Latrodectus
Latrodectus is a Windows malware downloader that has been used since at least 2023 to download and execute additional payloads and modules.Latrodectus has most often been distributed through email campaigns, primarily byTA577 andTA578, and has infrastructure overlaps with historicIcedID operations.[1][2][3]
Associated Software Descriptions
Techniques Used
| Domain | ID | Name | Use | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enterprise | T1087 | .002 | Account Discovery:Domain Account | Latrodectus can run |
| Enterprise | T1071 | .001 | Application Layer Protocol:Web Protocols | Latrodectus can send registration information to C2 via HTTP |
| Enterprise | T1547 | .001 | Boot or Logon Autostart Execution:Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder | Latrodectus can set an AutoRun key to establish persistence.[1] |
| Enterprise | T1059 | .003 | Command and Scripting Interpreter:Windows Command Shell | TheLatrodectus command handler can use |
| .007 | Command and Scripting Interpreter:JavaScript | Latrodectus has used JavaScript files as part its infection chain during malicious spam | ||
| Enterprise | T1132 | .001 | Data Encoding:Standard Encoding | Latrodectus has Base64-encoded the message body of a HTTP request sent to C2.[1][4] |
| Enterprise | T1005 | Data from Local System | Latrodectus can collect data from a compromised host using a stealer module.[3] | |
| Enterprise | T1622 | Debugger Evasion | Latrodectus has the ability to check for the presence of debuggers.[1] | |
| Enterprise | T1140 | Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information | Latrodectus has the ability to deobfuscate encrypted strings.[1][4][3] | |
| Enterprise | T1482 | Domain Trust Discovery | Latrodectus can run | |
| Enterprise | T1573 | .001 | Encrypted Channel:Symmetric Cryptography | Latrodectus can send RC4 encrypted data over C2 channels.[1][4][3] |
| Enterprise | T1041 | Exfiltration Over C2 Channel | Latrodectus can exfiltrate encrypted system information to the C2 server.[1][3] | |
| Enterprise | T1083 | File and Directory Discovery | Latrodectus can collect desktop filenames.[1][3][4] | |
| Enterprise | T1564 | .004 | Hide Artifacts:NTFS File Attributes | Latrodectus can delete itself while its process is still running through the use of an alternate data stream.[4] |
| Enterprise | T1070 | .004 | Indicator Removal:File Deletion | Latrodectus has the ability to delete itself.[4][3] |
| Enterprise | T1105 | Ingress Tool Transfer | Latrodectus can download and execute PEs, DLLs, and shellcode from C2.[1][4][3] | |
| Enterprise | T1559 | .001 | Inter-Process Communication:Component Object Model | Latrodectus can use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) to set scheduled tasks.[4][3] |
| Enterprise | T1036 | .005 | Masquerading:Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location | Latrodectus has been packed to appear as a component to Bitdefender’s kernel-mode driver, TRUFOS.SYS.[4] |
| Enterprise | T1104 | Multi-Stage Channels | Latrodectus has used a two-tiered C2 configuration with tier one nodes connecting to the victim and tier two nodes connecting to backend infrastructure.[1] | |
| Enterprise | T1106 | Native API | Latrodectus has used multiple Windows API post exploitation including | |
| Enterprise | T1135 | Network Share Discovery | Latrodectus can run | |
| Enterprise | T1027 | .001 | Obfuscated Files or Information:Binary Padding | Latrodectus has been obfuscated with a 129 byte sequence of junk data prepended to the file.[4] |
| .002 | Obfuscated Files or Information:Software Packing | TheLatrodectus payload has been packed for obfuscation.[4] | ||
| .007 | Obfuscated Files or Information:Dynamic API Resolution | Latrodectus can resolve Windows APIs dynamically by hash.[1] | ||
| .013 | Obfuscated Files or Information:Encrypted/Encoded File | Latrodectus has used a pseudo random number generator (PRNG) algorithm and a rolling XOR key to obfuscate strings.[1][4][3] | ||
| Enterprise | T1069 | .002 | Permission Groups Discovery:Domain Groups | Latrodectus can identify domain groups through |
| Enterprise | T1566 | .001 | Phishing:Spearphishing Attachment | Latrodectus has been distributed through reply-chain phishing emails with malicious attachments.[2] |
| .002 | Phishing:Spearphishing Link | Latrodectus has been distributed to victims through emails containing malicious links.[1][2] | ||
| Enterprise | T1057 | Process Discovery | Latrodectus can enumerate running processes including process grandchildren on targeted hosts.[1][4][3] | |
| Enterprise | T1021 | .005 | Remote Services:VNC | Latrodectus has routed C2 traffic using Keyhole VNC.[5] |
| Enterprise | T1053 | .005 | Scheduled Task/Job:Scheduled Task | Latrodectus can create scheduled tasks for persistence.[1][4][3] |
| Enterprise | T1518 | .001 | Software Discovery:Security Software Discovery | Latrodectus has the ability to identify installed antivirus products.[4][3] |
| Enterprise | T1218 | .007 | System Binary Proxy Execution:Msiexec | Latrodectus has called |
| .011 | System Binary Proxy Execution:Rundll32 | Latrodectus can use rundll32.exe to execute downloaded DLLs.[4][2] | ||
| Enterprise | T1082 | System Information Discovery | Latrodectus can gather operating system information.[1][4][4][3] | |
| Enterprise | T1016 | System Network Configuration Discovery | Latrodectus can discover the IP and MAC address of a targeted host.[4][3] | |
| Enterprise | T1033 | System Owner/User Discovery | Latrodectus can discover the username of an infected host.[4] | |
| Enterprise | T1529 | System Shutdown/Reboot | Latrodectus has the ability to restart compromised hosts.[4] | |
| Enterprise | T1204 | .001 | User Execution:Malicious Link | Latrodectus has been executed through malicious links distributed in email campaigns.[1][2] |
| .002 | User Execution:Malicious File | Latrodectus has lured users into opening malicious email attachments for execution.[2] | ||
| Enterprise | T1497 | .001 | Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion:System Checks | Latrodectus can determine if it is running in a virtualized environment by checking the OS version, checking the number of running processes, ensuring a 64-bit application is running on a 64-bit host, and checking if the host has a valid MAC address.[1][4][3] |
| Enterprise | T1102 | Web Service | Latrodectus has used Google Firebase to download malicious installation scripts.[5] | |
| Enterprise | T1047 | Windows Management Instrumentation | Latrodectus has used WMI in malicious email infection chains to facilitate the installation of remotely-hosted files.[4][3] | |
Groups That Use This Software
References
- Proofpoint Threat Research and Team Cymru S2 Threat Research. (2024, April 4). Latrodectus: This Spider Bytes Like Ice . Retrieved May 31, 2024.
- Abrams, L. (2024, April 30). New Latrodectus malware attacks use Microsoft, Cloudflare themes. Retrieved September 13, 2024.
- Batista, J. (2024, June 17). Latrodectus, are you coming back?. Retrieved September 13, 2024.