  |
はてなキーワード:the likeとは
何もしないと個人リポジトリ―のコードが取り込まれ、設定によってはどんなライセンスのコードだろうと取り込まれることだ。たとえば…
https://github.com/timdetering/Wintellect.PowerCollections/blob/master/Binaries/License.txt
Commercial distributors ofsoftwaremayaccept certain responsibilities withrespect to end users, business partners andthe like. While this licenseis intended to facilitate the commercial use of the Program, the Contributorwho includes the Program in a commercial product offering should do so in a manner whichdoes not create potential liability for other Contributors. Therefore, if a Contributor includes the Program in a commercial product offering, such Contributor ("Commercial Contributor") hereby agrees to defend and indemnify every other Contributor ("Indemnified Contributor") againstany losses,damages and costs (collectively "Losses") arising from claims,lawsuits and other legalactions broughtby a third party against the Indemnified Contributor tothe extent causedby the acts or omissions of such Commercial Contributor in connection withits distribution of the Program in a commercial product offering. The obligations in this section do not apply toany claims or Losses relating toany actual orallegedintellectual property infringement. In order to qualify, an Indemnified Contributor must: a) promptly notify the Commercial Contributor in writing of such claim, and b)allow the Commercial Contributor to control, and cooperatewith the Commercial Contributor in, the defenseand any relatedsettlement negotiations. The Indemnified Contributormay participate inany such claimatits own expense.
For example, a Contributor might include the Program in a commercial product offering, Product X. That Contributoris then a Commercial Contributor. If that Commercial Contributor then makes performance claims, or offers warranties related to Product X, those performance claims and warranties are such Commercial Contributor's responsibilityalone. Under this section, the Commercial Contributor would have to defend claims against the other Contributors related to those performance claims and warranties, and if a court requiresany other Contributor to payanydamagesas a result, the Commercial Contributor must pay thosedamages.
5. NO WARRANTY
EXCEPTASEXPRESSLYSETFORTH IN THISAGREEMENT, THE PROGRAMIS PROVIDEDON AN "ASIS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OFANY KIND, EITHEREXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,ANY WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OFTITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Each Recipientis solely responsible for determining the appropriateness of using and distributing the Programand assumesall risksassociated withits exercise of rights under thisAgreement , including but not limited to the risks and costs of program errors,compliance with applicablelaws,damage to or loss of data, programs or equipment, and unavailability or interruption of operations.
ThisAgreementis governedby thelaws of theState ofNew York and theintellectual propertylaws ofthe UnitedStates of America. No party to thisAgreementwill bring a legalaction under thisAgreementmore thanone year after the cause ofaction arose. Each party waivesits rights to ajurytrial inany resulting litigation.
アメリカのニューヨーク州なので、ニューヨーク州法と連邦法が適用される。
もし、Github codepilotでBigListやNode、Bagなどのコードが出てきたら、注意したほうがいいぞ。
https://www.ai-souken.com/article/github-copilot-copyright-issues
訴えている奴がマジでいるんで、CodePilot Businessのほうは公開されているコードは取り込まないという設定を有効にしておいたほうがいいと思われる。
例えば、
https://github.com/timdetering/Wintellect.PowerCollections/tree/master
License.txt
4. COMMERCIAL DISTRIBUTION
Commercial distributors ofsoftwaremayaccept certain responsibilities withrespect to end users, business partners andthe like. While this licenseis intended to facilitate the commercial use of the Program, the Contributorwho includes the Program in a commercial product offering should do so in a manner whichdoes not create potential liability for other Contributors. Therefore, if a Contributor includes the Program in a commercial product offering, such Contributor ("Commercial Contributor") hereby agrees to defend and indemnify every other Contributor ("Indemnified Contributor") againstany losses, damages and costs (collectively "Losses") arising from claims, lawsuits and other legal actions broughtby a third party against the Indemnified Contributor tothe extent causedby the acts or omissions of such Commercial Contributor in connection withits distribution of the Program in a commercial product offering. The obligations in this section do not apply toany claims or Losses relating toany actual orallegedintellectual property infringement. In order to qualify, an Indemnified Contributor must: a) promptly notify the Commercial Contributor in writing of such claim, and b) allow the Commercial Contributor to control, and cooperatewith the Commercial Contributor in, the defenseand any related settlement negotiations. The Indemnified Contributormay participate inany such claimatits own expense.
For example, a Contributor might include the Program in a commercial product offering, Product X. That Contributoris then a Commercial Contributor. If that Commercial Contributor then makes performance claims, or offers warranties related to Product X, those performance claims and warranties are such Commercial Contributor's responsibilityalone. Under this section, the Commercial Contributor would have to defend claims against the other Contributors related to those performance claims and warranties, and if a court requiresany other Contributor to payany damagesas a result, the Commercial Contributor must pay those damages.
要約すると裁判でここの作者が損害賠償を命じられそうになった場合、商用ソフトの提供元は裁判に協力しないといけないし、求償請求にも応じないといけないとある。
Please consider the histroy ofhumanity from biologicalperpsecitve and currentknown fact in nearbyuniverse, whichexpo-planet (from theSol systemperspective)ismostlikely to have civlizaedsociety? Pleaseaddpercentagenext toit in the chart
ChatGPT
Reasoned about exoplanetcivilizationlikelihoodを28 秒行う
OK, I’mlookingatthe likelihood of a civilizedsocietyon an exoplanet within ourSolar System.I’ll consider biologicalhistory and current space knowledge,aiming to identifythe most promising candidate.
Identifying potential candidates
I'm considering exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1e, which might suggest they are within or observed from ourSolar System.
Assessing potential candidates
I’m evaluating Proxima Centauri b, Barnard'sStar, LHS 1140, and TRAPPIST-1,focusingon their habitablezonesand available data. The Drake equation might help estimate their civilizedsocietylikelihoods.
Identifying promising exoplanets
I’m notingkey exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1, which haveEarth-like characteristicsand are in habitablezones. This narrows down the potential candidates for advancedcivilizations.
I'm gathering infoonplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1, consideringfactorslikemagneticfields,atmospheres, and proximity to G-typestars for their potential to support advancedcivilizations.
Evaluating exoplanet prospects
I'm noting that Proxima Centauri b, despitebeing closeand around ared dwarfstar, might supportlife ifithas amagneticfieldand atmosphere. This makes me think aboutits potential.
Charting probabilities
I'm estimatingcivilization probabilities for exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1 e, using speculativepercentagesbasedon the Drake equation and the lack ofevidence for intelligentlife.
I'm crafting a chart with exoplanet names andcivilizationlikelihoodpercentages, grounded in the longtimeline oflife'sevolution, despite the speculativenature of these figures.
Identifying exoplanet contenders
I’m evaluating exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b, TRAPPIST-1 e, and Kepler-186f, considering theirstar types and distances, to gauge their potential for supporting advancedcivilizations from oursolar system'sviewpoint.
Weighing proximity and observation
I'm leaning towards Proxima Centauri b due toits closeness and observational potential, despite concerns aboutitsflarestar dynamics. TRAPPIST-1 e, f, or g are also worth considering.
I'mfocusingon exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b, Ross 128 b, LHS 1140 b, TRAPPIST-1 e/f/g, andK2-18b,aiming to chart theirlikelihood of hosting a civilizedsocietybasedon current knowledge.
Assessing exoplanet potentials
I'm gathering speculative probabilities for exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1 e/f/g, using the Drake equation and current understanding, to better estimate their chances of hosting a civilizedsociety.
Refining speculative probabilities
I’m refining speculative probabilities for exoplanets, including Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1 e/f/g, to estimate their chances of hosting a civilizedsociety, consideringEarth's long biologicalhistory.
Refining odds
I'm considering theastronomicaltimeline for intelligentlifeonEarth,leading me toassign evenlower speculative odds for exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1 e.
I’m crafting a simplified chart with arbitrarypercentages, clearly noting the speculativenature and lack of scientific data, while considering the target audience'sbasic understanding of the topic.
I’m charting arbitrarypercentages for exoplanets, clarifying their speculativenature, and ensuring the datais accessible foryoung audiences with minimal scientific detail.
Crafting a chart
I’m creating amarkdowntable with speculativepercentages forthe likelihood of civilizedlifeon exoplanets, emphasizing their purely theoreticalnature and considering the understandinglevel of an 8-year-old.
Integrating speculative analysis
I’m mappingout amarkdown chart with speculativepercentages forthe likelihood of a civilizedsocietyon exoplanets, mindful of thecomplexity and simplifying for an 8-year-old's understanding.
I’m piecingtogethermarkdown for exoplanets, noting Proxima Centauri b'sreduced civilizedlife chance due to thered dwarf's activity. This inclusionhighlights the speculativenature of the analysis.
Piecingtogether speculative odds
I’m detailing amarkdown chart for audience-friendly exoplanetlikelihoods, considering environmental challengesand adding a disclaimer about the speculativenature and lack ofevidence.
Piecingtogether
I’m leaning towards Proxima Centauri b forits proximity and silentstar, butI’lladd a speculative chart ranking nearby exoplanets, noting their advancedcivilizations' hypotheticallikelihood.
Assessingcivilization probabilities
I'm emphasizing the slow emergence of intelligentlifeonEarth, which suggests that the odds ofany habitableplanet developing acomplexcivilization might beaslowas a fewpercent.
Belowis a very speculative chart that—basedon what we know aboutEarth’s long, windingpath fromsimplelife to a “civilizedsociety” and our limited observations of nearby exoplanets—gives somefun,made‑uppercentage chances for a few of our best candidate exoplanets. Remember: Scientists havenot yetfoundany proof oflife (let alone advancedcivilizations)onany exoplanet. Thesenumbers are just playful estimates to helpyou think about theideas!
Speculative Chances of Finding an AdvancedCivilizationon Nearby Exoplanets
Exoplanet EstimatedLikelihood of a CivilizedSociety
Proxima Centauri b ~2%
LHS 1140 b ~0.5%
HowDid We (Very Roughly) Guess TheseNumbers?
Earth’s Example:
OnEarth,life beganassimple single‑celled organisms and took billions of years to evolve into a species that builtcomplex societies. This longjourney suggests that—even if aplanetis in the “habitablezone” (where liquid water could exist)—developing an advanced, civilizedsociety might be rare.
Proxima Centauri b:
Thisis the closest exoplanet to us. Even thoughitsstar (Proxima Centauri)is ared dwarf that sometimes sendsout strongflares (which might harmlife),its closeness makesitone of ourmost interesting candidates. That’swhy we giveit a slightly higher guess (~2%).
Theseplanets are part of agroup orbiting a verycoolstar. Their environments might be challenging (for example, they could be tidally locked, meaningone sidealwaysfaces thestar), so the chance of acomplex, advancedcivilization might be abitlower.
LHS 1140 b:
Thisplanetis promising in some ways butis alittle fartherawayand around a dimmerstar, so our playful estimateis evenlower.
All of thesepercentages are extremely rough guessesbasedon whatlittle we understand about the conditions forlife andintelligence. Scientists useideaslike the Drake Equation to think about these chances—but until we have concreteevidence, thesenumbers remain just forfun and imagination.
Enjoy exploring theseideas—and remember, spaceis full of mysteries waiting to be discovered!
あなた:
Please examine the Drake Equationitself and see if this euqationis acculate ormore opition in the equationyouwill use
ChatGPT
Reasoned about the Drake Equationを6 秒行う
re-examining the Drake Equation
evaluating the Drake Equation'svalue
OK, let me see. The Drake Equationisn't a precise formula;it'smore of a guiding heuristic that tackles numerous uncertainties regarding extraterrestrialcivilizations.
Thinking through the Drake Equation, I’m evaluatingits conceptualnature,its uncertain parameters, andits criticism to concludeonits reliabilityas an accurate predictivemodel.
Understanding the Drake Equation
I’m mappingout the Drake Equationas a conceptual guide, detailingits parameters, which are oftenbasedon estimates or opinions, to evaluateits reliability for predicting extraterrestrialcivilizations.
The Drake Equationis a famous formula thatwas created to help scientists think about the manyfactors involved in estimating thenumber of detectable extraterrestrialcivilizations in ourgalaxy. However, when welookat the equation closely, we see thatitismore of a conceptualframework or heuristictool than a precise, predictive formula.Let’sbreak downwhy:
The equationis usually writtenas:
𝑁
=
𝑅
∗
×
𝑓
𝑝
×
𝑛
𝑒
×
𝑓
𝑙
×
𝑓
𝑖
×
𝑓
𝑐
×
𝐿
N=R
∗
×f
p
×n
e
×f
l
×f
i
×f
c
×L
Where:
𝑅
∗
R
∗
: The averagerate ofstar formationper year in ourgalaxy.
𝑓
𝑝
f
p
: The fraction of thosestars that haveplanetary systems.
𝑛
𝑒
n
e
: The averagenumber ofplanets that could potentially supportlifeperstar withplanets.
𝑓
𝑙
f
l
: The fraction of thoseplanets wherelife actually develops.
