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J.D. Vance

From Ballotpedia
J.D. Vance
Vice President of the United States
Tenure
2025 - Present
Term ends
2029
Years in position
1
Predecessor:Kamala D. Harris (D)
Prior offices:
U.S. Senate Ohio
Years in office: 2023 - 2025
Predecessor:Rob Portman (R)
Successor:Jon Husted (R)
Compensation
Base salary
$174,000
Elections and appointments
Last election
November 5, 2024
Education
High school
Middletown High School, 2003
Bachelor's
The Ohio State University, 2009
Law
Yale University Law School, 2013
Military
Service / branch
U.S. Marine Corps
Years of service
2003 - 2007
Personal
Birthplace
Middletown, OH
Profession
Business executive
Contact

J.D. Vance (Republican Party) is the 50th vice president of the United States. He took office on January 20, 2025.

On July 15, 2024,Donald Trump (R) announced Vance as hisvice presidential running mate.[1] Trump said, "J.D. has had a very successful business career in Technology and Finance, and now, during the Campaign, will be strongly focused on the people he fought so brilliantly for, the American Workers and Farmers in Pennsylvania, Michigan, Wisconsin, Ohio, Minnesota, and far beyond..."[2] Vance officiallyaccepted the nomination at the2024 Republican National Convention.

Vance was theyoungest major party vice presidential nominee since 1952, when PresidentDwight Eisenhower (R) pickedRichard Nixon as his running mate.[3]

Vance was born in Middletown, Ohio, in 1984.[4] In 2016, he wroteHillbilly Elegy, a memoir about growing up in Middletown.[5] Netflix adapted the book into a movie in 2020.[6] Vance served in the U.S. Marine Corps from 2003 to 2007.[7] He attended Ohio State University from 2007 to 2009, graduating with a bachelor's degree in political science and philosophy.[8] In 2013, Vance graduated from Yale Law School with a law degree.[8]

Vance worked in venture capital in San Francisco and Washington D.C., before co-founding Narya, a venture capital firm, in 2020.[8][9]

Vance entered politics in July 2021, when he announced he would run for U.S. Senate to replace retiring Sen.Rob Portman (R). VancedefeatedTim Ryan (D) in the November 9, 2022, general election, winning 53% to 46.9%. Vance campaigned on bringing manufacturing back to Ohio, fixing the country's immigration system and completing the wall along the southern border, and breaking up large technology companies.[10] He said, "We really need people who are solving the big problems. We’ve had way too much time of politicians trying to tinker around the edges just trying to fix the superficial."[11] Trumpendorsed Vance in the race.[12]

Vance assumed office on January 3, 2023, and resigned on January 10, 2025. As a U.S. Senator, he voted against a bill authorizing $95 billion for military aid to Ukraine and Israel, though he said he supports Israel in its war against Hamas.[13][14] Vance said he opposes abortion and believes the states should decide the issue.[15] After a June 2024U.S. Supreme Court ruling in a caserelated to mifepristone, a drug used in medication abortions, Vance said he supported access to the drug.[16] Vance said those residing in the country without legal permission take jobs from U.S. workers and lower wages: "If you cannot hire illegal migrants to staff your hotels, then you have to go to one of the seven million prime-age American men who are out of the labor force and find some way to re-engage them."[17][18] In July 2023, Vance introducedThe Timely Departures Act, which would require foreign nationals to pay a cash bond of between $5,000 and $15,000 to the federal government in exchange for a temporary visa.[19][20]

In an interview with theNew York Times in 2024, Vance said, "Center-left liberals who are doing very well, and center-right conservatives who are doing very well, have an incredible blind spot about how much their success is built on a system that is not serving people who they should be serving."[17]

In March 2025, theRepublican National Committee announced that it had selected Vance to be its finance chair.[21] According toABC News, upon his selection, Vance became the first sitting vice president to hold the fundraising position.[22]


