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はてなキーワード:r and cとは
The researchers subsequently transplanted GALC expressing monocytes, a type ofwhitebloodcell involved in theresponse to injury and infection, directly into the CNS of themice. This approach replacedmore than 80% of microglia withhealthy monocytes, virtually eliminating the GCs, protecting againstdamage, and extending survival.
Additionally, the researchers noted that a companionpaper, "Monocytes can efficiently replaceall brain macrophages and fetal liver monocytes can generate bona fide Sall1+ microglia,"ledby the Mohavedi Lab in Brussels,Belgium and publishedtoday in Immunity, complements their work and highlightskeynext steps toward developing new therapies. Frederick Christian Bennett,MD, an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry in the Perelman School of Medicineand a co-senior and corresponding author, also contributed to the companionpaper.
"We are eager tospotlightthe power of microglia replacement," said Bennett. "Our findings supportbuildingon our research to better understand microglia's formation andorigin,allowing us to unlock their role in disease and developmore precision therapies."
The researchwas supportedby the Penn MetabolomicsCore (RRID:SCR_022381), the Penn Cardiovascular Institute and, in part,by NCI (P30 CA016520) andNIH (P30DK050306),NIH (5T32MH019112) and (5T32MH014654). Additional fundingwas providedby Partners for Krabbe Research (P4KR), the University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute internal funding,NIH (DP5OD036159),NIH (R01-NS-120960), Klingenstein-Simons Fellowship in Neuroscience, thePaulAllen FrontiersGroup and Children's Hospital ofPhiladelphia K readiness award. The researchwas also supportedby the Alzheimer's ResearchUK Senior Fellowship (ARUK-SRF2022A-006), theNIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), a partnershipbetween Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle University, and Cumbria, Northumberland and Tyne andWear NHS Foundation Trust and theNational Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR).
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マジレスされてチビッた．こりゃGoogleさんもビビるわけだ．
ぼく：
How wereyou implemented?Isitdeep learning-based?
Iam a languagemodel calledGPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3) thatwas developedby OpenAI.Itis adeep learning-basedmodel that uses a type of neuralnetwork called a transformer, whichwas trainedon a large dataset oftext to learn patterns of language.
GPT-3is trained using a technique called unsupervised learning, where themodelis given a massiveamount oftext data and uses this data to learn patterns and relationships in the language. This allowsGPT-3 to generatehuman-liketext when given a prompt, and to understand and respond tonatural language input.
The training process ofGPT-3 involves a technique called pre-training, which means that themodelis trainedon a massive dataset beforebeingfine-tunedon a smaller task-specific dataset. This pre-training allowsGPT-3 to have a good general understanding of the language and to be able to adapt to specific tasksmore easily.
TheGPT-3modelhas 175billion parameters, whichisone of the largest languagemodels todate, makingit able to generate veryhuman-liketext and to understand context in a verynatural way.
ぼく：
HowdoesGPT-3 have a knowledgebaselike anontology?Asitisdeep learning-based, the knowledgebaselike anontology would not be implemented explicitly, but thestructure should be designed with an expectation of having such a knowledge about hierarchy of concepts.
GPT-3,like otherdeep learningmodels,does not have an explicit knowledgebase orontology built intoitsstructure. Instead,ithas been trainedon a large dataset oftext, which allowsit to learn patterns and relationshipsbetween concepts.
However, the training data thatGPT-3was exposed to,likely contains a wide range of concepts and hierarchicalstructures.AsGPT-3 learns patterns in the data,it canbegin to understand the relationshipsbetween different concepts and ideas, and how they are related to each other. This allows themodel to generatetext thatismore coherent and semantically meaningful, makingit possible to understand the context and hierarchy of concepts, butitdoes not have an explicitontologylike aknowledge graph.
It can be said thatGPT-3has a certainlevel of "implicitontology", in thesense thatithas learned the relationshipsbetween concepts in a way thatis similar to how aknowledge graph orontology organizes information. However,it's important tonote thatGPT-3's understanding of concepts and relationshipsis basedon the patternsithas learned from the training data, whichis not astructured and explicit knowledgebaselike anontology.
ぼく：
Then howdoesGPT-3 handle the long-term or short termmemories? Canit remember information about theon-going chatting? Mynameis Masuda, canGPT-3 keepit in the memory? Furthermore, canit learn and understand the new information from the Q-A queries, and useit inthe future queries?
GPT-3 handles long-term and short-termmemories differently. Whenit generatestext,it uses a technique calledattention mechanism which allows themodel tofocuson certain parts of the input while generating the output. This allowsGPT-3 to keep track of previous information and context when generatingtext, which can be thought ofas a form of short-term memory.
Regarding theon-going chatting,GPT-3 can keep track of certain information,like thenameyou've provided, Masuda, during the conversation and useit in future responses. However,it's important tonote thatGPT-3is a statelessmodel, which means thatitdoesn't have a permanent memory thatit can refer to after a conversationends.
Regarding learning from Q-A,GPT-3is trainedon a massive dataset oftext, andit learns patterns and relationshipsbetween concepts from this data.It can generatetext thatis semantically meaningful and coherent, butitdoes not have the capability to learn new information from Q-A sessions and useit in future queries. However, OpenAIhas developedanothermodel called DALL-E, which usesGPT-3 anditis capable of learning from Q-A sessions and useit in future queries.
