Alabama's 4th Congressional District
Alabama's 4th Congressional District in theUnited States House of Representatives is represented byRobert Aderholt (R).
As of the 2020 Census, Alabama representatives represented an average of 718,579 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 686,140 residents.
Elections
See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2030
There are noofficial candidates yet for this election.
See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2028
There are noofficial candidates yet for this election.
See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2026
General election
The primary will occur on May 19, 2026. The general election will occur on November 3, 2026. General election candidates will be added here following the primary.
Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4
Amanda Pusczek (D) andShane Weaver (D) are running in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on May 19, 2026.
Candidate | ||
 | Amanda Pusczek | |
 | Shane Weaver  | |
| There are noincumbents in this race. | |||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
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Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4
IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) andTommy Barnes (R) are running in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on May 19, 2026.
Candidate | ||
 | Robert Aderholt | |
 | Tommy Barnes | |
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. | |||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2024
General election
General election for U.S. House Alabama District 4
IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) won election in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Robert Aderholt (R) | 98.8 | 274,498 |
| Other/Write-in votes | 1.2% | 3,374 | ||
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 277,872 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Democratic primary
The Democratic primary scheduled for March 5, 2024, was canceled.
Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4
IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) defeatedJustin Holcomb (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on March 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Robert Aderholt | 79.8 | 79,083 |
 | Justin Holcomb | 20.2 | 20,025 | |
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 99,108 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2022
General election
General election for U.S. House Alabama District 4
IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) defeatedRick Neighbors (D) andJohnny C. Cochran (L) in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Robert Aderholt (R) | 84.1 | 164,655 |
 | Rick Neighbors (D) | 13.6 | 26,694 | |
 | Johnny C. Cochran (L) | 2.2 | 4,303 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.0% | 81 | ||
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 195,733 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4
Rick Neighbors (D) defeatedRhonda Gore (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on May 24, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Rick Neighbors | 54.1 | 4,500 |
 | Rhonda Gore | 45.9 | 3,823 | |
| There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 8,323 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Republican primary
The Republican primary scheduled for May 24, 2022, was canceled. IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 without appearing on the ballot.
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Joshua Gaddis (R)
See also: Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2020
General election
General election for U.S. House Alabama District 4
IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) defeatedRick Neighbors (D) in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Robert Aderholt (R) | 82.2 | 261,553 |
| Rick Neighbors (D) | 17.7 | 56,237 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.1% | 239 | ||
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 318,029 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary
The Democratic primary scheduled for March 3, 2020, was canceled.Rick Neighbors (D) advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 without appearing on the ballot.
Republican primary
The Republican primary scheduled for March 3, 2020, was canceled. IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 without appearing on the ballot.
See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama, 2018
General election
General election for U.S. House Alabama District 4
IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) defeatedLee Auman (D) in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Robert Aderholt (R) | 79.8 | 184,255 |
 | Lee Auman (D) | 20.1 | 46,492 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.1% | 222 | ||
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source | Total votes: 230,969 (100% precincts reporting) | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary
Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4
Lee Auman (D) defeatedRick Neighbors (D) in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on June 5, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Lee Auman | 54.1 | 8,609 |
| Rick Neighbors | 45.9 | 7,297 | |
| There were noincumbents in this race. The results have been certified. | Total votes: 15,906 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team. | ||||
Republican primary
Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4
IncumbentRobert Aderholt (R) defeatedAnthony Blackmon (R) in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 4 on June 5, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Robert Aderholt | 81.5 | 93,959 |
 | Anthony Blackmon | 18.5 | 21,366 | |
| Incumbents arebolded and underlined. The results have been certified. | Total votes: 115,325 | ||
| = candidate completed theBallotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you,complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data?Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Mike Moses (R)
- Phil Norris (R)
District map
Redistricting
2020-2023
On October 5, 2023, a three-judge panel of theUnited States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama approved a new congressional district map. The map created a new district with a 48.7% Black voting-age population. In its decision, the panel said that "this plan satisfies all constitutional and statutory requirements while hewing as closely as reasonably possible to the Alabama legislature’s 2023 Plan."[16]
A three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama ruled on September 5, 2023, that the revised congressional district boundaries that the Alabama legislature enacted on July 21, 2023, were not in accordance with the Voting Rights Act.[17] The state adopted the revised congressional map after theU.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 on June 8, 2023, that the state's congressional redistricting plan adopted on November 4, 2021, violated the Voting Rights Act and had to be redrawn to include a second majority-Black district.[18][19] The federal district court's order said, "this Court concluded that the 2023 Plan did not remedy the likely Section 2 violation found by this Court and affirmed by the Supreme Court. We, therefore, preliminarily enjoined Secretary Allen from using the 2023 Plan in Alabama’s upcoming 2024 congressional elections."[17]
