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Justin Amash

Libertarian Party

Prior offices:

U.S. House Michigan District 3

Years in office: 2011 - 2021

Successor:Peter Meijer (R)

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Michigan House of Representatives

Years in office: 2008 - 2010

Compensation

Net worth

(2012) $1,545,013

Elections and appointments

Last election

August 6, 2024

Education

High school

Grand Rapids Christian High School

Bachelor's

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

Law

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

Personal

Religion

Orthodox Christian

Profession

Attorney

Contact

Campaign website

Campaign Facebook

Campaign X

Campaign Instagram

Personal Facebook

Personal Instagram

Personal LinkedIn

Justin Amash (Libertarian Party) was a member of theU.S. House, representingMichigan's 3rd Congressional District. He assumed office on January 3, 2011. He left office on January 3, 2021.

Amash (Republican Party) ran for election to theU.S. Senate to represent Michigan. He lost in the Republican primary onAugust 6, 2024.

Amash was a member of the U.S. House, representing Michigan's 3rd Congressional District. He assumed office on January 5, 2011.

Amash ran for re-election to the U.S. House to represent Michigan's 3rd Congressional District. He withdrew before the general election on November 3, 2020.

He also launched a presidential exploratory committee in April 2020.^[1] After participating in Libertarian debates and forums, Amash said he would not run for president on May 16, 2020.^[2]

Amash representedMichigan's 3rd Congressional District as a Republican from 2011 to 2019. He published an op-ed in theWashington Post on July 4, 2019, in which he said he was leaving the Republican Party to become an independent.^[3]

On April 28, 2020, Amash announced that he had joined theLibertarian Party and was running for the party's nomination for U.S. President instead of running for re-election to the U.S. House.^[4] On May 16, 2020, Amash wrote on Twitter, "After much reflection, I’ve concluded that circumstances don’t lend themselves to my success as a candidate for president this year, and therefore I will not be a candidate."^[5]

Amash was the chair of the House Liberty Caucus. He said that he based his votes on "Limited government, economic freedom, and individual liberty."^[6]

Prior to his service in the U.S. House, Amash served one term in theMichigan House of Representatives from 2008 to 2010.

Biography

Amash was born in 1980 in Grand Rapids,Michigan. He attended Grand Rapids Christian High School, graduating as the valedictorian of his class. Amash went on to earn his B.A. and J.D. at the University ofMichigan in 2002 and 2005, respectively. Prior to his political career, Amash worked as an attorney.^[7]

Career

Below is an abbreviated outline of Amash's academic, professional, and political career:^[7]

• 2011-Present: U.S. Representative fromMichigan's 3rd Congressional District
• 2008-2010:Michigan House of Representatives

Committee assignments

U.S. House

2019-2020

At the beginning of the116th Congress, Amash was assigned to theOversight and Government Reform Committee. He was first assigned to the committee in 2011 and resigned from the committee on July 8, 2019.^[8] Following his resignation from the Oversight and Government Reform Committee, Amash had no committee assignments in the U.S. House.^[9]

2017-2018

At the beginning of the115th Congress, Amash was assigned to the following committees:^[10]

• Committee on Oversight and Government Reform

2015-2016

Amash served on the following committees:^[11]

• Oversight and Government Reform Committee
  • Subcommittee on Transportation and Public Assets

2013-2014

Amash served on the following committees:^[12]

• Oversight and Government Reform Committee
  • Subcommittee on Government Operations
  • Subcommittee on National Security, Homeland Defense and Foreign Operations

Joint Economic Committee

2011-2012

Amash served on the following House committees:^[13]

• Joint Economic Committee
• Budget Committee
• Oversight and Government Reform Committee
  • Subcommittee on Federal Workforce, U.S. Postal Service, and Labor PolicyVice Chair
  • Subcommittee Government Organization, Efficiency, and Financial Management
  • Subcommittee on TARP, Financial Services, and Bailouts of Public and Private Programs

In March 2012, Amash was one of two Republicans who voted againstPaul Ryan's budget plan in theHouse Budget Committee. Amash andTim Huelskamp both said they felt the plan did not cut the budget fast enough. In December 2012 it was revealed that both representatives would not serve on the House Budget Committee in the113th Congress.^[14][15]

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

The116th United States Congress began on January 9, 2019, and ended on January 3, 2021. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in theU.S. House of Representatives (235-200), and Republicans held the majority in theU.S. Senate (53-47).Donald Trump (R) was the president andMike Pence (R) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below usingCongress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021
Vote	Bill and description	Status
Yea	Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020   The Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020 (H.R. 1044) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives seeking to increase the cap on employment-based visas, establish certain rules governing such visas, and impose some additional requirements on employers hiring holders of such visas. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill as amended.[16]	Passed (365-65)
Nay	The Heroes Act   The HEROES Act (H.R. 6800) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to address the COVID-19 outbreak by providing $1,200 payments to individuals, extending and expanding the moratorium on some evictions and foreclosures, outlining requirements and establishing finding for contact tracing and COVID-19 testing, providing emergency supplemental appropriations to federal agencies for fiscal year 2020, and eliminating cost-sharing for COVID-19 treatments. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[17]	Passed (208-199)
Nay	For the People Act of 2019   The For the People Act of 2019 (H.R.1) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to protect election security, revise rules on campaign funding, introduce new provisions related to ethics, establish independent, nonpartisan redistricting commissions, and establish new rules on the release of tax returns for presidential and vice presidential candidates. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[18]	Passed (234-193)
Nay	CARES Act   The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (H.R. 748) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 27, 2020, that expanded benefits through the joint federal-state unemployment insurance program during the coronavirus pandemic. The legislation also included $1,200 payments to certain individuals, funding for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits, and funds for businesses, hospitals, and state and local governments. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.[19]	Passed (419-6)
Nay	Equality Act   The Equality Act (H.R. 5) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to ban discrimination based on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity by expanding the definition of establishments that fall under public accomodation and prohibiting the denial of access to a shared facility that is in agreement with an indiviual's gender indenitity. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[20]	Passed (236-173)
Nay	Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019   The Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8) was a bill approved by the House that sought to ban firearm transfers between private parties unless a licensed gun dealer, manufacturer, or importer first takes possession of the firearm to conduct a background check. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[21]	Passed (240-190)
Nay	American Dream and Promise Act of 2019   The American Dream and Promise Act of 2019 (H.R.6) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to protect certain immigrants from removal proceedings and provide a path to permanent resident status by establishing streamlined procedures for permanant residency and canceling removal proceedings against certain qualifed individuals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[22]	Passed (237-187)
Nay	National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020   The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (S. 1790) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, setting policies and appropriations for the Department of Defense. Key features of this bill include appropriations for research/development, procurement, military construction, and operation/maintenence, as well as policies for paid family leave, North Korea nuclear sanctions, limiting the use of criminal history in federal hiring and contracting, military housing privatization, and paid family leave for federal personnel. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[23]	Passed (377-48)
Present	Families First Coronavirus Response Act   The Families First Coronavirus Response Act (H.R. 6201) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 18, 2020, addressing the COVID-19 pandemic by increasing access to unemployment benefits and food assistance, increasing funding for Medicaid, providing free testing for COVID-19, and requiring employers to provide paid sick time to employees who cannot work due to COVID-19. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.[24]	Passed (363-40)
Nay	Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019   The Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act (H.R. 1994) was a bill passed by the House Representatives that sought to change the requirements for employer provided retirement plans, IRAs, and other tax-favored savings accounts by modfying the requirements for things such as loans, lifetime income options, required minimum distributions, the eligibility rules for certain long-term, part-time employees, and nondiscrimination rules. The bill also sought to treat taxable non-tuition fellowship and stipend payments as compensation for the purpose of an IRA, repeal the maximum age for traditional IRA contributions, increase penalties for failing to file tax returns, allow penalty-free withdrawals from retirement plans if a child is born or adopted, and expand the purposes for which qualified tuition programs may be used. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[25]	Passed (417-3)
Nay	Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act   The Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act (H.R. 3) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to address the price of healthcare by requiring the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate prices for certain drugs, requiring drug manufactures to issue rebates for certain drugs covered under Medicare, requiring drug price transparency from drug manufacturers, expanding Medicare coverage, and providing funds for certain public health programs. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[26]	Passed (230-192)
Nay	Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020   The Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 1865) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, providing appropriations for federal agencies in fiscal year 2020. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[27]	Passed (297-120)
Yea	Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019   The Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019 (S. 1838) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on November 27, 2019, directing several federal departments to assess Hong Kong's unique treatment under U.S. law. Key features of the bill include directing the Department of State to report and certify annually to Congress as to whether Hong Kong is sufficiently autonomous from China to justify its unique treatment, and directing the Department of Commerce to report annually to Congress on China's efforts to use Hong Kong to evade U.S. export controls and sanctions. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.[28]	Passed (417-1)
Yea	MORE Act of 2020   The MORE Act of 2020 (H.R. 3884) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to decriminalize marijuana by removing marijuana as a scheduled controlled substance and eliminating criminal penalties for an individual who manufactures, distributes, or possesses marijuana. This bill required a simple majority vote from the House.[29]	Passed (228-164)
Yea	Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020   The Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 6074) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on March 6, 2020, providing emergency funding to federal agencies in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Key features of the bill include funding for vaccine research, small business loans, humanitarian assistance to affected foreign countries, emergency preparedness, and grants for public health agencies and organizations. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill.[30]	Passed (415-2)
Nay	Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019   The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (H.J.Res. 31) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on February 15, 2019, providing approrations for Fiscal Year 2019. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.[31]	Passed (300 -128)
Nay	John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act   The John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act (S. 47) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Doanld Trump on March 12, 2019. This bill sought to set provisions for federal land management and conservation by doing things such as conducting land exchanges and conveyances, establishing programs to respond to wildfires, and extending and reauthorizing wildlife conservation programs. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.[32]	Passed (363-62)
Nay	William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (On passage)   The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote in the House to override Trump's veto.[33]	Passed (335-78)
Nay	William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Overcoming veto)   The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote in the House to override Trump's veto.[34]	Passed (322-87)
Nay	Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019   The Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019 (S.24) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on January 16, 2019, that requires federal employees who were furloughed or compelled to work during a lapse in government funding to be compensated for that time. The bill also required those employees to be compensated as soon as the lapse in funding ends, irregardless of official pay date. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill.[35]	Passed (411-7)
Yea	Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (Article 1)   The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry. The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. The articles of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House.[36]	Guilty (230-197)
Yea	Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (Article 2)   The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry. The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. The articles of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House.[37]	Guilty (229-198)

Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018

For detailed information about each vote, clickhere.

• Votes on domestic policy (click to expand)

  VotedNay on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (Conference report) (HR 2)

   Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018

  Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance through fiscal year 2023.^[38]

  VotedNay on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2 (second vote))

   Bill Passed (213-211) on June 21, 2018

  Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance. It also proposed modifying the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, previously known as the food stamp program.^[39]

  VotedNay on: Securing America’s Future Act of 2018 (HR 4760)

   Bill Failed (193-231) on June 21, 2018

  Proposed funding a border wall, limiting legal immigration, a mandatory worker verification program, allowing DACA recipients to apply for legal status, and preventing separation of families at the border.^[40]

  VotedNay on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2)

   Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018

  Reauthorizes through FY2023 and modifies some Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs.^[41]

  VotedYea on: Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (HR 36)

   Bill Passed (237-189) on October 3, 2017

  Proposed amending the federal criminal code to make it a crime for any person to perform or attempt to perform an abortion if the probable post-fertilization age of the fetus was 20 weeks or more. The bill provided exceptions for an abortion: (1) that was necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman, or (2) when the pregnancy was the result of rape or incest.^[42]

  VotedNay on: Kate's Law (HR 3004)

   Bill Passed (257-167) on June 29, 2017

  Proposed increasing criminal penalties for individuals in the country illegally who were convicted of certain crimes, deported, and then re-entered the U.S. illegally.^[43]

  VotedNay on: No Sanctuary for Criminals Act (HR 3003)

   Bill Passed (228-195) on June 29, 2017

  Proposed withholding federal funds from states and localities that chose not to follow federal immigration laws.^[44]

  VotedYea on: American Health Care Act of 2017 (HR 1628)

   Bill passed (217-213) on May 4, 2017

  Proposed modifying the budgetary and fiscal provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare.^[45]

• Votes on economic affairs and regulations (click to expand)

  VotedNay on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 6157)

   Bill Passed (361-61) on September 26, 2018

  Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[46]

  VotedNay on: Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 5895)

   Bill Passed (377-20) on September 13, 2018

  Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[47]

  VotedNay on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 6157)

   Bill Passed (359-49) on June 28, 2018

  Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[48]

  VotedNay on: Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 5895)

   Bill Passed (235-179) on June 8, 2018

  Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[49]

  VotedYea on: Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (S 2155)

   Bill Passed (258-159) on May 22, 2018

  Proposed exempting some banks from the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act^[50]

  VotedNay on: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1625)

   Bill Passed (256-167) on March 22, 2018

  Proposed providing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes.^[51]

  VotedNay on: The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (HR 1892)

   Bill Passed (240-186) on February 9, 2018

  Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[52]

  VotedNay on: Further Extension Of Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1892)

   Bill Passed (245-182) on February 6, 2018

  Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[53]

  VotedNay on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

   Bill Passed (266-150) on January 22, 2018

  Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 8, 2018.^[54]

  VotedNay on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

   Bill Passed (230-197) on January 18, 2018

  Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 16, 2018.^[55]

  VotedNay on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1370)

   Bill Passed (231-188) on December 21, 2017

  Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through January 19, 2018.^[56]

  VotedYea on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

   Bill Passed (227-203) on December 19, 2017

  Proposed providing for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018.^[57]

  VotedNay on: Making further continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes (HJ Res 123)

   Bill Passed (235-193) on December 7, 2017

  Proposed funding the government until December 22, 2017.^[58]

  VotedYea on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

   Bill Passed (227-205) on November 16, 2017

  Proposed amending the Internal Revenue Code to reduce tax rates and modify policies, credits, and deductions for individuals and businesses.^[59]

  VotedNay on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

   Bill Passed (216-212) on October 26, 2017

  Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027. (This bill proposed adopting the Senate's budget resolution.)^[60]

  VotedNay on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

   Bill Passed (219-206) on October 5, 2017

  Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027.^[61]

  
  

  VotedNay on: Make America Secure and Prosperous Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3354)

   Bill Passed (211-198) on September 14, 2017

  Proposed providing FY2018 appropriations for the federal government. It combined 12 appropriations bills.^[62]

  VotedNay on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (Included amendments to suspend the debt ceiling and fund the government) (HR 601)

   Bill Passed (316-90) on September 8, 2017

  Proposed suspending the debt ceiling and funding the government until December 8, 2017, and providing funding for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma relief efforts.^[63]

  VotedNay on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 601)

   Bill Passed (419-3) on September 6, 2017

  Proposed providing $7.85 billion for disaster relief requirements, including response and recovery efforts from Hurricane Harvey.^[64]

  VotedYea on: Financial CHOICE Act of 2017 (HR 10)

   Bill passed (233-186) on June 8, 2017

  Proposed amending the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, among other acts.^[65]

  VotedNay on: Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017 (HR 244)

   Bill passed (309-118) on May 3, 2017

  Proposed a $1.2 trillion budget to fund the government through the end of the fiscal year on September 30, 2017.^[66]

• Votes on foreign policy and national security issues (click to expand)

  VotedNay on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (HR 5515)

   Bill Passed (351-66) on May 24, 2018

  Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities^[67]

  VotedNay on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 695)

   Bill Passed (250-166) on January 30, 2018

  Proposed providing appropriations for military functions administered by the Department of Defense and for other purposes, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018.^[68]

  
  

  VotedNay on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018—Conference report (HR 2810)

