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◄ 1 Samuel 14:20►
New International Version
Then Saul and all his men assembled and went to the battle. They found the Philistines in total confusion, striking each other with their swords.

New Living Translation
Then Saul and all his men rushed out to the battle and found the Philistines killing each other. There was terrible confusion everywhere.

English Standard Version
Then Saul and all the people who were with him rallied and went into the battle. And behold, every Philistine’s sword was against his fellow, and there was very great confusion.

Berean Standard Bible
Then Saul and all his troops assembled and marched to the battle, and they found the Philistines in total confusion, with each man wielding the sword against his neighbor.

King James Bible
And Saul and all the people thatwere with him assembled themselves, and they came to the battle: and, behold, every man's sword was against his fellow,and there was a very great discomfiture.

New King James Version
Then Saul and all the people whowere with him assembled, and they went to the battle; and indeed every man’s sword was against his neighbor,and there was very great confusion.

New American Standard Bible
Then Saul and all the people whowere with him rallied and came to the battle; and behold, every man’s sword was against his fellowPhilistine, and there was very great confusion.

NASB 1995
Then Saul and all the people who were with him rallied and came to the battle; and behold, every man’s sword was against his fellow, and there was very great confusion.

NASB 1977
Then Saul and all the people whowere with him rallied and came to the battle; and behold, every man’s sword was against his fellow,and there was very great confusion.

Legacy Standard Bible
Then Saul and all the people whowere with him rallied and came to the battle; and behold, every man’s sword was against his fellow,and there was very great confusion.

Amplified Bible
Then Saul and all the people who were with him rallied and went into the battle; and behold, every [Philistine] man’s sword was against his companion, in wild confusion.

Christian Standard Bible
Saul and all the troops with him assembled and marched to the battle, and there the Philistines were, fighting against each other in great confusion!

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Saul and all the troops with him assembled and marched to the battle, and there, the Philistines were fighting against each other in great confusion!

American Standard Version
And Saul and all the people that were with him were gathered together, and came to the battle: and, behold, every man's sword was against his fellow, and there was a very great discomfiture.

Contemporary English Version
Saul quickly called his army together, then led them to the Philistine camp. By this time the Philistines were so confused that they were killing each other.

English Revised Version
And Saul and all the people that were with him were gathered together, and came to the battle: and, behold, every man's sword was against his fellow, and there was a very great discomfiture.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Saul and all the troops with him assembled and went into battle. They found Philistine soldiers killing their fellow soldiers in wild confusion.

Good News Translation
Then he and his men marched into battle against the Philistines, who were fighting each other in complete confusion.

International Standard Version
Then Saul and all the people who were with him assembled and went into battle. Now the swords of all the Philistines were against each other, and there was very great confusion.

NET Bible
Saul and all the army that was with him assembled and marched into battle, where they found the Philistines in total panic killing one another with their swords.

New Heart English Bible
Saul and all the people who were with him were gathered together, and came to the battle: and look, every man's sword was against his fellow: a very great confusion.

Webster's Bible Translation
And Saul and all the people that were with him assembled themselves, and they came to the battle: and behold, every man's sword was against his fellow, and there was a very great discomfiture.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
Then Saul and all his troops assembled and marched to the battle, and they found the Philistines in total confusion, with each man wielding the sword against his neighbor.

World English Bible
Saul and all the people who were with him were gathered together, and came to the battle; and behold, they were all striking each other with their swords in very great confusion.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Saul is called, and all the people who [are] with him, and they come to the battle, and behold, the sword of each has been against his neighbor—a very great destruction.

Young's Literal Translation
And Saul is called, and all the people who are with him, and they come in unto the battle, and, lo, the sword of each hath been against his neighbour -- a very great destruction.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Saul will be convoked and all the people which were with him, and they will go even to the battle: and behold, the sword of a man will be against his neighbor, a very great confusion.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Then Saul and all the people that were with him, shouted together, and they came to the place of the fight: and behold every man's sword was turned upon his neighbour, and there was a very great slaughter.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Then Saul, and all the people who were with him, cried out together, and they went to the place of the conflict. And behold, each one’s sword had been turned against his neighbor, and there was a very great slaughter.

New American Bible
And Saul and all his men rallied and rushed into the fight, where the Philistines, wholly confused, were thrusting swords at one another.