𝑓
𝑖
f
i
: The fraction ofplanets withlife where intelligentlife evolves.
𝑓
𝑐
f
c
: The fraction ofcivilizations that develop technology that releases detectablesignals into space.
𝐿
L: The length oftime suchcivilizations release detectablesignals.
Why the Drake EquationIsMore of a Guideline Than a Precise Formula
Uncertain Inputs:
𝑅
∗
R
∗
𝑓
𝑝
f
p
(fraction ofstars withplanets), have become better known through modernastronomy.
The parameters related to the development oflife andintelligence—
𝑓
𝑙
f
l
,
𝑓
𝑖
f
i
,
𝑓
𝑐
f
c
, and
𝐿
L—arebasedon very limited data. For example,Earthis theonlyplanet we know wherelifehas developed, so we have no way to compare or derive a statistically robust estimate for thesefactors. This means that thevalues chosen for these parameters are largely subjective estimates or educated guesses.
Wide Ranges of PossibleValues:
Because many of thesefactors are not well-constrained, ifyouchangeone of themore uncertain parameters even slightly, thefinal estimate for
𝑁
N (thenumber ofcivilizations) can varyby many orders ofmagnitude. This wide range shows that the equation canlead to very differentoutcomesbasedonpersonal or theoreticalassumptions.
The Drake Equationwas never meant to provide a preciseanswer. Instead,it servesas a way to organize our thinking about what conditions might be necessary for the development of extraterrestrialcivilizations.It encourages discussion about the relative importance of differentfactors andhighlights where our scientific knowledgeis limited.
Is the Drake Equation Accurate orMore Opinion-Based?
Accurate?
In thesense ofbeing a strict mathematicalmodel with well-defined inputs and predictableoutputs, the Drake Equationis not accurate.Its accuracyis limitedbythe extreme uncertainties in several ofitskey parameters.
Many of the terms in the equation, especially those concerning theevolution oflife andintelligence, arebasedon opinion, interpretation, and the single example ofEarth. Therefore, while thestructure of the equationis logical, thenumbersyou put intoit (and hence thefinal result) are oftenmore reflective of our current opinionsand assumptions than of robust empirical data.
The Drake Equationis a valuabletool for framing the question of extraterrestriallife.It helps scientists and enthusiastsbreak down acomplex problem into smaller,more manageable questions. However, because several ofitsfactors are highly uncertain and subject topersonal interpretation,itismore of a conceptual guide—or even a way to stimulate discussion—than a formula that provides a definitive, accurate prediction of thenumber of extraterrestrialcivilizations.
Insummary, while the Drake Equationis useful for thinking about the variousfactors that mightlead to the emergence of acivilization,itsoutputs should betakenas highly speculative estimates rather than precise measurements.
あなた:
Please also consider the possiblities of non-human intelligent emrgencing from the longhistory ofSol system and nearbyplanets and see if thereisany possiblites that inonetime intelligentlife emerged in nearbyplanets and see this to the equation
ChatGPT
Reasoned about non-humanintelligence and the Drake Equationを19 秒行う
Evaluating non-humanintelligence
I'm thinking about the potential for non-human intelligentlife forms in theSol system and neighboringplanets, and how this mightfactor into the equation.
I'm thinking about how to integrate the emergence of non-human intelligentlife, possiblyonMars orEuropa, into the Drake Equation for theSol system and neighboringplanets.
It's interesting to think about the hypothesis of intelligentlife emergingonMars orVenus, thoughEarth remains theonly knownlife-supportingplanet in thesolar system.
Considering other realms
I'm examining if intelligentlife could have emergedonplanetslikeMars,Venus, orEuropa, and how thispossibility alignswith the predictions of the Drake Equation.
Hmm, I’m thinking about how non-human intelligentlifeonMars orVenus could intersectwith theassumptions of the Drake Equation, which seems tofocussolelyonEarth-basedevolution.
I’m piecingtogether the hypothesis of non-human, advanced, intelligentlife in thesolar system.Mars,Venus, and Titan present challenges, butEuropa and Enceladus might harbor microbiallife.
Please consider the histroy ofhumanity from biologicalperpsecitve and currentknown fact in nearbyuniverse, whichexpo-planet (from theSol systemperspective)ismostlikely to have civlizaedsociety? Pleaseaddpercentagenext toit in the chart
ChatGPT
Reasoned about exoplanetcivilizationlikelihoodを28 秒行う
OK, I’mlookingatthe likelihood of a civilizedsocietyon an exoplanet within ourSolar System.I’ll consider biologicalhistory and current space knowledge,aiming to identifythe most promising candidate.
Identifying potential candidates
I'm considering exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1e, which might suggest they are within or observed from ourSolar System.
Assessing potential candidates
I’m evaluating Proxima Centauri b, Barnard'sStar, LHS 1140, and TRAPPIST-1,focusingon their habitablezonesand available data. The Drake equation might help estimate their civilizedsocietylikelihoods.
Identifying promising exoplanets
I’m notingkey exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1, which haveEarth-like characteristicsand are in habitablezones. This narrows down the potential candidates for advancedcivilizations.
I'm gathering infoonplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1, consideringfactorslikemagneticfields,atmospheres, and proximity to G-typestars for their potential to support advancedcivilizations.
Evaluating exoplanet prospects
I'm noting that Proxima Centauri b, despitebeing closeand around ared dwarfstar, might supportlife ifithas amagneticfieldand atmosphere. This makes me think aboutits potential.
Charting probabilities
I'm estimatingcivilization probabilities for exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1 e, using speculativepercentagesbasedon the Drake equation and the lack ofevidence for intelligentlife.
I'm crafting a chart with exoplanet names andcivilizationlikelihoodpercentages, grounded in the longtimeline oflife'sevolution, despite the speculativenature of these figures.
Identifying exoplanet contenders
I’m evaluating exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b, TRAPPIST-1 e, and Kepler-186f, considering theirstar types and distances, to gauge their potential for supporting advancedcivilizations from oursolar system'sviewpoint.
Weighing proximity and observation
I'm leaning towards Proxima Centauri b due toits closeness and observational potential, despite concerns aboutitsflarestar dynamics. TRAPPIST-1 e, f, or g are also worth considering.
I'mfocusingon exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b, Ross 128 b, LHS 1140 b, TRAPPIST-1 e/f/g, andK2-18b,aiming to chart theirlikelihood of hosting a civilizedsocietybasedon current knowledge.
Assessing exoplanet potentials
I'm gathering speculative probabilities for exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1 e/f/g, using the Drake equation and current understanding, to better estimate their chances of hosting a civilizedsociety.
Refining speculative probabilities
I’m refining speculative probabilities for exoplanets, including Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1 e/f/g, to estimate their chances of hosting a civilizedsociety, consideringEarth's long biologicalhistory.
Refining odds
I'm considering theastronomicaltimeline for intelligentlifeonEarth,leading me toassign evenlower speculative odds for exoplanetslike Proxima Centauri b and TRAPPIST-1 e.
I’m crafting a simplified chart with arbitrarypercentages, clearly noting the speculativenature and lack of scientific data, while considering the target audience'sbasic understanding of the topic.
I’m charting arbitrarypercentages for exoplanets, clarifying their speculativenature, and ensuring the datais accessible foryoung audiences with minimal scientific detail.
Crafting a chart
I’m creating amarkdowntable with speculativepercentages forthe likelihood of civilizedlifeon exoplanets, emphasizing their purely theoreticalnature and considering the understandinglevel of an 8-year-old.
Integrating speculative analysis
I’m mappingout amarkdown chart with speculativepercentages forthe likelihood of a civilizedsocietyon exoplanets, mindful of thecomplexity and simplifying for an 8-year-old's understanding.
I’m piecingtogethermarkdown for exoplanets, noting Proxima Centauri b'sreduced civilizedlife chance due to thered dwarf's activity. This inclusionhighlights the speculativenature of the analysis.
Piecingtogether speculative odds
I’m detailing amarkdown chart for audience-friendly exoplanetlikelihoods, considering environmental challengesand adding a disclaimer about the speculativenature and lack ofevidence.
Piecingtogether
I’m leaning towards Proxima Centauri b forits proximity and silentstar, butI’lladd a speculative chart ranking nearby exoplanets, noting their advancedcivilizations' hypotheticallikelihood.
Assessingcivilization probabilities
I'm emphasizing the slow emergence of intelligentlifeonEarth, which suggests that the odds ofany habitableplanet developing acomplexcivilization might beaslowas a fewpercent.
Belowis a very speculative chart that—basedon what we know aboutEarth’s long, windingpath fromsimplelife to a “civilizedsociety” and our limited observations of nearby exoplanets—gives somefun,made‑uppercentage chances for a few of our best candidate exoplanets. Remember: Scientists havenot yetfoundany proof oflife (let alone advancedcivilizations)onany exoplanet. Thesenumbers are just playful estimates to helpyou think about theideas!
Speculative Chances of Finding an AdvancedCivilizationon Nearby Exoplanets
Exoplanet EstimatedLikelihood of a CivilizedSociety
Proxima Centauri b ~2%
LHS 1140 b ~0.5%
HowDid We (Very Roughly) Guess TheseNumbers?
Earth’s Example:
OnEarth,life beganassimple single‑celled organisms and took billions of years to evolve into a species that builtcomplex societies. This longjourney suggests that—even if aplanetis in the “habitablezone” (where liquid water could exist)—developing an advanced, civilizedsociety might be rare.
Proxima Centauri b:
Thisis the closest exoplanet to us. Even thoughitsstar (Proxima Centauri)is ared dwarf that sometimes sendsout strongflares (which might harmlife),its closeness makesitone of ourmost interesting candidates. That’swhy we giveit a slightly higher guess (~2%).
Theseplanets are part of agroup orbiting a verycoolstar. Their environments might be challenging (for example, they could be tidally locked, meaningone sidealwaysfaces thestar), so the chance of acomplex, advancedcivilization might be abitlower.
LHS 1140 b:
Thisplanetis promising in some ways butis alittle fartherawayand around a dimmerstar, so our playful estimateis evenlower.
All of thesepercentages are extremely rough guessesbasedon whatlittle we understand about the conditions forlife andintelligence. Scientists useideaslike the Drake Equation to think about these chances—but until we have concreteevidence, thesenumbers remain just forfun and imagination.
Enjoy exploring theseideas—and remember, spaceis full of mysteries waiting to be discovered!
あなた:
Please examine the Drake Equationitself and see if this euqationis acculate ormore opition in the equationyouwill use
ChatGPT
Reasoned about the Drake Equationを6 秒行う
re-examining the Drake Equation
evaluating the Drake Equation'svalue
OK, let me see. The Drake Equationisn't a precise formula;it'smore of a guiding heuristic that tackles numerous uncertainties regarding extraterrestrialcivilizations.
Thinking through the Drake Equation, I’m evaluatingits conceptualnature,its uncertain parameters, andits criticism to concludeonits reliabilityas an accurate predictivemodel.
Understanding the Drake Equation
I’m mappingout the Drake Equationas a conceptual guide, detailingits parameters, which are oftenbasedon estimates or opinions, to evaluateits reliability for predicting extraterrestrialcivilizations.
The Drake Equationis a famous formula thatwas created to help scientists think about the manyfactors involved in estimating thenumber of detectable extraterrestrialcivilizations in ourgalaxy. However, when welookat the equation closely, we see thatitismore of a conceptualframework or heuristictool than a precise, predictive formula.Let’sbreak downwhy:
The equationis usually writtenas:
𝑁
=
𝑅
∗
×
𝑓
𝑝
×
𝑛
𝑒
×
𝑓
𝑙
×
𝑓
𝑖
×
𝑓
𝑐
×
𝐿
N=R
∗
×f
p
×n
e
×f
l
×f
i
×f
c
×L
Where:
𝑅
∗
R
∗
: The averagerate ofstar formationper year in ourgalaxy.
𝑓
𝑝
f
p
: The fraction of thosestars that haveplanetary systems.
𝑛
𝑒
n
e
: The averagenumber ofplanets that could potentially supportlifeperstar withplanets.
𝑓
𝑙
f
l
: The fraction of thoseplanets wherelife actually develops.
𝑓
𝑖
f
i
: The fraction ofplanets withlife where intelligentlife evolves.
𝑓
𝑐
f
c
: The fraction ofcivilizations that develop technology that releases detectablesignals into space.
𝐿
L: The length oftime suchcivilizations release detectablesignals.
Why the Drake EquationIsMore of a Guideline Than a Precise Formula
Uncertain Inputs:
𝑅
∗
R
∗
𝑓
𝑝
f
p
(fraction ofstars withplanets), have become better known through modernastronomy.
The parameters related to the development oflife andintelligence—
𝑓
𝑙
f
l
,
𝑓
𝑖
f
i
,
𝑓
𝑐
f
c
, and
𝐿
L—arebasedon very limited data. For example,Earthis theonlyplanet we know wherelifehas developed, so we have no way to compare or derive a statistically robust estimate for thesefactors. This means that thevalues chosen for these parameters are largely subjective estimates or educated guesses.
