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Election results, 2024: U.S. House

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Election analysis

Mixed-party election outcomes
Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election
New members elected to Congress
Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses
Congressional margin of victory analysis
Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer
Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections
State legislative veto-proof majorities
State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes
State legislative margin of victory analysis
State legislative seats that changed party control
Minor party candidates who won more than the margin of victory
Results of elected officials seeking other offices
Wave elections
Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election
Candidates with the same last names

Elections by state

Elections to the U.S. House of Representatives happened on November 5, 2024. All 435 districts were up for election. All six of the chamber's non-voting members were also up for election.

As a result of the elections, Republicans won 220 districts, retaining control of the chamber, while Democrats won 215 districts.[1]

Heading into the election, Republicans held a 220-212 majority in the U.S. House with three vacancies. Two vacancies happened becauseDemocratic representatives left office early, and one happened because aRepublican representative left office early.

Democrats needed to retain control of the two vacant seats and gain a net of four seats to win a majority. They retained control of both seats and gained a net of one seat.Republicans could only lose a net of three seats—including the vacant seat—and retain control of the chamber.

Eleven U.S. House incumbents lost their re-election campaigns on November 5. These members include four Democrats and seven Republicans.

Five states—Alabama,Georgia,Louisiana,New York, andNorth Carolina—used different congressional maps for the 2024 election than they did in 2022 due tocourt rulings or legal requirements.

In 2024, 45 seats were open because the incumbent did not run for re-election, and four were open because the incumbent lost in a primary.

Ballotpedia tracked 54 districts (12.4%) as battleground races in 2024. Democrats held 29 of those districts, and Republicans held 25.

See below for information on:

Contents

Changes in partisan control in the U.S. House

Heading into the election, Republicans held a 220-212 majority in the U.S. House with three vacancies.Democrats needed to gain a net of six districts to win a majority. They gained a net of one seat.Republicans could only lose a net of five districts and maintain their majority or gain one or more districts to increase their majority. They lost a net of one seat.

U.S. House districts that changed party hands

Nineteen districts changed party hands due to the 2024 election. The table and map below shows which districts changed partisan control after the 2024 elections.

House districts that changed party hands, 2024
District2020 Presidential margin2022 U.S. House marginPre-election incumbentOpen?2024 Election winner
Alabama's 2ndDemocrats+12.4Republicans+39.9Republican PartyBarry MooreDemocratic PartyShomari Figures
Alaska's At-LargeRepublicans+10.1Democrats+10Democratic PartyMary PeltolaRepublican PartyNicholas Begich
California's 13thDemocrats+10.9Republicans+0.4Republican PartyJohn DuarteDemocratic PartyAdam Gray
California's 27thDemocrats+12.4Republicans+6.4Republican PartyMike GarciaDemocratic PartyGeorge Whitesides
California's 45thDemocrats+6.2Republicans+4.8Republican PartyMichelle SteelDemocratic PartyDerek Tran
Colorado's 8thDemocrats+4.6Democrats+0.7Democratic PartyYadira CaraveoRepublican PartyGabe Evans
Georgia's 6thDemocrats+49.5Republicans+24.4Republican PartyRich McCormickDemocratic PartyLucy McBath
Georgia's 7thRepublicans+19.5Democrats+22.1Democratic PartyLucy McBathRepublican PartyRich McCormick
Louisiana's 6thDemocrats+19.7Republicans+67.4Republican PartyGarret GravesDemocratic PartyCleo Fields
Michigan's 7thDemocrats+0.5Democrats+5.4Democratic PartyElissa SlotkinRepublican PartyTom Barrett
New York's 4thDemocrats+14.5Republicans+3.6Republican PartyAnthony D'EspositoDemocratic PartyLaura Gillen
New York's 19thDemocrats+4.5Republicans+1.6Republican PartyMarc MolinaroDemocratic PartyJosh Riley
New York's 22ndDemocrats+11.4Republicans+1Republican PartyBrandon WilliamsDemocratic PartyJohn Mannion
North Carolina's 6thRepublicans+16.3Democrats+8.9Democratic PartyKathy ManningRepublican PartyAddison McDowell
North Carolina's 13thRepublicans+17.3Democrats+3.2Democratic PartyWiley NickelRepublican PartyBrad Knott
North Carolina's 14thRepublicans+16.1Democrats+15.4Democratic PartyJeff JacksonRepublican PartyTimothy K. Moore
Oregon's 5thDemocrats+8.9Republicans+2.1Republican PartyLori Chavez-DeRemerDemocratic PartyJanelle Bynum
Pennsylvania's 7thDemocrats+0.6Democrats+2Democratic PartySusan WildRepublican PartyRyan Mackenzie
Pennsylvania's 8thRepublicans+2.9Democrats+2.4Democratic PartyMatt CartwrightRepublican PartyRob Bresnahan Jr.