ぼく：
Is ChatGPT superior to theGoogle search? Previously people usedGoogle to search for their questions.Now adays, ChatGPT cananswer to those questions. What are pros and cons of ChatGPTover theGoogle search?
ChatGPT andGoogle search are different technologies with different capabilities and strengths.
Google searchis a powerfulwebsearch engine that can quickly find relevant information from a vastamount ofwebpages and documents.It usescomplex algorithms to rank and sort search results basedon relevance, popularity, and other factors.Google searchis very goodat providing factual information andis anexcellenttool for researching a wide range of topics.
ChatGPT,on the other hand,is anatural languageprocessingmodel that can generatehuman-liketext.Itis trainedon a large dataset oftext and uses this knowledge to understand and respond tonatural language input. ChatGPT can generatetext thatismore coherent and semantically meaningful than asimple information retrievalenginelikeGoogle search. ChatGPT can also be used to generatetext thatismore engaging andhuman-like, suchas in chatbots and virtualassistants.
One of themain advantages of ChatGPToverGoogle searchisits ability to understand and respond tonatural language input in amorehuman-like way. ChatGPT can also generatetext thatismore coherent and semantically meaningful, which can be useful in many applications. However,Google searchis betterat providing factual information and searching for specificpieces of information.
Another disadvantage of ChatGPTis thatitdoesn't have the ability to retrieve information from theweb,it canonly generatetext basedon the patternsithas learned from the training data. That'swhyit's not a replacement for awebsearch enginelikeGoogle butit can be usedas an additionaltool to help people to find the information they are looking for.
Insummary, ChatGPT andGoogle search have different strengths and capabilities. WhileGoogle searchis betterat providing factual information, ChatGPTis betterat understanding and responding tonatural language input in amorehuman-like way.
ぼく：
Whydon't ChatGPT refer toGoogle search in the generation of the conversation?GoogleAssistanthas such a function.Isthe reason due tothe fact that OpenAIis fundedbyGoogle?
ChatGPTis a languagemodel that generatestext basedon the patternsithas learned from the training data. Whileit can understand and respond tonatural language input in ahuman-like way,itdoes not have the capability toaccess external sources of informationlikeGoogle search.
GoogleAssistant,on the other hand,is a virtualassistant that canaccess a wide range of information and services through theinternet, includingGoogle search.GoogleAssistant can use this information to providemore accurate and relevant responses touser queries.
The reason ChatGPTdoes not refer toGoogle search during the generation of the conversationislikely becauseitwas not designed or trained to do so. Instead,itwas designed to generatetext basedon the patternsithas learned from the training data, anditdoes not have the capability toaccess external sources of information.
It's worth noting that OpenAI andGoogle are separate organizations, even thoughGoogleis aninvestor in OpenAI, thisdoesn't necessarily mean that thetwo companies worktogetheron their products and services. OpenAIhasits own development team, goals and roadmap and they areindependent fromGoogle.
ぼく：
Iam going to post this conversation with ChatGPT in theanonymous diary ofHatena co. What should I do forattracting people toget many bookmarks?
There are several thingsyoucan do toattract people and increase the chances ofyour conversation with ChatGPTgetting many bookmarksonHatena diary. Some suggestions include:
1.Make sureyour conversationis well-written and easy to understand. Use clear and concise language, and consider formattingyourtext in a way thatmakesit easy to read.
2. Use relevant keywords andhashtags inyour diary entry. This can helpmakeyour conversationmore discoverable to people searching for related topicsonHatena diary.
3. Include images or videos inyour diary entry. This canmakeyour conversationmore visually appealing and can helpattractmore readers.
4.Shareyour diary entryon social media or other platforms. This can help increase the visibility ofyour conversationand attractmore readers.
5. Encourage readers toshare their thoughts and opinionsonyour conversationby including a call toaction or a questionat the end ofyour diary entry.
6. Finally,you can alsotry to participate in the conversationonHatena diary,byanswering the questions, responding to the comments, and engagingwith your readers.
It's important to remember thatgetting many bookmarkson a diaryis not easy andit cantaketime and effort to build an audience. Butby following thesetips andbeing consistentwith your diary entry,youwill increase the chances ofattractingmore readers andgettingmore bookmarks.