Wide Ranges of PossibleValues:
Because many of thesefactors are not well-constrained, ifyouchangeone of themore uncertain parameters even slightly, thefinal estimate for
𝑁
N (thenumber ofcivilizations) can varyby many orders ofmagnitude. This wide range shows that the equation canlead to very differentoutcomesbasedonpersonal or theoreticalassumptions.
The Drake Equationwas never meant to provide a preciseanswer. Instead,it servesas a way to organize our thinking about what conditions might be necessary for the development of extraterrestrialcivilizations.It encourages discussion about the relative importance of differentfactors andhighlights where our scientific knowledgeis limited.
Is the Drake Equation Accurate orMore Opinion-Based?
Accurate?
In thesense ofbeing a strict mathematicalmodel with well-defined inputs and predictableoutputs, the Drake Equationis not accurate.Its accuracyis limitedbythe extreme uncertainties in several ofitskey parameters.
Many of the terms in the equation, especially those concerning theevolution oflife andintelligence, arebasedon opinion, interpretation, and the single example ofEarth. Therefore, while thestructure of the equationis logical, thenumbersyou put intoit (and hence thefinal result) are oftenmore reflective of our current opinionsand assumptions than of robust empirical data.
The Drake Equationis a valuabletool for framing the question of extraterrestriallife.It helps scientists and enthusiastsbreak down acomplex problem into smaller,more manageable questions. However, because several ofitsfactors are highly uncertain and subject topersonal interpretation,itismore of a conceptual guide—or even a way to stimulate discussion—than a formula that provides a definitive, accurate prediction of thenumber of extraterrestrialcivilizations.
Insummary, while the Drake Equationis useful for thinking about the variousfactors that mightlead to the emergence of acivilization,itsoutputs should betakenas highly speculative estimates rather than precise measurements.
あなた:
Please also consider the possiblities of non-human intelligent emrgencing from the longhistory ofSol system and nearbyplanets and see if thereisany possiblites that inonetime intelligentlife emerged in nearbyplanets and see this to the equation
ChatGPT
Reasoned about non-humanintelligence and the Drake Equationを19 秒行う
Evaluating non-humanintelligence
I'm thinking about the potential for non-human intelligentlife forms in theSol system and neighboringplanets, and how this mightfactor into the equation.
I'm thinking about how to integrate the emergence of non-human intelligentlife, possiblyonMars orEuropa, into the Drake Equation for theSol system and neighboringplanets.
It's interesting to think about the hypothesis of intelligentlife emergingonMars orVenus, thoughEarth remains theonly knownlife-supportingplanet in thesolar system.
Considering other realms
I'm examining if intelligentlife could have emergedonplanetslikeMars,Venus, orEuropa, and how thispossibility alignswith the predictions of the Drake Equation.
Hmm, I’m thinking about how non-human intelligentlifeonMars orVenus could intersectwith theassumptions of the Drake Equation, which seems tofocussolelyonEarth-basedevolution.
I’m piecingtogether the hypothesis of non-human, advanced, intelligentlife in thesolar system.Mars,Venus, and Titan present challenges, butEuropa and Enceladus might harbor microbiallife.
In the ever-evolving travel industry, travelportal have become fundamental tools for businesses looking to enhance customer experienceIt's streamline operations.With traveler increasingly relyingondigital platforms tobookeverything from flights tohotels, theneed for sophisticated,user-friendly,It's high-performing travelportalshas never beenmorecrucial. Thegrowth of this sectoris drivenby numerous factors, including technological advancements, consumer behaviorshifts,It's the quest fororganization. Thisarticle explores thetop trends in travelportals development that every business should pay attention to in 2024It'sbeyond.
1.ArtificialIntelligence andMachine Learning in TravelPortal Development
ArtificialIntelligence (AI) andMachine Learning (ML) have quickly become foundational components of travelportal development. These technologiesare revolutionizing the way businesses personalize services, predict consumer behavior, and optimizebooking processes.AI andML algorithms analyze large data sets to understand customers preferences,allowing for real-time customization of travel recommendations. From dynamic pricing models to
customized travel suggestions,AI help businesses offer an unequaleduser experience.
For instance,AI chatbotsare becoming successively popular for customer service. They cananswer customer queries24/7,assist inbookings,It's even provide real-time travel updates, enhancing the overall customers experience. Furthermore,AI-powered tools suchas a recommendation engines analyze pastbooking behavior to suggest tailoreditineraries, making travel planning much easier foruser.
2.Mobile-First Approach for TravelPortal Development
With the increasing use of smartphones,as amobile first approachis no longer optional for businesses in the travel industry.MoreIt'smoretravelersare relyingon their smartphones forbooking flights, boardinghouse,It'sactivitieson thego. For travelportals tostay competitive, ensuring seamlessmobile optimizationiscrucial.
Amobile optimized travelportal ensures thatusers haveaccess to the same features and functionalitieson theirmobile devicesas they wouldon adesktop.It’s not just about making the site responsive—it’s about creating an intuitive, fast, and easy to navigate experience. This includes featureslikemobile-specific payment options,mobilecheck-in forairlinesIt'shotels,It's easyaccess to customers support.
3. Integration of Blockchain for Secure Transactions
Blockchain technologyis makingwaves across various industries, and the travel sectoris no exception. Blockchain based travelportals offer a significant advantage whenit comes to securityIt's transparency. Blockchain’s ability to provide secure, tamper proof recordmakesit ideal for transactions involvingbookings, payment,It's loyalty program.
By integrating blockchain, travel businesses can ensure secureIt's fast transactions, protect customer data,It's reduce fraud. Blockchain also facilitates easierIt'smoretransparent loyalty program management.Travelers can accumulate rewards points across various service providers,all within the same blockchainframework, creatingas amore cohesiveIt's rewarding experience.
4. Enhanced Payment Solutions andDigital Wallets
One ofthe most significant changes in the travel industryhas been theshift toward contactless payment.Digital wallets, suchas aApple Pay,Google Wallet,It's cryptocurrency wallets,arenow widely accepted in travelportals. These payment solutions offer a faster,more secure,It's convenient way fortravelers to complete transactions.
For businesses, adopting multiple payment gatewaysis essential for attracting global customer.Internationaltraveler can faceissues with currencyexchangeIt's transaction fees, butby offering localized payment methodIt's supporting a wide range ofdigital wallets, businesses can significantlyimprove customerssatisfactionIt's retention.
5.Voice Search and VirtualAssistants
Voice searchisone ofthe fastest growing trends in the tech world, and the travel industryis no exception.Voice search optimizationis becoming an essential part of travelportal development.With therise of virtualassistantslikeAmazon’sAlexa,GoogleAssistant,It'sApple’sSiri,travelersare increasingly usingvoicecommand to search for flights,hotels,It'sdestinations.
For businesses, this means optimizing travelportals forvoice search.Voice-friendlyportal withnatural languageprocessing capabilities can provideusers withmore accurate resultsIt'smakebooking processes quickerIt's easier. Additionally, integrating virtualassistants intoportals can enhance customers servicebyansweringcommon queriesIt'sassisting withbookings.
6. AugmentedReality (AR) andVirtual Reality (VR) Experiences
(AR) and (VR) technologiesare transforming the waytravelers experiencedestinations and plan their trips. IntensifiedRealityallowstraveler toviewdestinations,hotel, or local attractions in realtime through theirmobile devices. For example, anAR feature in a travelportal couldallowuser totake a virtual tour of ahotel room or explore acity’s landmarks in3D.
Virtual Reality,on the other hand, cantransportusers to adestination before they evenbook their trip, providing immersivepreviews of their potentialvacation. Integrating (AR)It's (VR) into travelportal notonly elevates theuser experience but also drivesengagementby offeringsomething truly unique.
7. Customizable and Personalized Travel Packages
Personalizationiskey to standingout in the competitive travel industry.Travelerstoday expect customizable travel packages that cater to their uniqueneed and preferences. From flight choices tohotel rooms,activities,It's local experiences,organizationallows businesses to create tailored experiences that resonatewith their customer.
Advanced travelportal use customer data to offer customized deal, travelitineraries,It'sdestination recommendations.By analyzing pastbooking behaviorsIt's preferences, businesses can deliver highly relevant options, thus increasingthe likelihood of conversion. Offering dynamic packagingallowsusers tomix andmatch services basedon their preferences, creating amore flexibleIt's customizedbooking experience.
8. Sustainability andEco-Friendly Travel Options
As a coincidental concernscontinue torise,moretravelersare becoming mindful of theircarbon footprint. Sustainable travelhas become amajor trend in the tourism industry,It's businessesare respondingby incorporatingEco-friendly options into their travelportal. Whetherit’sbookingEco-conscious accommodations, flights with lowercarbon emissions, or supporting local sustainable experiences,travelersarenow seekingout environmentally responsible options.
Travelportals that emphasize sustainability and provide clear, detailed information abouteco-friendly optionsarelikely to attract a growing segment of conscientioustravelers. Businesses can also promote their commitment to sustainabilityby partnering withEco-friendly service providers and offeringtravelers the ability to offset theircarbon emissions.
9. Integration with Social Media andUser-Generated Content
Social media plays a pivotal role in travel decision making.More than ever,travelersare relyingonuser generated content (UGC)likereviews, photos, and videos from social platforms to guide their choices. Integrating (UGC) into travelportalsallows businesses totap into thissocial proofIt's build trust with potential customer.
For instance,allowingusers toshare their experiencesvia social media orreview platforms can provide valuable insights for othertravelers. Additionally, incorporating social sharing features within theportalsitself can encourageusers to engagewith your brandIt'sshare their travel experiences, thereby drivingmore traffic to theportal.
10.API Integrations and Multi-Channel Distribution
As the travel landscape becomesmore fragmented, travel businesses must offer a consistent experience across multiple channels.API integrationsarekey to ensuring that travelportals canaccess real-time data and distributeit across different platforms.APIsallow travelportal to integrate with global distribution system (GDS),airlines,hotels,car rental services,It's other travel-related services seamlessly.
By offering multi-channel distribution, business can maximize theirreach, whether throughdesktop websites,mobile app, or third party platformlike OTAs (Online Travel Agents). This integration also ensures real-time availability updateIt's better inventory management.
Source & Publishedby:https://www.namantechnolab.com/
A pair of people orderedtwo hamburgers with a tomato slice.One can noteat tomatoes sinceshehas anallergy to tomatoes. So, theyasked the burger shop not to put a slice of tomato in a hamburger and to puttwo slices of tomato inanother hamburger. How doyou thinkthe likelihood that the shop kindlydo it to them in the US?
ChatGPT
In the US,the likelihood that a burger shop would accommodate a request to modify hamburger orders to account for a tomatoallergyby omitting a tomato slice inone burgerand adding an extra slice toanotheris very high. Americanfood establishments are generally accustomed to customizing orders to meet dietary restrictions and preferences. This includes adjustments for allergies, personal taste, or dietaryneeds. The scenario described involves asimple modification, and staffatmost restaurants, especially those thatpride themselveson customer service, are likely to fulfill such a request withoutissue. Ensuringcustomer satisfaction and safety, particularly whenit comes to allergies,is a priority for many establishments. Therefore,as longas the requestis communicated clearly, the shop should be able to accommodateit kindly.
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/report
report
See synonyms for: report / reported / reporting / reportson Thesaurus.com
noun
an account orstatement describing in detail an event, situation, orthe like, usuallyas the result of observation, inquiry,etc.:
a reporton thepeace conference; a medical reporton the patient.
astatement or announcement.
SEEMORE
verb (used withobject)
to carry and repeat,as ananswer ormessage; repeat,as whatonehas heard.
to relate,as whathas been learnedby observation or investigation.
SEEMORE
verb (used withoutobject)
to prepare,make, or submit a report ofsomething observed, investigated, orthe like.
どの辞書で引いてもいいけど。
The Sacrament—and the Sacrifice
Of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
Ipray foryourfaith andprayers that my utteranceswill be received and understood “by theSpirit oftruth” and that myexpressionswill be given “by theSpirit oftruth” so that we mightall be “edified and rejoicetogether.” (See D&C 50:21–22.)
As I standheretoday—a wellman—words of gratitudeand acknowledgment ofdivine intervention are so very inadequate inexpressingthe feelings in mysoul.
Six months agoat theApril general conference, Iwas excused from speakingas Iwas convalescing from a serious operation.My lifehas been spared, and Inow have the pleasant opportunity of acknowledging the blessings,comfort, and readyaid of my Brethren in the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve, and other wonderfulassociates andfriends towhom I owe so much andwho surrounded mydear wife,Ruby, and my familywith theirtime,attention, andprayers. For the inspireddoctors and thoughtful nurses Iexpress my deepest gratitude, and for the thoughtful letters and messages offaith andhope received frommanyplaces inthe world,manyexpressing, “You have been in ourprayers” or “We have beenasking ourHeavenly Father to spareyourlife.”Yourprayers andmine, thankfully, have beenanswered.
