This article does not receive scheduled updates. If you would like to help our coverage grow, considerdonating to Ballotpedia.Contact our team to suggest an update.

onEnergy

Fiscal policy Budgets Budget and finances by state Tax policy by state State Budget Terms State government tax collections by source Total state expenditures State spending by function as a percent of total expenditures State debt Finance Financial regulation in the United States Dodd-Frank Act Federal Reserve Pensions Pension policy by state Public pension health by state Pension reform in San Jose and San Diego Pension Terms and Definitions Public pensions Civil liberties Affirmative action Campaign finance Nonprofit regulation Education Public education by state School choice by state Charter schools by state Higher education by state Education policy in the United States Public education in the United States Education statistics Education statistics in the United States Education spending per pupil Number of schools by school type in the U.S. Demographic information for all students in the United States Public school system expenditures in the United States Public school system revenues in the United States Public school teacher salaries in the United States Graduation rates by groups in state Public high school dropout rates by state ACT and SAT scores in the United States NAEP scores by state Major terms Blended learning Charter schools Common Core Dropout rate Progressive education Regulatory Adjusted Cohort Graduation Rate School vouchers Teacher merit pay United States education agencies Elections Voting policy Voter identification laws by state Online voter registration Early voting Ballot access Ballot access for presidential candidates Ballot access for major and minor party candidates List of political parties in the United States Political party designation Redistricting State-by-state redistricting procedures Majority-minority districts Energy andEnvironment Energy Policy by state Fracking Portal Fracking information by state Fracking Fracking in the United States Energy policy in the United States Energy use in the United States Oil and gas on federal lands by state Energy terms and definitions Agencies and legislation Environmental Policy by state Endangered Species Policy Endangered species policy by state Environmental policy in the United States Environmental statistics Endangered species statistics Glossary of environmental terms Glossary of endangered species terms Healthcare Healthcare policy by state Medicaid spending by state Effect of the Affordable Care Act by state Healthcare policy in the United States Affordable Care Act Immigration Immigration in the United States Immigration by state

Fracking in the U.S.
Energy policy in the U.S.
State fracking policy
State energy policy
Glossary of energy terms

Apetroleum system includes all geological processes and elements needed to generate, accumulate, and storepetroleum,natural gas, and otherhydrocarbons. These elements include a source rock (which contains organic matter that can generate oil or natural gas), a pathway for hydrocarbons to move from their source to a reservoir (a subsurface layer of rock that can store and transfer liquids and/or gases), a trap (a rock formation that seals liquids and/or gases inside it), and a seal (an impermeable rock that bars liquids and/or gases from leaving a reservoir).^[1][2][3]

Background

Petroleum systems are naturally occurring formations containingpetroleum,natural gas, and otherhydrocarbons (organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen that can take the form of a solid, liquid, or gas). These systems are mapped using the principles of petroleum geology and geochemistry to locate areas with undiscovered deposits of petroleum and natural gas. The main components of a petroleum system are a source rock, a migration pathway, a reservoir, a trap, and a seal.^[4][5]

• Asource rock contains organic matter that will produce oil or natural gas if heated to a certain level. These rocks can includeshale and limestone. The percentage of organic materials in a source rock can range from 1 percent to 10 percent. For this organic matter to generate oil and gas, it must be preserved without deterioration.^[6]
• Amigration pathway allows hydrocarbons to move from a source rock to a reservoir. In general, hydrocarbons have relative buoyancy (upward force acting on an object in fluid) that allows them to move from structurally low areas to high areas. A pathway can range up to hundreds of kilometers in largersedimentary rocks.^[7]
• Areservoir is a subsurface rock layer that is able to store and transfer hydrocarbons. The most common reservoirs aresedimentary rocks.^[8]
• Atrap is an arrangement of rocks that seal hydrocarbons within a relatively impenetrable rock formation. Traps prevent hydrocarbons from migrating to other rock layers.^[9]
• Aseal is a relatively impenetrable rock, such as shale or limestone, that surrounds a reservoir and prevents any liquids or gases from leaving the reservoir.^[10]

See also

• 

  Oil

• 

  Natural gas

• 

  Coal

• 

  Glossary of energy terms

Footnotes

v • e Energy Policy Background Energy policy in the United States •Fracking in the United States •Energy use in the United States •Electricity prices in the United States •Historic state electricity prices •Historic state natural gas prices •State energy production rankings •Environmental Policy •State environmental policy pages •Environmental policy in the United States •Energy and Environmental News Terms Abandoned mine drainage •Biofuels •Biomass •BTEX •Clean Air Act •Clean Water Act •Coal •Coalbed methane •Compressed natural gas •Crude oil •Directional drilling •Directional well •Electrical grid •Energy siting •Ethanol •Flare •Flowback •Frac sand •Frack fluid •Fracking •Geosteering •Geothermal energy •Horizontal drilling •Hydrocarbons •Hydroelectric energy •Liquid Petroleum Gases •Megawatt •Megawatt hour •Methane •Mineral rights •Natural gas •Natural gas liquids •Natural gas storage •Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials •Nuclear power •Oil shale •Petrochemicals •Petroleum •Petroleum systems •Produced water •Proppants •Public Trust Doctrine •Renewable energy resources •Renewable Portfolio Standards •Seismicity •Shale gas •Shale play •Slick water frac •Slurry •Solar energy •Traditional energy resources •Vertical drilling •Volatile organic compounds •Wellbore •Wind energy State energy information Alabama •Alaska •Arizona •Arkansas •California •Colorado •Connecticut •Delaware •Florida •Georgia •Hawaii •Idaho •Illinois •Indiana •Iowa •Kansas •Kentucky •Louisiana •Maine •Maryland •Massachusetts •Michigan •Minnesota •Mississippi •Missouri •Montana •Nebraska •Nevada •New Hampshire •New Jersey •New Mexico •New York •North Carolina •North Dakota •Ohio •Oklahoma •Oregon •Pennsylvania •Rhode Island •South Carolina •South Dakota •Tennessee •Texas •Utah •Vermont •Virginia •Washington •West Virginia •Wisconsin •Wyoming State fracking policy Alabama •Alaska •Arizona •Arkansas •California •Colorado •Connecticut •Delaware •Florida •Georgia •Hawaii •Idaho •Illinois •Indiana •Iowa •Kansas •Kentucky •Louisiana •Maine •Maryland •Massachusetts •Michigan •Minnesota •Mississippi •Missouri •Montana •Nebraska •Nevada •New Hampshire •New Jersey •New Mexico •New York •North Carolina •North Dakota •Ohio •Oklahoma •Oregon •Pennsylvania •Rhode Island •South Carolina •South Dakota •Tennessee •Texas •Utah •Vermont •Virginia •Washington •West Virginia •Wisconsin •Wyoming