A revised six‐kingdom system of life

@article{Cavaliersmith1998ARS,  title={A revised six‐kingdom system of life},  author={T Cavalier-smith},  journal={Biological Reviews},  year={1998},  volume={73},  url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6557779}}
A revised six‐kingdom system of life is presented, down to the level of infraphylum, modified in the light of molecular phylogenetic evidence that Myxozoa are actually Animalia, not Protozoa, and that mesozoans are related to bilaterian animals.

1,035 Citations

Zooflagellate Phylogeny and the Systematics of Protozoa.

The Archezoa are now treated, not as a separate kingdom, but as a subkingdom of the Protozoa, comprising only the two zooflagellate protozoan phyla, Metamonada and Parabasalia, which have no mitochondria and are microaerophilic or anaerobic.

How many kingdoms of life? Eukaryotic phylogeny and philosophy of systematics

    Łukasz Lamża
    Philosophy, Biology
    Philosophical Problems in Science (Zagadnienia…
  • 2019
The debate and analyze the pros and cons of both Hennigian principles and bunch small, relatively uncharacteristic groups into paraphyletic taxa, creating systems that are more convenient.

Only six kingdoms of life

    T. Cavalier-smith
    Biology, Environmental Science
    Proceedings of the Royal Society of London…
  • 2004
Critical interpretation of environmental DNA sequences suggests that the overall picture of microbial biodiversity at phylum or division level is already rather good and comprehensive and that there are no uncharacterized kingdoms of life.

What are Fungi

The idea that Fungi form a kingdom distinct from 5 plants and animals became widely accepted only recently, and the organisms traditionally studied by mycologists, and grouped in Whittaker’s kingdom, are polyphyletic.

Hemimastigophora is a novel supra-kingdom-level lineage of eukaryotes

Phylogenetic analyses based on single-cell transcriptomic data from two hemimastigotes, a Spironema species and the newly described Hemimastix kukwesjijk, indicate that Hemimastsigophora is a supra-kingdom-level lineage of eukaryotes.

The origin of chloroplasts and the position of eukaryotic algae in the six- kingdom system of life [in Czech]

The special interest represents the origin of the chloroplasts, as it was suggested using the molecular methods, the single-celled cyanobacteria were the ancestors of chloroplASTs in glaucophytes, red and green algae.

The Evolutionary Origin of Animals and Fungi

This chapter describes all the major currently known groups of opisthokont protists, what their distinguishing features are, and what are the current ideas as to how they are related to each other.

How many species of algae are there? A reprise. Four kingdoms, 14 phyla, 63 classes and still growing

AlgaeBase documented 50,589 species of living algae and 10,556 fossil species here referred to four kingdoms (Eubacteria, Chromista, Plantae, and Protozoa), 14 phyla, and 63 classes.

A new fungal phylum, the Glomeromycota: phylogeny and evolution * * Dedicated to Manfred Kluge (Tech

The ecologically and economically important arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, crucial in the ecology and physiology of land plants, and the endocytobiotic fungus, Geosiphon pyriformis, are phylogenetically analysed by their small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences and placed into a new monophyletic phylum, the Glomeromycota.
...

306 References

Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya.

It is proposed that a formal system of organisms be established in which above the level of kingdom there exists a new taxon called a "domain." Life on this planet would be seen as comprising three domains, the Bacteria, the Archaea, and the Eucarya, each containing two or more kingdoms.

Biodiversity at the molecular level: the domains, kingdoms and phyla of life.

The results of comparative sequence analysis, mainly of small subunit (SSU) ribosomal (r)RNA sequences, have suggested that all of cellular life can be placed in one of three domains: the Archaea,…

Kingdom protozoa and its 18 phyla.

The demarcation of protist kingdoms is reviewed, a complete revised classification down to the level of subclass is provided for the kingdoms Protozoa, Archezoa, and Chromista, and the phylogenetic…

The Life-History and Systematic Relations of the Mesozoa

Although Hyman noted that most zoologists regard the Mesozoa as degenerate flatworms, she designated the group as a phylum, lower than the sponges in taxonomic status.

The Evolution of Cells

The origin of cells was crucial to the evolution of life: by creating the first discrete organisms it vastly strengthened organismic selection, at the expense of genie and population (group)…

New concepts of kingdoms of organisms

My purpose in this article is to discuss the merits of two classifications which depart from the traditional two kingdoms, the systems of Copeland (1-3) and Whittaker (4, 5).

Proposals Concerning the Higher Taxa of Bacteria

Names are proposed for divisions, classes, and some orders of bacteria that include organisms having a rigid cell wall but do not contain peptidoglycan.

Symbiosis in cell evolution: Life and its environment on the early earth

The book treats cell evolution from the viewpoint of the serial endosymbiosis theory of the origin of organelles, which holds that eukaryotes evolved by the association of free-living bacteria with a host prokaryote.
...

Related Papers

Showing 1 through 3 of 0 Related Papers