New Revised Standard Version
Then Saul and all the people who were with him rallied and went into the battle; and every sword was against the other, so that there was very great confusion.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Then Saul and all the people who were with him shouted together, and they came to the battle; and, behold, every man's sword was against his fellow, and there was a very great confusion.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Shaul cried out and all the people that were with him, and they came unto the battle, and behold, the sword of a man was there against his fellow man, a very great confusion
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And Saul and all the people that were with him were gathered together, and came to the battle; and, behold, every man's sword was against his fellow, and there was a very great discomfiture.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Saul went up and all the people that were with him, and they come to the battle: and, behold,every man's sword was against his neighbour, a very great confusion.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Jonathan's Victory over the Philistines
…19While Saul was talking to the priest, the commotion in the Philistine camp continued to increase. So Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.”20Then Sauland allhis troopsassembledand marchedtothe battle,and they found the Philistinesin totalconfusion,with each manwieldingthe swordagainst his neighbor.21And the Hebrews who had previously gone up into the surrounding camps of the Philistines now went over to the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan.…

Cross References
Judges 7:22
And when the three hundred rams’ horns sounded, the LORD set all the men in the camp against one another with their swords. The army fled to Beth-shittah toward Zererah as far as the border of Abel-meholah near Tabbath.

2 Chronicles 20:23
The Ammonites and Moabites rose up against the inhabitants of Mount Seir, devoting them to destruction. And when they had finished off the inhabitants of Seir, they helped to destroy one another.

Exodus 14:24-25
At morning watch, however, the LORD looked down on the army of the Egyptians from the pillar of fire and cloud, and He threw their camp into confusion. / He caused their chariot wheels to wobble, so that they had difficulty driving. “Let us flee from the Israelites,” said the Egyptians, “for the LORD is fighting for them against Egypt!”

2 Kings 6:18
As the Arameans came down against him, Elisha prayed to the LORD, “Please strike these people with blindness.” So He struck them with blindness, according to the word of Elisha.

Isaiah 19:2
“So I will incite Egyptian against Egyptian; brother will fight against brother, neighbor against neighbor, city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.

Judges 7:21
Each Israelite took his position around the camp, and the entire Midianite army fled, crying out as they ran.

2 Chronicles 20:22
The moment they began their shouts and praises, the LORD set ambushes against the men of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir who had come against Judah, and they were defeated.

1 Samuel 17:47
And all those assembled here will know that it is not by sword or spear that the LORD saves; for the battle is the LORD’s, and He will give all of you into our hands.”

2 Kings 7:6-7
For the Lord had caused the Arameans to hear the sound of chariots, horses, and a great army, so that they said to one another, “Look, the king of Israel must have hired the kings of the Hittites and Egyptians to attack us.” / Thus the Arameans had arisen and fled at twilight, abandoning their tents and horses and donkeys. The camp was intact, and they had run for their lives.

Psalm 35:26
May those who gloat in my distress be ashamed and confounded; may those who exalt themselves over me be clothed in shame and reproach.

Psalm 83:9-10
Do to them as You did to Midian, as to Sisera and Jabin at the River Kishon, / who perished at Endor and became like dung on the ground.

Isaiah 37:36
Then the angel of the LORD went out and struck down 185,000 men in the camp of the Assyrians. When the people got up the next morning, there were all the dead bodies!

Matthew 24:7
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in various places.

Mark 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, as well as famines. These are the beginning of birth pains.

Luke 21:9-10
When you hear of wars and rebellions, do not be alarmed. These things must happen first, but the end is not imminent.” / Then He told them, “Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom.


Treasury of Scripture

And Saul and all the people that were with him assembled themselves, and they came to the battle: and, behold, every man's sword was against his fellow, and there was a very great discomfiture.

1 Samuel 14:16
And the watchmen of Saul in Gibeah of Benjamin looked; and, behold, the multitude melted away, and they went on beating downone another.

Judges 7:22
And the three hundred blew the trumpets, and the LORD set every man's sword against his fellow, even throughout all the host: and the host fled to Bethshittah in Zererath,and to the border of Abelmeholah, unto Tabbath.

2 Chronicles 20:23
For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of mount Seir, utterly to slay and destroythem: and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, every one helped to destroy another.

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1 Samuel 14
1.Jonathan goes and miraculously smites the Philistine's garrison
15.A divine terror makes them beat themselves
17.Saul, not staying the priest's answer, sets on them
21.The captivated Hebrews, and the hidden Israelites, join against them.
24.Saul's unadvised adjuration hinders the victory
31.He restrains the people from eating blood
35.He builds an altar
37.Jonathan, taken by lot, is save by the people
47.Saul's victories, strength, and family