Biography

J.D. Vance was born in Middletown, Ohio.[23] Vance graduated from Middletown High School in Ohio in 2003.[24] He served in the U.S. Marine Corps from 2003 to 2007.[24][7]

Vance earned a B.A. in political science and philosophy from Ohio State University in 2009 and a J.D. from Yale University Law School in 2013.[7] His career experience includes co-founding Narya, founding Our Ohio Renewal, and working as an intern for Republican state senator Bob Schuler, a law clerk for U.S. SenatorJohn Cornyn and U.S. District Court for Kentucky's Eastern District JudgeDavid Bunning, a litigation associate with the Sidley Austin law firm, the director of operations at Circuit Therapeutics, a principal at Mithril Capital Management, a venture capitalist with Revolution, LLC, and an author.[24][7][25][26][27][28]


Elections

2024

Vice presidency

Donald Trump (R) announced Vance as his running mate on July 15, 2024. In a post on Truth Social Trump said, "After lengthy deliberation and thought, and considering the tremendous talents of many others, I have decided that the person best suited to assume the position of Vice President of the United States is Senator J.D. Vance of the Great State of Ohio. [...] J.D. has had a very successful business career in Technology and Finance, and now, during the Campaign, will be strongly focused on the people he fought so brilliantly for, the American Workers and Farmers in Pennsylvania, Michigan, Wisconsin, Ohio, Minnesota, and far beyond."[29]

Trump announced his presidential campaign on November 15, 2022. Click the links below to read more about the 2024 presidential election:


Presidential election, 2024
 
Candidate/Running mate
%
Popular votes
Electoral votes
✔
Image of
Image of
Donald Trump/J.D. Vance (R)
 
49.8
 
77,303,568312
Image of
Image of
Kamala D. Harris/Tim Walz (D)
 
48.3
 
75,019,230226
Image of
Jill Stein (multiple running mates) (G)
 
0.6
 
861,1640
Image of
Image of
Robert F. Kennedy Jr./Nicole Shanahan (Independent)
 
0.5
 
756,3930
Image of
Image of
Chase Oliver/Mike ter Maat (L)
 
0.4
 
650,1380
Image of
Image of
Claudia De La Cruz/Karina Garcia (Party for Socialism and Liberation)
 
0.1
 
165,1910
Image of
Image of
Cornel West/Melina Abdullah (Independent)
 
0.1
 
81,0840
Image of
Image of
Peter Sonski/Lauren Onak (American Solidarity Party)
 
0.0
 
41,8530
Image of
Image of
Randall Terry/Stephen E. Broden (Constitution Party)
 
0.0
 
41,2900
Image of
Image of
Shiva Ayyadurai/Crystal Ellis (Independent)
 
0.0
 
28,3990
Image of
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Richard Duncan/Mitchell Preston Bupp (Independent)
 
0.0
 
12,8050
Image of
Image of
Joel Skousen/Rik Combs (Constitution Party)
 
0.0
 
12,7860
Image of
Image of
Jay Bowman/De Bowman (Independent)
 
0.0
 
5,9710
Image of
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Christopher Garrity/Cody Ballard (Independent)
 
0.0
 
5,2940
Image of
Image of
Joseph Kishore/Jerry White (Socialist Equality Party)
 
0.0
 
4,6500
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Rachele Fruit (multiple running mates) (Socialist Workers Party)
 
0.0
 
4,1180
Image of
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Mattie Preston/Shannel Conner (Godliness, Truth, Justice)
 
0.0
 
2,8570
Image of
Lucifer Everylove (no running mate) (Unaffiliated)
 
0.0
 
2,6530
Image of
Image of
Blake Huber/Andrea Denault (Approval Voting Party)
 
0.0
 
2,1960
Image of
Image of
Michael Wood/John G. Pietrowski (Prohibition Party)
 
0.0
 
1,1440
Image of
Image of
Vermin Supreme/Jonathan Realz (Independent)
 
0.0
 
9140
Image of
Image of
Laura Ebke/Trisha Butler (Liberal Party)
 
0.0
 
8590
Image of
Image of
William P. Stodden/Stephanie H. Cholensky (Socialist Party)
 
0.0
 
3640
Image of
Image of
Robert Wells Jr./Tony Jones (Independent)
 
0.0
 
3590
 Other write-in votes
 
0.2
 
235,6730
Ballotpedia Logo

There were no incumbents in this race The results have been certified.

