Michigan House of Representatives
| Michigan House of Representatives | |
 | |
| General Information | |
| Party control: | Republican |
| Session start: | January 14, 2026 |
| Session end: | December 31, 2026 |
| Term length: | 2 years |
| Term limits: | 12 combined years in the Legislature |
| Redistricting: | Commission |
| Salary: | $71,685/year + expenses |
| Members | |
| Total: | 110 |
| Democrats: | 52 |
| Republicans: | 58 |
| Other: | 0 |
| Vacancies: | 0 |
| Leadership | |
| Speaker: | Matt Hall (Michigan) (R) |
| Maj. Leader: | Bryan Posthumus (R) |
| Min. Leader: | Ranjeev Puri (D) |
| Elections | |
| Last election: | November 5, 2024 |
| Next election: | November 3, 2026 |
TheMichigan House of Representatives is thelower chamber of theMichigan State Legislature. Alongside theMichigan State Senate, it forms the legislative branch of the Michigan state government and works alongside thegovernor of Michigan to create laws and establish a state budget. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the Michigan House of Representatives include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.
The Michigan House of Representatives meets in the state capitol building inLansing, Michigan.
This page contains the following information on the Michigan House of Representatives.
- Which partycontrols the chamber
- The chamber'scurrent membership
- Partisan control of the chamberover time
- Elections in the chamber and how vacancies are filled
- Adistrict map
- Howredistricting works in the state
- Legislation currently under consideration
- Legislative session dates
- Legislative procedures, such as veto overrides and the state budget process
- A list ofcommittees
Party control
Current partisan control
The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the Michigan House of Representatives as of February 2026:
| As of February 2026 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Party | Members | |
| Democratic | 52 | |
| Republican | 58 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 110 | |
Members
Leadership
The speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the body and is elected by its membership. The speaker appoints the speaker pro tempore and all committees. Other duties of the speaker include preserving order and decorum and deciding points of order.[1][2]
Leadership and members
- House speaker:Matt Hall (Michigan) (R)
- Majority floor leader:Bryan Posthumus (R)
- Minority leader:Ranjeev Puri (D)
Salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2025[3] | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $71,685/year | No per diem is paid. |
Swearing in dates
Michigan legislators assume office at noon on the first day of January.[4]
Membership qualifications
Section 7 of Article 4 of theMichigan Constitution states, "Each senator and representative must be a citizen of the United States, at least 21 years of age, and an elector of the district he represents. The removal of his domicile from the district shall be deemed a vacation of the office. No person who has been convicted of subversion or who has within the preceding 20 years been convicted of a felony involving a breach of public trust shall be eligible for either house of the legislature."[5]
Historical party control
Republicans won a 58-52 majority in the Michigan House of Representatives in2024, regaining control of the chamber after Democrats won control in2022.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Michigan House following every general election from 1992 to 2024. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin'sParty Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Michigan House of Representatives election results: 1992-2024
| Year | '92* | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 | '24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 55 | 54 | 58 | 52 | 51 | 47 | 52 | 58 | 67 | 47 | 51 | 47 | 47 | 52 | 52 | 56 | 52 |
| Republicans | 55 | 56 | 52 | 58 | 59 | 63 | 58 | 52 | 43 | 63 | 59 | 63 | 63 | 58 | 58 | 54 | 58 |
*Chamber controlled by power-sharing agreement
Trifecta history
Astate government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between 1992 and 2023, Michigan was under the following types of trifecta control:
- Democratic trifecta: 2023
- Republican trifecta: 1995-1996, 1999-2002, 2011-2018
- Divided government: 1992-1994, 1997-1998, 2003-2010, 2019-2022
Michigan Party Control: 1992-2026
Two years of Democratic trifectas • Fourteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
Elections
Elections by year
Michigan state representatives servetwo-year terms, with all seats up for election every two years. Michigan holds elections for its legislature in even years.
2026
Elections for theMichigan House of Representatives will take place in 2026. The general election is onNovember 3, 2026. The primary isAugust 4, 2026. The filing deadline isApril 21, 2026.
2024
Elections for theMichigan House of Representatives took place in 2024. The general election was onNovember 5, 2024. The primary wasAugust 6, 2024. The filing deadline wasApril 23, 2024. Heading into the 2024 election, there were 56 Democrats and 54 Republicans in the chamber.
