Governor of Alabama
| Alabama Governor | |
 | |
| General information | |
| Office Type: | Partisan |
| Office website: | Official Link |
| Compensation: | $131,800 |
| 2025 FY Budget: | $5,998,428 |
| Term limits: | Two consecutive terms |
| Structure | |
| Length of term: | 4 years |
| Authority: | Constitution of Alabama, Article V, Section 113 |
| Selection Method: | Elected |
| Current Officeholder(s) | |
Governor of Alabama Kay Ivey | |
| Elections | |
| Next election: | 2026 |
| Last election: | 2022 |
| Other Alabama Executive Offices | |
| Governor •Lieutenant Governor •Secretary of State •Attorney General •Treasurer •Auditor •Superintendent of Education •Agriculture Commissioner •Insurance Commissioner •Natural Resources Commissioner •Labor Commissioner •Public Service Commission | |
TheGovernor of the State of Alabama is an elected constitutional officer, the head of the executive branch, and the highest state office inAlabama. The governor is popularly elected every four years by a simple majority and is limited to two consecutive terms. Alabama's original constitution ratified in 1819 made the gubernatorial term of office two years. The1901 constitution extended the term to four years and, after Amendment 282 was passed in 1968, allowed a governor to succeed himself or herself once.
Alabama has a Republicantrifecta. The Republican Party controls the office of governor and both chambers of the state legislature.
Alabama has a Republicantriplex. The Republican Party controls the offices of governor, secretary of state, and attorney general.
Current officeholder
The current Governor of Alabama isKay Ivey (R). Ivey assumed office in 2017.
Authority
Thestate constitution establishes the office of the governor inArticle V, the Executive Department.
Constitution of Alabama, Article V, Section 113
The supreme executive power of this state shall be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled "The Governor of the State of Alabama. |
Qualifications
The governor may not hold any federal or state office in Alabama concurrently with his or her gubernatorial term. Additionally, the governor must be at least 30 years old, an American citizen for at least 10 years on the date of the election and a resident of Alabama for at least seven years.
Constitution of Alabama, Article V, Section 116
The governor, lieutenant governor, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary of state, state treasurer, superintendent of education, commissioner of agriculture and industries, elected after the ratification of this Constitution, shall hold their respective offices for the term of four years from the first Monday after the second Tuesday in January next succeeding their election, and until their successors shall be elected and qualified. |
Constitution of Alabama, Article V, Section 117
The governor and lieutenant governor shall each be at least thirty years of age when elected, and shall have been citizens of the United States ten years and resident citizens of this state at least seven years next before the date of their election. |
Elections
- See also:Gubernatorial election cycles by state
- See also:Election of governors
PerSection 114 of thestate constitution, Alabama elects its governors during federal midterm election years (e.g. 2018, 2022, 2026, 2030, and 2034).Section 116 sets the governor's inauguration for the first Monday after the second Tuesday in the January following an election.
Constitution of Alabama, Article V, Section 114
| The governor, lieutenant governor, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary of state, state treasurer, superintendent of education, and commissioner of agriculture and industries shall be elected by the qualified electors of the state at the same time and places appointed for the election of members of the legislature in the year nineteen hundred and two, and in every fourth year thereafter. |
Constitution of Alabama, Article V, Section 116
| The governor, lieutenant governor, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary of state, state treasurer, superintendent of education, commissioner of agriculture and industries, elected after the ratification of this Constitution, shall hold their respective offices for the term of four years from the first Monday after the second Tuesday in January next succeeding their election, and until their successors shall be elected and qualified. |
Term limits
Alabama governors are restricted to two consecutive terms in office, after which they must wait one term before being eligible to run again.
Alabama Constitution of 1901, Amendment 282 (to Section 116)
| [The Governor] shall be eligible to succeed himself in office, but no person shall be eligible to succeed himself for more than one additional term. |
Partisan composition
The chart below shows the partisan breakdown of Alabama governors from 1992 to 2013.