Total votes: 155,240,953

0 states have not been called.


2022

See also: United States Senate election in Ohio, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. Senate Ohio

The following candidates ran in the general election for U.S. Senate Ohio on November 8, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of J.D. Vance
J.D. Vance (R)
 
53.0
 
2,192,114
Image of Tim Ryan
Tim Ryan (D)
 
46.9
 
1,939,489
Image of John Cheng
John Cheng (Independent) (Write-in) Candidate Connection
 
0.0
 
702
Image of Shane Hoffman
Shane Hoffman (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
403
Image of LaShondra Tinsley
LaShondra Tinsley (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
362
Image of Stephen Faris
Stephen Faris (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
194
Matthew Esh (Independent) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
78

Ballotpedia Logo

There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 4,133,342
Candidate Connection = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Ohio

Tim Ryan defeatedMorgan Harper andTraci Johnson in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Ohio on May 3, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Tim Ryan
Tim Ryan
 
69.6
 
359,941
Image of Morgan Harper
Morgan Harper Candidate Connection
 
17.8
 
92,347
Image of Traci Johnson
Traci Johnson Candidate Connection
 
12.6
 
65,209

Ballotpedia Logo

There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 517,497
Candidate Connection = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. Senate Ohio

The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Ohio on May 3, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of J.D. Vance
J.D. Vance
 
32.2
 
344,736
Image of Josh Mandel
Josh Mandel
 
23.9
 
255,854
Image of Matt Dolan
Matt Dolan
 
23.3
 
249,239
Image of Mike Gibbons
Mike Gibbons
 
11.7
 
124,653
Image of Jane Timken
Jane Timken
 
5.9
 
62,779
Mark Pukita Candidate Connection
 
2.1
 
22,692
Image of Neil Patel
Neil Patel Candidate Connection
 
0.9
 
9,873

Ballotpedia Logo

There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 1,069,826
Candidate Connection = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Campaign themes

2022

J.D. Vance did not completeBallotpedia's 2022 Candidate Connection survey.

Notable endorsements

See also:Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia'scoverage scope.

Notable candidate endorsements by J.D. Vance
EndorseeElectionStageOutcome
Cory Bowman  source  (Nonpartisan)Mayor of Cincinnati (2025)Primary, GeneralLost General
Donald Trump  source  (Conservative Party, R)President of the United States (2024)PrimaryWon General
Blake Masters  source  (R)U.S. House Arizona District 8 (2024)PrimaryLost Primary
J.R. Majewski  source U.S. House Ohio District 9 (2024)PrimaryWithdrew in Primary
Riley Moore  source  (R)U.S. House West Virginia District 2 (2024)PrimaryWon General
Kari Lake  source  (R)U.S. Senate Arizona (2024)PrimaryLost General
Jim Banks  source  (R)U.S. Senate Indiana (2024)PrimaryWon General
Tim Sheehy  source  (R)U.S. Senate Montana (2024)PrimaryWon General
Bernie Moreno  source 1  source 2  (R)U.S. Senate Ohio (2024)Primary, GeneralWon General

Congressional tenure

Key votes

See also:Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, clickhere.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

The118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, and ended on January 3, 2025. At the start of the session, Republicans held the majority in theU.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in theU.S. Senate (51-49).Joe Biden (D) was the president andKamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below usingCongress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025
VoteBill and descriptionStatus
Red x.svg Nay
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024
 
