left from the house of Saul to whom I can show kindness for the sake of Jonathan?”

2 Samuel 15:25-26
Then the king said to Zadok, “Return the ark of God to the city. If I find favor in the eyes of the LORD, He will bring me back and let me see both it and His dwelling place again. / But if He should say, ‘I do not delight in you,’ then here I am; let Him do to me whatever seems good to Him.”

2 Samuel 16:12
Perhaps the LORD will see my affliction and repay me with good for the cursing I receive today.”

2 Samuel 20:9
“Are you well, my brother?” Joab asked Amasa. And with his right hand Joab grabbed Amasa by the beard to kiss him.

2 Kings 2:2
and Elijah said to Elisha, “Please stay here, for the LORD has sent me on to Bethel.” But Elisha replied, “As surely as the LORD lives and as you yourself live, I will not leave you.” So they went down to Bethel.

2 Kings 6:31
He announced, “May God punish me, and ever so severely, if the head of Elisha son of Shaphat remains on his shoulders through this day!”

Psalm 89:3-4
You said, “I have made a covenant with My chosen one, I have sworn to David My servant: / ‘I will establish your offspring forever and build up your throne for all generations.’” Selah

Psalm 132:11
The LORD swore an oath to David, a promise He will not revoke: “One of your descendants I will place on your throne.

Jeremiah 33:17
For this is what the LORD says: David will never lack a man to sit on the throne of the house of Israel,

Matthew 5:37
Simply let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No,’ ‘No.’ Anything more comes from the evil one.

Treasury of Scripture

The LORD do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it please my father to do you evil, then I will show it you, and send you away, that you may go in peace: and the LORD be with you, as he has been with my father.

The Lord do

1 Samuel 3:17
And he said, Whatis the thing thatthe LORD hath said unto thee? I pray thee hideit not from me: God do so to thee, and more also, if thou hideany thing from me of all the things that he said unto thee.

1 Samuel 25:22
So and more also do God unto the enemies of David, if I leave of all thatpertain to him by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall.

Ruth 1:17
Where thou diest, will I die, and there will I be buried: the LORD do so to me, and more also,if ought but death part thee and me.

the Lord be

1 Samuel 17:37
David said moreover, The LORD that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said unto David, Go, and the LORD be with thee.

Joshua 1:5
There shall not any man be able to stand before thee all the days of thy life: as I was with Moses,so I will be with thee: I will not fail thee, nor forsake thee.

1 Chronicles 22:11,16
Now, my son, the LORD be with thee; and prosper thou, and build the house of the LORD thy God, as he hath said of thee…

he hath been with my father

1 Samuel 10:7
And let it be, when these signs are come unto thee,that thou do as occasion serve thee; for Godis with thee.

1 Samuel 11:6-13
And the Spirit of God came upon Saul when he heard those tidings, and his anger was kindled greatly…

2 Samuel 7:15
But my mercy shall not depart away from him, as I tookit from Saul, whom I put away before thee.

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1 Samuel 20

1.David consults with Jonathan for his safety
11.Jonathan and David renew their covenant by oath
18.Jonathan's token to David
23.Saul, missing David, seeks to kill Jonathan
35.Jonathan affectionately takes his leave of David

Study Bible

Book ◦ Chapter

But if my father intends to bring evil on you
This phrase highlights the tension between Jonathan and his father, King Saul. Saul's jealousy and fear of David's rising popularity and God's favor have led him to plot against David. Jonathan, aware of his father's intentions, seeks to protect David. This reflects the broader biblical theme of familial conflict and loyalty, as seen in other relationships like Jacob and Esau or Joseph and his brothers. The phrase also underscores the moral dilemma Jonathan faces, torn between his loyalty to his father and his friendship with David.

then may the LORD punish me, and ever so severely
Jonathan invokes a solemn oath, calling upon the LORD to hold him accountable if he fails to warn David. This reflects the seriousness with which oaths were taken in ancient Israelite culture, where invoking God's name in an oath was binding and carried severe consequences if broken. The use of such an oath underscores Jonathan's commitment to truth and justice, aligning with the biblical principle that one's word should be trustworthy and reliable.

if I do not tell you and send you on your way in safety
Jonathan promises to inform David of any danger and ensure his safety. This commitment to protect David highlights the covenantal friendship between Jonathan and David, which is a central theme in their relationship. Their bond is reminiscent of other biblical covenants, such as those between God and Abraham or God and Israel, emphasizing loyalty, protection, and mutual support. Jonathan's actions foreshadow the protective role that Christ plays for believers, ensuring their spiritual safety.