Election results
See also: Alabama gubernatorial election, 2030
There are noofficial candidates yet for this election.
See also: Alabama gubernatorial election, 2026
General election
The primary will occur on May 19, 2026. The general election will occur on November 3, 2026. General election candidates will be added here following the primary.
General election for Governor of Alabama
Ronald Burnette Jr. (Independent) is running in the general election for Governor of Alabama on November 3, 2026.
Candidate | ||
 | Ronald Burnette Jr. (Independent) (Write-in)  | |
| There are noincumbents in this race. | |||
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Democratic primary
Democratic primary for Governor of Alabama
The following candidates are running in the Democratic primary for Governor of Alabama on May 19, 2026.
| There are noincumbents in this race. | |||
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Republican primary
Republican primary for Governor of Alabama
Ken McFeeters (R),Will Santivasci (R), andTommy Tuberville (R) are running in the Republican primary for Governor of Alabama on May 19, 2026.
| There are noincumbents in this race. | |||
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See also: Alabama gubernatorial election, 2022
General election
General election for Governor of Alabama
IncumbentKay Ivey (R) defeatedYolanda Flowers (D),James Blake (L), andJared Budlong (Independent) in the general election for Governor of Alabama on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Kay Ivey (R) | 66.9 | 946,932 |
 | Yolanda Flowers (D) | 29.2 | 412,961 | |
 | James Blake (L) | 3.2 | 45,958 | |
 | Jared Budlong (Independent) (Write-in) | 0.0 | 0 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.7% | 9,432 | ||
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 1,415,283 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Democratic primary runoff
Democratic primary runoff for Governor of Alabama
Yolanda Flowers (D) defeatedMalika Sanders-Fortier (D) in the Democratic primary runoff for Governor of Alabama on June 21, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Yolanda Flowers | 55.1 | 32,529 |
 | Malika Sanders-Fortier | 44.9 | 26,469 | |
| There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 58,998 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
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Democratic primary
Democratic primary for Governor of Alabama
The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for Governor of Alabama on May 24, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Yolanda Flowers | 33.9 | 56,991 |
| ✔ | | Malika Sanders-Fortier | 32.5 | 54,699 |
 | Patricia Jamieson | 11.7 | 19,691 | |
 | Arthur Kennedy | 9.3 | 15,630 | |
 | Doug Smith | 7.1 | 11,861 | |
 | Chad Chig Martin | 5.6 | 9,352 | |
| There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 168,224 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
Republican primary
Republican primary for Governor of Alabama
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for Governor of Alabama on May 24, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Kay Ivey | 54.5 | 357,069 |
 | Lynda Blanchard | 19.2 | 126,202 | |
 | Tim James | 16.2 | 106,181 | |
 | Lew Burdette | 6.5 | 42,924 | |
 | Dean Odle | 1.8 | 11,767 | |
| Donald Jones | 0.6 | 3,821 | ||
| Dave Thomas | 0.4 | 2,886 | ||
 | Stacy George | 0.4 | 2,546 | |
 | Dean Young | 0.4 | 2,356 | |
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 655,752 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Jim Zeigler (R)
General election
General election for Governor of Alabama
IncumbentKay Ivey (R) defeatedWalt Maddox (D) in the general election for Governor of Alabama on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Kay Ivey (R) | 59.5 | 1,022,457 |
 | Walt Maddox (D) | 40.4 | 694,495 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.2% | 2,637 | ||
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 1,719,589 (100% precincts reporting) | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
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Democratic primary
Democratic primary for Governor of Alabama
The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for Governor of Alabama on June 5, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Walt Maddox | 54.6 | 154,850 |
 | Sue Bell Cobb | 29.0 | 82,236 | |
 | James C. Fields | 8.0 | 22,683 | |
| Anthony White | 3.4 | 9,719 | ||
| Doug Smith | 3.3 | 9,274 | |
 | Christopher Countryman | 1.7 | 4,943 | |
| There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. | Total votes: 283,705 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Republican primary
Republican primary for Governor of Alabama
IncumbentKay Ivey (R) defeatedTommy Battle (R),Scott Dawson (R),Bill Hightower (R), andMichael McAllister (R) in the Republican primary for Governor of Alabama on June 5, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Kay Ivey | 56.1 | 331,739 |
 | Tommy Battle | 24.9 | 147,207 | |
 | Scott Dawson | 13.5 | 79,546 | |
 | Bill Hightower | 5.0 | 29,367 | |
| Michael McAllister | 0.6 | 3,340 | ||
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. | Total votes: 591,199 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Slade Blackwell (R)
Vacancies
Details of vacancy appointments are addressed underArticle V, Sections 127 and 128 of thestate constitution.