On September 26, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected the state's request to use the district boundaries overturned by the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama. The decision was unanimous, with none of the justices dissenting. The ruling allowed for the continuation of Special Master Richard Allen's proposed district maps by a panel of federal judges. Lead plaintiff Evan Milligan said the ruling was a "victory for all Alabamians" and "definitely a really positive step." Attorney General Steve Marshall’s office had not issued a statement on the decision as of September 26.[20]
The federal district court ordered its Special Master to submit three proposed remedial plans with the court by September 25, 2023, that comply with the Voting Rights Act and "traditional redistricting principles to the extent reasonably practicable."[17]Alabama Secretary of StateWes Allen's office said it would appeal the federal court's decision to theU.S. Supreme Court. A spokesperson for Allen issued a statement which said, "While we are disappointed in today’s decision, we strongly believe that the legislature’s map complies with the Voting Rights Act and the recent decision of the U.S. Supreme Court. We intend to promptly seek review from the Supreme Court to ensure that the State can use its lawful congressional districts in 2024 and beyond."[21] Special Master Richard Allen submitted the three maps for the judges' consideration on September 25. One map would create a second congressional district in southeastern Alabama with a 50.1% Black voting-age population, while the other two would create districts with either a 48.7% or 48.5% Black population.[22]
How does redistricting in Alabama work? TheAlabama State Legislature is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district lines. Both chambers of the state legislature must approve a single redistricting plan. State legislative district lines must be approved in the first legislative session following the United States Census. There is no statutory deadline for congressional redistricting. Thegovernor may veto the lines drawn by the state legislature.[23]
TheAlabama Constitution requires that state legislative district lines be contiguous. In addition, the state constitution mandates that state Senate districts "follow county lines except where necessary to comply with other legal requirements."[23]
In 2000, according toAll About Redistricting, the legislative committee charged with redistricting "adopted guidelines ... asking that [congressional] districts be contiguous, reasonably compact, follow county lines where possible, and maintain communities of interest to the extent feasible." In addition, the committee agreed to "attempt to avoid contests between incumbents." Similar guidelines apply to state legislative redistricting. At its discretion, the state legislature may change these guidelines, which are non-binding.[23]
Below are the congressional maps in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle. The map on the right was in effect for Alabama’s 2024 congressional elections.
2020
2024
2010-2011
In 2011, the Alabama State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.
District analysis
2026
Heading into the 2026 elections, based on results from the 2024 and 2020 presidential elections, theCook Partisan Voter Index for this district is R+33. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 33 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 4th the most Republican district nationally.[24]
2024
Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, theCook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+33. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 33 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 4th the most Republican district nationally.[25]
Daily Kos calculated what the results of the2020 presidential election in this district would have been followingredistricting.Donald Trump (R) would have defeatedJoe Biden (D) 80.6%-18.5%.[26]
2022
Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, theCook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+33. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 33 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 4th the most Republican district nationally.[27]
Daily Kos calculated what the results of the2020 presidential election in this district would have been followingredistricting.Joe Biden (D) would have received 18.6% of the vote in this district andDonald Trump (R) would have received 80.4%.[28]
2018
Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, theCook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+30. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 30 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 4th Congressional District the fifth most Republican nationally.[29]
FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 0.86. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 0.86 points toward that party.[30]
See also
- Redistricting in Alabama
- Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2026
- Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2024
- Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2022
- Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2020
- Alabama's 4th Congressional District election, 2018
External links
Footnotes
- ↑The New York Times, "Alabama Primary Results," accessed March 1, 2016
- ↑Alabama Republican Party, "2016 Qualified Alabama Republican Candidates," accessed November 10, 2015
- ↑Alabama Democrats, "Qualified Democratic Candidates as of November 6, 2015," accessed November 10, 2015
- ↑Politico, "2012 Election Map, Alabama," November 6, 2012
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1992," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, "Case 2:21-cv-01530-AMM," accessed October 6, 2023
- ↑17.017.117.2United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, "Milligan, et. al v. Allen, et. al," September 5, 2023
- ↑CNN, "Alabama GOP-controlled legislature approves congressional map with just one majority-Black district despite court order," accessed July 21, 2023
- ↑MSN, "Supreme Court rules in favor of Black voters in Alabama redistricting case," June 8, 2023
- ↑Associated Press, "The Supreme Court will let Alabama’s congressional map be redrawn to better represent Black voters," September 26, 2023
- ↑USA Today, "Federal court smacks down Alabama congressional maps in showdown over Black voting power," September 5, 2023
- ↑CNN, "Special master in Alabama redistricting case proposes three House maps in a closely watched voting rights fight," September 25, 2023
- ↑23.023.123.2All About Redistricting, "Alabama," accessed April 16, 2015
- ↑Cook Political Report, "2025 Cook PVI℠: District Map and List (119th Congress)," accessed July 1, 2025
- ↑Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed January 10, 2024
- ↑Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
- ↑Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
- ↑Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
- ↑Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
- ↑FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018