The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (H.R. 2670) was a bill passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on December 22, 2023, authorizingDepartment of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2024. The bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.[30]
Yes check.svg Passed (87-13)[31]
Red x.svg Nay
Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024
 
The Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024 (H.R. 6363) was a bill passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on November 17, 2023, providing for the funding of federal agencies through January 19, 2024. The bill prevented a government shutdown that would have taken place if funding was not approved by November 17, 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.[32]
Yes check.svg Passed (87-11)[33]
Red x.svg Nay
Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act
 
The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 5860) was a bill approved by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on September 30, 2023, providing for the funding of federal agencies through November 17, 2023. The bill prevented a government shutdown that would have taken place if funding was not approved by October 1, 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.[34]
Yes check.svg Passed (88-9)[35]
Red x.svg Nay
Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023
 
TheFiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (H.R. 3746) was a bill passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on June 3, 2023. The bill raised the federal debt limit until January 2025. The bill also capped non-defense spending in fiscal year 2024, rescinded unspent coronavirus relief funding, rescinded some Internal Revenue Service (IRS) funding, enhanced work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program (TANF), simplified environmental reviews for energy projects, and ended the student loan debt repayment pause in August 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.[36]Click here to read more.
Yes check.svg Passed (63-36)[37]
Yes check.svg Yea
Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.
 
H.J.Res. 7 (Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of theCongressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on April 10, 2023. The resolution ended thenational coronavirus state of emergency, which began on March 13, 2020. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.[38]Click here to read more.
Yes check.svg Passed (68-23)[39]
Yes check.svg Yea
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'".
 
H.J.Res. 44 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of theCongressional Review Act (CRA) passed by theHouse of Representatives and voted down by theSenate. The bill sought to nullify aBureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) rule establishing criteria to determine whether firearms equipped with stabilizing braces that facilitate shoulder fire were subject to regulation under the National Firearms Act. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.[40]
Red x.svg Failed (50-49)[41]
Yes check.svg Yea
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".
 
H.J.Res. 30 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of theCongressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the118th Congress andvetoed by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on March 20, 2023. This was Biden's first veto of his presidency. The resolution sought to nullify aDepartment of Labor rule that amended the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) to allow retirement plans to consider certainenvironmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) factors in investment-related decisions. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.[42]Click here to read more.
Yes check.svg Passed (50-46)[43]
Not Voting
The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023
 
The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 (H.R. 82) was a bill passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on January 5, 2025, that reduced Social Security benefits for individuals who received other pensions from state or local governments. It also eliminated an offset that would reduce benefits for spouses and widows of individuals with government pensions. It also eliminated a provision that reduced benefits for an individual who received a pension or disability benefit from an employer that did not withhold Social Security taxes. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.[44]
Yes check.svg Passed (76-20)[45]
Red x.svg Nay
Consolidated Appropriations Act 2024
 
The Consolidated Appropriations Act 2024 (H.R. 4366) was a bill passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on March 9, 2024, authorizing appropriations for various government departments for the fiscal year 2024. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.[46]
Yes check.svg Passed (75-22)[47]
Yes check.svg Yea
FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024
 
The FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 (H.R. 3935) was a bill passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on May 16, 2024, that reauthorized Federal Aviation Administration funding until fiscal year 2028. The bill also made other modifications to address various department-related issues. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.[48]
Yes check.svg Passed (88-4)[49]
Red x.svg Nay
Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors (dismissal of first article)
 
H.Res.863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors, passed the U.S. House on February 13, 2024. The resolution impeached U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas for high crimes and misdemeanors. The motion to impeach required a majority in the House and a 2/3rds vote in the Senate.[50]
Yes check.svg Passed (51-48)[51]
Red x.svg Nay
Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors (dismissal of second article)
 
H.Res.863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors, passed the U.S. House on February 13, 2024. The resolution impeached U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas for high crimes and misdemeanors. The motion to impeach required a majority in the House and a 2/3rds vote in the Senate.[52]
Yes check.svg Passed (51-49)[53]
Red x.svg Nay
Making emergency supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes.
 