   Bill Passed (356-70) on November 14, 2017

  Proposed authorizing FY2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths.^[69]

  VotedNay on: Make America Secure Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3219)

   Bill Passed (235-192) on July 27, 2017

  Proposed making appropriations for defense, military construction, Veterans Affairs, the Legislative Branch, energy and water development, and for other purposes for the fiscal year ending on September 30, 2018.^[70]

  VotedNay on: Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (HR 3364)

   Bill Passed (419-3) on July 25, 2017

  Proposed providing congressional review and measures to counter aggression by the governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes.^[71]

  VotedNay on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180, second vote)

   Bill Passed (380-35) on July 28, 2017

  Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.^[72]

  VotedNay on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180)

   Bill Failed (241-163) on July 24, 2017

  Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.^[73]

  VotedNay on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 2810)

   Bill Passed (344-81) on July 14, 2017

  Proposed authorizing fiscal year 2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It did not provide budget authority.^[74]

  VotedNay on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 1301)

   Bill passed (371-48) on March 8, 2017

  The $577.9 billion fiscal year 2017 defense spending bill proposed $516.1 billion in base budget funding and $61.8 billion for Overseas Contingency Operations/ Global War on Terrorism funding.^[75]

114th Congress

The first session of the114th Congress enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the113th Congress had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the114th Congress enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the113th Congress had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[76][77] For more information pertaining to Amash's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.^[78]

Economic and fiscal

Trade Act of 2015

See also:The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015

Trade act procedural motion
On June 11, 2015, 34HouseRepublicans voted against a procedural motion to open up debate on a Senate amendment to theTrade Act of 2015, the primary bill associated with theTrans-Pacific Partnership. The White House and GOP leadership supported the motion, as well as the TPP, while most House Democrats opposed it. The rule passed 217 to 202, but SpeakerJohn Boehner (R) openly expressed his disapproval of the House Republicans who voted against it, telling reporters shortly afterwards, "I made it clear to members today I am not happy about it."^[79] Several of these Republicans lost leadership positions in the weeks following the vote, causing some to see a connection between the demotions and the vote against the procedural motion.^[80] Amash was one of 34 Republicans to vote against the procedural motion.^[81]
Trade adjustment assistance
On June 12, 2015, theHouse rejected thetrade adjustment assistance (TAA) measure inHR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015—by a vote of 126-302.Trade adjustment assistance (TAA) is a federal program providing American workers displaced by foreign trade agreements with job training and services. The measure was packaged withtrade promotion authority (TPA), also known as fast-track authority. TPA is a legislative procedure that allows Congress to define "U.S. negotiating objectives and spells out a detailed oversight and consultation process for during trade negotiations. Under TPA, Congress retains the authority to review and decide whether any proposed U.S. trade agreement will be implemented," according to the Office of the United States Trade Representative. Amash was one of 158 Republicans to vote against TAA.^[82][83]
Trade promotion authority
On June 12, 2015, theHouse passed thetrade promotion authority (TPA) measure inHR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015—by a vote of 219-211. TPA gives thepresident fast-track authority to negotiate trade agreements sent toCongress without the opportunity for amendment or filibuster. Although the House approved TPA, it was a largely symbolic vote given the measure was part of a package trade bill includingtrade adjustment assistance (TAA), which was rejected earlier the same day. Amash was one of 54Republicans to vote against the measure.^[84][85]
Trade promotion authority second vote
After thetrade adjustment assistance (TAA) andtrade promotion authority (TPA) did not pass theHouse together on June 12, 2015, representatives voted to authorize TPA alone as an amendment toHR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—on June 18, 2015. The amendment passed by a vote of 218-208, with all voting members of the House maintaining their original positions on TPA except forTed Yoho (R-Fla.). Amash was one of 50Republicans to vote against the amendment.^[86][87]
Trade adjustment assistance second vote
TheHouse passedHR 1295—the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015—on June 25, 2015, by a vote of 286-138. TheSenate packagedtrade adjustment assistance (TAA) in this bill after the House rejected the TAA measure inHR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015. Along withtrade promotion authority (TPA), whichCongress passed as part ofHR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—TAA became law on June 29, 2015. Amash was one of 132Republicans to vote against HR 1295.^[88][89]

Defense spending authorization

On May 15, 2015, theHouse passedHR 1735—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 269-151. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." Amash voted with seven otherRepublicans and 143Democrats against the bill.^[90] The Senate passed the bill on June 18, 2015, by a vote of 71-25. PresidentBarack Obamavetoed the bill on October 22, 2015.^[91]

On November 5, 2015, theHouse passedS 1356—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 370-58. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included $5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.^[92][93] Amash voted with eight otherRepublicans and 49Democrats against the bill.^[94] On November 10, 2015, theSenate passed the bill by a vote of 91-3, and PresidentBarack Obama signed it into law on November 25, 2015.^[95]

2016 Budget proposal

On April 30, 2015, theHouse voted to approveSConRes11, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 226-197. The non-binding resolution was designed to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government. All 183Democrats who voted, voted against the resolution. Amash voted with 13 otherRepublicans against the bill.^[96][97][98]

2015 budget

On October 28, 2015, theHouse passedHR 1314—the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015—by a vote of 266-167. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.^[99] Amash voted with 166Republicans against the bill.^[100] It passed theSenate on October 30, 2015.^[101] PresidentBarack Obama signed it into law on November 2, 2015.

Foreign Affairs

Iran nuclear deal

See also:Iran nuclear agreement, 2015

On May 14, 2015, theHouse approvedHR 1191—the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 400-25. The bill required PresidentBarack Obama to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review.Congress had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove, or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. Amash voted with 222 otherRepublicanrepresentatives to approve the bill.^[102][103]

Approval of Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
On September 11, 2015, theHouse rejectedHR 3461—To approve the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, signed at Vienna on July 14, 2015, relating to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 162-269. The legislation proposed approvingthe nuclear agreement with Iran. Amash voted with 243Republicans and 25Democrats against the bill.^[104][105]

Suspension of Iran sanctions relief
On September 11, 2015, theHouse approvedHR 3460—To suspend until January 21, 2017, the authority of the President to waive, suspend, reduce, provide relief from, or otherwise limit the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 247-186. HR 3460 prohibited "the President, prior to January 21, 2017, from: limiting the application of specified sanctions on Iran or refraining from applying any such sanctions; or removing a foreign person (including entities) listed in Attachments 3 or 4 to Annex II of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPA) from the list of designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Asset Control of the Department of the Treasury." Amash voted with 244Republicans and twoDemocrats for the bill.^[106][107]

Presidential non-compliance of section 2
On September 10, 2015, theHouse passedH Res 411—Finding that the President has not complied with section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 245-186. Section 2 of theIran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015 required the president to submit all materials related to the nuclear agreement for congressional review. HouseRepublicans introduced the resolution because two agreements between the International Atomic Energy Agency and Iran were not submitted to Congress. Amash voted with 244Republicans for the resolution.^[108][109]

Export-Import Bank

On October 27, 2015, theHouse passedHR 597—the Export-Import Bank Reform and Reauthorization Act of 2015—by a vote of 313-118. The bill proposed reauthorizing the Export-Import Bank and allowing it to resume offering assistance in the form of loans and insurance to foreign companies that wanted to buy U.S. goods.^[110] Amash voted with 116Republicans and oneDemocrat against the bill.^[111]

Domestic

USA FREEDOM Act of 2015

On May 13, 2015, theHouse passedHR 2048—the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015—by a vote of 338-88. The legislation revisedHR 3199—the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005—by ending the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from theForeign Intelligence Surveillance Court, and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." Amash voted with 46Republicans and 41Democrats against the legislation. It became law on June 2, 2015.^[112][113]

Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act

On May 13, 2015, theHouse passedHR 36—the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act—by a vote of 242-184. The bill proposed prohibiting abortions from being performed after a fetus was determined to be 20 weeks or older. The bill proposed exceptions in cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the mother. Amash voted with 237Republicans in favor of the bill.^[114][115]

