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Ranked-choice voting ballot measures

From Ballotpedia

Voters have decided onranked-choice voting ballot measures across the U.S. As a state ballot measure topic, this includes measures regarding ranked-choice voting (RCV), such as adopting, repealing, or prohibiting RCV. The system is also known as instant-runoff voting. RCV is an electoral system in which voters rank candidates on their ballots. The topic is grouped within theelection policy area.

This page provides information on:

Related ballot measures
Upcoming ballot measures
History of ranked-choice voting (RCV) ballot measures
Comprehensive list of ballot measures by year and state

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Upcoming ballot measures

See also:2026 ballot measures and2027 ballot measures

The following is a list of state ballot measures related to this topic that are certified or potential for this year and future elections:

2026

Alaska Repeal Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2026) - On the ballot

History of ranked-choice voting (RCV) ballot measures

See also:History of ranked-choice voting (RCV) ballot measures

As of 2025, voters in eight states had decided on 12 state ballot measures related to ranked-choice voting.

Ten (83.3%) were to adopt RCV, and two (16.7%) were to repeal or preempt RCV.
The average vote on a ballot measure to adopt RCV was 45.7% to 54.3%.
Alaska had three ballot measures about RCV, the most relative to other states.
The ballot measure with the narrowest margin wasAlaska Ballot Measure 2 in 2024, which received 49.9% of the vote. Ballot Measure 2 would have repealed the state's top-four RCV system, adopted two years earlier.
The ballot measure with the widest margin wasIdaho Proposition 1, which was defeated, with 69.6% voting against the initiative. Proposition 1 would have enacted a top-four RCV system in Idaho.

The following table provides a list of state ranked-choice voting (RCV) ballot measures:

List of RCV ballot measures
State	Year	Type	Measure	Position	Yes	No	Outcome
Alaska	2024	Initiative	Ballot Measure 2: Repeal Top-Four RCV Initiative	Anti-RCV	49.88%	50.12%	d
Colorado	2024	Initiative	Proposition 131: Top-Four RCV Initiative	Pro-RCV	46.47%	53.53%	d
Idaho	2024	Initiative	Proposition 1: Top-Four RCV Initiative	Pro-RCV	30.38%	69.62%	d
Missouri	2024	Referral	Amendment 7: Require Citizenship to Vote and Prohibit RCV Amendment	Anti-RCV	68.44%	31.56%	a
Nevada	2024	Initiative	Question 3: Top-Five RCV Initiative	Pro-RCV	47.04%	52.96%	d
Oregon	2024	Referral	Measure 117: RCV for Federal and State Elections Measure	Pro-RCV	42.30%	57.70%	d
Nevada	2022	Initiative	Question 3: Top-Five RCV Initiative	Pro-RCV	52.94%	47.06%	a
Alaska	2020	Initiative	Ballot Measure 2: Top-Four RCV and Campaign Finance Laws Initiative	Pro-RCV	50.55%	49.45%	a
Massachusetts	2020	Initiative	Question 2: RCV Initiative	Pro-RCV	45.22%	54.78%	d
Maine	2018	Initiative	Question 1: Overturn RCV Delayed Enactment and Automatic Repeal Legislation Referendum	Pro-RCV	53.88%	46.12%	a
Maine	2016	Initiative	Question 5: RCV Initiative	Pro-RCV	52.12%	47.88%	a
Alaska	2002	Initiative	Ballot Measure 1: RCV Initiative	Pro-RCV	36.27%	63.73%	d