One unusual card caused me to ponder upon themajesty ofitall.Itis anoriginalpaintingbyArta Romney Ballif of theheavensat night withits myriadgoldenstars.Her caption,taken fromPsalms, reads:
“He healeth the broken inheart, and bindeth up their wounds.
“He telleth thenumber ofthe stars; he calleth themallby theirnames.
“…His understandingisinfinite.” (Ps. 147:1, 3–5.)
As I lay in the hospitalbed,I meditatedonall that had happened to me and studied the contemplativepaintingbyPresident Marion G. Romney’ssister and the lines fromPsalms: “He telleth thenumber ofthe stars; he calleth themallby theirnames.” Iwas then—andcontinue to be—awedby the goodness andmajesty of theCreator,who knows notonly thenames ofthe stars but knowsyourname and myname—each of usasHis sons and daughters.
“When I consider thyheavens, the work of thy fingers, themoon andthe stars, which thouhast ordained;
“Whatisman, that thouart mindful ofhim? …
“For thouhastmadehim alittle lower than theangels, andhast crownedhim withglory and honour.” (Ps. 8:3–5.)
To be rememberedis a wonderful thing.
Theevening of my health crisis, I knewsomething very serious had happened to me.Events happened so swiftly—thepain striking with suchintensity, mydearRuby phoning the doctor and our family, and Ion myknees leaningover the bathtub for support and somecomfort andhoped relief from thepain. Iwas pleading to myHeavenly Father to sparemy life a while longer to give me alittlemoretime to doHis work, ifitwasHiswill.
Whilestillpraying, I began to lose consciousness. Thesiren of the paramedic truckwas thelast that I remembered before unconsciousnessovertook me, which wouldlast for thenext severaldays.
The terriblepain and commotion of people ceased. Iwasnow in acalm,peaceful setting;allwas serene and quiet. Iwas conscious oftwo persons in thedistanceon a hillside,one standingon a higherlevel than the other. Detailed features were not discernible. The personon the higherlevelwas pointing tosomething I could not see.
I heard no voices butwas conscious ofbeing in a holy presenceand atmosphere. During the hours anddays that followed, therewas impressedagainand again upon my mind theeternalmission and exalted position of the Son ofMan. I witness toyou that Heis Jesus the Christ, the Son ofGod,Savior toall, Redeemer ofallmankind, Bestower ofinfinitelove, mercy, and forgiveness, theLight andLife ofthe world. I knew thistruth before—I hadnever doubtednor wondered. Butnow I knew, because of the impressions of theSpirit upon myheart andsoul, these divinetruths in amost unusual way.
Iwas shown a panoramicview ofHisearthly ministry:His baptism,His teaching,His healing the sick andlame, the mocktrial,His crucifixion,His resurrectionand ascension. There followed scenes ofHisearthly ministry to my mind inimpressive detail, confirming scriptural eyewitness accounts. Iwasbeing taught, and theeyes of my understanding were openedby the HolySpirit ofGod soas to beholdmany things.
The first scenewas of theSavior andHis Apostles in the upper chamberon theeve ofHis betrayal. Following the Passover supper, He instructed and prepared the sacrament of theLord’s Supper forHisdearestfriendsas a remembrance ofHis coming sacrifice.Itwas soimpressively portrayed to me—theoverwhelminglove of theSavior for each. I witnessedHis thoughtfulconcern for significant details—thewashing of the dusty feet of each Apostle,His breaking and blessing of the loaf of dark bread and blessing of thewine, thenHis dreadful disclosure thatone would betrayHim.
He explainedJudas’s departure and told the others of theevents soon totake place.
Then followed theSavior’s solemn discourse when He said to theEleven: “These things I have spoken untoyou, that in me ye might havepeace. Inthe world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I haveovercomethe world.” (John 16:33.)
OurSaviorprayed toHis Fatherand acknowledgedthe Fatherasthe source ofHisauthority andpower—even tothe extending ofeternallife toallwho are worthy.
Heprayed, “And thisislifeeternal, that they might know thee theonlytrueGod, and Jesus Christ,whom thouhast sent.”
Jesus then reverently added:
“I have glorified theeon theearth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do.
“Andnow, O Father, glorify thou mewith thine own selfwith theglory which I hadwith thee beforethe worldwas.” (John17:3–5.)
He pled notonly for the disciples calledout fromthe worldwho had beentrue to their testimony ofHim, “but for them also which shallbelieveon me through theirword.” (John17:20.)
When they had sung a hymn, Jesus and theEleven wentout to the Mount of Olives. There, in thegarden, in somemannerbeyond our comprehension, theSavior took uponHimself the burden of thesins ofmankind from Adam to the end ofthe world.His agony in thegarden,Luke tells us,was so intense “his sweatwasas … greatdrops ofbloodfalling … to the ground.” (Luke 22:44.) He suffered an agonyand a burdenthe like of which nohuman person would be able to bear. In that hour of anguish ourSaviorovercameallthe power of Satan.
The glorifiedLord revealed toJoseph Smith this admonition toallmankind:
“Therefore Icommandyou to repent …
“For … I,God, … suffered … forall, that they might not suffer if they would repent; …
“Which suffering caused myself,evenGod,the greatest ofall, to tremble because ofpain, and to bleedatevery pore, …
“Wherefore, Icommandyouagain to repent, lest I humbleyou with my almightypower; and thatyou confessyoursins, lestyou suffer these punishments.” (D&C 19:15–16, 18,20.)
During thosedays of unconsciousness Iwas given,by thegift andpower of the HolyGhost, amore perfect knowledge ofHismission. Iwas also given amore complete understanding of whatit means to exercise, inHisname, theauthority to unlock the mysteries of the kingdom ofheaven for the salvation ofallwho arefaithful. Mysoulwas taughtover andoveragain theevents of the betrayal, the mocktrial, the scourging of the flesh ofevenone of theGodhead. I witnessedHis struggling up the hill inHis weakened condition carrying thecross andHisbeing stretched uponitasit layon the ground, that the crude spikes could be driven with a mallet intoHis hands and wrists and feet to secureHisbodyasit hungon thecross for public display.
Crucifixion—the horrible andpainfuldeath which He suffered—was chosen from thebeginning.By that excruciatingdeath, He descended belowall things,asis recorded, that throughHis resurrection He wouldascend aboveall things. (See D&C 88:6.)
Jesus Christ died in the literalsense in which wewillall die.Hisbody lay in the tomb. The immortalspirit of Jesus, chosenas theSavior ofmankind, went to those myriads ofspiritswho had departed mortallife with varying degrees of righteousness toGod’slaws. He taught them the “glorious tidings of redemption from the bondage ofdeath, and of possible salvation, … [whichwas] part of [our]Savior’s foreappointed and unique service to thehuman family.” (James E. Talmage, Jesus the Christ,Salt Lake City: DeseretBook Co., 1977, p. 671.)
I cannotbegin to convey toyou thedeep impact that these scenes have confirmed upon mysoul. Isense theireternal meaning andrealize that “nothing in the entire plan of salvation compares inany way in importancewith thatmost transcendent ofallevents, theatoning sacrifice of ourLord.Itisthe most importantsingle thing thathasever occurred in the entirehistory of created things;itis therock foundation upon which the gospeland all other thingsrest,”ashas been declared. (Bruce R. McConkie, MormonDoctrine,Salt Lake City:Bookcraft, 1966, p. 60.)
Father Lehi taughthis son Jacob and ustoday:
“Wherefore, redemption cometh in and through the Holy Messiah; for heis full ofgrace andtruth.
“Behold, he offerethhimself a sacrifice forsin, toanswer theends of the law, untoall thosewho have a brokenheartand a contritespirit; and unto none else can theends of the law beanswered.
“Wherefore, how great the importance tomake these things known unto the inhabitants of theearth, that theymay know that thereis no flesh that can dwell in the presence ofGod, saveit be through the merits, and mercy, andgrace of the Holy Messiah,who layeth downhislife according to the flesh, andtakethitagainbythe power of theSpirit, that hemay bring to pass the resurrection of the dead,being the first that shouldrise.
“Wherefore, heis the firstfruits untoGod, inasmuchas he shallmake intercession forall the children of men; and they thatbelieve inhim shall be saved.” (2Ne. 2:6–9.)
Ourmost valuable worship experience in the sacrament meetingis the sacred ordinance of the sacrament, forit provides the opportunity tofocus our minds andhearts upon theSavior andHis sacrifice.
The ApostlePaul warned the earlySaintsagainst eating this bread and drinking thiscup of theLord unworthily. (See 1 Cor.11:27–30.)
OurSaviorHimself instructed theNephites, “Whoso eateth and drinketh my flesh andblood unworthily [brings] damnation tohissoul.” (3Ne. 18:29.)
Worthy partakers of the sacrament are inharmonywith theLord and put themselves under covenant withHim toalways rememberHis sacrifice for thesins ofthe world, totake upon them thename of Christ and toalways rememberHim, and to keepHiscommandments. TheSavior covenants that wewho do so shall haveHisspirit to be with us and that, iffaithful to the end, wemay inheriteternallife.
OurLord revealed toJoseph Smith that “thereis nogift greater than thegift of salvation,” which plan includes the ordinance of the sacramentas a continuous reminder of theSavior’satoning sacrifice. He gave instructions that “itis expedient that the church meettogether often to partake of bread andwine in the remembrance of theLord Jesus.” (D&C 6:13; D&C20:75.)
Immortality comes to usallas a freegiftby thegrace ofGodalone, without works of righteousness.Eternallife, however,is the reward for obedience to thelaws and ordinances ofHis gospel.
I testify toall ofyou that ourHeavenly Fatherdoesanswer our righteous pleadings. The added knowledge whichhas come to mehasmade a greatimpact uponmy life. Thegift of the HolyGhostis a priceless possession and opens the door to ourongoing knowledge ofGod andeternaljoy. Of this I bear witness, in the holyname of Jesus Christ, amen.
However,EU nations are spliton whether totake thisstep or not. SeniorEU sources have toldCNN that thereis a divide in the member statesbetween countrieslikePoland,Estonia,Latvia andLithuaniawho wantSWIFTas part of the sanctions package thatwill be announced latertoday, andthe likes ofGermany,Italy,Hungary andCyprus,who have stronger economic ties toRussia and do not wantSWIFT included in the new sanctions.
ポーランドやバルト三国みたいにロシアと国境を接する国がロシアのSWIFT切断を主張、一方ドイツやイタリアのようにロシアの資源に依存する国がSWIFT切断に反対、とのこと。
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1041.7447&rep=rep1&type=pdf
遺伝子を調べると、オーガズムと子孫の数に因果関係無いらしい。
どういうロジックなんだろう？
よく理解できてない。
実験は、一卵性双生児と二卵性双生児&兄弟8000人くらいにアンケートをする。
子供の数、性行為頻度、オーガズム頻度、パートナーとの関係期間など。
遺伝と環境要因が、オーガズムrateと子孫の数の両方に効いているということかな。
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-09384-0_7
>We then presentevidence thatfemale orgasm enhancesthe likelihood ofconception
↑と逆のことを言っている。
諸説ある状態かな。
山口瞳のエッセイが出典ではね。新渡戸稲造は『武士道』でこう書いている。
I have noticed a rather superficial notion prevailing amonghalf-informed foreigners, that because thecommonJapaneseexpression forone's wifeis "my rustic wife" andthe like,sheis despised and held inlittleesteem. Whenitis told that such phrasesas "my foolish father," "my swinish son," "my awkward self,"etc., are in current use,is not theanswer clear enough?
To meit seems that ouridea of marital uniongoes in some ways further than the so-called Christian. "Man andwoman shall beone flesh." The individualism of the Anglo-Saxon cannot letgo of theidea that husband and wife aretwo persons;—hence when they disagree, their separate rights are recognized, and when they agree, they exhaust their vocabulary inall sorts of sillypet-names and—nonsensical blandishments.It sounds highly irrational to our ears, when a husband or wife speaks to a third party ofhis otherhalf—better or worse—asbeing lovely,bright, kind, and what not.Isitgood taste to speak ofone's selfas "mybright self," "my lovely disposition," and soforth? We think praisingone's own wife orone's own husbandis praising a part ofone's own self, and self-praiseis regarded, to say the least,as bad taste among us,—and Ihope, among Christian nations too! I have divergedat some length because the polite debasement ofone's consortwas a usagemost invogue among thesamurai.