In the event that the elected governor is unable to complete his or her term, theLieutenant Governor of Alabama succeeds him or her. The lieutenant governor also becomes acting governor at any time when the elected governor is unable to discharge the office for 20 consecutive days. BecauseAlabama elects its governor and lieutenant governor on separate tickets, it is theoretically possible for the governorship of the state to change parties without an election occurring.
Any two other constitutional officers, excluding the individual who would succeed the governor, may also file an affidavit with thestate supreme court declaring that the sitting governor is of unsound mind. In this situation, the court determines whether the governor is mentally competent to exercise the office.
Duties
Thegovernor is responsible for upholding theAlabama Constitution and executing state law. The governor also is commander-in-chief of the state's military forces including the Alabama Army National Guard and Alabama Air National Guard, which are part of the National Guard of the United States, and the Alabama State Defense Force, which is the State Defense Forces. As commander-in-chief, the governor may call out the state's military forces to preserve the public peace when it is not in active service of the United States.
At least once every legislative session, the governor is required to deliver an address to thestate legislature, referred to as the "State of the State Address," regarding the condition and operation of the state government and to suggest new legislation.
Other duties and privileges of the office include:
- seeing that all laws of the state are faithfully executed.
- overseeing other state executive officers and agencies.
- convening extraordinary sessions of the legislature.
- presenting a budget for the state to the legislature.
- remitting fines and forfeitures and granting reprieves, paroles, commutations of sentence and pardons
- exercising a veto over bills
Divisions
- Updated January 13, 2021
The governor's office includes a number of individual divisions:[1]
- Accounting
- Administration
- Appointments
- Chief of Staff
- Communications
- Constituent Services
- Executive Office
- Governor's Mansion
- Legal
- Legislative Affairs
- Scheduling
- Policy
State budget
Role in state budget
- See also:Alabama state budget and finances
The state operates on an annual budget cycle. Alabama's fiscal year runs from October 1 and ends September 30 of the following year. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[2]
- InSeptember of the year preceding the start of the new fiscal year, budget instructions are sent to state agencies.
- InNovember, agencies submit their budget requests to thegovernor.
- Bythe second legislative day of each regular session of the legislature, the governor must submit his or her proposed budget to thestate legislature. These dates vary from session to session, occurring as early as January and as late as March.
- The legislature adopts a budget betweenFebruary andMay. It must pass with a simple majority.
The governor is required to submit a balanced budget to the legislature. In turn, the legislature must pass a balanced budget.[2]
Alabama is one of 44 states in which the governor hasline item veto authority.[2][3]
Governor's office budget
The budget for the governor's office in Fiscal Year 2025 was $5,998,428.[4]
Compensation
The salary of the governor is established by theAlabama State Legislature, as required by constitutional provision.[5]Article V, Section 118 of thestate constitution requires that changes in compensation take effect in the term after they were passed.