Cyber security

On April 23, 2015, theHouse passedHR 1731—the National Cybersecurity Protection Advancement Act of 2015—by a vote of 355-63. The bill proposed creating an information sharing program that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. It also proposed including liability protections for companies.^[116] Amash voted with 18Republicans and 44Democrats against the bill.^[117]

On April 22, 2015, theHouse passedHR 1560—the Protecting Cyber Networks Act—by a vote of 307-116.^[118] The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. Amash voted with 36Republicans and 79Democrats against the bill.^[119]

Immigration

On November 19, 2015, theHouse passedHR 4038—the American SAFE Act of 2015—by a vote of 289-137.^[120] The bill proposed instituting additional screening processes for refugees from Iraq and Syria who applied for admission to the U.S. Amash voted with 241Republicans and 47Democrats in favor of the bill.^[121]

113th Congress

The second session of the113th Congress enacted into law 224 out of the 3215 introduced bills (7 percent). Comparatively, the112th Congress had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[122] For more information pertaining to Amash's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.^[123]

National security

NDAA

Amash voted against HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.^[124]

DHS Appropriations

Amash voted against HR 2217 - the DHS Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 that was largely along party lines.^[125]

CISPA (2013)

Amash voted against HR 624 - the CISPA (2013). The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill permitted federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities. The bill was largely supported by Republicans, but divided the Democratic Party.^[126]

Economy

Farm Bill (2014)

On January 29, 2014, theU.S. House approved the Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013,H.R. 2642, also known as theFarm Bill.^[127] The bill passed by a vote of 251-166. The nearly 1,000-page bill reformed and continued various programs of the Department of Agriculture through 2018. The $1 trillion bill expanded crop insurance for farmers by $7 billion over the next decade and created new subsidies for rice and peanut growers that would kick in when prices drop.^[128][129] It also cut the food stamp program an average of $90 per month for 1.7 million people in 15 states.^[129] Amash voted with 62 otherRepublicanrepresentatives against the bill.

Budget (2014)

On January 15, 2014, theRepublican-runHouse approvedH.R. 3547, a $1.1 trillion spending bill to fund the government through September 30, 2014.^[130][131] The House voted 359-67 for the 1,582 page bill, with 64Republicans and threeDemocrats voting against the bill.^[131] The omnibus package included 12 annual spending bills to fund federal operations.^[132] It included a 1 percent increase in the paychecks of federal workers and military personnel, a $1 billion increase in Head Start funding for early childhood education, reduced funding to the Internal Revenue Service and the Environmental Protection Agency and protected theAffordable Care Act from any drastic cuts. Amash joined with the 63 otherRepublicans and 3Democrats who voted against the bill.^[130][131]

Government shutdown

See also:United States budget debate, 2013

On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.^[133] At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen.Harry Reid rejected the call to conference.^[134] Amash voted in favor of the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.^[135]

The shutdown ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by theSenate. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funded the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made bySenate Democrats was to require income verification forObamacare subsidies.^[136] The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming fromRepublican members. Amash voted against HR 2775.^[137]

Paul Ryan Budget Proposal

In March 2013 theRepublican controlledHouse passed the budget proposal set out byWisconsin Rep.Paul Ryan (R) for the third straight year.^[138] However, not allRepublican representatives voted in favor of the proposal.^[138] Amash was one of the 10 RepublicanRepresentatives who voted againstRyan's budget proposal.^[138]

The proposal was killed after being voted down in theU.S. Senate with a 40-59 vote.^[139]

The proposal would have cut about $5 trillion over the next decade and aimed to balance the budget by the end of the 10-year period.^[138] The 2013 bill had opposition from 10 Republicans — the same number that voted against it in 2012. In 2011 only four Republicans cast a vote in opposition.^[138] Democrats have unanimously voted against the bill every year.^[138]

2013 Farm Bill

In July 2013 theRepublican controlledHouse narrowly passed a scaled-back version of thefarm bill after stripping out the popular food-stamp program.^[140][141] The bill passed on a 216-208 vote, with noDemocrats voting in favor.^[142] All but 12Republicans supported the measure.^[143] The group consisted mostly of conservative lawmakers more concerned about spending than farm subsidies.^[143][144] Amash was one of the 12 who voted against the measure.^[143]

Thefarm bill historically has included both billions in farm subsidies and billions in food stamps. Including both of the two massive programs has in the past helped win support from rural-state lawmakers and those representing big cities.^[142] After the bill failed in theHouse in June 2013 amid opposition from rank-and-fileRepublicans,House leaders removed the food stamp portion in a bid to attract conservative support.^[142]

Federal Pay Adjustment Elimination

Amash voted for HR 273 - Eliminates the 2013 Statutory Pay Adjustment for Federal Employees. The bill passed the House on February 15, 2013, with a vote of 261 - 154. The bill called for stopping a 0.5 percent pay increase for all federal workers from taking effect. The raises were projected to cost $11 billion over 10 years.^[145]

Drought Information System

Amash voted against HR 2431 - The National Integrated Drought Information System Reauthorization Act of 2013. The bill passed the House on February 10, 2014 with a vote of 365 - 21 with 45 not voting. All 21 nays came from Republicans.^[146] The bill intended to amend the National Integrated Drought Information System Act of 2006 to specify that the National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS) Program's purpose shall be to better inform and provide for more timely decision-making to reduce drought related impacts and costs.^[147]

Immigration

Morton Memos Prohibition

Amash voted for House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain individuals residing in the United States without legal status.^[148] The vote largely followed party lines.^[149]

Healthcare

Healthcare Reform Rules

Amash voted for House Amendment 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amendment was adopted by the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 227-185. The amendment requires that all changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act be approved by Congress before taking effect. The vote was largely along party lines.^[150]

Social issues

Abortion

Amash voted for HR 1797 - Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act. The resolution passed the House on June 18, 2013, with a vote of 228 - 196 that largely followed party lines. The purpose of the bill was to ban abortions that would take place 20 or more weeks after fertilization.^[151]

Government affairs

HR 676

See also:Boehner's lawsuit against the Obama administration

On July 30, 2014, theU.S. House approveda resolution 225 to 201 to sue President Barack Obama for exceeding his constitutional authority. FiveRepublicans—Thomas Massie of Kentucky,Paul Broun of Georgia,Scott Garrett of New Jersey,Walter Jones of North Carolina andSteve Stockman of Texas—voted withDemocrats against the lawsuit.^[152] Amash joined the other 224Republicans in favor of the lawsuit. All Democrats voted against the resolution.^[153][154]

Previous congressional sessions

Fiscal Cliff

Amash voted against the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was 1 of 151 Republicans that voted against the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257 - 167 vote on January 1, 2013.^[155]

Issues

House Freedom Caucus

Amash was listed as a member of theHouse Freedom Caucus according to reports byCNN andRoll Call released in March 2017. The House Freedom Caucus does not have an official membership list. Caucus membership was estimated to be roughly 29 members in March 2017.^[156][157] He quit the caucus in June 2019.^[158]

Presidential preference

2016 presidential endorsement

✓ Amash endorsedTed Cruz for the Republican primary in the 2016 U.S.presidential election.^[159]