ぼく：
これは、いろいろと考えさせられるいい文章だと思った。永井陽右という青年を振り回すかのように語る内田樹。こういうマウントは嫌いじゃない。
ただ、内田が、
「感情の器」って、あくまでも個人的な身体条件のようなものだから。
というとき、何か逃げた回答のような印象を受けた。
たとえそれが自分の中から湧き出す内発的なものだとしても、大昔にアダム・スミスが道徳感情論で追求したように、何かのテコで共鳴し、社会の規範を構成するに至るメカニズムが何かしらあるんだろうと俺には思えてならない。
そういう感覚を身に着けるのにどうすればいいかと問うた永井氏に、家風だとか、弟子入りだとか、そんな表現を内田氏がするのは、けむに巻いているようにしか思えなかった。
家風にしても弟子入りにしても、そのつながり方が、社会規範にむすびつくメカニズムがあるはずだ。
アレックス・カーが20年前に書いた本で『犬と鬼』という著作がある。
おりしも建設省に代表される特別会計の闇が浮き彫りになった時代。
アメリカの7倍のコンクリートを使って日本の山河をコンクリートで固めようとしていた、公共事業のあり方に疑問を呈した名著。
その『犬と鬼』のなかでカーは、そんな日本に至った問題を解明するヒントは「徳の逆説」にあるという。
「徳の逆説」というのは、国家も人も同様に、自分たちに最も欠けている資質を最も高く評価する傾向があるという、カーが常々思っている真理を彼なりに名付けたものだ。
A・カーは、フェアプレイの精神といいつつ、七つの海を支配した大英帝国の事例、平等を錦の御旗にしていた共産主義者のトップが黒海に豪奢な別荘を保有し、人民は実質的に農奴と変わらない生活だったというソ連の例などを挙げつつ、最後に、和を貴ぶ日本人がなぜ明治の開国後、対外侵略に夢中になったかという精神性に触れてゆく。
「徳の逆説」は、身近なところでも当てはまる。口うるさい親や上司の説教がブーメランに思えてならない、という経験は誰もがしているはず。そして気が付くと俺も親父と同じことを子供に、という連鎖。
最近、想起するのはやはり旧統一教会。家族の価値を高らかに謳いあげておきながら、その活動が原因で多くの家族が崩壊している、といった、「おまゆう」問題。崩壊させているがゆえにますます高まる家庭の価値、という悪循環。これもA・カーのいう「徳の逆説」が見事に当てはまる。これは人が自分自身を規律しようとするときの動機付けのメカニズムなのだ。
内田と永井の議論のテーマのひとつである人権・平等。あたかも普遍的な原理についても、
それを概念として具体化して社会が取り込んだ過程を決して忘れてはならない。
アメリカの建国者の一人、トーマスジェファーソンは人権宣言を起草した当時、200人以上も奴隷を抱えていた。
これは矛盾というよりも、むしろ奴隷制にどっぷりと漬かっていたからこそ人権宣言が生まれたという「徳の逆説」のメカニズムを見るべきだろう。
どんなに薄汚れた社会であっても、一度高らかに掲げた理想は、その社会を真綿で絞めてゆく。欲望大全開の人民を前提にすると、民主政は成り立つのか。多数決をすれば少数者が圧政に苦しむのではないか、これがマディソン含め、建国者の懸念だった。しかし、為政者の徳（アリストクラシー）と、欲望とは別に社会で正しいと思うことに投票する、二重人格的な資質が人民に備わっていると信じて建国者はデモクラシーを設計した。裁判を通じ、繰り返し憲法の価値観をテストする、という振り返りをビルトインした設計は本当に優れたものだ。結果として、最高裁が突き付けた奴隷制と財産権の矛盾が、南北戦争の北軍の正当性を決定的にする。
内田の議論に戻ると、外付けの人権というテーマと同時に、内発的なものとしての感情の器という、とても重要なキーワードを出している。それは他方で外付け実装された人権と、どのような整理ができるのだろうか。
「人としてどうふるまうべきか」を子どもに刷り込むのは「家風」なんですよ。子どもたちは親の背中を見て、人間としての生き方を学ぶ。それは教科書で教えることじゃない。
これは、親子を中心とした自分史と言い換えられるのではないかと思った。さらにいえば、自分史は必ずしも親は関係ないかもしれないのではないか。つまりこれまでの人生、来し方がキーなのでは。
内発的なものと外付けのもの、この二つはやはり、きちんと切り分けて、そして二つが、どうつながってゆくのか。以下、自分なりに整理を試みる。
舶来の概念というのは明治以来、洪水のように入った。民法など契約法の世界は、ほぼほぼ圧倒されたし、戦後は憲法そのものがアメリカの経験に基づいたものだ。
しかし、日本の人権教育は、残念なことに、人権の普遍性を論証することに熱を上げてしまって、そもそも誰の内発的な経験がもとになっていたかという成り立ちのメカニズムを忘れた議論が多い。公共の福祉論などをいくら学説や定義を整理してきれいに論じても、だから何？の議論だった。
戦後、人権を外付け実装してきた日本は、そのルールや規範の成り立ちといった背景をもう少し知る必要がある。それは教養として。
今現在、旧統一教会問題で話題の、国家と宗教というテーマにしてもそうだ。
政教分離のキーワードとなるのは、恐怖からの解放だ。宗教に悩まされ、その扱いに苦慮するのは古今東西の課題だ。宗教といかに折り合いをつけた制度設計をするか、古代ローマ時代からずっと抱えてきた。宗教的寛容、これが統治のカギだと気が付いたのはカルタゴに勝利した古代ローマ。
そのテーマに対して、新天地アメリカに到着したプロテスタントたちの子孫が18世紀になってメイフラワー号の協約を思い出して試みたのは、旧世界では試みたことのない壮大な社会実験だった。百家争鳴な多様性のなかで社会を構成するには、誰が正しいことを言っているのかは誰も断定できない、という前提に立つ必要が再確認された。それが言論の自由の関係では、20世紀初頭にホームズ裁判官らに代表されるように、自由市場の比喩が生まれる背景ともなった。
他方、旧世界のフランスでは、唯一の正しさを神に代わって宣言するカトリック教会の権威と苛烈な弾圧が恐怖であった。だから公共空間の合理化を徹底し、宗教を一掃する制度設計になった。フランスの言論の自由は、その意味でカトリックを否定する権利が原点となる経験なのだ。だからこそ、フランスでは今でも神を冒涜する言論というのが非常に重要な意味をもっていて、先日、仏風刺紙シャルリー編集長が英作家ラシュディ氏襲撃を非難したことの歴史的な背景は深い。
