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◄ 1 Chronicles 11:2►
New International Version
In the past, even while Saul was king, you were the one who led Israel on their military campaigns. And the LORD your God said to you, ‘You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will become their ruler.’”

New Living Translation
In the past, even when Saul was king, you were the one who really led the forces of Israel. And the LORD your God told you, ‘You will be the shepherd of my people Israel. You will be the leader of my people Israel.’”

English Standard Version
In times past, even when Saul was king, it was you who led out and brought in Israel. And the LORD your God said to you, ‘You shall be shepherd of my people Israel, and you shall be prince over my people Israel.’”

Berean Standard Bible
Even in times past, while Saul was king, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And the LORD your God said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’”

King James Bible
And moreover in time past, even when Saul was king, thouwast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the LORD thy God said unto thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be ruler over my people Israel.

New King James Version
Also, in time past, even when Saul was king, youwere the one who led Israel out and brought them in; and the LORD your God said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and be ruler over My people Israel.’ ”

New American Standard Bible
In times past, even when Saul was king, youwere the one who led out and brought in Israel; and the LORD your God said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and you shall be leader over My people Israel.’”

NASB 1995
“In times past, even when Saul was king, you were the one who led out and brought in Israel; and the LORD your God said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and you shall be prince over My people Israel.’”

NASB 1977
“In times past, even when Saul was king, youwere the one who led out and brought in Israel; and the LORD your God said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and you shall be prince over My people Israel.’”

Legacy Standard Bible
Previously, even when Saul was king, youwere the one who led out and brought in Israel; and Yahweh your God said to you, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be a ruler over My people Israel.’”

Amplified Bible
In times past, even when Saul was king, it was you who led out and brought in Israel; and the LORD your God said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and you shall be princeand leader over My people Israel.’”

Christian Standard Bible
Even previously when Saul was king, you were leading Israel out to battle and bringing us back. The LORD your God also said to you, ‘You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will be ruler over my people Israel.’ ”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Even when Saul was king, you led us out to battle and brought us back. The LORD your God also said to you, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel and be ruler over My people Israel.’”

American Standard Version
In times past, even when Saul was king, it was thou that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and Jehovah thy God said unto thee, Thou shalt be shepherd of my people Israel, and thou shalt be prince over my people Israel.

Contemporary English Version
and we know that you have led our army into battle, even when Saul was still our king. The LORD God has promised that you would rule our country and take care of us like a shepherd.

English Revised Version
In times past, even when Saul was king, it was thou that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the LORD thy God said unto thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be prince over my people Israel.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
"Even in the past when Saul ruled, you were the one who led Israel on its campaigns to war. The LORD your God has said to you, 'You will be shepherd of my people Israel, the leader of my people Israel.'"

Good News Translation
In the past, even when Saul was still our king, you led the people of Israel in battle, and the LORD your God promised you that you would lead his people and be their ruler."

International Standard Version
Even back when Saul was ruling as king, you kept on leading the army of Israel out to battle and bringing them in again. The LORD your God told you, 'You yourself will shepherd my people Israel and will be Commander-in-Chief over my people Israel.'"

NET Bible
In the past, even when Saul was king, you were Israel's commanding general. The LORD your God said to you, 'You will shepherd my people Israel; you will rule over my people Israel.'"

New Heart English Bible
In times past, even when Saul was king, it was you who led out and brought in Israel. The LORD your God said to you, 'You shall be shepherd of my people Israel, and you shall rule over my people Israel.'"

Webster's Bible Translation
And moreover in time past, even when Saul was king, thou wast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the LORD thy God said to thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be ruler over my people Israel.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
Even in times past, while Saul was king, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And the LORD your God said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’”

World English Bible
In times past, even when Saul was king, it was you who led out and brought in Israel. Yahweh your God said to you, ‘You shall be shepherd of my people Israel, and you shall be prince over my people Israel.’”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
even in time past, even in Saul’s being king, it is you who are taking out and bringing in Israel, and your God YHWH says to you: You feed My people Israel, and you are leader over My people Israel.”