See also:Endorsements for Ted Cruz

2016 Presidential Endorsements by U.S. Representatives
Representative	Candidate	Date	Source
Scott Rigell	Marco Rubio (primary) Gary Johnson (general)	August 2016	The New York Times
Richard Hanna	Hillary Clinton	August 2016	Syracuse.com
Tom Campbell (California)	John Kasich (primary) Gary Johnson (general)	July 2016	The Washington Post
Ken Buck	Ted Cruz (primary) Donald Trump (general)	July 2016	Facebook
Nita Lowey	Hillary Clinton	October 2014	Armonk Daily Voice
Earl "Buddy" Carter	Donald Trump	July 2016	Savannah Morning News
Paul Gosar	Ted Cruz (primary) Donald Trump (general)	July 2016	Dr. Paul Gosar for Congress
Dan Benishek	Donald Trump	June 2016	The Detroit News
Rodney Frelinghuysen	Ted Cruz (primary) Donald Trump (general)	July 2016	Daily Record
Raul Grijalva	Hillary Clinton	June 2016	NBC News
Nancy Pelosi	Hillary Clinton	June 2016	The Hill
Paul Ryan	Donald Trump	June 2016	Politico
Jim Jordan (Ohio)	Donald Trump	May 2016	Washington Examiner
Jim Bridenstine	Ted Cruz (primary) Donald Trump (general)	May 2016	Fox 23 News
Doug Collins	Donald Trump	May 2016	AJC.com
Charles Boustany Jr.	Donald Trump	May 2016	Republican Party of Louisiana
John Fleming (Louisiana)	Donald Trump	May 2016	Republican Party of Louisiana
Rick Crawford (Arkansas)	Marco Rubio (primary) Donald Trump (general)	May 2016	KASU
Ryan Zinke	Donald Trump	May 2016	Washington Examiner
Albio Sires	Hillary Clinton	May 2016	NJ.com
Greg Walden	Donald Trump	May 2016	The Hill
Darrell Issa	Donald Trump	May 2016	Los Angeles Times
Peter King	Donald Trump	May 2016	Newsday.com
David Trott	Donald Trump	May 2016	Detroit Free Press
Lee Zeldin	Donald Trump	May 2016	Newsday.com
Steven Palazzo	Donald Trump	May 2016	MS News Now
Candice Miller	Donald Trump	May 2016	The Hill
Kevin McCarthy	Donald Trump	May 2016	The Atlantic
Steve Scalise	Donald Trump	May 2016	The Atlantic
Cathy McMorris Rodgers	Donald Trump	May 2016	The Atlantic
Raul Labrador	John Kasich (primary) Donald Trump (general)	May 2016	The Atlantic
John Duncan, Jr.	Donald Trump	April 2016	Politico
Kevin Cramer	Donald Trump	April 2016	Bismarck Tribune
Renee Ellmers	Donald Trump	March 2016	CBS North Carolina
Tom Reed	Donald Trump	March 2016	Syracuse.com
Jeff Miller (Florida)	Donald Trump	April 2016	The Hill
Bill Shuster	Donald Trump	April 2016	The Hill
Scott DesJarlais	Donald Trump	February 2016	National Review
Tom Marino	Donald Trump	February 2016	Politico
Rick Nolan	Bernie Sanders	April 2016	Politico
Elijah Cummings	Hillary Clinton	April 2016	The Washington Post
Reid Ribble	Ted Cruz	April 2016	Breitbart News
Lou Barletta	Donald Trump	March 2016	The Morning Call
Ann Wagner	Ted Cruz	March 2015	Politico
Gwen Graham	Hillary Clinton	March 2016	Tallahassee Democrat
Alan Grayson	Bernie Sanders	March 2016	Politico
Ben Ray Lujan	Hillary Clinton	February 2016	CBS News
Tulsi Gabbard	Bernie Sanders	February 2016	Politico
Ander Crenshaw	Marco Rubio	February 2016	Jacksonville.com
Chris Collins	Donald Trump	February 2016	ABC News
Duncan Hunter	Donald Trump	February 2016	Politico
Justin Amash	Ted Cruz	February 2016	The Hill
Roger Williams (Texas)	Ted Cruz	February 2016	Dallas Morning News
Joe Wilson (South Carolina)	Marco Rubio	February 2016	The Post and Courier
Mark Sanford (South Carolina)	Ted Cruz (primary) Donald Trump (general)	August 2016	The Atlantic
James Clyburn	Hillary Clinton	February 2016	USA Today
Andrew Harris	Ben Carson (primary) Donald Trump (general)	May 2016	The Baltimore Sun
Steve Womack	Marco Rubio	February 2016	Arkansas Online
Lynn Westmoreland	Marco Rubio	February 2015	Atlanta Journal Constitution
Matt Salmon	Marco Rubio	February 2015	The Arizona Republic
David Price	Hillary Clinton	January 2016	WNCN
Mike Quigley	Hillary Clinton	January 2016	Quigley for Congress Facebook page
Frank Pallone Jr.	Hillary Clinton	January 2016	PolitickerNJ
Earl Blumenauer	Hillary Clinton	December 2015	Earl Blumenauer on Medium
Michael Capuano	Hillary Clinton	December 2015	Boston Globe
Maxine Waters	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	The Los Angeles Times
Jackie Speier	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	The Los Angeles Times
Pete Aguilar	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	The Los Angeles Times
Jerry McNerney	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	The Los Angeles Times
Anna Eshoo	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	The Los Angeles Times
John Yarmuth	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Courier-Journal
Denny Heck	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Seattle Times
Suzan DelBene	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Seattle Times
Ann Kirkpatrick	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	ABC15
Gwen Moore	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Gwen Moore for Congress
Corrine Brown	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Florida Politics
Bennie Thompson	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Jackson Free Press
Seth Moulton	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Boston Globe
Jared Huffman	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	Jared Huffman Facebook page
Paul Tonko	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	Politico
Eliot Engel	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	Politico
Joe Courtney	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	Joe Courtney for Congress
Bill Keating	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	Wareham VillageSoup.com
Yvette Clarke	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	New York Observer
Bobby Scott (Virginia)	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	Richmond Times-Dispatch
Annie Kuster	Hillary Clinton	September 2015	Concord Monitor
Dave Loebsack	Hillary Clinton	September 2015	The Des Moines Register
Cheri Bustos	Hillary Clinton	September 2015	The Des Moines Register
Zoe Lofgren	Hillary Clinton	September 2015	Zoe Lofgren Facebook page
Tim Walz	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	Pioneer Press
Bonnie Watson Coleman	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	PolitikerNJ
Bill Pascrell	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	PolitikerNJ
Donald Payne, Jr.	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	PolitickerNJ
John Garamendi	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	John Garamendi Facebook page
Jim Himes	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	Hartford Courant
Xavier Becerra	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	The Los Angeles Times
Scott Peters	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	Scott Peters Facebook page
Lois Capps	Hillary Clinton	July 2015	Lois Capps Facebook page
Marcia Fudge	Hillary Clinton	July 2015	Cleveland.com
André Carson	Hillary Clinton	July 2015	The Indianapolis Star
Suzanne Bonamici	Hillary Clinton	July 2015	Suzanne Bonamici Facebook page
Niki Tsongas	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	WBUR
Don Beyer	Hillary Clinton	June 2015	Don Beyer Twitter feed
Brenda Lawrence	Hillary Clinton	June 2015	The Detroit News
Matt Cartwright	Hillary Clinton	June 2015	Times News
William Lacy Clay	Hillary Clinton	June 2015	St. Louis Post-Dispatch
Elizabeth Esty	Hillary Clinton	June 2015	Fox61
John Larson	Hillary Clinton	June 2015	Fox61
Steve Cohen	Hillary Clinton	June 2015	The Commercial Appeal
Katherine Clark	Hillary Clinton	August 2015	MassLive.com
Jim McGovern (Massachusetts)	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	MassLive.com
Joseph Kennedy III	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	MassLive.com
Patrick Murphy (Florida)	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Adam Smith	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Derek Kilmer	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Gerald Connolly	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Ruben Hinojosa (Texas congressman)	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Mike Thompson (California)	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Kathy Castor	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Marc Veasey	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Julia Brownley	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Ed Perlmutter	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Henry Cuellar	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Jared Polis	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Filemon Vela (Texas U.S. representative)	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Eddie Bernice Johnson	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Jim Cooper (Tennessee)	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Kurt Schrader	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Joyce Beatty	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