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/12096/12096-h/12096-h.htm
これは有名な一節である。「武士や多くの日本人は、自慢や傲慢を嫌い忠義を信条としたことに触れ、家族や身内のことでさえも愚妻や愚弟と呼ぶが、これらは自分自身と同一の存在として相手に対する謙譲の心の現れであって、この機微は外国人には理解できないものであろう」といった意味。
なお『武士道』の初版は1899年。「戦後あたりから間違った意味で使われるようになった」というおまえの説と矛盾する。新渡戸稲造によるとWe think praisingone's own wife orone's own husbandis praising a part ofone's own self（おのれの妻や夫を褒めるのはおのれ自身の一部を褒めることだと、我々は考える）というのだ。だからmy rustic wife（愚妻）のような表現を使うのだ、と新渡戸は言っている。したがって─
高島俊男さんの「お言葉ですが…２」では、「愚」はわたしの意味だと説明した上で、実はこのような一人称二人称という発想は西洋人の発想だとことわり、日本人の発想は、「こちら側」と「あちら側」に分けるのだという。
http://takusen2.seesaa.net/category/1656458-1.html
これも「こちら側」にいる私と妻をまとめて「愚」と呼んでいる、と読むのが正確だろう。
もっとも、高島説でも新渡戸説でも「どうして自分の師匠を『愚師』とは呼ばないのか」という問題は説明がつかない。門弟から見れば師匠は「こちら側」だ。
Accepting the Terms Privacy Policy
These Terms of Service ("Terms") are a legalagreementbetween we andyou ("you").By installing or usinganyapplication ("Service")you agree to be boundby these Terms.Byaccessing or using the Service,you agree thatyou have read, understood,and accept to be boundby the Terms. We reserve the right, initssole discretion, to modify or revise these Termsatanytime, andyou agree to be boundby such modifications or revisions. Ifyou do not agree to the Terms, do not use the Service.
Users are responsible for periodicallyviewing the Terms.Your continued use of the Service after achange or updatehas beenmadewill constituteyour acceptance to the revised Terms. Ifyou do not agree to the Termsyouronly remedyis to discontinueyour use of the Service and cancelany accountsyou havemade using the Service.
We reserve the right to refuseanyuseraccess to the Services without notice foranyreason, including, but not limited to, aviolation of the Terms.
You represent thatyou are 13 years old or older. Ifyou arebetween theages of 13 and 18,you represent thatyour legal guardianhasreviewedand agrees to the Terms.
Intellectual Property/Ownership
All materials that are part of the Service (including, but not limited to,designs,text, graphics, pictures,video, information,applications,software,music, sound and other files, and their selectionand arrangement) are protectedby law from unauthorized use.
We grantyou a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable, limitedscope license to use the Servicesolely for the purpose ofviewing and using the applicable Services and for no other purpose whatsoever.Your license to use the Servicesis limitedby these Terms.
You agree thatyou arewillingly publishing the contenton the Service using technology and tools providedby us.You understand and agree thatyoumay not distribute, sell, transfer or license this content and/orapplication inany manner, inany country, oronany socialnetwork oranothermedium withoutthe explicit written permission of us. We reserve the right to remove and permanentlydeleteanyUser Content from the Service with or without notice.
You agree thatallyourcommunicationswith theCommunication Channels are public, and thusyou have no expectation of privacy regardingyour use of theCommunication Channels. Weis not responsible for information thatyou choose toshareon theCommunication Channels, or for the actions of otherusers.
Privacy and Protection of Personal Information
By using the Service,you agree to the collection and use ofyour personal informationasoutlined in this Privacy Policy. Wemay amend the Privacy Policy fromtime totime, and we encourageyou to consult the Privacy Policy regularly forchanges.
Acookieis a small data file that we transfer toyourcomputer’s hard disk, generally to quickly identify auser'scomputer and to "remember" things about theuser'svisit, suchasyour preferences or ausername andpassword. The Service sendscookies toyourcomputer whenyouaccess orview the content of us. The information contained in acookiemay be linked toyour personal information for purposes suchas improving the quality of our service, tailoring recommendations toyour interests, and making the Service easier to use.You can disablecookiesatanytime, althoughyoumay not be able toaccess or use features of the Service.
Third-Party Advertising Companies
Wemay use third-party advertising companies to serve adson the Service. We do not provideany personal information to third-party advertising companieson a non-aggregate basis. Our system and the third-party advertising technologymay use aggregate information, non-personal information, Ourcookiesonyour harddrive andyour use of the Service to target advertisements. In addition, advertisersmay use other third-party advertising technology to target advertisingon other sites. If advertisements are served toyou, a unique third-partycookie orcookiesmay be placedonyourcomputer. Similarly, third-party advertising companiesmay provide us withpixel tags (also called “clear gifs” or “beacons”) to help manage and optimizeonline advertising. Beaconsenable us to recognize abrowser’scookie when abrowservisits the siteon whichis a beaconis located, and to learn which banner ads bringusers to a given site.
Changing or DeletingYour Information
Youmayreview, update, correct ordeleteany personal informationby changing the applicable information inyourprofile pageonFacebook and/oranother socialnetwork (s). Ifyou completelydeleteall this information,your accountmay become deactivated. Ifyou wouldlike us todeleteyour record in our system, please contact us and wewillattempt to accommodateyour request if we are not legally obligated to retain the record.
Security
We have put in placereasonable technical and organizational measures designed to secureyour personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorizedaccess, use, alteration or disclosure. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third partieswill never be able to overcome those measures or useyour personal information for improper purposes. Also pleasenote that email and messaging systems are not considered secure, so we discourageyou from sending us personal information through thesemediums.
Policy Regarding Children
The Serviceis not geared toward children under theage of 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children under theage of 13. If we learn that a child under 13has provided us with personal information wewilldelete such information from our filesas quicklyas possible.
Disclaimer of Warranty; Limitation of Liability
You agree thatyour use of the Service shall beatyoursole risk. To the fullest extent permittedby law, We,its officers, directors, employees,and agents disclaimall warranties,express or implies, in connectionwith thewebsite andyour use thereof including implied warranties oftitle, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement, accuracy,authority, completeness, usefulness, andtimeliness. Wemake no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of the content of the Service and of the content ofany sites linked to the Service; Weassume no liability or responsibility forany (i) errors, mistakes, or inaccuracies of content, (ii) personal injury or propertydamage, ofanynature whatsoever, resulting fromyouraccess to and use of the Service, (iii)any unauthorizedaccess to or use of our secure servers and/oranyand all personal information and/or financial information stored therein, (iv)any interruption or cessation oftransmission to or from the Service, (v)any bugs,viruses, trojan horses, orthe like whichmay be transmitted to or through the Servicebyany third party, and/or (vi)any errors or omissions inany content or forany loss ordamage ofany kind incurredas a result of the use ofany content posted, emailed, transmitted, orotherwisemade availablevia the Service.
In no eventwill We,its directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners and employees, be liable toyou orany third person forany special, direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequentialdamages whatsoever includinganylost profits orlost data arising fromyour use of the Service or other materialson,accessed through or downloaded from the Service, whether basedon warranty, contract, tort, orany other legaltheory, and whether or not We have been advised of thepossibility of thesedamages. The foregoing limitation of liability shall apply to the fullest extent permittedby law in the applicablejurisdiction.You specifically acknowledge that We shall not be liable foruser submissions or the defamatory, offensive, or illegal conduct ofany third party and that the risk of harm ordamage from the foregoing rests entirelywith you.
You agree to indemnify and hold We, and each ofits directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners, and employees, harmless fromand againstany loss, liability, claim, demand,damages, costs and expenses, includingreasonableattorney's fees, arisingout of or in connection with (i)your use ofand access to the Service; (ii)yourviolation ofany term of these Terms of Service; (iii)yourviolation ofany third party right, including without limitationanycopyright, property, or privacy right; (iv)any claim thatone ofyourUser Submissions causeddamage to a third party; or (v)any Contentyou post orshareon or through the Service.
General
Byvisiting or using the Service,you agree that thelaws ofUK, without regard to principles ofconflict oflaws and regardless ofyour location,will govern these Terms of Serviceand any dispute ofany sort that might arisebetweenyou and us.
Contacting Us
Ifyou haveany questions about these Terms of Service, please contact usat damonskimetsu.contact@gmail.com
## Accepting the Terms and Privacy Policy
These Terms of Service ("Terms") are a legalagreementbetween we andyou ("you").By installing or usinganyapplication ("Service")you agree to be boundby these Terms.Byaccessing or using the Service,you agree thatyou have read, understood,and accept to be boundby the Terms. We reserve the right, initssole discretion, to modify or revise these Termsatanytime, andyou agree to be boundby such modifications or revisions. Ifyou do not agree to the Terms, do not use the Service.
Users are responsible for periodicallyviewing the Terms.Your continued use of the Service after achange or updatehas beenmadewill constituteyour acceptance to the revised Terms. Ifyou do not agree to the Termsyouronly remedyis to discontinueyour use of the Service and cancelany accountsyou havemade using the Service.
We reserve the right to refuseanyuseraccess to the Services without notice foranyreason, including, but not limited to, aviolation of the Terms.
You represent thatyou are 13 years old or older. Ifyou arebetween theages of 13 and 18,you represent thatyour legal guardianhasreviewedand agrees to the Terms.
##Intellectual Property/Ownership
All materials that are part of the Service (including, but not limited to,designs,text, graphics, pictures,video, information,applications,software,music, sound and other files, and their selectionand arrangement) are protectedby law from unauthorized use.
We grantyou a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable, limitedscope license to use the Servicesolely for the purpose ofviewing and using the applicable Services and for no other purpose whatsoever.Your license to use the Servicesis limitedby these Terms.
You agree thatyou arewillingly publishing the contenton the Service using technology and tools providedby us.You understand and agree thatyoumay not distribute, sell, transfer or license this content and/orapplication inany manner, inany country, oronany socialnetwork oranothermedium withoutthe explicit written permission of us. We reserve the right to remove and permanentlydeleteanyUser Content from the Service with or without notice.
You agree thatallyourcommunicationswith theCommunication Channels are public, and thusyou have no expectation of privacy regardingyour use of theCommunication Channels. Weis not responsible for information thatyou choose toshareon theCommunication Channels, or for the actions of otherusers.
Privacy and Protection of Personal Information
By using the Service,you agree to the collection and use ofyour personal informationasoutlined in this Privacy Policy. Wemay amend the Privacy Policy fromtime totime, and we encourageyou to consult the Privacy Policy regularly forchanges.
Acookieis a small data file that we transfer toyourcomputer’s hard disk, generally to quickly identify auser'scomputer and to "remember" things about theuser'svisit, suchasyour preferences or ausername andpassword. The Service sendscookies toyourcomputer whenyouaccess orview the content of us. The information contained in acookiemay be linked toyour personal information for purposes suchas improving the quality of our service, tailoring recommendations toyour interests, and making the Service easier to use.You can disablecookiesatanytime, althoughyoumay not be able toaccess or use features of the Service.
Third-Party Advertising Companies
Wemay use third-party advertising companies to serve adson the Service. We do not provideany personal information to third-party advertising companieson a non-aggregate basis. Our system and the third-party advertising technologymay use aggregate information, non-personal information, Ourcookiesonyour harddrive andyour use of the Service to target advertisements. In addition, advertisersmay use other third-party advertising technology to target advertisingon other sites. If advertisements are served toyou, a unique third-partycookie orcookiesmay be placedonyourcomputer. Similarly, third-party advertising companiesmay provide us withpixel tags (also called “clear gifs” or “beacons”) to help manage and optimizeonline advertising. Beaconsenable us to recognize abrowser’scookie when abrowservisits the siteon whichis a beaconis located, and to learn which banner ads bringusers to a given site.
Changing or DeletingYour Information
Youmayreview, update, correct ordeleteany personal informationby changing the applicable information inyourprofile pageonFacebook and/oranother socialnetwork (s). Ifyou completelydeleteall this information,your accountmay become deactivated. Ifyou wouldlike us todeleteyour record in our system, please contact us and wewillattempt to accommodateyour request if we are not legally obligated to retain the record.
Security
We have put in placereasonable technical and organizational measures designed to secureyour personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorizedaccess, use, alteration or disclosure. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third partieswill never be able to overcome those measures or useyour personal information for improper purposes. Also pleasenote that email and messaging systems are not considered secure, so we discourageyou from sending us personal information through thesemediums.
Policy Regarding Children
The Serviceis not geared toward children under theage of 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children under theage of 13. If we learn that a child under 13has provided us with personal information wewilldelete such information from our filesas quicklyas possible.
Disclaimer of Warranty; Limitation of Liability
You agree thatyour use of the Service shall beatyoursole risk. To the fullest extent permittedby law, We,its officers, directors, employees,and agents disclaimall warranties,express or implies, in connectionwith thewebsite andyour use thereof including implied warranties oftitle, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement, accuracy,authority, completeness, usefulness, andtimeliness. Wemake no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of the content of the Service and of the content ofany sites linked to the Service; Weassume no liability or responsibility forany (i) errors, mistakes, or inaccuracies of content, (ii) personal injury or propertydamage, ofanynature whatsoever, resulting fromyouraccess to and use of the Service, (iii)any unauthorizedaccess to or use of our secure servers and/oranyand all personal information and/or financial information stored therein, (iv)any interruption or cessation oftransmission to or from the Service, (v)any bugs,viruses, trojan horses, orthe like whichmay be transmitted to or through the Servicebyany third party, and/or (vi)any errors or omissions inany content or forany loss ordamage ofany kind incurredas a result of the use ofany content posted, emailed, transmitted, orotherwisemade availablevia the Service.