Young's Literal Translation
even in time past, even in Saul's being king, it is thou who art taking out and bringing in Israel, and Jehovah thy God saith to thee: Thou dost feed My people Israel, and thou art leader over My people Israel.'

Smith's Literal Translation
Also yesterday also the third day, also in Saul being king thou wert bringing forth and bringing in Israel: and Jehovah thy God will say to thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be leader over my people Israel.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Yesterday also, and the day before when Saul was king, thou wast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: for the Lord thy God said to thee: Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt; be ruler over them.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Also, yesterday and the day before, when Saul still reigned, you were the one who led out and brought in Israel. For the Lord your God said to you: ‘You shall pasture my people Israel, and you shall be the leader over them.’ ”

New American Bible
In days past, when Saul was still the king, it was you who led Israel in all its battles. And now the LORD, your God, has said to you: You shall shepherd my people Israel; you shall be ruler over my people Israel.”

New Revised Standard Version
For some time now, even while Saul was king, it was you who commanded the army of Israel. The LORD your God said to you: It is you who shall be shepherd of my people Israel, you who shall be ruler over my people Israel.”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And moreover in times past, even when Saul was king over us, it was you that led out and brought in Israel; and the LORD your God said to you. You shall feed my people Israel, and you shall be ruler over all the tribes of Israel.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Also yesterday and the day before yesterday when Shaul was King over us, you had been going out and coming in at the head of Israel, and LORD JEHOVAH said to you, ‘You go shepherd my people Israel, and you will be Leader over all the tribes of Israel.’”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
In times past, even when Saul was king, it was thou that didst lead out and bring in Israel; and the LORD thy God said unto thee: Thou shalt feed My people Israel, and thou shalt be prince over My people Israel.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And heretofore when Saul was king, thou wast he that led Israel in and out, and the Lord of Israel said to thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be for a ruler over Israel.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
David Anointed King over Israel
1Then all Israel came together to David at Hebron and said, “Here we are, your own flesh and blood.2Evenin times past,while Saulwasking,you werethe one who ledIsrael outand brought them back.And the LORDyour Godsaid,‘Youwill shepherdMy peopleIsrael,and youwill beruleroverthem.’”3So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, where David made a covenant with them before the LORD. And they anointed him king over Israel, according to the word of the LORD through Samuel.…

Cross References
2 Samuel 5:2
Even in times past, while Saul was king over us, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And to you the LORD said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’”

Psalm 78:70-72
He chose David His servant and took him from the sheepfolds; / from tending the ewes He brought him to be shepherd of His people Jacob, of Israel His inheritance. / So David shepherded them with integrity of heart and guided them with skillful hands.

2 Samuel 7:8
Now then, you are to tell My servant David that this is what the LORD of Hosts says: I took you from the pasture, from following the flock, to be the ruler over My people Israel.

1 Samuel 16:1
Now the LORD said to Samuel, “How long are you going to mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him as king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go. I am sending you to Jesse of Bethlehem, for I have selected from his sons a king for Myself.”

1 Samuel 18:13
Therefore Saul sent David away and gave him command of a thousand men. David led the troops out to battle and back,

1 Samuel 25:30
When the LORD has done for my lord all the good He promised, and when He has appointed you ruler over Israel,

2 Samuel 3:18
Now take action, because the LORD has said to David, ‘Through My servant David I will save My people Israel from the hands of the Philistines and of all their enemies.’”

1 Kings 8:16
‘Since the day I brought My people Israel out of Egypt, I have not chosen a city from any tribe of Israel in which to build a house so that My Name would be there. But I have chosen David to be over My people Israel.’

1 Kings 14:7-8
Go, tell Jeroboam that this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘I raised you up from among the people and appointed you ruler over My people Israel. / I tore the kingdom away from the house of David and gave it to you. But you have not been like My servant David, who kept My commandments and followed Me with all his heart, doing only what was right in My eyes.