[[Brad Sherman]]	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Sean Maloney	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Kathleen Rice	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Jose Serrano	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Adam Schiff	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Dan Kildee	Hillary Clinton	May 2015	The Hill
Emanuel Cleaver	Hillary Clinton	April 2015	The Kansas City Star
Steve Israel	Hillary Clinton	April 2015	Steve Israel Facebook page
John Conyers, Jr.	Hillary Clinton	April 2015	The Daily Caller
Diana DeGette	Hillary Clinton	April 2015	Diana DeGette Facebook page
Rick Larsen	Hillary Clinton	April 2015	Rick Larsen House Website
Karen Bass	Hillary Clinton	April 2015	The Hill
Jim McDermott (Washington)	Hillary Clinton	July 2015	The Hill
Debbie Dingell	Hillary Clinton	July 2015	The Hill
Rosa DeLauro	Hillary Clinton	July 2015	The Hill
Jerrold Nadler	Hillary Clinton	July 2015	The Hill
Nydia Velazquez	Hillary Clinton	April 2015	The Hill
Mark Takano	Hillary Clinton	February 2015	MSNBC
Ted Lieu	Hillary Clinton	February 2015	MSNBC
Tammy Duckworth	Hillary Clinton	February 2015	MSNBC
Ami Bera	Hillary Clinton	February 2015	MSNBC
Charles Rangel	Hillary Clinton	November 2014	Politico
Betty McCollum	Hillary Clinton	June 2014	Minnesota Public Radio
Bill Foster	Hillary Clinton	June 2014	Chicago Tribune
Robin Kelly	Hillary Clinton	June 2014	Chicago Tribune
Ted Deutch	Hillary Clinton	February 2014	Sun Sentinel
Joseph Crowley	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The Hill
Loretta Sanchez	Hillary Clinton	January 2015	Los Angeles Times
Lucille Roybal-Allard	Hillary Clinton	January 2015	Los Angeles Times
Grace Napolitano	Hillary Clinton	January 2015	Los Angeles Times
Frederica Wilson	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Louise Slaughter	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Terri Sewell	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
David Scott (Georgia)	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Jan Schakowsky	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Cedric Richmond	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Chellie Pingree	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Grace Meng	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Gregory Meeks	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Doris Matsui	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Stephen Lynch	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
John Lewis (Georgia)	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Sandy Levin	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Jim Langevin	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Sheila Jackson Lee	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Mike Honda	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Brian Higgins	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Alcee Hastings	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Janice Hahn	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Gene Green	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Lois Frankel	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Danny K. Davis	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Joaquin Castro	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
David Cicilline	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Hank Johnson	Hillary Clinton	January 2014	The New York Times
Richard Neal	Hillary Clinton	September 2015	MassLive
Mark Meadows (North Carolina)	Ted Cruz	January 2016	Asheville Citizen-Times
Bill Johnson (Ohio)	John Kasich	October 2015	Kasich for America
Carolyn Maloney	Hillary Clinton	November 2013	CBSNewYork
Tim Ryan (Ohio)	Hillary Clinton	November 2013	Cleveland.com
Dina Titus	Hillary Clinton	August 2013	KRNV Reno, NV
Michael Bishop	Jeb Bush	November 2015	The Hill
Mike Coffman (Colorado)	Marco Rubio	December 2015	The Denver Post
Larry Bucshon	Marco Rubio	December 2015	Evansville Courier & Press
Bill Huizenga	Marco Rubio	December 2015	The Detroit News
Markwayne Mullin	Marco Rubio	November 2015	The Hill
Doug LaMalfa	Marco Rubio	November 2015	The Hill
Todd Rokita	Marco Rubio	October 2015	The Hill
John Moolenaar	Marco Rubio	September 2015	The Hill
Austin Scott	Marco Rubio	September 2015	The Hill
Thomas Rooney	Marco Rubio	September 2015	The Hill
Susan Brooks	Chris Christie	December 2015	Christie2016
Patrick Meehan	Chris Christie	July 2015	The Hill
Leonard Lance	Chris Christie	June 2015	NJ.com
Tom MacArthur	Chris Christie	June 2015	NJ.com
Frank LoBiondo	Chris Christie	June 2015	NJ.com
Trent Franks	Mike Huckabee	January 2016	Western Journalism
Charles Fleischmann	Mike Huckabee	September 2015	The Washington Post
Bruce Westerman	Mike Huckabee	September 2015	The Washington Post
French Hill	Mike Huckabee	September 2015	The Washington Post
Gregg Harper	John Kasich	September 2015	The Washington Times
Michael Turner (Ohio)	John Kasich	July 2015	USA Today
Steve Stivers	John Kasich	July 2015	USA Today
Tom McClintock	Ted Cruz	January 2016	The Sacramento Bee
Dana Rohrabacher	Ted Cruz	November 2015	Breitbart
Jeff Fortenberry	Carly Fiorina	October 2015	Journal Star
Alexander Mooney	Ted Cruz	January 2016	The Hill
Sam Johnson (Texas congressman)	Ted Cruz	January 2016	The Texas Tribune
Judy Chu	Hillary Clinton	April 2015	The Hill
G.K. Butterfield	Hillary Clinton	January 2016	The Grio
Jason Chaffetz	Marco Rubio	January 2016	Politico
Trey Gowdy	Marco Rubio	December 2015	The Hill
Rob Bishop	Marco Rubio	December 2015	The Salt Lake Tribune
Linda Sanchez	Hillary Clinton	December 2015	La Opinion
Barbara Comstock	Marco Rubio	December 2015	The Washington Post
Brad Ashford	Hillary Clinton	December 2015	Journal Star
Eric Swalwell	Martin O'Malley	July 2015	Roll Call
Luis Gutierrez	Hillary Clinton	December 2015	Chicago Sun-Times
Sam Graves	Ted Cruz (primary) Donald Trump (general)	July 2016	KSHB
Ed Whitfield	Rand Paul	April 2015	Politico
Patrick Tiberi	John Kasich	July 2015	Cincinnati.com
Randy Weber	Ted Cruz	September 2015	The Texas Tribune
Jody Hice	Ted Cruz	September 2015	The Hill
Mo Brooks	Ted Cruz	November 2015	AL.com
John Culberson	Ted Cruz	April 2015	The Hill
John Ratcliffe	Ted Cruz	May 2015	The Hill
Louie Gohmert	Ted Cruz	May 2015	The Hill
Michael Burgess	Ted Cruz	May 2015	The Hill
Brian Babin	Ted Cruz	July 2015	The Dallas Morning News
Thomas Massie	Rand Paul	May 2015	Blog4President.us
Cynthia Lummis	Rand Paul	July 2015	Breitbart
Walter Jones	Rand Paul	April 2015	Newsmax
Brett Guthrie	Rand Paul	November 2015	Roll Call
Curt Clawson	Rand Paul	February 2015	Breitbart
Andy Barr	Rand Paul	May 2015	Politico
Jaime Herrera Beutler	Marco Rubio	November 2015	The Oregonian
Chris Stewart (Utah)	Marco Rubio	September 2015	Salt Lake Tribune
Jason Smith (Missouri representative)	Marco Rubio	November 2015	Roll Call
Pete Sessions	Jeb Bush	November 2015	Jeb! 2016
Mimi Walters	Jeb Bush	November 2015	Roll Call
David Valadao	Jeb Bush	October 2015	The Fresno Bee
Mike Rogers (Alabama)	Jeb Bush	September 2015	AL.com
Patrick McHenry	Jeb Bush	August 2015	Citizen-Times
Adam Kinzinger	Jeb Bush	August 2015	The Hill
Kay Granger	Jeb Bush	November 2015	Jeb! 2016
Jeff Denham	Jeb Bush	August 2015	The Fresno Bee
Daniel Webster (Florida)	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hill
Dennis Ross	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hill
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hill
John Mica	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hill
David Jolly	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hil
Mario Diaz-Balart	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hill
Carlos Curbelo	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hill
Vern Buchanan	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hill
Gus Bilirakis	Jeb Bush	June 2015	The Hill
Mark Amodei	Jeb Bush	August 2015	Las Vegas Sun
Mia Love	Marco Rubio	November 2015	NBC News
Luke Messer	Jeb Bush	November 2015	The Hill
Ruben Gallego	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Phoenix New Times
Chris Van Hollen	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Baltimore Sun
John Sarbanes	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Baltimore Sun
Dutch Ruppersberger	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Baltimore Sun
Donna Edwards	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Baltimore Sun
John Delaney	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Baltimore Sun
Steny Hoyer	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Baltimore Sun
Steve King (Iowa)	Ted Cruz	November 2015	Washington Post
Tony Cardenas	Hillary Clinton	November 2015	Latin Post
Mike Pompeo	Marco Rubio	November 2015	Politico
Kristi Noem	Marco Rubio	November 2015	Politico
John Carney Jr.	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	Roll Call
Sean Duffy	Marco Rubio	October 2015	WSAW.com
Darin LaHood	Marco Rubio	October 2015	Quad-City Times
Hakeem Jeffries	Hillary Clinton	October 2015	Wall Street Journal
Keith Ellison (Minnesota)	Bernie Sanders	October 2015	Huffington Post
Lynn Jenkins	Carly Fiorina	September 2015	The Topeka Capital-Journal
Mick Mulvaney	Rand Paul	September 2015	The Washington Post

Amash had previously supportedRand Paul.^[160]

Republicans who opposed Trump in 2016

See also:Republicans and their declared positions on Donald Trump

Amash was part of a group of Republican members of Congress who said they would not endorse or vote forDonald Trump. On February 26, 2016, Amash said, "Donald Trump, on the other hand, is genuinely terrifying and 'should go back to The Apprentice,'" according toReason.com.^[161]

A full list of Republicans who opposed Trump can be viewed here.

National Security

NSA surveillance programs

James Clapper

On June 12, 2013, Amash called for the resignation of James Clapper, the Director of National Intelligence, because in a congressional hearing in March 2013, Clapper affirmatively asserted that the National Security Agency was not involved in a large-scale surveillance program to gather data on American citizens.^[162]

Amash said, "It now appears clear that the director of national intelligence, James Clapper, lied under oath to Congress and the American people...Perjury is a serious crime ... [and] Clapper should resign immediately."^[162]

Conservative Fight Club

According to the conservative websiteRedState, Amash was one of 16 U.S. House members in the "Conservative Fight Club," a designation meant to describe the "gold standard for conservatives in the House," as outlined byRedState. They were the 16 Republicans who voted against the continuing appropriations resolution to avoid the impending government shutdown in March 2013. This type of resolution is used to fund government agencies when a formal federal budget has not been approved.^[163]

Presidential preference

2012

See also:Endorsements by state officials of presidential candidates in the 2012 election

Justin Amash endorsedRon Paul in the 2012 presidential election.

Elections

2024

See also: United States Senate election in Michigan, 2024

General election

General election for U.S. Senate Michigan

The following candidates ran in the general election for U.S. Senate Michigan on November 5, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Elissa Slotkin (D)	48.6	2,712,686
		Mike Rogers (R)	48.3	2,693,680
		Joseph Solis-Mullen (L)	1.0	56,697
		Douglas P. Marsh (G)	1.0	53,978
		Dave Stein (U.S. Taxpayers Party)	0.7	41,363
		Doug Dern (Natural Law Party)	0.3	18,779
		Valerie Willis (U.S. Taxpayers Party) (Write-in)	0.0	2
	Submit photo	James Chapman (R) (Write-in)	0.0	1
		Other/Write-in votes	0.0	4

---

	There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 5,577,190
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• James Frizzell (Independent)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Michigan

Elissa Slotkin defeatedHill Harper in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Michigan on August 6, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Elissa Slotkin	76.3	712,791
		Hill Harper	23.7	221,053

---

	There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 933,844
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Pamela Pugh (D)
• Nasser Beydoun (D)
• Leslie Love (D)
• Zack Burns (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. Senate Michigan

Mike Rogers defeatedJustin Amash,Sherry O'Donnell, andSandy Pensler in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Michigan on August 6, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Mike Rogers	63.2	555,766
		Justin Amash	15.6	137,565
		Sherry O'Donnell	12.1	106,466
		Sandy Pensler	9.1	79,772

---

	There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 879,569
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• J.D. Wilson (R)
• Sharon Savage (R)
• Michael Hoover (R)
• Bensson Samuel (R)
• Alexandria Taylor (R)
• Peter Meijer (R)
• James Craig (R)
• Nikki Snyder (R)
• Rebekah Curran (R)
• Glenn Wilson (R)

Green convention

Green convention for U.S. Senate Michigan

Douglas P. Marsh advanced from the Green convention for U.S. Senate Michigan on June 15, 2024.

		Candidate
✔		Douglas P. Marsh (G)

---

	There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Libertarian convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. Senate Michigan

Joseph Solis-Mullen advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. Senate Michigan on July 20, 2024.

		Candidate
✔		Joseph Solis-Mullen (L)

---

	There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Natural Law Party convention

Natural Law Party convention for U.S. Senate Michigan

Doug Dern advanced from the Natural Law Party convention for U.S. Senate Michigan on April 17, 2024.

		Candidate
✔		Doug Dern (Natural Law Party)

---

	There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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U.S. Taxpayers Party convention

U.S. Taxpayers Party convention for U.S. Senate Michigan

Dave Stein advanced from the U.S. Taxpayers Party convention for U.S. Senate Michigan on July 27, 2024.

		Candidate
✔		Dave Stein (U.S. Taxpayers Party)

---

	There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Endorsements

2018

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 3

IncumbentJustin Amash defeatedCathy Albro andTed Gerrard in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Justin Amash (R)	54.4	169,107
		Cathy Albro (D)	43.2	134,185
	Submit photo	Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers Party)	2.4	7,445
		Other/Write-in votes	0.0	3

---

	Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 310,740
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Douglas Smith (Independent)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

Cathy Albro defeatedFred Wooden in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 7, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Cathy Albro	68.2	42,619
		Fred Wooden	31.8	19,903

---

	There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 62,522
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Jeff Thomas (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3

IncumbentJustin Amash advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 3 on August 7, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Justin Amash	100.0	69,817

---

	Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 69,817
= candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Joe Farrington (R)

2016

See also:Michigan's 3rd Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpediarated this race as safely Republican. IncumbentJustin Amash (R) defeatedDouglas Smith (D) andTed Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers) in the general election on November 8, 2016. No candidate faced a primary opponent in August.^{[164][165][166][167]}

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2016

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Justin AmashIncumbent	59.5%	203,545
	Democratic	Douglas Smith	37.5%	128,400
	U.S. Taxpayers	Ted Gerrard	3%	10,420
Total Votes				342,365
Source:Michigan Secretary of State

2014

See also:Michigan's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2014

Amash ran for re-election toMichigan's3rd District in 2014. Amash won the Republican nomination in the primary againstBrian Ellis on August 5, 2014. He defeatedBob Goodrich (D) andTonya Duncan (Green) in the general election on November 4, 2014.

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2014

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Justin AmashIncumbent	57.9%	125,754
	Democratic	Bob Goodrich	39%	84,720
	Green	Tonya Duncan	3.1%	6,691
Total Votes				217,165
Source:Michigan Secretary of State

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 Republican Primary, 2014

Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Justin AmashIncumbent	57.4%	39,706
Brian Ellis	42.6%	29,422
Total Votes		69,128
Source:Michigan Secretary of State

Polls

2012

See also:Michigan's 3rd Congressional District elections, 2012

Amash won re-election in the2012 election for theU.S. House, representingMichigan's3rd District.^[168] He ran unopposed in the August 7, 2012, Republican primary. He then defeatedSteve Pestka (D) andBill Gelineau (L) in the general election on November 6, 2012.^[169]

U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2012

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Steve Pestka	44.2%	144,108
	Republican	Justin AmashIncumbent	52.6%	171,675
	Libertarian	Bill Gelineau	3.2%	10,498
	Write-in	Steven Butler	0%	2
Total Votes				326,283
Source:Michigan Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

Campaign themes

2024

Ballotpedia survey responses

See also:Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection

Justin Amash did not completeBallotpedia's 2024 Candidate Connection survey.

2020

Justin Amash did not completeBallotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.