In the November 2024 election, Republicans gained control of the Michigan House of Representatives by a margin of 58-52.
| Michigan House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 5, 2024 | After November 6, 2024 | |
| Democratic Party | 56 | 52 | |
| Republican Party | 54 | 58 | |
| Total | 110 | 110 | |
2022
Elections for theMichigan House of Representatives took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for August 2, 2022. The filing deadline was April 19, 2022. Heading into the 2022 election, there were 58 Republicans and 52 Democrats in the chamber.
In the November 2022 election, Democrats gained control of the Michigan House of Representatives by a margin of 56-54.
| Michigan House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 8, 2022 | After November 9, 2022 | |
| Democratic Party | 53 | 56 | |
| Republican Party | 56 | 54 | |
| Vacancy | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 110 | 110 | |
2020
Elections for the office ofMichigan House of Representatives took place in 2020. Heading into the 2020 election, there were 58 Republicans, 51 Democrats, and one vacancy in the chamber. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for August 4, 2020. The filing deadline was April 21, 2020.
In the November 2020 election, Republicans maintained control of the Michigan House of Representatives by a margin of 58-52.
| Michigan House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 3, 2020 | After November 4, 2020 | |
| Democratic Party | 51 | 52 | |
| Republican Party | 58 | 58 | |
| Vacancy | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 110 | 110 | |
2018
Elections for theMichigan House of Representatives took place in 2018. Theopen primary election took place on August 7, 2018, and the general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline wasApril 24, 2018.[6]
In the 2018 elections, the Republican majority in the Michigan House of Representatives was reduced from 63-46 to 58-52.
| Michigan House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 6, 2018 | After November 7, 2018 | |
| Democratic Party | 46 | 52 | |
| Republican Party | 63 | 58 | |
| Vacancy | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 110 | 110 | |
2016
Elections for theMichigan House of Representatives took place in 2016. The primary election was held on August 2, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was April 19, 2016. All110 seats in theMichigan House of Representatives were up for election in 2016.
Heading into the election, Republicans held a 62-45 majority with three vacancies. Republicans gained one seat in the election, giving them a 63-47 majority.
| Michigan House of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
| Democratic Party | 45 | 47 | |
| Republican Party | 62 | 63 | |
| Vacancy | 3 | 0 | |
| Total | 110 | 110 | |
| Click [show] to see election information dating back to 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2014Elections for theMichigan House of Representatives took place in 2014. A primary election was held on August 5, 2014, and a general election was held onNovember 4, 2014. Thesignature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was April 22, 2014. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 59-50 majority with one independent member. Republicans gained four seats in the election, giving them a 63-47 majority.
2012Elections for the office of Michigan House of Representatives took place in 2012. The primary election was held on August 7, 2012, and the general election was held onNovember 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was May 12, 2012. All110 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 63-47 majority. Republicans lost four seats in the election, giving them a 59-51 majority.
The table below details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election in 2012.
2010Elections for the office of Michigan House of Representatives took place in 2010. The primary election was held on August 3, 2010, and the general election was held onNovember 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was May 11, 2010. Heading into the election, Democrats held a 65-42 majority with three vacancies. Democrats lost 18 seats in the election, giving Republicans a 63-47 majority.
In 2010, candidates running for state house raised a total of $17,146,452 in campaign contributions. The top 10 donors were:[7]
2008Elections for the office of Michigan House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on August 5, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. During the 2008 election, the total of contributions to House candidates was $15,640,045. The top 10 contributors were:[8]
2006Elections for the office of Michigan House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on August 8, 2006, and a general election on November 7, 2006. During the 2006 election, the total of contributions to House candidates was $16,212,812. The top 10 contributors were:[9]
2004Elections for the office of Michigan House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on August 3, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004. During the 2004 election, the total of contributions to House candidates was $16,209,181. The top 10 contributors were:[10]
2002Elections for the office of Michigan House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on August 6, 2002, and a general election on November 5, 2002. During the 2002 election, the total of contributions to House candidates was $12,625,867. The top 10 contributors were:[11]
2000Elections for the office of Michigan House of Representatives consisted of a primary election on August 8, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. During the 2000 election, the total of contributions to House candidates was $9,383,446. The top 10 contributors were:[12]
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Term limits
- See also:State legislatures with term limits
TheMichigan legislature is one of16 state legislatures with term limits. The legislature has been term-limited since Michigan voters approved theMichigan Term Limits Act in 1992. The first year that theterm limits enacted in 1992 impacted the ability of incumbents to run for office was 2002.