このように、人権というものは、何に対して恐怖してきた歴史があり、生まれてきたものなのか、という原点に思いを致すことが大切だし考えるコツだ。利他性じゃなくね。
それは、実は国によって微妙にコンテクストが異なるものであり、普遍的価値として昇華できなくもないけれども、むしろ司法を通じて、原点となった恐怖を大切に思い出す機会が重要で、その社会が、その真理を繰り返し確信し、制度を強化し、再生産する重要な仕組みなのだと思う。逆に言うと、普遍的な価値なら、なぜ何千年も克服できなかったかの意味を問うというか。
しかし、外付けの倫理として受け取ったものを、思い出すかのように歴史を振り返るのは容易ではない。戦後の日本の裁判所も含めて。
でも、それこそが日本の人権教育に欠如したものだということは個人的には強く思うところだ。
その意味では、外付けではない、外国の借り物ではない、内発的なもの、感情の器からみえてくる倫理、これは本当に大きな価値がある。
内発的なものを自省するうえで、もっとも大切なのは、自分の国や自分の家族、自分自身の歴史だと俺は思う。
自分や自分の先祖が痛い目にあってきた経験、あるいは他者を痛めにあわせてきた経験というのは、その人固有のものであって、その自分史や国の歴史を忘れてしまうと、あとは外付けの倫理だけが残る。国レベルで言えば、それは端的に明治以降の日本のアジアや欧米との対外関係であり、開国以降、アメリカに敗北するまでの戦争に明け暮れた体験に他ならないし、国家神道によって死生観まで国に洗脳されかけた手痛い経験だ。
歴史というと大げさだが、要するに「自分たちに最も欠けている資質を最も高く評価する」、おまゆう精神を自覚することだ。これは教養として学ぶというよりも、もう少し内省的なものだと思う。
自分が理想とするものと現実とのギャップを振り返る作業といってもいい。
自分に欠けている部分、そこにこそ追い求めている何か理想的な姿の反転がある、という振り返り。
ネイションとしていえば、戦争体験の振り返りが重要なキーになるし、国家と宗教というのは、国家神道と戦争という経験で痛い目をみているのであり、ある意味、輸入された欧米の経験を教養として追体験するだけではなく、日本人が原体験としてもっていた大切な教訓。愛媛県靖国神社玉串料訴訟(1997年）の最高裁判決は行政が戦没者の遺族の援護行政のために靖国神社などに対し玉串料を支出したことを違憲とした歴史的な判決で、戦争の経験がしっかり振り返えられた、という点で、司法の仕事としてとても大きなものを残したと思う。建国の精神を振り返るのが裁判所の仕事の一つだと思う。
しかし、戦後77年。戦争体験が風化するなかで、「あの時代を生き抜いた」という共通の体験、共通項として持っていたものがどんどん失われているのが今の時代。
50年前の高度成長期だったら、戦争で死んだ部下を思い出しながら、仕事にまい進し、酒場で同期の仲間と語り合う、とか、厳粛に生きるための厳粛な死が記憶としてあった。
「あの頃は」という共通の過去で人はつながることができた。それが内発的なものとして60年安保闘争を支え、水俣の闘争があった。外付けの倫理ではない、思い出としての切実さの空気の共有があった。
つまり、舶来の外付けの価値観と内発的な器は、その頃はわりと調和していた、といえるのだ。
それが、失われ、外付けの価値観だけが、カラカラと空回りし始めているのが今の時代の特徴で、失われつつある寛容性の正体なのだろう。
永井氏はそんな時代に生まれ育った。彼は対談のなかで、大学時代に
と、外付けの人権から始まったと語っているが、外付けのものにも普遍性のみに着目し、それが生まれてきたプロセスを振り返らない、人権教育の失敗が見て取れる。
また、日本国憲法に組み込まれた歴史への反省（前文含め）も記憶の風化とともに、個々人の内省が、時代への共鳴という形で、共感を醸成しなくなってしまっている。
それはかろうじて80年代までは存在していた。「おしん」が異例の1年間の朝ドラで始まってしばらくすると、
視聴者からは、おしんは私自身そのものです、という声が橋田壽賀子のもとに多数届いたという。
しかし、時代は変わって、平成から令和になって「あの頃」といえば、昭和の末期なのだ。
しかもそれをノスタルジックに思い出す、三丁目の夕日的な振り返りだった。さらには、あさま山荘であり、学歴社会、バイクを盗んで走る尾崎豊であり、バブルの思い出なのだ。それは、その遺産に苦しんだ次の世代にとっては共感を呼びにくいものであるし、自分たちの社会の重圧と、戦争の記憶との関連が薄まった。当然、日本国憲法のリアリティが失われ、右派から改憲論議が盛り上がってくるのは必然的なことだった。そんななか、統一教会が国の内部を白アリのように巣くって愕然とした先月から今月にかけての出来事というのは、忘れかけた宗教と国家の結びつきの恐ろしさを、突如呼び覚まされるものだったに違いない。
しかし、いずれにしても過去の記憶と憲法の規範が直接に結び付かない、その世代の経験、そこに、永井が紛争国の辺境の地を自分のテーマに選んだヒントがあるように思えてならない。
紛争のリアルがそこにある。そこに普遍的価値として大学生のときに知った人権、そして憲法の価値を、自分なりの振り返りとして再確認する、動機付けがあったようにも思う。
しかし、たとえ社会の人々と共有されないものであったとしても、ひとは自分史のなかで、どうふるまうべきかを動機付けられる。
私は逆に、子どもの頃はよく母親に殴られたり色々と物を捨てられたりされていて、そのときに「この家では力を持った奴は殴ったり物を捨てたりしていいんだな」と思ってしまったんです。そして中学生になって殴られたときに「よく見たら小さいし別に喧嘩が強いわけでもないな」ということに気が付きまして。それでそこからは自分が母親のことを殴りまくるようになりました。ひどい時はアザだらけでしたよね。父親も単身赴任でしたし。
といったときに、内田はそこにしっかりと気が付くべきだったと思う。
「全然、人権派じゃないね（笑）。」と返した内田に若干物足りなさを感じたのは、まさにそこだ。
動機付けられるものが、必ずしも、家風であったり、模範的なロールモデルとは限らないのだ。
この体験と辺境の地での人権探し、自分探しは、多分無関係ではない。
読んだのは20年前だが、年齢を重ねれば重ねるほど、彼のいう、逆徳精神の考え方が真理に思えてくる。