Alabama Constitution, Article V, Section 118
| The governor, lieutenant governor, attorney-general, state auditor, secretary of state, state treasurer, superintendent of education, and commissioner of agriculture and industries, shall receive compensation to be fixed by law, which shall not be increased or diminished during the term for which they shall have been elected, and shall, except the lieutenant governor, reside at the state capital during the time they continue in office, except during epidemics. |
2023
In 2023, the officer's salary was $131,800, according to theCouncil of State Governments.[6]
2022
In 2022, the officer's salary was $124,563, according to theCouncil of State Governments.[7]
2021
In 2021, the governor received a salary of $124,563, according to theCouncil of State Governments.[8]
2020
In 2020, the governor's salary was $127,833 according to theCouncil of State Governments.[9]
2019
In 2019, the governor's salary was $120,395 according to theCouncil of State Governments.[10]
2018
In 2018, the governor's salary was $120,395 according to theCouncil of State Governments.[11]
2017
In 2017, the governor's salary was $120,395 according to theCouncil of State Governments.[12]
2016
In 2016, the governor's salary was $120,395. However, Gov.Robert Bentley refused to accept his salary until the state's unemployment rate decreased, according to theCouncil of State Governments.[13]
2015
In 2015, the governor's salary was $120,395. However, Gov.Robert Bentley refused to accept his salary until the state's unemployment rate decreased, according to theCouncil of State Governments.[14]
2014
In 2014, the governor's salary was $119,950. However, Gov.Robert Bentley refused to accept his salary until the state's unemployment rate decreased, according to theCouncil of State Governments.[15]
2013
In 2013, the governor's salary was $119,950. However, Gov.Robert Bentley refused to accept his salary until the state's unemployment rate decreased.[16]
2012
In 2012, the governor's salary was$120,936.
Historical officeholders
There have been 54 governors since 1819. Of the 54 officeholders, 45 were Democrat, seven were Republicans, one was Pre-War Whig, and one was a Democrat/Whig.[17][18][19]
| # | Name | Term | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | William Wyatt Bibb | December 14, 1819-July 10, 1820 | Democratic |
| 2 | Thomas Bibb | July 10, 1820-November 9, 1821 | Democratic |
| 3 | Israel Pickens | November 9, 1821-November 25, 1825 | Democratic |
| 4 | John Murphy | November 25, 1825-November 25, 1829 | Democratic |
| 5 | Gabriel Moore | November 25, 1829-March 3, 1831 | Democratic |
| 6 | Samuel B. Moore | March 3, 1831-November 26, 1831 | Democratic |
| 7 | John Gayle | November 26, 1831-November 21, 1835 | Democrat/Whig |
| 8 | Clement Comer Clay | November 21, 1835-July 17, 1837 | Democratic |
| 9 | Hugh McVay | July 17, 1837-November 30. 1837 | Democratic |
| 10 | Arthur P. Bagby | November 30, 1837-November 22, 1841 | Democratic |
| 11 | Benjamin Fitzpatrick | November 22, 1841-December 10, 1845 | Democratic |
| 12 | Joshua L. Martin | December 10, 1845-December 16, 1847 | Democratic |
| 13 | Reuben Champman | December 16, 1847-December 17, 1849 | Democratic |
| 14 | Henry W. Collier | December 17, 1849-December 20, 1853 | Democratic |
| 15 | John A. Winston | December 20, 1853-December 1, 1857 | Democratic |
| 16 | Andrew B. Moore | December 1, 1857-December 2, 1861 | Democratic |
| 17 | John G. Shorter | December 2, 1861-December 1, 1863 | Democratic |
| 18 | Thomas H. Watts | December 1, 1863-May 1, 1865 | Democratic |
| 19 | Lewis E. Parsons | June 21, 1865-December 13, 1865 | Democratic |
| 20 | Robert M. Patton | December 13, 1865-July 24, 1868 | Pre-War Whig |
| Military | Wager Swayne | March 2, 1867-July 14, 1868 | None |