In 2022, Michigan voters modified the term limits for Michigan state legislative members. Voters passedMichigan Proposal 1 in November 2022 which changed the term limits for state legislators from three two-year terms in the state House and two four-year terms in the state Senate to 12 combined years in the Legislature.
Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in theMichigan State Legislature, thegovernor must call for a special election to fill the vacancy or direct that the vacancy be filled at the next general election.[13][14]
If the vacancy happens after the statewide primary election, the party organizations in the district select the party's nominee. The nominee must be voted on no later than 21 days after the vacancy occurred and at least 10 days before the general election.[15]
See sources:Michigan Const. Art. 5, § 13
District map
- See also:Michigan state legislative districts
The state of Michigan has 148 legislative districts. Each district elects one representative. The state Senate has 38 districts and the state House has 110 districts.
Use the interactive map below to find your district.
Redistricting
- See also:Redistricting in Michigan
In Michigan, a non-politician commission is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district plans. The commission comprises 13 members, including four Democrats, four Republicans, and five unaffiliated voters or members of minor parties. In order for a map to be enacted, at least seven members must vote for it, including at least two Democrats, two Republicans, and two members not affiliated with either major party.[16]
The Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission preparedthis document specifically explaining the redistricting process after the 2020 census.
2020-2024
On July 26, 2024, a three-judge panel of theU.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan approved state Senate district boundaries submitted by the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission (MICRC) on June 27, 2024, and authorized Michigan's secretary of state to implement the plan for the2026 elections:[17]
| “ | On December 21, 2023, we unanimously held that the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution when it drew the boundaries of thirteen state-legislative districts—seven House districts, and six Senate—predominantly on the basis of race. We therefore enjoined the Michigan Secretary of State, Jocelyn Benson, from holding further elections in those districts as they were drawn. ... The Commission has now submitted a revised Senate map, which Plaintiffs agree 'eliminates the predominate use of race that characterized' the previous plan. ... We have reviewed the record before us and agree that the new Senate map complies with this court’s December 21, 2023, opinion and order. ... Federal law provides us no basis to reject the Commission’s remedial Senate plan. The Secretary of State may proceed to implement the Commission’s remedial Senate plan for the next election cycle.[18] | ” |
The MICRC voted on June 26 to approve the state Senate map calledCrane A1.[19]
On March 27, 2024, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan approved new state House district boundaries drawn by the MICRC for use in the2024 elections. According to the court order:[20]
| “ | On December 21, 2023, we unanimously held that the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution when it drew the boundaries of thirteen state-legislative districts—seven House districts, and six Senate—predominantly on the basis of race. We therefore enjoined the Michigan Secretary of State, Jocelyn Benson, from holding further elections in those districts as they are currently drawn. ... The Commission has now submitted a revised House plan, to which the plaintiffs have submitted several objections. We have reviewed the record before us and now overrule those objections.[18] | ” |
The MICRC voted 10-3 on February 28, 2024, to adopt the new state House map known as “Motown Sound FC E1."