Incumbents who lost re-election

The following table lists incumbents defeated in the 2024 general election for the U.S. House.

U.S. House incumbents defeated in 2024
NameDistrictPrimary or general election?Election winnerMargin of victory
Republican PartyJohn DuarteCalifornia's 13thGeneralDemocratic PartyAdam GrayD+0.0[2]
Republican PartyMichelle SteelCalifornia's 45thGeneralDemocratic PartyDerek TranD+0.2
Democratic PartyMary PeltolaAlaska's At-LargeGeneralRepublican PartyNicholas BegichR+2.6
Republican PartyMike GarciaCalifornia's 27thGeneralDemocratic PartyGeorge WhitesidesD+2
Democratic PartyYadira CaraveoColorado's 8thGeneralRepublican PartyGabe EvansR+0.8
Republican PartyLori Chavez-DeRemerOregon's 5thGeneralDemocratic PartyJanelle BynumD+2.4
Republican PartyAnthony D'EspositoNew York's 4thGeneralDemocratic PartyLaura GillenD+2.2
Democratic PartySusan WildPennsylvania's 7thGeneralRepublican PartyRyan MackenzieR+1
Democratic PartyMatt CartwrightPennsylvania's 8thGeneralRepublican PartyRob Bresnahan Jr.R+1.6
Republican PartyBrandon WilliamsNew York's 22ndGeneralDemocratic PartyJohn MannionD+9
Republican PartyMarcus MolinaroNew York's 19thGeneralDemocratic PartyJosh RileyD+2.2
Democratic PartyJamaal BowmanNew York's 16thPrimaryDemocratic PartyGeorge LatimerD+17.2
Democratic PartyCori BushMissouri's 1stPrimaryDemocratic PartyWesley BellD+5.6
Republican PartyJerry CarlAlabama's 1stPrimaryRepublican PartyBarry MooreR+3.4
Republican PartyBob GoodVirginia's 5thPrimaryRepublican PartyJohn McGuireR+0.6

Historical comparison

The following table shows the number of U.S. House incumbents defeated in each election cycle from 2000 to 2024, by party.

Defeated U.S. House incumbents by party, 2000-2024
YearDemocratic incumbents lostRepublican incumbents lostTotal
20246915
2022121325
202016521
201823234
20163912
201412618
2012101727
201054458
200861723
200602222
2004527
200212517
2000459


Districts won by a presidential candidate and U.S. House candidate of different parties

Districts won by Trump and a Democratic candidate

The following table shows13 districts won byDonald Trump (R) and a Democratic candidate for the U.S. House. The district where Trump and a Democratic candidate ran closest wasNevada's 3rd Congressional District, where the difference between Trump andSusie Lee (D) was 3.5%. The district with the biggest gap between Trump and a Democratic candidate wasTexas' 28th Congressional District, where the difference between Trump andHenry Cuellar (D) was 12.9%.

Districts won by Harris and a Republican candidate

The following table shows thethree districts won byKamala Harris (D) and a Republican candidate for the U.S. House. The district where Harris and a Republican candidate ran closest wasNebraska's 2nd Congressional District, where the difference between Harris andDon Bacon (R) was 6.5%. The district with the biggest gap between Harris and a Republican candidate wasPennsylvania's 1st Congressional District, where the difference between Harris and RepublicanBrian Fitzpatrick (R) was 13.1%.


Open seats

Heading into the 2024 elections,45 districts were open because the incumbent did not run for re-election, andfour were open because the incumbent lost in a primary.Three districtsNew Jersey's 9th,Texas' 18th andWisconsin's 8th—were vacant because the incumbent left office early.

Ballotpedia considers a seat to be open if the incumbent representative did not file to run for re-election or if they filed for re-election but withdrew before the primary. If an incumbent filed to run in a different district than the one they currently represent, Ballotpedia considers the seat they currently represent as open, as long as no incumbent from another district is running in it. A seat created as a result of a state gaining a new congressional district due toapportionment is also considered open if no incumbent is running in it.

This section does not include vacant seats filled by special election before November 5, 2024, unless no incumbents appeared on the regular primary ballot for that seat.

Seats open at the time of the primary

The table below includes election results for districts that were open at the time the state held its congressional primary. For a list of seats that opened up as a result of an incumbent losing re-election in a primary, see thefollowing section.