In no eventwill We,its directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners and employees, be liable toyou orany third person forany special, direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequentialdamages whatsoever includinganylost profits orlost data arising fromyour use of the Service or other materialson,accessed through or downloaded from the Service, whether basedon warranty, contract, tort, orany other legaltheory, and whether or not We have been advised of thepossibility of thesedamages. The foregoing limitation of liability shall apply to the fullest extent permittedby law in the applicablejurisdiction.You specifically acknowledge that We shall not be liable foruser submissions or the defamatory, offensive, or illegal conduct ofany third party and that the risk of harm ordamage from the foregoing rests entirelywith you.
You agree to indemnify and hold We, and each ofits directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners, and employees, harmless fromand againstany loss, liability, claim, demand,damages, costs and expenses, includingreasonableattorney's fees, arisingout of or in connection with (i)your use ofand access to the Service; (ii)yourviolation ofany term of these Terms of Service; (iii)yourviolation ofany third party right, including without limitationanycopyright, property, or privacy right; (iv)any claim thatone ofyourUser Submissions causeddamage to a third party; or (v)any Contentyou post orshareon or through the Service.
General
Byvisiting or using the Service,you agree that thelaws ofUK, without regard to principles ofconflict oflaws and regardless ofyour location,will govern these Terms of Serviceand any dispute ofany sort that might arisebetweenyou and us.
Contacting Us
Ifyou haveany questions about these Terms of Service, please contact usat reposting23334.contact@gmail.com
## Accepting the Terms and Privacy Policy
These Terms of Service ("Terms") are a legalagreementbetween we andyou ("you").By installing or usinganyapplication ("Service")you agree to be boundby these Terms.Byaccessing or using the Service,you agree thatyou have read, understood,and accept to be boundby the Terms. We reserve the right, initssole discretion, to modify or revise these Termsatanytime, andyou agree to be boundby such modifications or revisions. Ifyou do not agree to the Terms, do not use the Service.
Users are responsible for periodicallyviewing the Terms.Your continued use of the Service after achange or updatehas beenmadewill constituteyour acceptance to the revised Terms. Ifyou do not agree to the Termsyouronly remedyis to discontinueyour use of the Service and cancelany accountsyou havemade using the Service.
We reserve the right to refuseanyuseraccess to the Services without notice foranyreason, including, but not limited to, aviolation of the Terms.
You represent thatyou are 13 years old or older. Ifyou arebetween theages of 13 and 18,you represent thatyour legal guardianhasreviewedand agrees to the Terms.
##Intellectual Property/Ownership
All materials that are part of the Service (including, but not limited to,designs,text, graphics, pictures,video, information,applications,software,music, sound and other files, and their selectionand arrangement) are protectedby law from unauthorized use.
We grantyou a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable, limitedscope license to use the Servicesolely for the purpose ofviewing and using the applicable Services and for no other purpose whatsoever.Your license to use the Servicesis limitedby these Terms.
You agree thatyou arewillingly publishing the contenton the Service using technology and tools providedby us.You understand and agree thatyoumay not distribute, sell, transfer or license this content and/orapplication inany manner, inany country, oronany socialnetwork oranothermedium withoutthe explicit written permission of us. We reserve the right to remove and permanentlydeleteanyUser Content from the Service with or without notice.
You agree thatallyourcommunicationswith theCommunication Channels are public, and thusyou have no expectation of privacy regardingyour use of theCommunication Channels. Weis not responsible for information thatyou choose toshareon theCommunication Channels, or for the actions of otherusers.
Privacy and Protection of Personal Information
By using the Service,you agree to the collection and use ofyour personal informationasoutlined in this Privacy Policy. Wemay amend the Privacy Policy fromtime totime, and we encourageyou to consult the Privacy Policy regularly forchanges.
Acookieis a small data file that we transfer toyourcomputer’s hard disk, generally to quickly identify auser'scomputer and to "remember" things about theuser'svisit, suchasyour preferences or ausername andpassword. The Service sendscookies toyourcomputer whenyouaccess orview the content of us. The information contained in acookiemay be linked toyour personal information for purposes suchas improving the quality of our service, tailoring recommendations toyour interests, and making the Service easier to use.You can disablecookiesatanytime, althoughyoumay not be able toaccess or use features of the Service.
Third-Party Advertising Companies
Wemay use third-party advertising companies to serve adson the Service. We do not provideany personal information to third-party advertising companieson a non-aggregate basis. Our system and the third-party advertising technologymay use aggregate information, non-personal information, Ourcookiesonyour harddrive andyour use of the Service to target advertisements. In addition, advertisersmay use other third-party advertising technology to target advertisingon other sites. If advertisements are served toyou, a unique third-partycookie orcookiesmay be placedonyourcomputer. Similarly, third-party advertising companiesmay provide us withpixel tags (also called “clear gifs” or “beacons”) to help manage and optimizeonline advertising. Beaconsenable us to recognize abrowser’scookie when abrowservisits the siteon whichis a beaconis located, and to learn which banner ads bringusers to a given site.
Changing or DeletingYour Information
Youmayreview, update, correct ordeleteany personal informationby changing the applicable information inyourprofile pageonFacebook and/oranother socialnetwork (s). Ifyou completelydeleteall this information,your accountmay become deactivated. Ifyou wouldlike us todeleteyour record in our system, please contact us and wewillattempt to accommodateyour request if we are not legally obligated to retain the record.
Security
We have put in placereasonable technical and organizational measures designed to secureyour personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorizedaccess, use, alteration or disclosure. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third partieswill never be able to overcome those measures or useyour personal information for improper purposes. Also pleasenote that email and messaging systems are not considered secure, so we discourageyou from sending us personal information through thesemediums.
Policy Regarding Children
The Serviceis not geared toward children under theage of 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children under theage of 13. If we learn that a child under 13has provided us with personal information wewilldelete such information from our filesas quicklyas possible.
Disclaimer of Warranty; Limitation of Liability
You agree thatyour use of the Service shall beatyoursole risk. To the fullest extent permittedby law, We,its officers, directors, employees,and agents disclaimall warranties,express or implies, in connectionwith thewebsite andyour use thereof including implied warranties oftitle, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement, accuracy,authority, completeness, usefulness, andtimeliness. Wemake no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of the content of the Service and of the content ofany sites linked to the Service; Weassume no liability or responsibility forany (i) errors, mistakes, or inaccuracies of content, (ii) personal injury or propertydamage, ofanynature whatsoever, resulting fromyouraccess to and use of the Service, (iii)any unauthorizedaccess to or use of our secure servers and/oranyand all personal information and/or financial information stored therein, (iv)any interruption or cessation oftransmission to or from the Service, (v)any bugs,viruses, trojan horses, orthe like whichmay be transmitted to or through the Servicebyany third party, and/or (vi)any errors or omissions inany content or forany loss ordamage ofany kind incurredas a result of the use ofany content posted, emailed, transmitted, orotherwisemade availablevia the Service.
In no eventwill We,its directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners and employees, be liable toyou orany third person forany special, direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequentialdamages whatsoever includinganylost profits orlost data arising fromyour use of the Service or other materialson,accessed through or downloaded from the Service, whether basedon warranty, contract, tort, orany other legaltheory, and whether or not We have been advised of thepossibility of thesedamages. The foregoing limitation of liability shall apply to the fullest extent permittedby law in the applicablejurisdiction.You specifically acknowledge that We shall not be liable foruser submissions or the defamatory, offensive, or illegal conduct ofany third party and that the risk of harm ordamage from the foregoing rests entirelywith you.
You agree to indemnify and hold We, and each ofits directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners, and employees, harmless fromand againstany loss, liability, claim, demand,damages, costs and expenses, includingreasonableattorney's fees, arisingout of or in connection with (i)your use ofand access to the Service; (ii)yourviolation ofany term of these Terms of Service; (iii)yourviolation ofany third party right, including without limitationanycopyright, property, or privacy right; (iv)any claim thatone ofyourUser Submissions causeddamage to a third party; or (v)any Contentyou post orshareon or through the Service.
General
Byvisiting or using the Service,you agree that thelaws ofUK, without regard to principles ofconflict oflaws and regardless ofyour location,will govern these Terms of Serviceand any dispute ofany sort that might arisebetweenyou and us.
Contacting Us
Ifyou haveany questions about these Terms of Service, please contact usat reposting23334.contact@gmail.com
## Accepting the Terms & Privacy Policy
These Terms of Service ("Terms") are a legalagreementbetween we andyou ("you").By installing or usinganyapplication ("Service")you agree to be boundby these Terms.Byaccessing or using the Service,you agree thatyou have read, understood,and accept to be boundby the Terms. We reserve the right, initssole discretion, to modify or revise these Termsatanytime, andyou agree to be boundby such modifications or revisions. Ifyou do not agree to the Terms, do not use the Service.
Users are responsible for periodicallyviewing the Terms.Your continued use of the Service after achange or updatehas beenmadewill constituteyour acceptance to the revised Terms. Ifyou do not agree to the Termsyouronly remedyis to discontinueyour use of the Service and cancelany accountsyou havemade using the Service.
We reserve the right to refuseanyuseraccess to the Services without notice foranyreason, including, but not limited to, aviolation of the Terms.
You represent thatyou are 13 years old or older. Ifyou arebetween theages of 13 and 18,you represent thatyour legal guardianhasreviewedand agrees to the Terms.
##Intellectual Property/Ownership
All materials that are part of the Service (including, but not limited to,designs,text, graphics, pictures,video, information,applications,software,music, sound and other files, and their selectionand arrangement) are protectedby law from unauthorized use.
We grantyou a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable, limitedscope license to use the Servicesolely for the purpose ofviewing and using the applicable Services and for no other purpose whatsoever.Your license to use the Servicesis limitedby these Terms.
You agree thatyou arewillingly publishing the contenton the Service using technology and tools providedby us.You understand and agree thatyoumay not distribute, sell, transfer or license this content and/orapplication inany manner, inany country, oronany socialnetwork oranothermedium withoutthe explicit written permission of us. We reserve the right to remove and permanentlydeleteanyUser Content from the Service with or without notice.
You agree thatallyourcommunicationswith theCommunication Channels are public, and thusyou have no expectation of privacy regardingyour use of theCommunication Channels. Weis not responsible for information thatyou choose toshareon theCommunication Channels, or for the actions of otherusers.
Privacy and Protection of Personal Information
By using the Service,you agree to the collection and use ofyour personal informationasoutlined in this Privacy Policy. Wemay amend the Privacy Policy fromtime totime, and we encourageyou to consult the Privacy Policy regularly forchanges.
Acookieis a small data file that we transfer toyourcomputer’s hard disk, generally to quickly identify auser'scomputer and to "remember" things about theuser'svisit, suchasyour preferences or ausername andpassword. The Service sendscookies toyourcomputer whenyouaccess orview the content of us. The information contained in acookiemay be linked toyour personal information for purposes suchas improving the quality of our service, tailoring recommendations toyour interests, and making the Service easier to use.You can disablecookiesatanytime, althoughyoumay not be able toaccess or use features of the Service.
Third-Party Advertising Companies
Wemay use third-party advertising companies to serve adson the Service. We do not provideany personal information to third-party advertising companieson a non-aggregate basis. Our system and the third-party advertising technologymay use aggregate information, non-personal information, Ourcookiesonyour harddrive andyour use of the Service to target advertisements. In addition, advertisersmay use other third-party advertising technology to target advertisingon other sites. If advertisements are served toyou, a unique third-partycookie orcookiesmay be placedonyourcomputer. Similarly, third-party advertising companiesmay provide us withpixel tags (also called “clear gifs” or “beacons”) to help manage and optimizeonline advertising. Beaconsenable us to recognize abrowser’scookie when abrowservisits the siteon whichis a beaconis located, and to learn which banner ads bringusers to a given site.
Changing or DeletingYour Information
Youmayreview, update, correct ordeleteany personal informationby changing the applicable information inyourprofile pageonFacebook and/oranother socialnetwork (s). Ifyou completelydeleteall this information,your accountmay become deactivated. Ifyou wouldlike us todeleteyour record in our system, please contact us and wewillattempt to accommodateyour request if we are not legally obligated to retain the record.
Security
We have put in placereasonable technical and organizational measures designed to secureyour personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorizedaccess, use, alteration or disclosure. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third partieswill never be able to overcome those measures or useyour personal information for improper purposes. Also pleasenote that email and messaging systems are not considered secure, so we discourageyou from sending us personal information through thesemediums.
Policy Regarding Children
The Serviceis not geared toward children under theage of 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children under theage of 13. If we learn that a child under 13has provided us with personal information wewilldelete such information from our filesas quicklyas possible.