H.R. 815, Making emergency supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes, was passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on April 24, 2024, appropriating foreign aid to Israel, Taiwan, and Ukraine. The bill also mandated the company ByteDance divested from TikTok or the app would be removed from the U.S. This bill required a majority vote.[54]
Yes check.svg Passed (79-18)[55]
Red x.svg Nay
Border Act of 2024
 
The Border Act of 2024 (S.4361) was voted down in theU.S. Senate on April 23, 2024. The bill would have expanded the Department of Homeland Security's capabilities of handling individuals entering/residing in the country without permission. It would have expanded the Department's capabilities at the border. It required 3/5ths of the vote to pass cloture.[56]
Red x.svg Failed (43-50)[57]
Not Voting
Right to IVF Act
 
S.4445, the Right to IVF Act, was voted down in theU.S. Senate on September 17, 2024. The bill would have codified access to in vitro fertilization (IVF) into law. This bill required a 3/5ths majority vote to pass cloture.[58]
Red x.svg Failed (51-44)[59]
Not Voting
Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025
 
H.R.9747, the Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025, was passed by the118th Congress and signed into law by PresidentJoe Biden (D) on September 26, 2024, providing funding to federal agencies, including the Secret Service, and federal programs for the 2025 fiscal year. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.[60]
Yes check.svg Passed (78-18)[61]
Not Voting
Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024
 
The Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 (H.R.7024) was a bill passed by theU.S. House on January 31, 2024, that would have modified the U.S. tax code, increasing how much money can be given back in credits and what is exempt. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.[62]
Red x.svg Failed (48-44)[63]


Committee assignments

U.S. Senate

2023-2024

Vance was assigned to the following committees:

