Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: A systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies

@article{Dinu2017VegetarianVD,  title={Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: A systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies},  author={Monica Dinu and Rosanna Abbate and Gian Franco Gensini and Alessandro Casini and Francesco Sofi},  journal={Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition},  year={2017},  volume={57},  pages={3640 - 3649},  url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10073754}}
This comprehensive meta-analysis reports a significant protective effect of a vegetarian diet versus the incidence and/or mortality from ischemic heart disease and incidence from total cancer, and vegan diet conferred a significant reduced risk of incidence fromTotal cancer.

792 Citations

Association of Vegetarian and Vegan Diets with Cardiovascular Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies and Randomized Trials

Healthier diets are associated with reduced risks of cerebrovascular disease, CVD incidence, IHD mortality, and ischemic stroke, however, evidence quality and consistency vary, emphasizing the need for more research.

Vegetarianism and veganism compared with mental health and cognitive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

A meta-analysis found that vegan or vegetarian diets were related to a higher risk of depression and lower anxiety scores, but no differences for other outcomes were found.

A Systematic Review of the Association Between Vegan Diets and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Among the Western populations studied, evidence weakly demonstrates associations between vegan diets and risk of CVDs, with the direction of associations varying with the specific CVD outcome tested.

The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review

It is found that a vegan diet is associated with lower T2D prevalence or incidence and in T1D patients decreases high glucose values and improves glucose homeostasis, as reported from the majority of included studies.

Vegetarian diets and the risk of gastrointestinal cancers: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Adhering to vegetarian diets reduces the risk of gastrointestinal tumorigenesis, and more data from well-conducted cohort and other studies are needed.

Vegetarian and vegan diets and the risk of cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease and stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies on CVD, IHD and stroke risk among vegetarians or vegans versus nonvegetarians to clarify these associations found vegetarian diets are associated with reduced risk of CVD and IHD, but not stroke.

Relation of Vegetarian Dietary Patterns With Major Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Very low-quality evidence indicates that vegetarian dietary patterns are associated with reductions in CHD mortality and incidence but not with CVD and stroke mortality in individuals with and without diabetes.

The effect of vegetarian diets on iron status in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

It is recommended that not only vegetarians but also non-vegetarians should regularly control their iron status and improve their diet regarding the content and bioavailability of iron by consuming more plants and less meat.

Plant-based diets and risk of disease mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

The findings show the potential protective role of PBDs against chronic disease mortality, and there was an inverse association between healthy plant-based and vegetarian diets and the risk of all-cause mortality.
...

24 References

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Cancer Incidence in Vegetarians: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

It is suggested that vegetarians have a significantly lower ischemic heart disease mortality and overall cancer incidence than nonvegetarians.

Beyond Meatless, the Health Effects of Vegan Diets: Findings from the Adventist Cohorts

Vegetarians, those who avoid meat, and vegans, additionally avoiding dairy and eggs, represent 5% and 2%, respectively, of the US population. The aim of this review is to assess the effects of…

Lifestyle Determinants and Mortality in German Vegetarians and Health-Conscious Persons: Results of a 21-Year Follow-up

Low prevalence of smoking and moderate or high level of physical activity but not strictly vegetarian diet was associated with reduced overall mortality, and the nonsignificant reduction in mortality from ischemic heart diseases in vegetarians compared with health-conscious persons could be explained in part by avoidance of meat intake.

Vegetarian Diets and the Incidence of Cancer in a Low-risk Population

Vegan diet seems to confer lower risk for overall and female-specific cancer than other dietary patterns and the lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets seem to confer protection from cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.

Vegetarian diets: what do we know of their effects on common chronic diseases?

It is probable that using the label "vegetarian" as a dietary category is too broad and that understanding will be served well by dividing vegetarians into more descriptive subtypes, and different types of vegetarians may not experience the same effects on health.

Mortality in British vegetarians: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Oxford).

Mortality from circulatory diseases and all causes is not significantly different between vegetarians and meat eaters, but the study is not large enough to exclude small or moderate differences for specific causes of death, and more research on this topic is required.

Vegetarian dietary patterns and mortality in Adventist Health Study 2.

Vegetarian diets are associated with lower all-cause mortality and with some reductions in cause-specific mortality, and appeared to be more robust in males.

Vegetarian dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal cancers.

Vegetarian diets are associated with an overall lower incidence of colorectal cancers, and pescovegetarians in particular have a much lower risk compared with nonvegetarians.

Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies.

Mortality from ischemic heart disease among vegetarians was 24% lower in vegetarians than in nonvegetarians, and was greater at younger ages and was restricted to those who had followed their current diet for >5 y.

Related Papers

Showing 1 through 3 of 0 Related Papers