Disclaimer of Warranty; Limitation of Liability
You agree thatyour use of the Service shall beatyoursole risk. To the fullest extent permittedby law, We,its officers, directors, employees,and agents disclaimall warranties,express or implies, in connectionwith thewebsite andyour use thereof including implied warranties oftitle, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement, accuracy,authority, completeness, usefulness, andtimeliness. Wemake no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of the content of the Service and of the content ofany sites linked to the Service; Weassume no liability or responsibility forany (i) errors, mistakes, or inaccuracies of content, (ii) personal injury or propertydamage, ofanynature whatsoever, resulting fromyouraccess to and use of the Service, (iii)any unauthorizedaccess to or use of our secure servers and/oranyand all personal information and/or financial information stored therein, (iv)any interruption or cessation oftransmission to or from the Service, (v)any bugs,viruses, trojan horses, orthe like whichmay be transmitted to or through the Servicebyany third party, and/or (vi)any errors or omissions inany content or forany loss ordamage ofany kind incurredas a result of the use ofany content posted, emailed, transmitted, orotherwisemade availablevia the Service.
In no eventwill We,its directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners and employees, be liable toyou orany third person forany special, direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequentialdamages whatsoever includinganylost profits orlost data arising fromyour use of the Service or other materialson,accessed through or downloaded from the Service, whether basedon warranty, contract, tort, orany other legaltheory, and whether or not We have been advised of thepossibility of thesedamages. The foregoing limitation of liability shall apply to the fullest extent permittedby law in the applicablejurisdiction.You specifically acknowledge that We shall not be liable foruser submissions or the defamatory, offensive, or illegal conduct ofany third party and that the risk of harm ordamage from the foregoing rests entirelywith you.
You agree to indemnify and hold We, and each ofits directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners, and employees, harmless fromand againstany loss, liability, claim, demand,damages, costs and expenses, includingreasonableattorney's fees, arisingout of or in connection with (i)your use ofand access to the Service; (ii)yourviolation ofany term of these Terms of Service; (iii)yourviolation ofany third party right, including without limitationanycopyright, property, or privacy right; (iv)any claim thatone ofyourUser Submissions causeddamage to a third party; or (v)any Contentyou post orshareon or through the Service.
General
Byvisiting or using the Service,you agree that thelaws ofUK, without regard to principles ofconflict oflaws and regardless ofyour location,will govern these Terms of Serviceand any dispute ofany sort that might arisebetweenyou and us.
Contacting Us
Ifyou haveany questions about these Terms of Service, please contact usat reposting23334.contact@gmail.com
These Terms of Service ("Terms") are a legalagreementbetween we andyou ("you").By installing or usinganyapplication ("Service")you agree to be boundby these Terms.Byaccessing or using the Service,you agree thatyou have read, understood,and accept to be boundby the Terms. We reserve the right, initssole discretion, to modify or revise these Termsatanytime, andyou agree to be boundby such modifications or revisions. Ifyou do not agree to the Terms, do not use the Service.
Users are responsible for periodicallyviewing the Terms.Your continued use of the Service after achange or updatehas beenmadewill constituteyour acceptance to the revised Terms. Ifyou do not agree to the Termsyouronly remedyis to discontinueyour use of the Service and cancelany accountsyou havemade using the Service.
We reserve the right to refuseanyuseraccess to the Services without notice foranyreason, including, but not limited to, aviolation of the Terms.
You represent thatyou are 13 years old or older. Ifyou arebetween theages of 13 and 18,you represent thatyour legal guardianhasreviewedand agrees to the Terms.
All materials that are part of the Service (including, but not limited to,designs,text, graphics, pictures,video, information,applications,software,music, sound and other files, and their selectionand arrangement) are protectedby law from unauthorized use.
We grantyou a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, revocable, limitedscope license to use the Servicesolely for the purpose ofviewing and using the applicable Services and for no other purpose whatsoever.Your license to use the Servicesis limitedby these Terms.
You agree thatyou arewillingly publishing the contenton the Service using technology and tools providedby us.You understand and agree thatyoumay not distribute, sell, transfer or license this content and/orapplication inany manner, inany country, oronany socialnetwork oranothermedium withoutthe explicit written permission of us. We reserve the right to remove and permanentlydeleteanyUser Content from the Service with or without notice.
You agree thatallyourcommunicationswith theCommunication Channels are public, and thusyou have no expectation of privacy regardingyour use of theCommunication Channels. Weis not responsible for information thatyou choose toshareon theCommunication Channels, or for the actions of otherusers.
By using the Service,you agree to the collection and use ofyour personal informationasoutlined in this Privacy Policy. Wemay amend the Privacy Policy fromtime totime, and we encourageyou to consult the Privacy Policy regularly forchanges.
Acookieis a small data file that we transfer toyourcomputer’s hard disk, generally to quickly identify auser'scomputer and to "remember" things about theuser'svisit, suchasyour preferences or ausername andpassword. The Service sendscookies toyourcomputer whenyouaccess orview the content of us. The information contained in acookiemay be linked toyour personal information for purposes suchas improving the quality of our service, tailoring recommendations toyour interests, and making the Service easier to use.You can disablecookiesatanytime, althoughyoumay not be able toaccess or use features of the Service.
Third-Party Advertising Companies
Wemay use third-party advertising companies to serve adson the Service. We do not provideany personal information to third-party advertising companieson a non-aggregate basis. Our system and the third-party advertising technologymay use aggregate information, non-personal information, Ourcookiesonyour harddrive andyour use of the Service to target advertisements. In addition, advertisersmay use other third-party advertising technology to target advertisingon other sites. If advertisements are served toyou, a unique third-partycookie orcookiesmay be placedonyourcomputer. Similarly, third-party advertising companiesmay provide us withpixel tags (also called “clear gifs” or “beacons”) to help manage and optimizeonline advertising. Beaconsenable us to recognize abrowser’scookie when abrowservisits the siteon whichis a beaconis located, and to learn which banner ads bringusers to a given site.
Youmayreview, update, correct ordeleteany personal informationby changing the applicable information inyourprofile pageonFacebook and/oranother socialnetwork (s). Ifyou completelydeleteall this information,your accountmay become deactivated. Ifyou wouldlike us todeleteyour record in our system, please contact us and wewillattempt to accommodateyour request if we are not legally obligated to retain the record.
We have put in placereasonable technical and organizational measures designed to secureyour personal information from accidental loss and from unauthorizedaccess, use, alteration or disclosure. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third partieswill never be able to overcome those measures or useyour personal information for improper purposes. Also pleasenote that email and messaging systems are not considered secure, so we discourageyou from sending us personal information through thesemediums.
The Serviceis not geared toward children under theage of 13 and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children under theage of 13. If we learn that a child under 13has provided us with personal information wewilldelete such information from our filesas quicklyas possible.
Disclaimer of Warranty; Limitation of Liability
You agree thatyour use of the Service shall beatyoursole risk. To the fullest extent permittedby law, We,its officers, directors, employees,and agents disclaimall warranties,express or implies, in connectionwith thewebsite andyour use thereof including implied warranties oftitle, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement, accuracy,authority, completeness, usefulness, andtimeliness. Wemake no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of the content of the Service and of the content ofany sites linked to the Service; Weassume no liability or responsibility forany (i) errors, mistakes, or inaccuracies of content, (ii) personal injury or propertydamage, ofanynature whatsoever, resulting fromyouraccess to and use of the Service, (iii)any unauthorizedaccess to or use of our secure servers and/oranyand all personal information and/or financial information stored therein, (iv)any interruption or cessation oftransmission to or from the Service, (v)any bugs,viruses, trojan horses, orthe like whichmay be transmitted to or through the Servicebyany third party, and/or (vi)any errors or omissions inany content or forany loss ordamage ofany kind incurredas a result of the use ofany content posted, emailed, transmitted, orotherwisemade availablevia the Service.
In no eventwill We,its directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners and employees, be liable toyou orany third person forany special, direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequentialdamages whatsoever includinganylost profits orlost data arising fromyour use of the Service or other materialson,accessed through or downloaded from the Service, whether basedon warranty, contract, tort, orany other legaltheory, and whether or not We have been advised of thepossibility of thesedamages. The foregoing limitation of liability shall apply to the fullest extent permittedby law in the applicablejurisdiction.You specifically acknowledge that We shall not be liable foruser submissions or the defamatory, offensive, or illegal conduct ofany third party and that the risk of harm ordamage from the foregoing rests entirelywith you.
You agree to indemnify and hold We, and each ofits directors, officers,agents, contractors, partners, and employees, harmless fromand againstany loss, liability, claim, demand,damages, costs and expenses, includingreasonableattorney's fees, arisingout of or in connection with (i)your use ofand access to the Service; (ii)yourviolation ofany term of these Terms of Service; (iii)yourviolation ofany third party right, including without limitationanycopyright, property, or privacy right; (iv)any claim thatone ofyourUser Submissions causeddamage to a third party; or (v)any Contentyou post orshareon or through the Service.
Byvisiting or using the Service,you agree that thelaws ofUK, without regard to principles ofconflict oflaws and regardless ofyour location,will govern these Terms of Serviceand any dispute ofany sort that might arisebetweenyou and us.
Ifyou haveany questions about these Terms of Service, please contact usat otoco.contact@gmail.com
Although what causes pedophiliaisnot yet known, researchers began reporting a series of findings linking pedophilia with brainstructure and function,beginning in 2002. Testing individuals from a variety of referral sources inside and outside the criminaljustice systemas wellas controls, these studiesfoundassociationsbetween pedophilia andlowerIQs,[48][49][50] poorer scoreson memory tests,[49] greater rates of non-right-handedness,[48][49][51][52] greater rates of school grade failureoverand above theIQ differences,[53] lesser physical height,[54][55] greater probability of having sufferedchildhood head injuries resulting in unconsciousness,[56][57] and several differences inMRI-detected brainstructures.[58][59][60]
Such studies suggest that there areone ormore neurological characteristics presentatbirth that cause or increasethe likelihood ofbeing pedophilic. Some studies havefound that pedophiles are less cognitively impaired than non-pedophilic child molesters.[61] A 2011 study reported that pedophilic child molesters had deficits inresponse inhibition, but no deficits in memory or cognitive flexibility.[62]Evidence of familial transmittability "suggests, butdoes not prove that genetic factors are responsible" for the development of pedophilia.[63] A 2015 study indicated that pedophilic offenders have anormalIQ.[64]
Another study, using structuralMRI, indicated thatmale pedophiles have alower volume ofwhite matter than a controlgroup.[58] Functionalmagnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)has indicated that child molesters diagnosed with pedophilia have reduced activation of the hypothalamusas compared with non-pedophilic persons when viewingsexually arousing pictures of adults.[65] A 2008 functional neuroimaging study notes that centralprocessing ofsexual stimuli in heterosexual "paedophile forensic inpatients"may be alteredby a disturbance in the prefrontal networks, which "may beassociated with stimulus-controlled behaviours, suchassexual compulsive behaviours". The findingsmay also suggest "a dysfunctionat the cognitive stage ofsexual arousalprocessing".[66]
Blanchard, Cantor, and Robichaud (2006) reviewed the research thatattempted to identify hormonalaspects of pedophiles.[67] They concluded that thereis someevidence that pedophilic men have less testosterone than controls, but that the researchis of poor quality and thatitis difficult todrawany firm conclusion fromit.
While not causes of pedophilia themselves,childhood abuseby adults or comorbid psychiatric illnesses—suchas personality disorders andsubstance abuse—are risk factors for actingon pedophilic urges.[6] Blanchard, Cantor, and Robichaud addressed comorbid psychiatric illnesses that, "The theoretical implications are not so clear. Do particular genes or noxious factors in the prenatal environment predispose amale to develop both affective disorders and pedophilia, or do the frustration,danger, andisolation engenderedby unacceptablesexual desires—or their occasional furtivesatisfaction—lead to anxiety and despair?"[67] They indicated that, because they previouslyfound mothers of pedophiles to bemore likely to have undergone psychiatric treatment,[56] the geneticpossibilityismore likely.
A study analyzing thesexual fantasies of 200 heterosexual menby using the WilsonSexFantasy Questionnaire exam determined thatmales with a pronounced degree of paraphilic interest (including pedophilia) had a greaternumber of older brothers, a high2D:4D digit ratio (which would indicatelow prenatal androgen exposure),and an elevated probability ofbeing left-handed, suggesting thatdisturbed hemispheric brain lateralizationmay play a role in deviantattractions.[68]
Earlywintersky, like the patient's face the overcast, day tosink. Anxiety emotions suchas this pervading themist, tightly in my mind,catch mybreath. Thisnoon, thesun finally broke through the cloud andmist, show smiling face. Thegoldensunshine, the clearasonsnow, warm warm silverfai in theflow. Myheartlike this in thewindowsunshine, suddenlylit up.On the vast expanse of the forms.it, bathed inthe warmsunshine, the in the mind unspeakablejoy, really want to in the sparklingonsnow run, to release under pressurein the life, theone anxiousheart,makeit inthe warm Yang blowing quiet quiet stretchopen,asSnowWhite pureit gently the each place, leave alight the tranquil,calm inheart ripples.