| 21 | William Hugh Smith | July 24, 1868-November 26, 1870 | Republican |
| 22 | Robert B. Lindsay | November 26. 1870-November 17, 1872 | Democratic |
| 23 | David P. Lewis | November 17, 1872-November 24, 1874 | Republican |
| 24 | George S. Houston | November 24, 1874-November 28. 1878 | Democratic |
| 25 | Rufus W. Cobb | November 28, 1878-December 1, 1882 | Democratic |
| 26 | Edward A. O'Neal | December 1, 1882-December 1, 1886 | Democratic |
| 27 | Thomas Seay | December 1, 1886-December 1, 1890 | Democratic |
| 28 | Thomas G. Jones | December 1, 1890-Decmeber 1, 1894 | Democratic |
| 29 | William C. Oates | December 1, 1894-December 1, 1896 | Democratic |
| 30 | Joseph F. Johnston | December 1, 1896-December 1, 1900 | Democratic |
| Acting | William D. Jelks | December 1, 1900-December 26, 1900 | Democratic |
| 31 | William J. Samford | December 1, 1900-June 11, 1901 | Democratic |
| 32 | William Dorsey Jelks | June 11, 1901-January 14, 1907 | Democratic |
| Acting | Russell M. Cunningham | April 25, 1904-March 5, 1905 | Democratic |
| 33 | Braxton B. Comer | January 14, 1907-January 17, 1911 | Democratic |
| 34 | Emmet O'Neal | January 17, 1911-January 18, 1915 | Democratic |
| 35 | Charles Henderson | January 18, 1915-January 20, 1919 | Democratic |
| 36 | Thomas E. Kilby | January 20, 1919-January 15, 1923 | Democratic |
| 37 | William W. Brandon | January 15, 1923-January 17. 1927 | Democratic |
| Acting | Charles S. McDowell, Jr. | July 10, 1924-July 11, 1924 | Democratic |
| 38 | David Bibb Graves | January 17, 1927-January 19, 1931, January 14, 1935-January 17, 1939 | Democratic |
| 39 | Benjamin Meek Miller | January 19, 1931-January 14, 1935 | Democratic |
| 40 | Frank M. Dixon | January 17, 1939-January 19, 1943 | Democratic |
| 41 | Chauncey Sparks | January 19, 1943-January 20, 1947 | Democratic |
| 42 | Jim Folsom, Sr. | January 20, 1947-January 15, 1951, January 17, 1955-January 19, 1959 | Democratic |
| 43 | Seth Gordon Persons | January 15, 1951-January 17, 1955 | Democratic |
| 44 | John M. Patterson | January 19, 1959-January 14, 1963 | Democratic |
| 45 | George Wallace | January 14, 1963-January 16, 1967, January 18, 1971-January 15, 1979, January 17, 1983-January 19, 1987 | Democratic |
| 46 | Lurleen B. Wallace | January 16, 1967-May 7, 1968 | Democratic |
| 47 | Albert P. Brewer | May 7, 1968-January 18, 1971 | Democratic |
| Acting | Jere Beasley | June 5, 1972-July 7. 1972 | Democratic |
| 48 | Fob James | January 15, 1979-January 17, 1983, January 16, 1995-January 18, 1999 | Democratic |
| 49 | H. Guy Hunt | January 19, 1987-April 22, 1993 | Republican |
| 50 | Jim Folsom, Jr. | April 22, 1993-January 16, 1995 | Democratic |
| 51 | Don Siegelman | January 18, 1999-January 20, 2003 | Democratic |
| 52 | Bob Riley | January 20, 2003-January 17, 2011 | Republican |
| 53 | Robert J. Bentley | January 17, 2011-April 10, 2017 | Republican |
| 54 | Kay Ivey | April 10, 2017-Present | Republican |
History
Partisan balance 1992-2013
From 1992-2013, Alabama had Democratic governors in office for six years while there were Republican governors in office for 16 years, including the previous 11. Alabama was under Republicantrifectas for the last three years of the study period.
Across the country, there were 493 years of Democratic governors (44.82%) and 586 years of Republican governors (53.27%) from 1992 to 2013.
Over the course of the 22-year study, state governments became increasingly more partisan. At the outset of the study period (1992), 18 of the 49 states with partisan legislatures had single-party trifectas and 31 states had divided governments. In 2013, only 13 states had divided governments, while single-party trifectas held sway in 36 states, the most in the 22 years studied.