Open seats in the U.S. House going into the 2024 general election
SeatOutgoing incumbentReason2024 election winner2024 election winner's
margin of victory
Arizona's 3rdDemocratic PartyRuben GallegoCandidate for U.S. SenateDemocratic PartyYassamin AnsariD+43
Arizona's 8thRepublican PartyDebbie LeskoCandidate for theMaricopa County Board of SupervisorsRepublican PartyAbraham HamadehR+11.8
California's 12thDemocratic PartyBarbara LeeCandidate for U.S. SenateDemocratic PartyLateefah SimonD+27.2
California's 16thDemocratic PartyAnna EshooRetirementDemocratic PartySam LiccardoD+19.8
California's 29thDemocratic PartyTony CardenasRetirementDemocratic PartyLuz Maria RivasD+39.2
California's 30thDemocratic PartyAdam SchiffCandidate for U.S. SenateDemocratic PartyLaura FriedmanD+37.2
California's 31stDemocratic PartyGrace NapolitanoRetirementDemocratic PartyGil CisnerosD+14
California's 47thDemocratic PartyKatie PorterCandidate for U.S. SenateDemocratic PartyDave MinD+1.8
Colorado's 5thRepublican PartyDoug LambornRetirementRepublican PartyJeff CrankR+13
Delaware's At-LargeDemocratic PartyLisa Blunt RochesterCandidate for U.S. SenateDemocratic PartySarah McBrideD+15.4
Florida's 8thRepublican PartyBill PoseyRetirementRepublican PartyMike HaridopolosR+25
Georgia's 3rdRepublican PartyDrew FergusonRetirementRepublican PartyBrian JackR+32.4
Indiana's 3rdRepublican PartyJim BanksCandidate for U.S. SenateRepublican PartyMarlin A. StutzmanR+33.5
Indiana's 6thRepublican PartyGreg PenceRetirementRepublican PartyJefferson ShreveR+36
Indiana's 8thRepublican PartyLarry BucshonRetirementRepublican PartyMark MessmerR+42.6
Kansas' 2ndRepublican PartyJacob LaTurnerRetirementRepublican PartyDerek SchmidtR+14.8
Louisiana's 6thRepublican PartyGarret GravesRetirementDemocratic PartyCleo FieldsD+13
Maryland's 2ndDemocratic PartyDutch RuppersbergerRetirementDemocratic PartyJohn Olszewski Jr.D+12.4
Maryland's 3rdDemocratic PartyJohn SarbanesRetirementDemocratic PartySarah ElfrethD+20.3
Maryland's 6thDemocratic PartyDavid TroneCandidate for U.S. SenateDemocratic PartyApril McClain-DelaneyD+4.2
Michigan's 7thDemocratic PartyElissa SlotkinCandidate for U.S. SenateRepublican PartyTom BarrettR+3.7
Michigan's 8thDemocratic PartyDan KildeeRetirementDemocratic PartyKristen McDonald RivetD+6.7
Minnesota's 3rdDemocratic PartyDean PhillipsCandidate forPresident of the United StatesDemocratic PartyKelly MorrisonD+18.2
Missouri's 3rdRepublican PartyBlaine LuetkemeyerRetirementRepublican PartyBob OnderR+30.8
Montana's 2ndRepublican PartyMatt RosendaleRetirementRepublican PartyTroy DowningR+43.4
New Hampshire's 2ndDemocratic PartyAnn McLane KusterRetirementDemocratic PartyMaggie GoodlanderD+7
New Jersey's 3rdDemocratic PartyAndy KimCandidate for U.S. SenateDemocratic PartyHerbert Conaway Jr.D+8.8
North Carolina's 6thDemocratic PartyKathy ManningRetirementRepublican PartyAddison McDowellR+40.4
North Carolina's 8thRepublican PartyDan BishopCandidate forAttorney General of North CarolinaRepublican PartyMark HarrisR+23.2
North Carolina's 10thRepublican PartyPatrick McHenryRetirementRepublican PartyPat HarriganR+21.3
North Carolina's 13thDemocratic PartyWiley NickelRetirementRepublican PartyBrad KnottR+17.4
North Carolina's 14thDemocratic PartyJeff JacksonCandidate forAttorney General of North CarolinaRepublican PartyTim MooreR+16.2
North Dakota's At-LargeRepublican PartyKelly ArmstrongCandidate forGovernor of North DakotaRepublican PartyJulie FedorchakR+41.4
Ohio's 2ndRepublican PartyBrad WenstrupRetirementRepublican PartyDavid TaylorR+41.4
Oregon's 3rdDemocratic PartyEarl BlumenauerRetirementDemocratic PartyMaxine DexterD+42.9
South Carolina's 3rdRepublican PartyJeff DuncanRetirementRepublican PartySheri BiggsR+45.5
Texas' 12thRepublican PartyKay GrangerRetirementRepublican PartyCraig GoldmanR+28.2
Texas' 26thRepublican PartyMichael BurgessRetirementRepublican PartyBrandon GillR+26.9
Texas' 32ndDemocratic PartyColin AllredCandidate for U.S. SenateDemocratic PartyJulie JohnsonD+22.8
Utah's 3rdRepublican PartyJohn CurtisCandidate for U.S. SenateRepublican PartyMike KennedyR+30.6
Virginia's 7thDemocratic PartyAbigail SpanbergerCandidate forGovernor of VirginiaDemocratic PartyEugene VindmanD+2.2
Virginia's 10thDemocratic PartyJennifer WextonRetirementDemocratic PartySuhas SubramanyamD+4.2
Washington's 5thRepublican PartyCathy McMorris RodgersRetirementRepublican PartyMichael BaumgartnerR+19.8
Washington's 6thDemocratic PartyDerek KilmerRetirementDemocratic PartyEmily RandallD+14.8
West Virginia's 2ndRepublican PartyAlex MooneyCandidate for U.S. SenateRepublican PartyRiley MooreR+42