The U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michiganstruck down the state House and Senate maps on December 21, 2023.[21]
State Senate map
State House map
Reactions to 2024 state legislative maps (Senate)
After the court approved the Crane A1 map, independent MICRC commissioner Anthony Eid said:[22]
| “ | There’s certainly been a lot of ups and downs throughout this process. ... There have been things that as a commission we’ve gotten right and things we’ve gotten wrong. We’re currently in the middle of putting together a report that will go over a few of those things in great detail. But I think right now we’re just happy and relieved that we made it this far.[18] | ” |
Following the MICRC's selection of the new map, Republican commissioner Cynthia Orton said:[23]
| “ | I felt strongly that Crane A1 did answer the requirements that we needed to follow and what the court had ordered. ... I’m glad everyone was able to vote their conscience, vote what they felt was best.[18] | ” |
Democratic MICRC vice chair Brittni Kellom said:[24]
| “ | I don’t think that Crane A1 is the best representation for what Detroit citizens and beyond have expressed.[18] | ” |
Reactions to 2024 state legislative maps (House)
The Executive Director of the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission, Edward Woods III, said the following in a news conference:[25]
| “ | Democracy won ... Despite doubts and concerns raised, the commission demonstrated once again that it could focus on its purpose to draw fair maps with citizen input. ... We appreciate the public input that overwhelmingly favored the Motown Sound FC E1 in making our job easier. We now have a clear road map to follow in completing the remedial State Senate plan.[18] | ” |
Independent Commissioner Rebecca Szetela, who did not vote for the map, said:[25]
| “ | I wish we could have agreed to make those changes to (districts) 16, 17, and 18 because I would have considered voting for it if those changes had been made.[18] | ” |
Former state House member Sherry Gay-Dagnogo was one of the plaintiffs in theDonald Agee, Jr. v. Secretary of StateJocelyn Benson case that led to the new House map. In a statement to theMichigan Advance, she reacted to the new map:[25]
| “ | While our expert Sean Trende demonstrated that the Motown Sound Map does not provide the greatest number of Black majority seats with the highest Black voting age population, we embrace the words of the late Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., that ‘the Arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice,’ and as such we are grateful that the Agee v. Benson lawsuit yielded a greater opportunity for Detroit voters to elect a candidate of their choice in seven house districts. Our focus now turns towards educating the community on the House Map changes, and drawing a new Senate map.[18] | ” |
District map after 2020 redistricting
This map took effect for Michigan’s 2022 legislative elections.
An interactive version of the adopted state House of Representatives map ishere.
2010
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Michigan's population fell from 9.94 million to 9.88 million between 2000 and 2010, resulting in Michigan's U.S. Congressional delegation decreasing in size from 15 to 14 seats.[26][27] A substantial population shift occurred from Detroit proper into the suburban areas.[28]
A Republican-proposed redistricting plan passed with bipartisan support after the House made some changes to the Senate plan.GovernorRick Snyder (R) signed the plan,Senate Bill 498, into law on August 9, 2011.
A coalition of advocacy groups sued, alleging that the House plan was discriminatory. The plaintiffs said that up to 35 percent of all minority House members statewide could lose their seats as a result of the plan, and that specific voting blocs were split, diluting their influence. A three-judge panel dismissed the suit.[29][30]
Sessions
Legislation
The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the Michigan House of Representatives has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the Senate to the House and legislation that has already been approved by the House and signed by the governor after its passage in the Senate. The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content. Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated byBillTrack50.
Dates of legislative sessions in Michigan by year
2025
In 2025, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 8, 2025, and adjourn on December 31, 2025.
| Click [show] for past years' session dates. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024In 2024, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 10, 2024, and adjourn on December 23, 2024. 2023In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 11, 2023, and adjourn on November 14, 2023. 2022In 2022, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 12, 2022, and adjourn on December 28, 2022. 2021In 2021, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 13, 2021, and adjourn on December 31, 2021. 2020In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 8, 2020, and adjourn on December 31, 2020. Effect of coronavirus pandemic
Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. No modifications to state legislative activity in Michigan were made.
2019In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 9, 2019, through December 31, 2019. 2018In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 10, 2018, through December 31, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, clickhere. 2017In 2017, the legislature was in session from January 11, 2017, through December 31, 2017.
2016In 2016, the legislature was in session from January 13 through December 31. 2015In 2015, the legislature was in session from January 14 through December 17. Major issues in 2015Major issues in the 2015 legislative session included energy policy and a possible repeal of the state's prevailing wage law.[36][37] 2014In 2014, the legislature was in session from January 8 through December 31. Major issues in 2014Major issues in the 2014 legislative session included allocation of an estimated $971 million surplus over three years, which some Republicans said should go towards a tax reduction.[38][39] 2013In 2013, the legislature was in session from January 9 to December 31. Major issues in 2013Major issues included the regulatory structure of Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan, increased transportation funding, education, and pension changes.[40] 2012In 2012, the legislature was in session from January 11 to December 27. 2011In 2011, the legislature was in session from January 12 through December 28. Session highlightsTax reformIn the 2011 session, Michigan was a key battleground on corporate taxes.GovernorRick Snyder (R) had said during his campaign he would eliminate the "Michigan Business Tax." Governor Snyder replaced the tax with a flat 6 percent corporate income tax.[41] 2010In 2010, the legislature convened itssession on January 13th, and it remained in session throughout the year. |
About legislative sessions in Michigan
TheTenth Amendment of theU.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.[42] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions,legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.