A clue to the problemmay befound in what I callthe theory of Opposite Virtues.Nations,like people in thisrespect,maypride themselvesmost highlyon the quality theymost lack. Hence “fair play”is agolden virtue inGreat Britain, the country thatattacked and subjugatedhalf theglobe. “Equality”was the banner of SovietRussia, where commissars owned lavish dachason the BlackSea and the proletariat lived no better than serfs.The United Statespridesitselfonits high “moral standard,” while perpetuating racial and moraldouble standards. And then thereis l’amour inFrance, anation ofcold-blooded rationalists. Or Canadians priding themselvesmostonbeing so distinctively “Canadian.” InJapan we mustlookatthe time-honored ideal ofWa, “peace.”Wa means security, stability,everything inits proper place, “knowing whatis enough.”Yet a persistent irony ofJapanesehistory since 1868is that forall the emphasisonpeace andharmony, they are exactly the virtues thatJapandid not pursue.At the end of the nineteenthcentury, rather than settling back to enjoyits new prosperity,Japan embarkedon a campaign to conquer and colonizeits neighbors.By the 1930s,it had already acquired a tremendousempire in EastAsia; this inability to stopled toits suicidalattackon the U.S.baseatPearl Harbor,as a result of whichitlosteverything.Something similaris happeningagain. PerhapsJapan valuesWa so highly for the veryreason thatithas such a strong tendency toward imbalance and uncontrollable extremes.
共同研究しているギリシャ人の先生から、ギリシャでされている東京オリンピックに関する報道について真偽を聞かれたので回答したい。
全然ニュースみてないので、わかんないんだけど、大体こんな感じでいい？
[自分の回答] 今オリンピック中止のデモやってる奴らは、極々少数で、400人とか。無視できるレベル。こういう連中はデモをするのが仕事または趣味で、年中なんらかのデモをやってる。普通の人間はオリンピックを中止すべきと思っておらず、好意的に受け止めてるよ。
[自分の回答] 7/23時点では、2回の接種が完了した人が全人口の23%で、1回以上の人は35%やで。まぁ全体から言ったら全然すくないけども。日本は他国に比べて接種が遅れてるんやで。ワクチンの国内での治験を日本向けにローカライズして独自にやったから、承認に時間がかかって、結果として接種も遅れてるんやで～。日本は65歳以上が世界一多くて、それらの人が政治的な基盤を形成してる。そういうわけで、めちゃくちゃ保守的な国だから、遅れてるのはしゃーないやで。
[自分の回答] 激震なんて走っとらん！ｗ以下は俺の個人的な意見だけども：政府関係者は1300人程度なら想定の範囲内だとおもうで～おそらく2500人とか3000人程度までなら想定内じゃないかな？これが東京だけで感染者数が10,000人/日とかいくようになると、ロックダウンとかやるかもな～。ちな日本は未だに強制力のある移動制限とかはしたことないよ！8月のなかばに日本のホリデーシーズンがあって、そこでみんな故郷に帰ったりするから、感染拡大する見込み。本番はオリンピックというよりお盆終わりの9月からや！コロナ先生の次回作にご期待ください！
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This emailmay comeas a surprise toyou,asitis irrelevant to research or fellowships. InGreece wetry to understand the situationwith theOlympic games inTokyo and the pandemic, but the reportson Greek mediais fuzzy.Once my colleaguesfoundout that I have somecommunication with a Professor inTokyo, theyasked me if I could possibly contactyouand askyou what exactlyis the situation there. So, withall therespect toyour valuabletime, wheneveryou have some sparetime, couldyou please inform me about the following points that our journalists reporting fromTokyoonly confuse us further?