The chart below shows the partisan composition of theOffice of the Governor of Alabama, theAlabama State Senate and theAlabama House of Representatives from 1992 to 2013.
.PNG)
SQLI and partisanship
The chart below depicts the partisanship of the Alabama state government and the state's SQLI ranking for the years studied. For the SQLI, the states were ranked from 1-50, with 1 being the best and 50 the worst. Between the years 1993-1994 and 1999-2002, Alabama had Democratic trifectas, and since 2011, Alabama has had a Republican trifecta. In every remaining year between 1992 and 2012, Alabama had a Republican governor with a Democratic legislature. In every year of the study, Alabama ranked in the bottom-10 on the SQLI ranking. Its lowest ranking occurred during the Democratic trifectas of 1999 and 2000 (46th), while the state’s highest ranking occurred during the divided government years of 2005 and 2006 (41st).
- SQLI average with Democratic trifecta: 44.33
- SQLI average with Republican trifecta: 43.50
- SQLI average with divided government: 42.83
State profile
| Demographic data for Alabama | ||
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | U.S. | |
| Total population: | 4,853,875 | 316,515,021 |
| Land area (sq mi): | 50,645 | 3,531,905 |
| Race and ethnicity** | ||
| White: | 68.8% | 73.6% |
| Black/African American: | 26.4% | 12.6% |
| Asian: | 1.2% | 5.1% |
| Native American: | 0.5% | 0.8% |
| Pacific Islander: | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Two or more: | 1.7% | 3% |
| Hispanic/Latino: | 4% | 17.1% |
| Education | ||
| High school graduation rate: | 84.3% | 86.7% |
| College graduation rate: | 23.5% | 29.8% |
| Income | ||
| Median household income: | $43,623 | $53,889 |
| Persons below poverty level: | 23.3% | 11.3% |
| Source:U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015) Clickhere for more information on the 2020 census andhere for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Alabama. **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the censushere. | ||
Presidential voting pattern
Alabamavoted Republican in all seven presidential elections between 2000 and 2024.
More Alabama coverage on Ballotpedia
- Elections in Alabama
- United States congressional delegations from Alabama
- Public policy in Alabama
- Endorsers in Alabama
- Alabama fact checks
- More...
Contact information
Physical address:
State Capitol
600 Dexter Avenue
Montgomery, Alabama 36130
Phone: (334) 242-7100
Fax: (334) 353-0004
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑Office of the Alabama Governor, "Staff," accessed January 13, 2021
- ↑2.02.12.2National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023
- ↑National Conference of State Legislatures, "Separation of Powers: Executive Veto Powers," accessed January 26, 2024
- ↑Alabama Department of Finance, "Act 2024-355," accessed January 15, 2025
- ↑FindLaw, "ALA CODE § 36-6-8 : Alabama Code - Section 36-6-8: SALARIES OF CONSTITUTIONAL OFFICERS, PERSONS NOT COVERED BY MERIT SYSTEM AND PERSONS WHOSE SALARY NOT SET BY GOVERNOR," accessed January 13, 2021
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Book of the States 2023 Table 4.11: Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries," accessed January 15, 2025
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Book of the States 2022 Table 4.11: Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries," provided to Ballotpedia by CSG personnel
- ↑Issuu, "The Book of the States 2021," accessed September 22, 2022
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2020," accessed May 20, 2021
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2019," accessed January 13, 2020
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2018," accessed January 13, 2020
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2017," accessed January 13, 2020
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2016," accessed January 13, 2020
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2015," accessed January 13, 2020
- ↑Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries," accessed January 13, 2020
- ↑Council of State Governments, "CSG Releases 2013 Governor Salaries,"January 13, 2020
- ↑Netstate, "Former Alabama State Governors," accessed January 13, 2020
- ↑National Governors Association, "Former Alabama Governors," accessed January 13, 2020
- ↑Alabama Department of Archives and History, "Alabama Governors," accessed January 13, 2020