Seats open as a result of an incumbent losing a primary

The table below includes seats open because the incumbent lost re-election in a primary.[3]

Seats open as a result of an incumbent losing re-election in a primary
SeatOutgoing incumbent2024 election winner2024 election winner's
margin of victory
New York's 16thDemocratic PartyJamaal BowmanDemocratic PartyGeorge LatimerD+43.4
Missouri's 1stDemocratic PartyCori BushDemocratic PartyWesley BellD+57.7
Alabama's 1stRepublican PartyJerry CarlRepublican PartyBarry MooreR+59
Virginia's 5thRepublican PartyBob GoodRepublican PartyJohn McGuireR+16


Pre-election analysis

Partisan breakdown

The following chart shows the partisan affiliations of U.S. representatives from 2000 to 2024.

Battleground list

See also:U.S. House battlegrounds, 2024

Ballotpedia identified52 of the 435 House races (12.4%) asbattlegrounds.

These battleground races were selected using the following criteria. For more information on our methodology, clickhere:

  • the 2024 winner's margin of victory,
  • the results of the2020 presidential election in the district,
  • whether the incumbent was seeking re-election,
  • whether the incumbent was serving his or her first term in Congress, and
  • how theCook Political Report,Sabato's Crystal Ball, andInside Elections with Nathan Gonzales rated the race.

In addition to the competitiveness data above, a race may have been particularlycompelling ormeaningful to the balance of power in governments forother reasons. The following map displays the 2024 House battlegrounds shaded by the incumbent's or most recent incumbent's political affiliation. Hover over a district for more information.

There were52 U.S. House battlegrounds in 2024


Outside race ratings

The following table compared U.S. House race ratings fromThe Cook Political Report with Amy Walter,Decision Desk HQ and The Hill,Inside Elections, andSabato's Crystal Ball prior to the November 2024 elections.


Targeted races

DCCC targets

NRCC targets


Log of U.S. House election results

December 4

November 27

November 21

November 15

November 14

November 13

November 12

November 11

November 9

November 7

November 6

November 5

See also

Election coverage by office

Click the tiles below to navigate to 2024 election coverage:


Footnotes

  1. These figures include the seat of Rep. Matt Gaetz (R-Fla.), who resigned on November 13, 2024, after winning re-election.
  2. Gray defeated Duarte by 187 votes.
  3. Note: Ballotpedia does not consider these seats to be open when calculating congressional competitiveness data.
  4. DCCC, "DCCC Announces 2023-2024 Districts In Play," April 3, 2023
  5. DCCC, "Districts in Play," accessed October 31, 2024
  6. DCCC, "2024 Frontline Members," accessed April 21, 2023
  7. DCCC, "DCCC Announces Additions to the 2024 Frontline Program," October 20, 2023
  8. NRCC, "NRCC Announces 37 Offensive Pick-Up Opportunities to Grow GOP House Majority," March 13, 2023
  9. NRCC, "NRCC Expands Target List of Offensive Opportunities to Grow GOP House Majority," June 3, 2024
  10. National Republican Congressional Committee, "NRCC Announces 26 Candidates in First Round of Additions to 2024 Young Guns Program," July 29, 2024
  11. National Republican Congressional Committee, "NRCC Announces Addition of 6 Candidates to 2024 Young Guns Program," September 20, 2024
  12. This figure includes the seat of Rep. Matt Gaetz (R-Fla.), who resigned on November 13 after winning re-election. Assuming no other vacancies occur before January 3, the 119th Congress will start with 219 Republican members, 215 Democratic members, and one vacancy.
  13. The Associated Press, "Democrat Adam Gray captures California’s 13th US House District, ousting Republican Rep. John Duarte," December 4, 2024
  14. The New York Times, "Tran Defeats Steel in House Pickup for Democrats," November 27, 2024
  15. The New York Times, "Alaska At-Large Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 21, 2024
  16. The Associated Press, "Democrat Janelle Bynum flips Oregon’s 5th District, will be state’s first Black member of Congres," November 14, 2024
  17. The New York Times, "Arizona Sixth Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 14, 2024
  18. The New York Times, "California 47th Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 14, 2024
  19. The New York Times, "California 41st Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 13, 2024
  20. The New York Times, "Louisiana Sixth Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 12, 2024
  21. Politico, "Democrat George Whitesides ousts GOP Rep. Mike Garcia from Los Angeles House seat," November 11, 2024
  22. The New York Times, "Arizona First Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 11, 2024
  23. The New York Times, "Nebraska Second Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 9, 2024
  24. The New York Times, "Nevada Third Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 7, 2024
  25. The New York Times, "New York Fourth Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 7, 2024
  26. The New York Times, "Nevada First Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 7, 2024
  27. The New York Times, "Colorado Third Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 7, 2024
  28. The New York Times, "Ohio 13th Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 6, 2024
  29. The Hill, "Maine Democrat Jared Golden survives toughest challenge to date," November 6, 2024
  30. The New York Times, "Texas 34th Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 6, 2024
  31. X.com, "AP_Politics on November 6, 2024," accessed November 6, 2024
  32. Decision Desk HQ, "PA US House General Election 8," accessed November 6, 2024
  33. Decision Desk HQ, "PA US House General Election 7," accessed November 6, 2024
  34. The New York Times, "New York Third Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 6, 2024
  35. The New York Times, "Illinois 17th Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 6, 2024
  36. Decision Desk HQ, "PA US House General Election 10," accessed November 6, 2024
  37. AP News, "Montana 1st Congressional District," November 6, 2024
  38. AP News, "Michigan 8th Congressional District," accessed November 6, 2024
  39. X.com, "NewsNation on November 6, 2024," accessed November 6, 2024
  40. X.com, "AP_Politics on November 6, 2024," accessed November 6, 2024
  41. X.com, "AP_Politics on November 6, 2024," accessed November 6, 2024
  42. Decision Desk HQ, "MI US House General Election 7," accessed November 6, 2024
  43. Decision desk HQ, "VA US House General Election 2," accessed November 6, 2024
  44. Decision Desk HQ, "NM US House General Election 2," accessed November 6, 2024
  45. X.com, "AP_Politics on November 6, 2024," accessed November 6, 2024
  46. Decision Desk HQ, "NY US House General Election 17," accessed November 6, 2024
  47. Decision Desk HQ, "NC US House General Election 1," accessed November 6, 2024
  48. AP News, "Iowa 3rd Congressional District," accessed November 6, 2024
  49. Decision Desk HQ, "IN US House General Election 1," accessed November 6, 2024
  50. Decision Desk HQ, "MI US House General Election 3," accessed November 6, 2024
  51. Decision Desk HQ, "TX US House General Election 28," accessed November 6, 2024
  52. AP News, "New Jersey 7th Congressional District," accessed November 6, 2024
  53. The New York Times, "Minnesota Second Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 6, 2024
  54. Decision desk HQ, "PA US House General Election 17," accessed November 5, 2024
  55. Decision Desk HQ, "TX US House General Election 15," accessed November 5, 2024
  56. Decision Desk HQ, "NY US House General Election 22," November 5, 2024
  57. Decision Desk HQ, "NY US House General Election 1," accessed November 5, 2024
  58. Decision Desk, "VA US House General Election 7," accessed November 5, 2024
  59. Decision Desk UQ, "NY US House General Election 18," accessed November 5, 2024
  60. Decision Desk HQ, "OH US House General Election 5," accessed November 5, 2024
  61. Decision Desk HQ, "OH US House General Election 6," accessed November 5, 2024
  62. The New York Times, "Florida 13th Congressional District Election Results," accessed November 5, 2024
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