Isittrue that people organize demonstrations inthe streets to stop theOlympic Games, because they are afraid thatthe gameswill spreadthe coronavirus inJapan? We do not understand this,asthe games are held with no spectators (unfortunately) and theathletes areisolated in theOlympic Village,anyway (even with no pandemic).
Isittrue thatonly 7% of theoverall population inJapanis vaccinatedagainstthe Coronavirus? Ifyes, howis this possible, knowing that theOlympic Games aregoing to be held there ?
Today, they saidon thenews that 1300 new infections have been reported inTokyo and that caused some "vibrations" to thegovernment.Is thisnumber significant for theJapanese people? InAthensalone (thatisonly 5 million people, 3times less thanTokyo) we count that many infections every day for the past month.
Asyou can see,everything thatis reported fromTokyois unclear and contradicting: demonstrations for the cancellation ofthe Games due to the pandemic, vaccinationlevel, infectionrate.Today I heardonoutnational radio straight from the head of ourOlympic Team thateverythingiscalm and underabsolute control inthe Games. So couldyou please shed somelight toall this, please?Again, ifyou are busyI will understand ifyou do notreply,as thisis justcuriosity and not urgentatall.
Isittrue that people organize demonstrations inthe streets to stop theOlympic Games, because they are afraid thatthe gameswill spreadthe coronavirus inJapan? We do not understand this,asthe games are held with no spectators (unfortunately) and theathletes areisolated in theOlympic Village,anyway (even with no pandemic).
[My opinion]
The peoplewhois engaging the demonstrations are very few suchas 400 and they could be ignored. These peoplealways participate in the demonstrationsas a work or just enjoying their freetime. Theydon't haveany political ideology. General peopleis enjoying theOlympic Gamesas usualonTV.
Isittrue thatonly 7% of theoverall population inJapanis vaccinatedagainstthe Coronavirus? Ifyes, howis this possible, knowing that theOlympic Games aregoing to be held there ?
[My opinion]
As ofJuly23,23% of the population had receivedtwo doses of the vaccine, and 35% had receivedat leastonce.Japanis behind other countries in terms of vaccination.Japangovernment took a longtime to approve the vaccine producedoutside ofJapan,and as a result, the vaccinationhas been delayed.Japanhas the largestrate of peopleover 65 inthe world; about 30%isover 65 years old. These people form the politicalbase of the country, soit's no wonderit's soconservative.
Today, they saidon thenews that 1300 new infections have been reported inTokyo and that caused some "vibrations" to thegovernment.Is thisnumber significant for theJapanese people? InAthensalone (thatisonly 5 million people, 3times less thanTokyo) we count that many infections every day for the past month.
[My opinion]
The followingis my personal opinion: I think 1,300 new infections inTokyo in a dayis notbig deal for thegovernment.Maybe 2,500 or 3,000isstill withinthe expectation. If the new infections inTokyo becomeover massive amount suchas10,000/day, we mightneed togo into a lock-down.Japanhas yet to imposeany enforceable movement restrictions.Japanhas a holiday week inmid-August, and peoplego back to their hometowns, so the infectionis expected to spread.
Shouldn't "white people" be correctly discriminated against incorona?
-
Discrimination and persecution related tocoronavirusesisnow widespread worldwide.
Thereis a concrete and wide-rangingsummary of the situation.
―――
"List of Incidents of ForeignFear and Racism Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic"
―――
Thatis theEnglishversion ofWikipedia article.
WithGoogle Chrome, right-click → Translate toJapanese, but the translationis abit rough, but anyone can readit inJapanese.
―――
>> InFrance, after the newcoronaviruswas confirmedonJanuary24, 2020, a lot of harassment and discrimination againstAsians occurred [41].Itis aimedatAsians suchasChinese,Korean,Japanese, Vietnamese, Filipino [42], and taxis and trains that refuse to boardChinese,Korean,Japanese have appeared [41] [43] ].
>> French newspaperLe CourrierPicard featured anAsianwoman in amaskon thetop pageonJanuary 26, 2020with the heading "Yellow Alert".
>>OnMarch 8, 2020, aJapanese restaurant in Rivoli, Turin, Piedmont,was targeted for arsonby a teenagerwho teasedhis owner and calledhim an epidemic carrier. [191]
―――
Not limited to the above, Wuhanand Africans inChina,Chinese and infected people inJapan.
Discrimination, whether inthe United States,Egypt, Africa or anywhere inthe world, existsatall.
In asense,it's almostequal. Underextreme circumstances,itis not uncommon for "weak" people to be able to keep themselves without creating enemies.
-
However, what I want to sayis not a used phrase suchas "Let'slive kindly with philanthropy."
Thereis no objection toit. Ifthe world can eliminate discrimination and prejudice, I naturally wantit.
But what Ifeltwas abig question before that.It can be called academic interest.
-
Chinese discriminate against Wuhan natives,Japanese discriminate againstChinese, andEuropeans discriminate againstAsians.
I see, thereis areason to that, considering the spread ofcoronavirus infection. "From whatyou see, what's dangerousis thatarea".
Roughly,itmay be the result of thinking about "weak" people.
-
Buthere's the strange thing.Asians, Africans,yellows and blacks, they are discriminated against inmanyplacesaround the world.
Frankly speaking,it's safe to say that blacks havelittle to dowith thecoronavirus.It's just thatthe originalsense of discriminationhas surfaced.