2012

The following are several issues that were highlighted on Amash's campaign website.^[170]

• Accountability & Transparency

Excerpt: "I am the first-ever Member of Congress to explain every vote I take on the House floor, which I do on my official congressional Facebook Page. In addition, I have never missed a vote as a state legislator or Member of Congress."

• Economy & Regulations

Excerpt: "Government can best help the economy by making regulations predictable and uncomplicated, simplifying the tax code, and letting businesses stand or fail on their own merit."

• Education

Excerpt: "The right of parents to educate their children as they see fit, including the right of homeschooling, should not be infringed. Government-mandated curriculums and teaching methods do not properly account for different learning styles, leaving many children confused and falling short of their potential."

• Environment

Excerpt: "The best way to protect the environment is through strong enforcement of property rights and pursuit of sound economic policy."

• Healthcare

Excerpt: "As a Member of Congress, I have voted to repeal the President’s plan to force families and individuals to purchase government-approved health insurance... We need reforms that will reduce the real costs of health care, not force participation in a government system."

• Immigration

Excerpt: "The United States has always welcomed individuals who legally seek to enter our country to work or become citizens, but Congress and the President must make every effort to secure our borders."

• Life, Faith & Family

Excerpt: "The proper function of government is to protect individual rights—life, liberty, and property. I believe that life begins at conception, and it is unconscionable that government would sanction the taking of the helpless and innocent."

• National Defense & Civil Liberties

Excerpt: "I have led the fight against big-government initiatives like the Patriot Act, SOPA, CISPA, and the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for FY 2012."

• Second Amendment

Excerpt: "Congress must halt the unconstitutional practice of restricting a person’s ability to purchase, transport, store, or possess arms on public lands or on that individual’s private property under the guise of regulating interstate commerce."

• Social Security & Medicare

Excerpt: "We must keep our promises to seniors and not change benefits for those who are currently receiving or soon will receive Social Security or Medicare... We must begin to phase in significant reforms for the benefit of future generations."

• State Sovereignty & Individual Rights

Excerpt: "The federal government should not improperly apply the General Welfare Clause, the Commerce Clause, or the Necessary and Proper Clause to justify regulating activities that are not within its authority."

Polls

Full history

To view the full congressional electoral history for Justin Amash, click [show] to expand the section.

2010 On November 2, 2010, Justin Amash won election to theUnited States House. He defeated Pat Miles (D), James Rogers (L), Ted Gerrard (U.S. Taxpayers) and Charlie Shick (G) in the general election.[171] U.S. House, Michigan District 3 General Election, 2010 Party Candidate Vote % Votes      Republican Justin Amash 59.7% 133,714      Democratic Pat Miles 37.5% 83,953      Libertarian James Rogers 1.2% 2,677      U.S. Taxpayers Ted Gerrard 1% 2,144      Green Charlie Shick 0.7% 1,575 Total Votes 224,063

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf.Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at theFEC website. Clickhere for more on federal campaign finance law andhere for more on state campaign finance law.

Personal Gain Index

See also:Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

ThePersonal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of theU.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

• Changes in Net Worth
• The Donation Concentration Metric

PGI: Change in net worth

See also:Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) andNet worth of United States Senators and Representatives

Based oncongressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available byOpenSecrets.org, Amash's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $890,026 and $2,200,000. That averages to$1,545,013, which is lower than the average net worth of Republican representatives in 2012 of $7,614,097.96. Amash ranked as the 174th most wealthy representative in 2012.^[172] Between 2009 and 2012, Amash's calculated net worth^[173] increased by an average of 28 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2014, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.^[174]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also:The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by theFederal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated byOpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). Amash received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by theRepublican/Conservative industry.

From 2009-2014,26.17 percent of Amash's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.^[177]

Analysis

Note: Because Amash often breaks with the Republican Party for ideologically conservative reasons, some of the analysis points to him beingliberal, however, that may or may not be the case because of his reasoning behind certain votes.

Ideology and leadership

See also:GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship byGovTrack, Amash was acentrist Republican as of July 2014.^[178] This was the same rating Amash received in July 2014.

Like-minded colleagues

The websiteOpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.^[179]

National Journal vote ratings

See also:National Journal vote ratings

Each yearNational Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Click the link above for the full ratings of all members of Congress.

2013

Amash ranked 219th in the conservative rankings in 2013.^[180]

2012

Amash ranked 185th in the liberal rankings in 2012.^[181]

2011

Amash ranked 192nd in the conservative rankings in 2012..^[182]

Voting with party

The websiteOpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Amash voted with the Republican Party77.7 percent of the time, which ranked 229th among the 234 House Republican members as of July 2014.Cite error: Invalid<ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

2013

Amash voted with the Republican Party78.6 percent of the time, which ranked last among the 233 House Republican members as of June 2013.Cite error: Invalid<ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

Lifetime voting record

See also:Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the websiteGovTrack, Amash missed 0 of 3,358 roll call votes from January 2011 to September 2015. This amounted to 0 percent, which was lower than the median of 2.2 percent among representatives as of September 2015.^[183]

Congressional staff salaries

See also:Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The websiteLegistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Amash paid his congressional staff a total of $792,266 in 2011. He ranked 45th on the list of the lowest paid Republican representative staff salaries and ranked 50th overall of the lowest paid representative staff salaries in 2011. Overall,Michigan ranked 13th in average salary for representative staff. The averageU.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.^[184]

2016 Republican National Convention

See also:Republican National Convention, 2016

Amash wasa delegate to the2016 Republican National Convention fromMichigan. Amash was one of 17 delegates from Michigan bound by state party rules to supportTed Cruz at the convention.^[185] Cruz suspended his campaign on May 3, 2016. At the time, he had approximately546 bound delegates. For more on what happened to his delegates, seethis page.

Delegate rules

See also:RNC delegate guidelines from Michigan, 2016 andRepublican delegates from Michigan, 2016

Delegates from Michigan to the Republican National Convention were elected at district conventions and at the state convention in April 2016. Michigan delegates were allowed to list their preferred candidate on their presidential preference form. 2016 Michigan GOP bylaws stipulate that delegates to the national convention werebound on the first ballot. Delegates bound to a particular candidate became unbound if that candidate publicly withdrew from the race, suspended his or her campaign, endorsed another candidate, or sought the nomination of a different party for any office.

Michigan primary results

See also:Presidential election in Michigan, 2016

Michigan Republican Primary, 2016
Candidate	Vote %	Votes	Delegates
Jeb Bush	0.8%	10,685	0
Ben Carson	1.6%	21,349	0
Chris Christie	0.2%	3,116	0
Ted Cruz	24.7%	326,617	17
Carly Fiorina	0.1%	1,415	0
Lindsey Graham	0%	438	0
Mike Huckabee	0.2%	2,603	0
John Kasich	24.3%	321,115	17
George Pataki	0%	591	0
Rand Paul	0.3%	3,774	0
Marco Rubio	9.3%	123,587	0
Rick Santorum	0.1%	1,722	0
Donald Trump	36.5%	483,753	25
Other	1.7%	22,824	0
Totals		1,323,589	59
Source:CNN andMichigan Secretary of State

Delegate allocation

See also:2016 presidential nominations: calendar and delegate rules

Michigan had 59 delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention. Of this total, 42 were district-level delegates (three for each of the state's 14 congressional districts). District delegates were allocated proportionally in accordance with the statewide vote; a candidate had to win at least 15% of the statewide vote in order to be eligible to receive any district delegates.^[186][187]

Of the remaining 17 delegates, 14 served at large. At-large delegates were allocated proportionally in accordance with the statewide vote; a candidate had to win at least 15% of the statewide vote in order to be eligible to receive any of the state's at-large delegates. In addition, three national party leaders (identified on the chart below as RNC delegates) served as bound delegates to the Republican National Convention.^[186][187]

Personal

Note: Pleasecontact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Amash lives in Cascade Charter Township with his wife, Kara, and their three children.^[188]

See also

2024 Elections

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External links

Footnotes