Then Saul and all his troops assembled and marched to the battle
This phrase highlights Saul's role as the leader of Israel's army. Saul, the first king of Israel, was chosen to lead the Israelites against their enemies, including the Philistines, who were a constant threat. The assembling of troops indicates a call to arms, a common practice in ancient warfare where the king would rally his forces for battle. This moment follows Jonathan's bold attack on the Philistine outpost, which had already caused panic among the Philistines. The gathering of troops also reflects the unity and readiness of Israel to confront their adversaries, a theme seen throughout the Old Testament where God often calls His people to stand together against their enemies.

and they found the Philistines in total confusion
The confusion among the Philistines can be seen as a divine intervention, a recurring theme in the Bible where God causes chaos among the enemies of Israel to ensure victory for His people. This confusion is reminiscent of other biblical battles, such as Gideon's victory over the Midianites inJudges 7, where God caused panic among the enemy forces. The Philistines' confusion could also be attributed to the unexpected attack by Jonathan and his armor-bearer, which disrupted their ranks and morale. This moment underscores the power of God to influence the outcome of battles, often turning the tide in favor of Israel despite overwhelming odds.

with each man wielding the sword against his neighbor
This phrase describes the self-destructive chaos that ensued among the Philistines. Such internal conflict is a common motif in biblical narratives, where God uses the enemies' own strength against them. The imagery of soldiers turning on each other highlights the complete breakdown of order and discipline within the Philistine camp. This phenomenon is not only a testament to the psychological impact of fear and confusion but also serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty over the affairs of nations. The self-destruction of the Philistines parallels other instances in Scripture where God causes the enemies of Israel to fight among themselves, such as in2 Chronicles 20:23 during Jehoshaphat's reign. This event foreshadows the ultimate victory of God's people over their adversaries, a theme that finds its fulfillment in the New Testament with the triumph of Christ over sin and death.

Persons / Places / Events
1.Saul
The first king of Israel, anointed by the prophet Samuel. At this point in the account, Saul is leading Israel against the Philistines.

2.Philistines
A significant enemy of Israel during this period, known for their military prowess and frequent conflicts with the Israelites.

3.Israelite Troops
The army of Israel, led by King Saul, who were initially hesitant but rallied to fight against the Philistines.

4.Battlefield
The location where the Israelites and Philistines clashed, marked by divine intervention leading to confusion among the Philistines.

5.Divine Intervention
The confusion among the Philistines is seen as an act of God, causing them to turn on each other, which is a recurring theme in Israel's battles.
Teaching Points
God's Sovereignty in Battle
God is in control of all situations, including battles. His intervention can turn the tide in favor of His people, as seen in the confusion among the Philistines.

Faith in Action
Saul and his troops' decision to march into battle despite initial fear demonstrates the importance of taking action in faith, trusting in God's deliverance.

The Power of Unity
The Israelites' assembly and unified march into battle highlight the strength found in unity, especially when facing formidable challenges.

Divine Confusion as a Weapon
God can use unconventional means, such as confusion, to achieve victory. This reminds believers that God's ways are higher than our ways.

Encouragement in Spiritual Warfare
Just as God intervened for Israel, He is present in our spiritual battles, providing strength and causing confusion among spiritual adversaries.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of 1 Samuel 14:20?

2.How does 1 Samuel 14:20 demonstrate God's power in chaotic situations?

3.What can we learn about unity from the Israelites' response in this verse?

4.How does this verse connect to God's deliverance in Exodus 14:14?

5.How can we apply the Israelites' response to spiritual battles today?

6.What role does faith play in the Israelites' actions in 1 Samuel 14:20?

7.How does 1 Samuel 14:20 illustrate God's intervention in human conflicts?

8.What historical evidence supports the battle described in 1 Samuel 14:20?

9.How does 1 Samuel 14:20 reflect the theme of divine chaos among enemies?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from 1 Samuel 14?

11.Who was Jonathan in the Bible?

12.How could an alliance of hostile armies suddenly turn on each other and destroy themselves without any plausible explanation (2 Chronicles 20:22–23)?

13.How do we reconcile David's apparent deception before King Achish (1 Samuel 27:10-12) with biblical moral standards?

14.What natural or historical evidence supports the sudden 'panic' that supposedly afflicted the Philistine army (1 Samuel 14:15)?
What Does 1 Samuel 14:20 Mean
Saul and his troops assemble

• “Then Saul and all his troops assembled” (1 Samuel 14:20)

• After Jonathan’s bold strike (v. 13–14) and the panic God sent (v. 15), Saul finally gathers the whole army.

• The king’s delayed response contrasts with Jonathan’s earlier faith-driven initiative, yet God still includes Saul and the troops in His deliverance (cf.Judges 7:1–3, where Gideon’s hesitant army is still used).

• Unity becomes visible: the scattered forces are now one body, ready to follow God’s unfolding victory (cf.1 Samuel 11:7).