Theseethnic groups and regions areequally discriminated against.Itis asense of discrimination thatis basedonfear butis incorrect but makessense.
-
However. Thenwhyisn't "white people" discriminated against?
-
FromApril toMay,the coronavirus showed an explosive spread in the West.
In the ranking of thenumber of infected people inthe world,the United Statesisalone, with 1.34 million people, accounting formore than a quarter of thetotal infected people of 402 million peopleas ofMay10.
Afterthe second place,Spain,Italy,the United Kingdom,Russia,Germany,Brazil andFrance are followed, and eachhasmore than100,000domestic cases.
ExcludingBrazil,everything from 2nd to 7thisEurope. Theword "WesternEurope"is clearlythe most dangerouscoronavirus-contaminatedarea / infectiouszone inthe world.
-
However. Strangely enough, thereislittletalk that "white people,Europeans,and Americans are discriminated against inthe world."
Of courseitis notzero, but while looking forone "white discrimination",itis possible to find "Asian discrimination", "Black discrimination" and "Yellow discrimination".
Itis said that whatis currently expanding inthe worldis not the firstwave fromChina, butthe secondwave fromEurope, whichis the pandemic.
-
With this,itisstill understandable that the "whiteman" continues to do the right thing cleanly and correctly andhas succeeded incorona countermeasures.
However,white people have continued to discriminate amongAsians since thebeginning of the spread.
InJanuary andFebruary,itwas not uncommon to hear thatAsians were already walking around in the country,calling them "CoronaCorona."
Byall means,white people are the incarnation ofevil.It's not a good thing.
-
Regardless of the early stages of the epidemic,now that the "hotbed ofcorona infection"has moved there,it should be possible forwhite people tohateit.
Otherwise,it cannot be called "equal discrimination".As a result,itis wrong.
-
-
Ifyou think aboutthe reasonhere, afterall, "targets are races / objects that originally had hostility",
The hypothesismay be that "there are restrictionson mobility and there arewhiteAsian societies, but few non-white societies arewhite."
It must be interesting to study thearea academically.
-
However,historically, I've seen that "white people" crusade variousplaceswith the Crusades and doall they can to the contrary.
I think that the trilingual diplomacy ofBritainhas created the situation in the Middle East, whereterrorismis frequentnowadays, andhas repeatedly carriedout wrongdoingby repeatedly discriminating against blacks, Indians, andyellow races.
So,isn'tit righthere totry to discriminate againstwhite people correctly?
-
Non-whitesocietyis alittle too kind to "white people".
https://youtubecomhelp.zendesk.com/hc/en/community/posts/360007744999-26-03-2020-Жизнь-после-жизни-9-серия-последние-серии-смотреть-
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ロックタウンは、ショッピングセンターのかつて存在したブランド名。
大和ハウス工業とイオンの共同出資により設立されたデベロッパー、ロック開発株式会社が展開・運営していた。
「ロック」(LOC)は「Land Owner and Company」の頭文字を取ったもので、大和ハウスグループの土地有効活用事業(LOCシステム)の
名称でもある。大和ハウスによるイオングループ向の中小型ロードサイド店舗開発の事業主体となっていた。
2011年8月31日、同日付をもって、イオンが大和ハウスの保有する全株式を取得してロック開発を完全子会社とし、翌9月1日をもって
ショッピングセンター名は「ロックタウン」が、同日付で「イオンタウン」を冠にしたSC名に変更され、看板も順次変更された。
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BA
電子版のサブスクリプション解約に際して、ウェブで完結してるだけマシじゃね？ と思ったのは、ニューヨークタイムズで以下の経験をしたことがあるから。
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(電話してこい、なんならこっちからかけてもいいけど電話番号おしえろ。あと時差考えて都合のいい時間帯もな。って主旨)
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(半年半額にするから考え直せよ、電話待ってるからな。っていう上記2の人力返信を台無しにする自動返信)
■4 解約しといたから
This email confirms the cancellation ofyourNew York Times subscription. We'resorry to seeyougo andhope wemay be able to serveyouagain inthe future. We would greatlyappreciate hearingyourfeedback regardingyour experienceas a subscriber. Wouldyoutake amoment to fillout a short survey?
(結局このドタバタした間に向こうからキャンセルしてきたので電話はかかってこなかった)
■最新の手順がどうなってるのかは知らない
なぜならまた同じ面倒なことやるのかと思うとさー。ただ、さすがにこの手の退会プロセスも洗練されてきているのではないか、と思いたいです。
One day, a school teacher wroteon the board following:
9x1=7
9x2=18
9x3=27
9x4=36
9x5=45
9x6=54
9x7=63
9x8=72
9x9=81
9x10=90
When hewasdone, looked to the students and they wereall laughingathim, because of the first equation whichwas wrong, and then the teacher said the following.
"I wrote that firstone wrongon purpose, because I wantedyou to learnsomething important. Thiswas foryou to know how worldout therewill treatyou.You can see that I wrote RIGHT 9 times, but none ofyou congratulated me forit;youall laughed and criticized me because ofone wrong thing Idid.
"The worldwill neverappreciate the goodyou do a million times, butwill criticize theone wrong thingyou do...
Butdon'tget discouraged,Alwaysrise aboveall the Laughter and Criticism.