See also


External links

Candidate

Vice President of the United States

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    • Footnotes

    1. ↑Politico, "Trump taps Ohio Sen. J.D. Vance to be his vice president," July 15, 2024
    2. ↑Morningstar, "Trump picks J.D. Vance as his running mate, adding venture-capital experience to GOP ticket," July 15, 2024
    3. ↑Washington Examiner, "Trump taps JD Vance as 2024 vice presidential nominee," July 15, 2024
    4. ↑United States Senator for Ohio, "J.D. Vance," accessed July 15, 2024
    5. ↑Los Angeles Times, "Trump picks Ohio Sen. J.D. Vance, ‘Hillbilly Elegy’ author, as running mate," July 15, 2024
    6. ↑TBR Newsmedia, "Movie Review: Ron Howard directs A-list cast in Netflix’s ‘Hillbilly Elegy’," December 12, 2020
    7. ↑7.07.17.27.3LinkedIn, "JD Vance," accessed November 27, 2022
    8. ↑8.08.18.2LinkedIn, "J.D. Vance personal LinkedIn profile," accessed July 15, 2024
    9. ↑Axios, "J.D. Vance launches VC fund for startups beyond Silicon Valley," January 9, 2020
    10. ↑Spectrum News 1, "In-depth: Ohio Senate candidate J.D. Vance talks platform, issues," January 21, 2022
    11. ↑WKBN, "JD Vance, Tim Ryan answer hot questions in one-on-one interviews," June 22, 2022
    12. ↑Axios, "Trump endorses J.D. Vance in Ohio Senate race," April 15, 2022
    13. ↑WFMJ, "Senators Vance, Sanders vote against Ukraine-Israeli aid," April 24, 2024
    14. ↑The Jerusalem Post, "Trump's running mate JD Vance: 'I'll be as strong an advocate for US-Israel relationship as anyone'," July 15, 2023
    15. ↑Cincinnati.com, "Q&A: Ohio Senate candidate J.D. Vance talks 2020 election, opioids and state of GOP," October 12, 2022
    16. ↑GOP Sen. JD Vance says he supports access to abortion pill mifepristone," July 7, 2024
    17. ↑17.017.1New York Times, "What J.D. Vance Believes," June 13, 2024
    18. ↑MSNBC, "Why J.D. Vance’s extreme new immigration proposal would hurt America," July 31, 2023
    19. ↑SCRIBD, "The Timely Departure Act," accessed July 15, 2024
    20. ↑J.D. Vance U.S. Senate website, "Senator Vance Introduces Legislation to CRack Down on Illegal Visa Overstays," July 27, 2023
    21. ↑New York Times, "Vance to Lead G.O.P. Fund-Raising, an Apparent First for a Vice President," March 18, 2025
    22. ↑ABC News, "Vance, possible 2028 candidate, viewed by supporters as Trump's 'enforcer' with midterm 1 year away," November 7, 2025
    23. ↑JD Vance for Senate Inc., "About," accessed November 27, 2022
    24. ↑24.024.124.2Washington Speakers Bureau, "J.D. Vance," accessed June 7, 2017
    25. ↑LinkedIn, "J.D. Vance," accessed June 7, 2017
    26. ↑Axios, "Hillbilly Elegy author J.D. Vance has a new job," accessed June 29, 2017
    27. ↑Revolution, LLC., "J.D. Vance," accessed June 29, 2017
    28. ↑Our Ohio Renewal, "Home," accessed June 29, 2017
    29. ↑Truth Social, "Trump on July 15, 2024," accessed July 15, 2024
    30. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.2670 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024," accessed February 27, 2024
    31. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 2670 )," accessed May 15, 2025
    32. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.6363 - Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024," accessed February 27, 2024
    33. ↑Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 6363)," accessed May 15, 2025
    34. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.5860 - Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act," accessed February 27, 2024
    35. ↑Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 5860)," accessed May 15, 2025
    36. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.3746 - Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023," accessed February 27, 2024
    37. ↑Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 3746)," accessed May 15, 2025
    38. ↑Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.7 - Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020." accessed February 23, 2024
    39. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (H.J. Res. 7)," accessed May 15, 2025
    40. ↑Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.44 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'"" accessed February 28, 2024
    41. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (H.J. Res. 44)," accessed May 15, 2025
    42. ↑Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.30 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to 'Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights'." accessed February 23, 2024
    43. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (H.J. Res. 30)," accessed May 15, 2025
    44. ↑Congress.gov, "Social Security Fairness Act of 2023." accessed February 13, 2025
    45. ↑Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 82)," accessed May 15, 2025
    46. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.4366 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024," accessed February 13, 2025
    47. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Schumer Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 4366)," accessed May 15, 2025
    48. ↑Congress.gov, "FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024," accessed February 13, 2025
    49. ↑Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 3935, As Amended)," accessed May 15, 2025
    50. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.863- Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors." accessed February 13, 2025
    51. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Point of Order (Is the Schumer Constitutional Point of Order Against Article I Well Taken)," accessed May 15, 2025
    52. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.863- Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors." accessed February 13, 2025
    53. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Point of Order (Is the Schumer Constitutional Point of Order Against Article II Well Taken)," accessed May 15, 2025
    54. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.815 - Making emergency supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes." accessed February 13, 2025
    55. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 815)," accessed May 15, 2025
    56. ↑Congress.gov, "S.4361 - Border Act of 2024" accessed February 13, 2025
    57. ↑Senate.gov, "On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Motion to Proceed to S. 4361)," accessed May 15, 2025
    58. ↑Congress.gov, "S.4445 - Right to IVF Act," accessed February 13, 2025
    59. ↑Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Motion to Proceed to S. 4445, Upon Reconsideration)," accessed May 15, 2025
    60. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.9747 - Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025" accessed February 13, 2025
    61. ↑Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 9747)," accessed May 15, 2025
    62. ↑Congress.gov, "H.R.7024 - Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024," accessed February 13, 2025
    63. ↑Senate.gov, "On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to H.R. 7024)," accessed May 15, 2025

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