Marching into battle

• “and marched to the battle”

• They move from passive watching to active obedience—an important step for anyone who wants to witness God’s power (cf.James 2:17).

• The march itself is an act of trust; Saul cannot yet see how the fight will unfold, but he advances because the Lord is already at work (cf.Exodus 14:15).

Philistine confusion discovered

• “and they found the Philistines in total confusion”

• Israel arrives to see chaos that only God could produce. Earlier, “terror from God spread through the camp” (1 Samuel 14:15).

• God frequently employs confusion to defeat enemies:

– Egyptians at the Red Sea (Exodus 14:24–25)

– Midianites in Gideon’s day (Judges 7:22)

– Ammonites and Moabites in Jehoshaphat’s time (2 Chronicles 20:22–23)

• The scene underscores that victory comes from the Lord, not human strength (1 Samuel 17:47).

Enemies turned on each other

• “with each man wielding the sword against his neighbor”

• God uses the Philistines’ own weapons to accomplish His purpose, echoing His pattern of turning evil upon itself (Esther 7:10).

• The internal slaughter removes Israel’s need for a prolonged fight (cf.Psalm 44:3).

• It also demonstrates divine justice: the wicked destroy themselves while the faithful watch God’s deliverance (Proverbs 11:6).

summary

1 Samuel 14:20 shows God orchestrating deliverance through unexpected means. Saul’s assembled troops march into a battle already decided by the Lord, finding the enemy in self-inflicted turmoil. The verse highlights God’s sovereignty, the effectiveness of obedient action, and His power to turn foes against themselves, assuring believers that victory belongs to the Lord when His people step forward in faith.

(20)Assembled themselves.--In the margin of the English Version we find "were cried together," that is, "were assembled by the trumpet call." The Syriac and Vulg., however, more accurately render the Hebrewshouted,that is, raised the war-cry of Israel.

Every man's sword was against his fellow.--The statement in the next verse (21) explains this. Profiting by the wild confusion which reigned now throughout the Philistine host, a portion of their own auxiliaries--unwilling allies, doubtless--turned their arms against their employers or masters. From this moment no one in the panic-stricken army could rightly distinguish friend from foe. In such a scene of confusion the charge of Saul, at the head of his small but well-trained soldierly band, must have done terrible execution. Shouting the well-known war-cry of Benjamin, it penetrated wedge-like into the heart of the broken Philistine host.

Verse 20. -Saul and all the people... assembled themselves. Margin,were cried together, i.e. summoned by trumpet note. The Syriac and Vulgate, however, make the verb active, and translate, "And Saul and all the people with him shouted and advanced to the battle."Discomfiture. Rather, "dismay," "consternation," as in1 Samuel 5:9.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Then Saul
שָׁא֗וּל(šā·’ūl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7586:Saul -- first king of Israel, also an Edomite and two Israelites

and all
וְכָל־(wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605:The whole, all, any, every

his troops
הָעָם֙(hā·‘ām)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5971:A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

assembled
וַיִּזָּעֵ֣ק(way·yiz·zā·‘êq)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2199:To shriek, to announce, convene publicly

and marched
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ(way·yā·ḇō·’ū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 935:To come in, come, go in, go

to
עַד־(‘aḏ-)
Preposition
Strong's 5704:As far as, even to, up to, until, while

the battle,
הַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה(ham·mil·ḥā·māh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 4421:A battle, war

and they found [the Philistines]
וְהִנֵּ֨ה(wə·hin·nêh)
Conjunctive waw | Interjection
Strong's 2009:Lo! behold!

in very
מְאֹֽד׃(mə·’ōḏ)
Adverb
Strong's 3966:Vehemence, vehemently, wholly, speedily

great
גְּדוֹלָ֥ה(gə·ḏō·w·lāh)
Adjective - feminine singular
Strong's 1419:Great, older, insolent

confusion,
מְהוּמָ֖ה(mə·hū·māh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 4103:Tumult, confusion, disquietude, discomfiture

with each man
אִישׁ֙(’îš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376:A man as an individual, a male person

wielding
הָיְתָ֜ה(hā·yə·ṯāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 1961:To fall out, come to pass, become, be

the sword
חֶ֤רֶב(ḥe·reḇ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 2719:Drought, a cutting instrument, as a, knife, sword

against his neighbor.
בְּרֵעֵ֔הוּ(bə·rê·‘ê·hū)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7453:Friend, companion, fellow


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OT History: 1 Samuel 14:20 Saul and all the people who were (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa)
1 Samuel 14:19
1 Samuel 14:21
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