卒業研究がまるでうまく言ってなくて来週提出の卒論アブストが全く書けない現実逃避に。
Iwas rejectedby my best girlnine months ago.Ithas been unclearthe reasonwhy they broke up despite the each other's intenselove. In this thesis, we provide a clear explanation about the event.
What plays a invaluable role for our study is descriptions gathered from me about each incident that had happened along them. We were able to obtain a largenumber of the descriptions, since a winterchill in theair reminded me the divinememories of thedays withher. We carefully examined each of themand arranged the incidents into somecategories.By combing chronological order and categories of the incidents, we analyzed the emotional changes of me andher.
We propose asimplemodel that explain the breakupbetween them, basedon the above mentioned analysis. From discussions about themodel with some people, themodel is considered to be capturingmajor matters. We also present ourattempt to match themodel tothe existing collection of patterns of the way howonceloved people would break up. Even though thisattempt is not much succeeded,at least it reveals that what I experiencedwas quite ordinal breakup.
私は九ヶ月前に恋人から別れを告げられた．互いに強く想いあっていたにも関わらず彼らが別れることとなった理由は，不明瞭であった．本論文において，我々はこの出来事についての明瞭な解釈を提示する．
我々の研究にとって非常に重要な役割を果たしたのは，彼らに起こった事象に関する多くの私から収集された叙述である．冬の寒さが私に彼女と過ごしたかけがえのない日々を思い出させたおかげで，我々は多くの叙述を得ることができた．我々はそれらの一つ一つを注意深く調べて，幾つかの分類へと整理した．各事象についての時系列順と分類を組み合わせることで，我々は私と彼女の感情的な移り変わりを分析した．
この分析に基いて，我々は彼らの別れを解釈する単純なモデルを提案する．本モデルについて幾人かと行った議論から，本モデルは重要な問題を捉えていると考えられる．さらに，かつて愛し合った人々がどのようにして別れるかのパターンを集めた既存研究と，本モデルを照らし合わせる試みを示す．この試みは十分に成功してはいないものの，少なくとも私が経験したことがありきたりな別れであったことを明らかにしている．
February Withthe world going mobile and billions of new devices requiring electrical storage,battery technology is almost certainly due for a renaissance in the near future and recent developments suggestMIT will play a role in thenext significantbattery technology. Less than a week ago, we reportedon workbeing donebyMIT's Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems (LEES) that could become the first technologically significant and economically viablealternative to conventional batteries in 200 years. Now a second new and highly promisingbattery technology is emerging fromMIT - a new type oflithiumbattery that could become a cheaperalternative to the batteries that nowpower hybrid electriccars.
Until now,lithium batteries have not had the rapid charging capability or safetylevel needed for use incars. Hybridcars now runon nickel metal hydride batteries, whichpower an electric motor and can rapidly recharge while thecar is decelerating or standingstill.
Butlithium nickel manganese oxide, described in a paper to be published in Scienceon Feb. 17, could revolutionize the hybridcar industry -- a sector thathas "enormous growth potential," says Gerbrand Ceder,MIT professor of materials science and engineering,wholed the project.
"The writing ison the wall.It's clearly happening," said Ceder,who said that a couple of companies are already interested in licensing the newlithiumbattery technology.
The new material ismore stable (and thus safer) thanlithiumcobalt oxide batteries, which are used topower small electronic devices likecellphones, laptop computers, rechargeable personaldigitalassistants (PDAs) and such medical devicesas pacemakers.
The small safety risk posedbylithiumcobalt oxide is manageable in small devices butmakes the material not viable for the larger batteries needed to run hybridcars, Ceder said.Cobalt is also fairly expensive, he said.
TheMIT team's newlithiumbattery contains manganese and nickel, which are cheaper thancobalt.
Scientists already knew thatlithium nickel manganese oxide could store a lot of energy, but the material took too long to charge to be commercially useful. TheMIT researcherssetout to modify the material'sstructure tomakeit capable of charging and dischargingmore quickly.
Lithium nickel manganese oxide consists of layers of metal (nickel and manganese) separated fromlithium layersby oxygen. Themajor problem with the compoundwas that the crystallinestructurewas too "disordered," meaning that the nickel andlithium were drawn to each other, interfering with theflow oflithium ions and slowing down the chargingrate.
Lithium ionscarry thebattery's charge, so to maximize the speedat which thebattery can charge and discharge, the researchers designed and synthesized a material with a very ordered crystallinestructure, allowinglithium ions to freelyflow between the metal layers.
Abattery made from the new material can charge or discharge in about10 minutes -- about10 times faster than the unmodifiedlithium nickel manganese oxide. That bringsit muchcloser tothe timeframe needed for hybridcar batteries, Ceder said.
Before the material can be used commercially, the manufacturing process needs to be made less expensive,and a few other modifications will likely be necessary, Ceder said.
Other potential applications for the newlithiumbattery includepower tools, electric bikes, andpower backup for renewable energy sources.
Thelead authoron the research paper is Kisuk Kang, a graduate student in Ceder's lab. Ying Shirley Meng, a postdoctoralassociate in materials science and engineeringatMIT, and Julien Breger and Clare P. Grey of theState University ofNew Yorkat StonyBrook are also authorson the paper.
The researchwas fundedby theNational Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy.
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