May the LORD be with you, just as He has been with my father
Jonathan's blessing upon David acknowledges God's presence and favor, which had once been with Saul but is now with David. This reflects the biblical theme of divine favor and the transfer of God's blessing from Saul to David, as seen in1 Samuel 16 when David is anointed by Samuel. The phrase also serves as a prophetic acknowledgment of David's future as king, paralleling the way God's presence was with Saul during his early reign. Jonathan's words can be seen as a type of Christ, who embodies God's presence with His people, offering guidance and blessing.

Persons / Places / Events

1.Jonathan
The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. He is known for his loyalty and integrity, especially in his relationship with David.

2.David
The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel, and a man after God's own heart. At this point, he is fleeing from King Saul, who seeks to kill him.

3.Saul
The first king of Israel, who has become increasingly paranoid and hostile towards David, seeing him as a threat to his throne.

4.The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant God of Israel, who is invoked by Jonathan as a witness to his promise and as a source of protection for David.

5.Peace
A central theme in this verse, representing the desired outcome of Jonathan's actions and the state of well-being and safety for David.

Teaching Points

Loyalty and Integrity
Jonathan exemplifies true friendship and loyalty, even when it means going against his own father. Christians are called to be loyal and uphold integrity in their relationships.

Divine Witness
Invoking the LORD as a witness to our promises underscores the seriousness of our commitments. We should be mindful of the promises we make, knowing that God is our witness.

Seeking Peace
Jonathan's desire to send David away in peace highlights the importance of seeking peace in our relationships and circumstances, aligning with the biblical call to be peacemakers.

Trust in God's Presence
Jonathan's blessing, "May the LORD be with you," reminds us of the importance of seeking God's presence and guidance in our lives, just as David did.

Bible Study Questions and Answers

1.What is the meaning of 1 Samuel 20:13?

2.How does 1 Samuel 20:13 demonstrate Jonathan's loyalty to David over Saul?

3.What does Jonathan's promise reveal about his understanding of God's will?

4.How can we apply Jonathan's faithfulness to our relationships today?

5.In what ways does Jonathan's covenant reflect Christ's sacrificial love?

6.How does Jonathan's trust in God challenge us to trust God's plans?

7.What does 1 Samuel 20:13 reveal about God's role in human relationships and promises?

8.How does Jonathan's loyalty to David in 1 Samuel 20:13 challenge our understanding of friendship?

9.What theological implications arise from Jonathan's actions in 1 Samuel 20:13?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from 1 Samuel 20?

11.What does the Bible say about gun confiscation?

12.What does the Bible say about rebellious children?

13.Does the nature of Jonathan’s covenant with David in 1 Samuel 20:16 present any inconsistencies with later depictions of Israelite covenants?

14.Should we escape to the mountains for safety?

What Does 1 Samuel 20:13 Mean

But if my father intends to bring evil on you

• Jonathan recognizes the real possibility that Saul’s heart may once again turn violently against David (1 Samuel 18:10–11; 19:1, 10).

• He places David’s safety above his own royal prospects, revealing covenant loyalty (1 Samuel 20:8, 16–17).

• The phrase underscores Jonathan’s honesty: he is not blinded by family loyalty, but wants truth to govern his actions (Proverbs 27:6;Ephesians 4:25).

then may the LORD punish me, and ever so severely

• Jonathan binds himself with a solemn self-maledictory oath, inviting God’s judgment if he fails (Ruth 1:17;2 Samuel 3:35).