Ezekiel 34:23
I will appoint over them one shepherd, My servant David, and he will feed them. He will feed them and be their shepherd.

Ezekiel 37:24
My servant David will be king over them, and there will be one shepherd for all of them. They will follow My ordinances and keep and observe My statutes.

Matthew 2:6
‘But you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, are by no means least among the rulers of Judah, for out of you will come a ruler who will be the shepherd of My people Israel.’”

John 10:11
I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down His life for the sheep.

John 10:14
I am the good shepherd. I know My sheep and My sheep know Me,

Acts 13:22
After removing Saul, He raised up David as their king and testified about him: ‘I have found David son of Jesse a man after My own heart; he will carry out My will in its entirety.’


Treasury of Scripture

And moreover in time past, even when Saul was king, you were he that led out and brought in Israel: and the LORD your God said to you, You shall feed my people Israel, and you shall be ruler over my people Israel.

Numbers 27:17
Which may go out before them, and which may go in before them, and which may lead them out, and which may bring them in; that the congregation of the LORD be not as sheep which have no shepherd.

1 Samuel 18:13
Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people.

Isaiah 55:4
Behold, I have given himfor a witness to the people, a leader and commander to the people.

Thou shalt

1 Samuel 16:1,13
And the LORD said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thine horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Bethlehemite: for I have provided me a king among his sons…

2 Samuel 7:7
In allthe places wherein I have walked with all the children of Israel spake I a word with any of the tribes of Israel, whom I commanded to feed my people Israel, saying, Why build ye not me an house of cedar?

Psalm 78:71
From following the ewes great with young he brought him to feed Jacob his people, and Israel his inheritance.

feed.

2 Samuel 5:2
Also in time past, when Saul was king over us, thou wast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the LORD said to thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be a captain over Israel.

1 Kings 3:9
Give therefore thy servant an understanding heart to judge thy people, that I may discern between good and bad: for who is able to judge this thy so great a people?

1 Kings 14:7
Go, tell Jeroboam, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Forasmuch as I exalted thee from among the people, and made thee prince over my people Israel,

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1 Chronicles 11
1.David Becomes King over All Israel
4.Jerusalem
10.David's Mighty Men














Even in times past, while Saul was king
This phrase highlights the period when Saul was the reigning monarch of Israel. During Saul's reign, David was already recognized as a capable leader. The historical context here is crucial, as it was a time of transition from the tribal confederation of Israel to a centralized monarchy. David's leadership abilities were evident even before he became king, as he led military campaigns and gained the people's trust. This period is documented in 1 Samuel, where David's rise to prominence is detailed, including his victory over Goliath and his military successes.

you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back
This phrase refers to David's role as a military leader and his ability to lead the people in battle and return them safely. It echoes the language used for Moses and Joshua, who led the Israelites during the Exodus and the conquest of Canaan. David's leadership was not just in military terms but also in providing spiritual and moral guidance. This leadership prefigures Christ, who leads His people spiritually, guiding them in and out of life's battles.

And the LORD your God said
This phrase emphasizes divine authority and the prophetic word concerning David's kingship. It underscores that David's role as king was not merely a result of human decision but was ordained by God. This divine endorsement is crucial in understanding the legitimacy of David's rule and is a recurring theme in the narrative of the Davidic covenant, as seen in2 Samuel 7.

‘You will shepherd My people Israel
The metaphor of a shepherd is significant, as it conveys the idea of care, guidance, and protection. In the ancient Near East, kings were often referred to as shepherds of their people. This imagery is also prophetic, pointing to Jesus Christ, who is described as the Good Shepherd inJohn 10:11. David's role as a shepherd-king foreshadows Christ's pastoral care for His followers.

and you will be ruler over them.’”
This phrase confirms David's future role as king, a position of authority and governance. It reflects the fulfillment of God's promise to David and establishes the Davidic line, which is central to biblical prophecy concerning the Messiah. The Davidic covenant, as outlined in2 Samuel 7, promises that David's descendants will rule Israel, ultimately culminating in the eternal reign of Jesus Christ, as affirmed in the New Testament in passages likeLuke 1:32-33.

Persons / Places / Events
1.David
The central figure in this verse, David is recognized as the leader and future king of Israel. His leadership was evident even during Saul's reign.

2.Saul
The first king of Israel, whose reign was marked by disobedience to God, leading to David's anointing as his successor.

3.Israel
The nation of God's chosen people, whom David was to shepherd and rule over.

4.The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant God of Israel, who chose David to be the shepherd and ruler of His people.

5.Shepherding
A metaphor for leadership, indicating care, guidance, and protection, which David was to provide for Israel.
Teaching Points
God's Sovereign Choice
God chooses leaders according to His purposes, often looking beyond human qualifications to the heart (1 Samuel 16:7).

Leadership through Service
True leadership in God's kingdom involves serving and shepherding others, as exemplified by David and ultimately by Jesus.

Faithfulness in Small Things
David's faithfulness in leading Israel even before becoming king demonstrates the importance of being faithful in smaller responsibilities.

God's Promises Fulfilled
God's promise to David to be the shepherd and ruler of Israel is a reminder of His faithfulness to fulfill His word.

Preparation for Leadership
David's experiences under Saul prepared him for his future role, illustrating how God uses our past to equip us for His purposes.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1.What is the meaning of 1 Chronicles 11:2?

2.How does 1 Chronicles 11:2 highlight David's role as a shepherd leader?

3.What qualities made David "shepherd" and "ruler" over Israel according to this verse?

4.How does 1 Chronicles 11:2 connect with God's covenant promises to David?

5.In what ways can we emulate David's leadership qualities in our communities?

6.How does recognizing God's chosen leaders impact our obedience and faithfulness today?

7.How does 1 Chronicles 11:2 affirm David's divine appointment as king over Israel?

8.What historical evidence supports David's leadership as described in 1 Chronicles 11:2?

9.Why is David's role as shepherd significant in 1 Chronicles 11:2?

10.What are the top 10 Lessons from 1 Chronicles 11?

11.Who were Rehoboam and Jeroboam in biblical history?

12.What are the key themes in 1 Chronicles?

13.Who was Uriah the Hittite in the Bible?

14.In 2 Chronicles 2:11-12, why does Tyrian King Hiram express devotion to Israel's God when no independent Tyrian records verify such reverence?
What Does 1 Chronicles 11:2 Mean
Even in times past

• The tribal elders remind David that their relationship with him started long before any formal coronation.

• He had fought Goliath (1 Samuel 17:45-50) and served as Saul’s armor-bearer and musician (1 Samuel 16:21-23), so the nation already knew his heart and courage.

• By recalling “times past,” they affirm continuity: David’s rise is not sudden ambition but the unfolding of God’s long-standing plan (Psalm 78:70-71).

while Saul was king

• David’s service happened “while Saul was king,” showing that God’s purposes move forward even under flawed leadership (1 Samuel 18:5;1 Chronicles 10:13-14).

• Though Saul occupied the throne, David was the one consistently trusted on the battlefield (1 Samuel 18:30); this contrast prepared Israel to transfer allegiance when God removed Saul.

you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back

• A military idiom for successful campaigns: David marched the army “out” to battle and “back” to safety and victory (2 Samuel 5:2;1 Samuel 29:11).

• His leadership protected families and land, proving his shepherd-like care long before he wore a crown.

• The people’s memories of these repeated rescues give weight to their acceptance of him now.

And the LORD your God said

• The shift from human testimony to divine decree grounds David’s authority in God, not politics (1 Samuel 16:1, 12-13;Psalm 89:20).

• “The LORD your God” is personal: the God David trusts is the One who speaks this promise, underscoring covenant faithfulness.

You will shepherd My people Israel

• God frames David’s kingship as shepherding, not domination—echoing David’s own youth among the sheep (2 Samuel 7:8).

• Shepherd imagery stresses protection, provision, and guidance (Psalm 23:1;Ezekiel 34:23), prefiguring the ultimate Good Shepherd (John 10:11).

• The flock is “My people,” reminding the king that Israel belongs to God; David serves under the Chief Shepherd.

and you will be ruler over them

• Shepherding blends into ruling: leadership with authority. God unites compassion and command in one office (Psalm 78:71-72).

• This promise establishes the Davidic dynasty (2 Samuel 7:12-16), pointing ahead to the eternal reign of Messiah (Luke 1:32-33).

• By crowning David, the elders align themselves with God’s revealed will, ensuring national stability under covenant leadership.

summary

1 Chronicles 11:2 records Israel’s elders affirming two complementary truths: David already proved himself by leading God’s people in battle, and God Himself had declared David would shepherd and rule. Their words confirm that David’s kingship rests on both demonstrated faithfulness and divine appointment, securing a leadership that blends tender care with rightful authority and foreshadowing the perfect reign of Christ.

(2)In time past.--Yesterday, orthree days since. A very indefinite phrase, used inGenesis 31:2 of a time fourteen years since, and2Kings 13:5 of more than forty years ago.

Leddest out.--To battle.

Broughtest in.--Of the homeward march. David had thus already discharged kingly functions. (Comp.1Samuel 8:20;1Samuel 18:6;1Samuel 18:13;1Samuel 18:27;2Samuel 3:18.) . . .

Verse 2. -Thou shalt feed my people Israel (so2 Samuel 5:2;2 Samuel 7:7;Psalm 78:71). Thus to the servant is condescendingly vouchsafed the same description as the Master takes through the Spirit for himself - to the under-shepherd the same as the Chief Shepherd acknowledges; note same psalm, ver. 72;Psalm 23:1-4;Psalm 100:3;1 Peter 5:4.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Even
גַּם־(gam-)
Conjunction
Strong's 1571:Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and

in times past,
שִׁלְשׁ֗וֹם(šil·šō·wm)
Adverb
Strong's 8032:Three days ago, day before, yesterday

while Saul
שָׁא֣וּל(šā·’ūl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7586:Saul -- first king of Israel, also an Edomite and two Israelites

was
בִּהְי֣וֹת(bih·yō·wṯ)
Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 1961:To fall out, come to pass, become, be

king,
מֶ֔לֶךְ(me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4428:A king

you [were]
אַתָּ֛ה(’at·tāh)
Pronoun - second person masculine singular
Strong's 859:Thou and thee, ye and you

the one who led
הַמּוֹצִ֥יא(ham·mō·w·ṣî)
Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 3318:To go, bring, out, direct and proxim

Israel out
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל(yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478:Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

and brought them back.
וְהַמֵּבִ֖יא(wə·ham·mê·ḇî)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 935:To come in, come, go in, go

And to you
לְךָ֗(lə·ḵā)
Preposition | second person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew

the LORD
יְהוָ֨ה(Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068:LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

your God
אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ(’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā)
Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 430:gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

said,
וַיֹּאמֶר֩(way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559:To utter, say

‘You
אַתָּ֨ה(’at·tāh)
Pronoun - second person masculine singular
Strong's 859:Thou and thee, ye and you

will shepherd
תִרְעֶ֤ה(ṯir·‘eh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 7462:To tend a, flock, pasture it, in, to graze, to rule, to associate with

My people
עַמִּי֙(‘am·mî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 5971:A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

Israel,
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל(yiś·rā·’êl)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478:Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

and you
וְאַתָּה֙(wə·’at·tāh)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - second person masculine singular
Strong's 859:Thou and thee, ye and you

will be
תִּהְיֶ֣ה(tih·yeh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 1961:To fall out, come to pass, become, be

ruler
נָגִ֔יד(nā·ḡîḏ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5057:A commander, civil, military, religious, honorable themes

over
עַ֖ל(‘al)
Preposition
Strong's 5921:Above, over, upon, against

[them].’”
עַמִּ֥י(‘am·mî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 5971:A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 11:2 In times past even when Saul was (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
1 Chronicles 11:1
1 Chronicles 11:3
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