Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms

@article{Soltis2008OriginAE,  title={Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms},  author={Douglas E. Soltis and Charles D. Bell and Sangtae Kim and Pamela S. Soltis},  journal={Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},  year={2008},  volume={1133},  url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17688086}}
Analyses of morphological and molecular data reveal a revised “anthophyte clade” consisting of the fossils glossopterids, Pentoxylon, Bennettitales, and Caytonia as sister to angiosperms, indicating that polyploidy may have been an important catalyst in angiosperm evolution.

299 Citations

Ecology, forms and functions of the basal angiosperms from New Caledonia

The distribution of basal angiosperms in New Caledonia, as well as their drought sensitivity, support the hypothesis suggesting that early angios perms lived in humid and stable environments and that sympodial growth may have been acquired early during angiosPerms evolution.

Exceptional preservation of tiny embryos documents seed dormancy in early angiosperms

The discovery of embryos and their associated nutrient storage tissues in exceptionally well-preserved angiosperm seeds from the Early Cretaceous support hypotheses based on extant plants that tiny embryos and seed dormancy are basic for angiosperms as a whole.

Phylogeny, molecular dating and floral evolution of Magnoliidae (Angiospermae)

The goal of this study was to provide new reliable calibration points in order to conduct molecular dating analyses and provide key results on the evolution of Magnoliidae and raises several new questions such as the impact of geological crises on diversification of the group or the influence of pollinators and the environment on the Evolution of floral morphology.

Evolution of Angiosperm Pollen. 2. The Basal Angiosperms1

The systematic significance of pollen morphology in basal angiosperm clades including the ANITA group (Amborellaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Schisandraceae, Trimeniaceae, and Austrobaileyaceae), Ceratophyllales, Chloranthales, and magnoliids is discussed, as well as in related lineages, i.e., monocots and basal eudicots.

Fossil calibration of Magnoliidae, an ancient lineage of angiosperms

The position and ages for 10 fossils of Magnoliidae are reviewed, selected because of their previous inclusion in phylogenetic analyses of extant and fossil taxa and detailed justifications of their phylogenetic position and absolute age have been lacking.

The Amborella Genome and the Evolution of Flowering Plants

Genome structure and phylogenomic analyses indicate that the ancestral Angiosperm was a polyploid with a large constellation of both novel and ancient genes that survived to play key roles in angiosperm biology.

Five major shifts of diversification through the long evolutionary history of Magnoliidae (angiosperms)

The ages of the main clades of Magnoliidae (above the family level) are older than previously thought, and in several lineages, there were significant increases and decreases in net diversification rates.

P OLYPLOIDY AND ANGIOSPERM DIVERSIFICATION 1

Comparisons of diversifi cation rates suggest that genome doubling may have led to a dramatic increase in species richness in several angiosperm lineages, including Poaceae, Solanaceae, Fabaceae, and Brassicaceae, but additional genomic studies are needed to pinpoint the exact phylogenetic placement of the ancient polyploidy events within these lineages.

The age and diversification of the angiosperms re-revisited.

These analyses provide a new comprehensive source of reference dates for major angiosperm clades that are generally younger than other recent molecular estimates and very close to dates inferred from the fossil record.

Mitochondrial genes from 18 angiosperms fill sampling gaps for phylogenomic inferences of the early diversification of flowering plants

The early diversification of angiosperms is thought to have been a rapid process, which may complicate phylogenetic analyses of early angiosperm relationships. Plastid and nuclear phylogenomic…
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165 References

Evolution of the angiosperms: calibrating the family tree

Angiosperm divergence times are estimated using non–parametric rate smoothing and a three–gene dataset covering ca.

Hydatellaceae identified as a new branch near the base of the angiosperm phylogenetic tree

It is shown that Hydatellaceae, a small family of dwarf aquatics that were formerly interpreted as monocots, are instead a highly modified and previously unrecognized ancient lineage of angiosperms, indicating that water lilies are part of a larger lineage that evolved more extreme and diverse modifications for life in an aquatic habitat than previously recognized.

The earliest angiosperms: evidence from mitochondrial, plastid and nuclear genomes

This study demonstrates that Amboreella, Nymphaeales and Illiciales-Trimeniaceae-Austrobaileya represent the first stage of angiosperm evolution, with Amborella being sister to all other angiosperms, and shows that Gnetales are related to the conifers and are not sister to the angios perms, thus refuting the Anthophyte Hypothesis.

Ferns diversified in the shadow of angiosperms

It is shown that polypod ferns (> 80% of living fern species) diversified in the Cretaceous, after angiosperms, suggesting perhaps an ecological opportunistic response to the diversification of angios perms, as angiosPerms came to dominate terrestrial ecosystems.

Fossil evidence of water lilies (Nymphaeales) in the Early Cretaceous

The history of the water lilies (Nymphaeales) is extended back to the Early Cretaceous and into the oldest fossil assemblages that contain unequivocal angiosperm stamens and carpels, adding to the growing congruence between results from molecular-based analyses of relationships among angiosperms and the palaeobotanical record.

Significance of molecular phylogenetic analyses for paleobotanical investigations on the origin of angiosperms

    J. Doyle
    Biology, Environmental Science
    Journal of Palaeosciences
  • 2001
Molecular phylogenetic analyses have provided increasing evidence that angiosperms are not related to Gnetales, thus contradicting the anthophyte hypothesis based on morphological cladistic analyses…

Cretaceous flowers of Nymphaeaceae and implications for complex insect entrapment pollination mechanisms in early angiosperms.

Although the fossils are much smaller than their modern relatives, the precise and dramatic correspondence between the fossil floral morphology and that of modern Victoria flowers suggests that beetle entrapment pollination was present in the earliest part of the Late Cretaceous.

Integrating Molecular Phylogenetic and Paleobotanical Evidence on Origin of the Flower

Results and developmental genetic data are consistent with homology of the angiosperm bitegmic ovule with the cupule of glossopterids and Caytonia, while the carpel could represent a leaf and a cupule‐bearing axillary branch in living basal angiosperms.

Fossil History of Magnoliid Angiosperms

Current phylogenetic hypotheses broadly support previous views that the most basal angiosperm taxa fall within a grade of organization corresponding to the subclass Magnoliidae; however, there are divergent views on the resolution of relationships within the magnoliid grade.

Molecular evidence for pre-Cretaceous angiosperm origins

Molecular evidence is reported suggesting that angiosperm ancestors underwent diversification more than 300 Myr ago, suggesting their origins and early evolution remain obscure.
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