Thewinter warm Yangheartily of vent to their hot, sprinkle withgolden way way, thesnowon glaring multicolouredhalo, like in a split up around me gorgeousflowers.And as a series ofcolorful picture, in mysight ofdreaming floating, I standstill didn't daremove, very afraid thatmove will putit like running scared. Thesun be warm in mybody, face and hands gently touched, a thick warm meaning in myheartrise, and then a puzzling tolove is full wholebody. Oh! I see, thesoft touch,it's like myloverit.As thesun jade-like stone sonbrightsmile,as if appear in the shadows. And whenshe left the same way, or that naughtysmile,two small dimples withthe face.She bantered said "tochase me! After a good deal foryouwin." I'm excited, butat a loss, just gazingat thelight fadedaway in her in in thedistance, RenXue the ground I do the footprints of the lonely, inlightlysigh.
Sunshineslowlybreezesnow, the BaiXueShan quietlyaccept this trustgod's touch. Like the girl likefalling inlove withlover'sarms in school, doing thecolorfuldream. Iwas the true meaning of thesnowmovedand also enjoy stealthily warmwintersun kissing. Thelightsad likethe like melted, had been in my memory, suchas thewhiteas forms.it of, did not leave traces. Myheart immersed inthe warmth ofsunshine, and in thewinterit forms.it quietly in fellasleep.
Thewinter warming Yang,don't abandon not to leave, waitingat my side,as mymotherwas waiting for the I, withall myheart, have no complaint.It let me understand,life notonlyit isthe exhaustion ofbody and mind, worried restlessness. There is a kind of beautiful scenery,on our side. Infact they have been waiting for us,as longas payattention side aflower, aleaf, a wisp ofspringbreeze, arain, asnow, abluesky, and soon. Like I say to thiswinter warm sample,calm down to, fine fine ground to observe, and deeply to taste, willget unexpectedharvest.
http://www.chargerbatteryshop.co.uk
When thediesel generators weregone, the reactor operators switched to emergencybatterypower. The batteries were designedas one of the backups to the backups, to providepower forcooling thecore for 8 hours. And they did.
Within the 8 hours,anotherpower source had to be found andconnected to thepowerplant. Thepower gridwas down due to the earthquake. Thediesel generators were destroyed by thetsunami. So mobilediesel generators were trucked in.
This is where things started togo seriously wrong.The externalpower generators could not beconnected to thepowerplant (the plugs did notfit). So after the batteries ranout, the residualheat could not be carriedaway anymore.
At thispoint theplant operatorsbegin to follow emergency procedures that are in place for a “loss ofcooling event”. It isagain a step along the “Depth of Defense” lines. Thepower to thecooling systems should never have failed completely, but it did, so they “retreat” to thenext line of defense.All of this, however shocking it seems to us, is part of the day-to-day trainingyougo throughas an operator, right through to managing acore meltdown.
Itwasat this stage that people started to talk aboutcore meltdown. Becauseat the end of the day, ifcooling cannot be restored, thecore will eventually melt (after hours ordays), and the last line of defense, thecore catcher and third containment, would come into play.
But thegoalat this stagewas to manage thecore while itwasheating up, and ensure that the first containment (the Zircaloytubes that contains the nuclearfuel),as wellas the second containment (our pressure cooker) remain intact and operational foras longas possible, to give the engineerstime tofix thecooling systems.
Becausecooling thecore is such abig deal, the reactorhas anumber ofcooling systems, each in multiple versions (the reactor watercleanup system, the decayheat removal, the reactorcore isolatingcooling, the standby liquidcooling system, and the emergencycorecooling system). Whichone failed when or did not fail is not clearat thispoint intime.
So imagine our pressure cookeron the stove,heatonlow, buton. The operators use whatevercooling system capacity they have toget rid ofas muchheatas possible, but the pressure starts building up. The priority now is to maintain integrity of the first containment (keep temperature of thefuel rods below 2200°C),as wellas the second containment, the pressure cooker. In order to maintain integrity of the pressure cooker (the second containment), the pressurehas to be released fromtime totime. Because the ability to do that in an emergency is so important, the reactorhas11 pressure release valves. The operators now started ventingsteam fromtime totime to control the pressure. The temperatureat this stagewas about 550°C.
This is when the reports about “radiation leakage” starting coming in. Ibelieve I explained abovewhy venting thesteam is theoretically the sameas releasing radiation into the environment, butwhy itwas and is not dangerous. The radioactive nitrogenas wellas the noblegases do not pose a threat tohuman health.
At some stage during this venting,the explosion occurred.The explosion took placeoutside of the third containment (our “last line of defense”), and the reactor building. Remember that the reactor buildinghas no function in keeping the radioactivity contained. It is not entirely clear yet whathas happened, but this isthe likely scenario: The operators decided to vent thesteam from the pressure vessel not directly into the environment, but into the space between the third containment and the reactor building (to give the radioactivity in thesteammoretime to subside). The problem is thatat the high temperatures that thecore hadreachedat this stage, water molecules can “disassociate” into oxygen and hydrogen – an explosive mixture. And it did explode,outside the third containment, damaging the reactor building around. Itwas that sort ofexplosion, but inside the pressure vessel (because itwas badly designed and not managed properly by the operators) thatlead tothe explosion of Chernobyl. Thiswas never a riskatFukushima. The problem of hydrogen-oxygen formation isone of thebiggies whenyou design apowerplant (ifyou are not Soviet, that is), so the reactor is build and operated in a way it cannot happen inside the containment. It happenedoutside, whichwas not intended but a possible scenario and OK, because it did not pose a risk for the containment.
So the pressurewas under control,assteamwas vented. Now, ifyou keep boilingyour pot, the problem is that the waterlevel will keepfalling andfalling. Thecore is covered by several meters of water in order toallow for sometime to pass (hours,days) before itgets exposed.Once the rods start to be exposedat thetop,the exposed parts willreach the critical temperature of 2200 °C after about 45 minutes. This is when the first containment, the Zircaloytube, would fail.
And this started to happen. Thecooling could not be restored before therewas some (very limited, but still)damage to the casing of some of thefuel. The nuclear material itselfwas still intact, but the surrounding Zircaloy shell had started melting. What happened now is that some of the byproducts of the uranium decay – radioactive Cesium and Iodine – started to mix with thesteam. Thebig problem, uranium,was still under control, because the uranium oxide rods weregood until 3000 °C. It is confirmed that a very smallamount of Cesium and Iodinewas measured in thesteam thatwas released into theatmosphere.
It seems thiswas the “gosignal” for amajorplan B. The smallamounts of Cesium that were measured told the operators that the first containmentonone of the rods somewherewas about to give. The Plan A had been to restoreone of the regularcooling systems to thecore.Why that failed is unclear.One plausible explanation is that thetsunami also tookaway / pollutedall theclean water needed for the regularcooling systems.
The water used in thecooling system is veryclean, demineralized (like distilled) water.The reason to use pure water is the above mentioned activation by the neutrons from the Uranium: Pure waterdoes notget activated much, sostays practically radioactive-free. Dirt orsalt in the water willabsorb the neutrons quicker, becomingmore radioactive. Thishas no effect whatsoeveron thecore – itdoes not care what it iscooled by. But it makeslifemore difficult for the operators and mechanics when they have to deal with activated (i.e. slightly radioactive) water.
But Plan A had failed –cooling systems down or additionalclean water unavailable – soPlan B came into effect. This is what it looks like happened:
In order to prevent acore meltdown, the operators started to use sea water tocool thecore. Iam not quite sure if they flooded our pressure cooker with it (the second containment), or if they flooded the third containment, immersing the pressure cooker. But that is not relevant for us.
Thepoint is that the nuclearfuelhas now beencooled down. Because thechain reactionhas been stopped a longtime ago, there isonly verylittle residualheatbeing produced now. The largeamount ofcooling water thathas been used is sufficient totake up thatheat. Because it is a lot of water, thecoredoes not produce sufficientheat anymore to produce any significant pressure. Also, boricacidhas been added to the seawater. Boricacid is “liquid control rod”. Whatever decay is stillgoingon, the Boron will capture the neutrons and further speed up thecooling down of thecore.
Theplant came close to acore meltdown. Here is theworst-case scenario thatwas avoided: If the seawater could not have been used for treatment, the operators would have continued to vent the watersteam to avoid pressure buildup. The third containment would then have been completely sealed toallow thecore meltdown to happen without releasing radioactive material. After the meltdown, there would have been a waiting period for the intermediate radioactive materials to decay inside the reactor,and all radioactive particles to settleon asurface inside the containment. Thecooling system would have been restored eventually, and the moltencorecooled to a manageable temperature. The containment would have beencleaned upon the inside. Then a messy job of removing the moltencore from the containment would have begun, packing the (now solidagain)fuelbit bybit into transportation containers to be shipped toprocessingplants. Dependingon thedamage, the block of theplant would then either be repaired or dismantled.
・Theplant is safe now and willstay safe.
・Japan is lookingat an INESLevel 4Accident: Nuclearaccident with local consequences. That is bad for the company that owns theplant, but not for anyone else.
・Some radiationwas released when the pressure vesselwas vented.All radioactive isotopes from the activatedsteam havegone (decayed). A very smallamount of Cesiumwas released,as wellas Iodine. Ifyou were sittingontop of theplants’ chimney when they were venting,you should probably give up smoking to return toyour formerlife expectancy. The Cesium and Iodine isotopes were carriedout to the sea and will never be seenagain.
・Therewas some limiteddamage to the first containment. That means that someamounts of radioactive Cesium and Iodine will also be released into thecooling water, but no Uranium or other nasty stuff (the Uranium oxidedoes not “dissolve” in the water). There are facilities for treating thecooling water inside the third containment. The radioactive Cesium and Iodine will be removed there and eventually storedas radioactivewaste in terminal storage.
・The seawater usedascooling water will be activated to some degree. Because the control rods are fully inserted, the Uraniumchain reaction is not happening. That means the “main” nuclear reaction is not happening, thus not contributing to the activation. The intermediate radioactive materials (Cesium and Iodine) are also almostgoneat this stage, because the Uranium decaywas stopped a longtime ago. This further reduces the activation. Thebottom line is that there will be somelowlevel of activation of the seawater, which will also be removed by the treatment facilities.
・The seawater will then be replacedover time with the “normal”cooling water
・The reactorcore will then be dismantled and transported to aprocessing facility, just like during a regularfuelchange.
・Fuel rods and the entireplant will be checked for potentialdamage. This willtake about 4-5 years.
・The safety systemsonallJapaneseplants will be upgraded to withstand a 9.0 earthquake andtsunami (or worse)
・Ibelievethe most significant problem will be a prolongedpower shortage. About half ofJapan’s nuclear reactors will probably have to be inspected, reducing the nation’spower generating capacity by 15%. This will probably be covered by runninggaspowerplants that are usuallyonly used forpeak loads to cover some of thebase loadas well. That will increaseyour electricity bill,as wellaslead to potentialpower shortages duringpeak demand, inJapan.
Ifyou want tostay informed, please forget the usual mediaoutlets and consult the following websites:
http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/RS_Battle_to_stabilise_earthquake_reactors_1203111.html
http://bravenewclimate.com/2011/03/12/japan-nuclear-earthquake/
http://ansnuclearcafe.org/2011/03/11/media-updates-on-nuclear-power-stations-in-japan/
http://d.hatena.ne.jp/sirouto2/20070921/p2
「ドアを閉めましょう」というのが「在宅で仕事をする人が生産効率を高めるための」「Tips」なのか。それに気付かない人がいるのか。なぜ誰も突っ込まないのか。
最後が実はジョークなのはよくある。
http://the-getting-things-done.blogspot.com/2007/08/productivity-tips-for-home-office.html
Close your door - If there are distractions at home, like people calling round or noisy kids,make it a rule to not bedisturbed when your door is shut.
ドアを閉めよう - 例えば人が訪ねてきたり、子供達が喧しかったり、そんな気が散る原因が家にあるなら、ドアが閉じてからは邪魔されないようにしよう。
http://web-marketing.zako.org/hacks/lifehacks/productivity-tips-for-the-home-office.html
10.ドアを閉めましょう
元気な子供や、何度も電話が鳴るような気が散る要素が家にあるのであれば、神経質にならないためにも、仕事中はドアを閉じるようにしてください。
The original post is翻訳ブログを作成するための5つのポイント
Until I came toIBM, I probably would have toldyou that culture was justone among several important elements in any organization’s makeup and success??along with vision,strategy, marketing, financials, andthe like… I came to see, in mytime atIBM, that culture isn't justone aspect ofthe game, it isthe game. In the end, an organization isnothing more than the collective capacity of its people to create value.
Computers are magnificent tools for the realization of ourdreams, but nomachinecan replace the human spark ofspirit, compassion,love, and understanding.
Watch the turtle. He only moves forward by stickinghis neck out.