Article IV of the Michigan Constitution establishes when theMichigan Legislature, of which the House of Representatives is a part, is to be in session. Section 13 of Article IV states that the Legislature is to convene on the second Wednesday in January of each year. Section 13 gives the Legislature the power to determine its date of adjournment through concurrent resolution.[43]
Legislative roles and procedures
Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includesveto overrides,the role of the legislature in the state budget,term limits,procedures for filling membership vacancies, andredistricting.
Veto overrides
- See also:Veto overrides in state legislatures
State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in Michigan are listed below.
How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members in both chambers.
| Two-thirds of members in both chambers must vote to override a veto, which is 74 of the 110 members in theMichigan House of Representatives and 26 of the 38 members in theMichigan State Senate. Michigan is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto. |
Authority:Article IV, Section 33 of theMichigan Constitution.
| "Every bill passed by the legislature shall be presented to the governor before it becomes law, and the governor shall have 14 days measured in hours and minutes from the time of presentation in which to consider it. If he approves, he shall within that time sign and file it with the secretary of state and it shall become law. If he does not approve, and the legislature has within that time finally adjourned the session at which the bill was passed, it shall not become law. If he disapproves, and the legislature continues the session at which the bill was passed, he shall return it within such 14-day period with his objections, to the house in which it originated. That house shall enter such objections in full in its journal and reconsider the bill. If two-thirds of the members elected to and serving in that house pass the bill notwithstanding the objections of the governor, it shall be sent with the objections to the other house for reconsideration. The bill shall become law if passed by two-thirds of the members elected to and serving in that house." |
Role in state budget
- See also:Michigan state budget and finances
Michiganon |
The state operates on an annual budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[44]
- Budget instructions are sent to state agencies inAugust of the year preceding the start of the new fiscal year.
- State agencies submit their requests to thegovernor inOctober.
- The governor submits his or her proposed budget to thestate legislature inFebruary. Newly elected governors are allowed an additional 30 to 60 days after the legislature convenes.
- The legislature typically adopts a budget inJune. The fiscal year beginsOctober 1.
Michigan is one of 44 states in which the governor hasline item veto authority.[44][45]
The governor is constitutionally required to submit a balanced budget proposal. Likewise, the state legislature is required to pass a balanced budget.[44]
Committees
Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.
- Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
- Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
- Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.
Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The Michigan House of Representatives has 19 standing committees:
- Communications and Technology Committee
- Economic Competitiveness Committee
- Education Committee
- Elections and Ethics Committee
- Energy Committee
- Families, Children, and Seniors Committee
- Financial Services Committee
- Health Policy Committee
- House Agriculture Committee
- House Appropriations Committee
- House Government Operations Committee
- House Oversight Committee
- House Regulatory Reform Committee
- Insurance Committee
- Judiciary Committee
- Natural Resources and Outdoor Recreation Committee
- Rules and Competitiveness Committee
- Select Committee on Protecting Michigan Employees and Small Businesses
- Transportation Committee
Constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process forreferring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states,initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are alsomany other types of statewide measures.
The methods in which the Michigan Constitution can be amended:
TheMichigan Constitution can be amended in three different ways—a citizen-initiated process, a legislative process, and a state constitutional convention.
Initiative
- See also:Initiated constitutional amendment
Aninitiated constitutional amendment is acitizen-initiated ballot measure that amends astate's constitution. Eighteen (18) states allow citizens to initiate constitutional amendments.
In Michigan, thenumber of signatures required for an initiated constitutional amendment is equal to 10% of the votes cast in the last gubernatorial election. A simple majority vote is required for voter approval.
Legislature
A two-thirds vote is required during one legislative session for theMichigan State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 74 votes in theMichigan House of Representatives and 26 votes in theMichigan State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
According toSection 3 of Article XII of theMichigan Constitution, a question about whether to hold a state constitutional convention is toautomatically appear on the state's ballot every 16 years starting in 1978. Michigan is one of 14 states that provides for an automatic constitutional convention question.
The table below shows the last and next constitutional convention question election years:
| State | Interval | Last question on the ballot | Next question on the ballot |
|---|---|---|---|
| Michigan | 16 years | 2010 | 2026 |
See also
| Elections | Michigan State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  |  |
External links
Footnotes
- ↑Michigan Legislature, "Standing Rules of the Michigan House of Representatives," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑Michigan House of Representatives, "House Leadership," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑National Conference of State Legislatures, "2025 Legislator Compensation," December 2, 2025
- ↑Michigan Constitution, "Article XI, Section 2," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑Michigan Constitution, "Article IV, Section 7," accessed May 21, 2024
- ↑Michigan.gov, "2018 Michigan election dates," accessed November 9, 2017
- ↑Follow the Money, "Michigan 2010 - Candidates," accessed September 4, 2014
- ↑Follow the Money, "Michigan 2008 - Candidates," accessed August 23, 2013
- ↑Follow the Money, "Michigan 2006 - Candidates," accessed August 23, 2013
- ↑Follow the Money, "Michigan 2004 - Candidates," accessed August 23, 2013
- ↑Follow the Money, "Michigan 2002 - Candidates," accessed August 23, 2013
- ↑Follow the Money, "Michigan 2000 - Candidates," accessed August 23, 2013
- ↑Michigan Legislature, "Statute 168.178, Michigan Compiled Laws," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑Michigan Legislature, "Constitution of Michigan of 1963, Article 5, Section 13," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑Michigan Legislature, "Statute 168.634 (1)-(2), Michigan Compiled Laws," accessed May 22, 2014
- ↑Michigan Radio, "Redistricting proposal passes in Michigan," November 6, 2018
- ↑Michigan Advance, "Federal court grants final approval to new Michigan Senate districts," July 26, 2024
- ↑18.018.118.218.318.418.518.618.7Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑Michigan Advance, "Redistricting commission selects a proposed Senate map on 6th round of voting," June 27, 2024
- ↑PacerMonitor, "Opinion and order," March 27, 2024
- ↑Michigan Public, "Federal court finds Detroit-area legislative districts unconstitutional, orders them redrawn," December 21, 2023
- ↑Michigan Advance, "Federal court grants final approval to new Michigan Senate districts ," July 26, 2024
- ↑Michigan Advance, "Redistricting commission selects a proposed Senate map on 6th round of voting," June 27, 2024
- ↑Michigan Public, "Redistricting commission chooses final state Senate plan for court approval," June 26, 2024
- ↑25.025.125.2Michigan Advance, "Court approves new Michigan House district map," March 28, 2024
- ↑U.S. Census Bureau, "2010 Census: Michigan Profile," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑The Hill, "Longtime Dem Reps. Levin and Dingell could face redistricting danger", December 22, 2010
- ↑Rose Institute of State and Local Government, "Michigan," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑Huffington Post, "Michigan Redistricting Spurs Joint Lawsuit Alleging Discrimination," Michigan 8, 2011
- ↑NPR, "Judges dismiss challenge to Michigan House redistricting," March 23, 2012
- ↑Michigan Radio, "Lawmakers return to Lansing Friday for special session," accessed April 25, 2020
- ↑Detroit Free Press, "Michigan Senate approves more tax breaks for businesses," March 29, 2017
- ↑Michigan.gov, "Gov. Rick Snyder's statement regarding passage of Good Jobs legislation," July 12, 2017
- ↑Fox2Detroit, "Snyder signs bill to give tax breaks for Michigan jobs," July 26, 2017
- ↑MLive.com, "'Good Jobs' bills for new business tax incentives heads to governor," July 12, 2017
- ↑MLive, "Q&A with Senate Majority Leader Arlan Meekhof: Energy policy, prevailing wage repeal on agenda," January 20, 2015
- ↑MLive, "Michigan Republicans making new push for prevailing wage repeal in state Legislature," January 15, 2015
- ↑Crain's Detroit Business, "Mich. has nearly $1B more than expected for budget," January 10, 2014
- ↑Detroit Free Press, "Michigan GOP puts tax break atop 2014 agenda, Bolger says," January 9, 2014
- ↑South Bend Tribune, "Michigan Legislature starts tamer two-year session today," January 9, 2013
- ↑MLive, "Gov. Rick Snyder signs Michigan business/income tax overhaul into law," May 25, 2011
- ↑Find Law, "Tenth Amendment - U.S. Constitution," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑Michigan Legislature, "Constitution of the State of Michigan," accessed February 12, 2021
- ↑44.044.144.2National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023
- ↑National Conference of State Legislatures, "Separation of Powers: Executive Veto Powers," accessed January 26, 2024