• This underscores the seriousness of covenant promises; divine accountability keeps them from becoming empty words (Numbers 30:2;Matthew 5:33–37).

• The intensity (“ever so severely”) shows Jonathan’s fear of offending a holy God more than displeasing his earthly father (Acts 5:29).

if I do not tell you and send you on your way in safety

• Jonathan’s responsibility is twofold: inform David of Saul’s intent and ensure David’s safe departure (1 Samuel 20:21–22, 35–42).

• His plan reflects wisdom: act quickly, communicate clearly, and protect the innocent (Proverbs 22:3;Matthew 10:23).

• The phrase “in safety” reminds us that preserving life is a godly priority (Psalm 82:4;John 10:11).

May the LORD be with you, just as He has been with my father

• Jonathan pronounces a blessing, acknowledging the Lord’s past faithfulness to Saul (1 Samuel 11:6–13; 14:47–48) and asking it to rest on David’s future.

• He indirectly concedes David’s coming kingship; God’s presence is the key requirement for leadership (Joshua 1:5;1 Samuel 18:14;2 Samuel 7:9).

• By linking David to Saul’s early successes, Jonathan highlights continuity in God’s covenant purposes despite human failure (1 Samuel 13:13–14; 16:1).

summary

Jonathan pledges, under oath, to protect David by exposing any murderous intent Saul may harbor. He takes personal responsibility, invites divine judgment if he fails, and sends David away in peace. Finally, he blesses David with the Lord’s abiding presence, recognizing that the same God who once empowered Saul now stands ready to guide David’s future.

Parallel Commentaries ...

Hebrew

But if
כִּֽי־(kî-)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588:A relative conjunction

my father
אָבִ֤י(’ā·ḇî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1:Father

intends
יֵיטִ֨ב(yê·ṭiḇ)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3190:To be good, well, glad, or pleasing

to
אֶל־(’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413:Near, with, among, to

bring evil
הָֽרָעָה֙(hā·rā·‘āh)
Article | Adjective - feminine singular
Strong's 7451:Bad, evil

on you,
עָלֶ֔יךָ(‘ā·le·ḵā)
Preposition | second person masculine singular
Strong's 5921:Above, over, upon, against

then may the LORD
יְהוָ֨ה(Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068:LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

punish
כֹּֽה־(kōh-)
Adverb
Strong's 3541:Like this, thus, here, now

me,
לִֽיהוֹנָתָ֜ן(lî·hō·w·nā·ṯān)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3083:Jonathan -- 'the LORD has given', the name of a number of Israelites

and ever so
וְכֹ֣ה(wə·ḵōh)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb
Strong's 3541:Like this, thus, here, now

severely,
יֹסִ֗יף(yō·sîp̄)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3254:To add, augment

if I do not tell
וְגָלִ֙יתִי֙(wə·ḡā·lî·ṯî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 1540:To denude, to exile, to reveal

you
אָזְנֶ֔ךָ(’ā·zə·ne·ḵā)
Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 241:Broadness, the ear

and send you on your way
וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֖יךָ(wə·šil·laḥ·tî·ḵā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular | second person masculine singular
Strong's 7971:To send away, for, out

in safety.
לְשָׁל֑וֹם(lə·šā·lō·wm)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7965:Safe, well, happy, friendly, welfare, health, prosperity, peace

May the LORD
יְהוָה֙(Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068:LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

be
וִיהִ֤י(wî·hî)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Jussive - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961:To fall out, come to pass, become, be

with you,
עִמָּ֔ךְ(‘im·māḵ)
Preposition | second person feminine singular
Strong's 5973:With, equally with

just as
כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר(ka·’ă·šer)
Preposition-k | Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834:Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

He has been
הָיָ֖ה(hā·yāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961:To fall out, come to pass, become, be

with
עִם־(‘im-)
Preposition
Strong's 5973:With, equally with

my father.
אָבִֽי׃(’ā·ḇî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1:Father

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OT History: 1 Samuel 20:13 Yahweh do so to Jonathan and more (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa)