c.60 Church of Rome founded by the Apostle Peter (Saint Peter).
19 Jun 325 - 25 Aug 325 First Council of Nicaea.
May 381 - 8 Jul 381 First Council of Constantinople.
22 Jun 431 - 31 Jul 431 Council of Ephesus.
8 Oct 451 - 1 Nov 451 Council of Chalcedon.
29 Mar 537 - Mar 752 Byzantine Papacy during a period of Eastern Roman (Byzantine)
domination of the Roman Papacy.
5 May 553 - 2 Jun 553 Second Council of Constantinople.
7 Nov 680 - 16 Sep 681 Third Council of Constantinople.
14 Apr 754 Donation of Pepin creates a temporalPapal State forthe Popes
of the Roman Catholic Church (also called the Papal States
or the States of the Church; in LatinStatus Pontificius, in
ItalianStato della Chiesa)(confirmed 756 and 774, codified in
781).
24 Sep 787 - 23 Oct 787 Second Council of Nicaea.
5 Oct 869 - 28 Feb 870 Fourth Council of Constantinople.
16 Jul 1054 The "Great Schism" between the Eastern (Orthodox) and Western
(Roman Catholic) Churches.
18 Mar 1123 - 6 Apr 1123 First Lateran Council.
2 Apr 1139 - 17 Apr 1139 Second Lateran Council.
5 Mar 1179 - 19 Mar 1179 Third Lateran Council.
11 Nov 1215 - 30 Nov 1215 Fourth Lateran Council.
28 Jun 1245 - 17 Jul 1245 First Council of Lyons.
7 May 1274 - 17 Jul 1274 Second Council of Lyons.
9 Mar 1309 - 13 Jan 1377 Popes rule from Avignon, France (often referred to as
the "Babylonian Captivity" of the Church).
16 Oct 1311 - 6 May 1313 Council of Vienne in France.
30 Sep 1378 - 11 Nov 1417 The Great Schism in the Western Church.
5 Nov 1414 - 22 Apr 1418 Council of Constance.
23 Jul 1431 - 25 Apr 1449 Council of Basle-Ferrara-Florence.
3 May 1512 - 16 Mar 1517 Fifth Lateran Council.
13 Dec 1545 - 4 Dec 1563 Council of Trent.
10 Jun 1809 - 24 Mar 1814 Papal State annexed to France.
8 Dec 1869 - 20 Oct 1870 First Vatican Council.
19 Oct 1870 Incorporation of Rome and the Patrimony of St. Peter
into Kingdom of Italy.
19 Oct 1870 - 7 Jun 1929 Pope's rule as "Prisoners in the Vatican" in seclusion in
the Vatican Palace in Rome.
7 Jun 1929 Independence ofVatican City State from Italy.
11 Oct 1962 - 8 Dec 1965 Second Vatican Council.
Popes¹(Latin names with English andpersonal names in parentheses)
c.60 - 29 Jun 67 Petrus (= Peter "the Apostle") (b. c.1 AD - d. 67)
(Simon Peter)
c.67 - 23 Sep 76 Linus (b. c.10 - d. 76)
c.76 - 26 Apr 88 Anacletus (Cletus) (b. c.25 - d. c.88)
c.88 - 23 Nov 99 Clemens I (=Clement I) (b. c.35 - d. 99)
(ClemensRomanus)
99 - 27 Oct 105 Evaristus (= Aristus) (b. c.44 - d. c.105)
105 - 3 May 115 Alexander I (b. c.75 - d. 115)
115 - 3 Apr 125 Xystus I (=Sixtus I) (b. 42 - d. 125)
125 - 5 Jan 136 Telesphorus (b. c.67 - d. 136)
136 - 11 Jan 140 Hyginus (b. c.74 - d. 140)
140 - 11 Jul 155 Pius I (b. c.81 - d. 155)
155 - 20 Apr 166 Anicetus (b. c.92 - d. 166)
166 - 22 Apr 175 Soterius (=Soter) (b. c.119 - d. c.175)
175 - 24 May 189 Eleutherius (=Eleuterus) (b. c.130 - d. 189)
189 - 28 Jul 199 Victor I (b. c.155 - d. 199)
199 - 20 Dec 217 Zephyrinus (=Zepheniah) (b. c.160 - d. 217)
c.199 - c.200 Natalius (in opposition)
217 - 14 Oct 222 Callistus I (=Callixtus I) (b. c.155 - d. 222)
217 - 235 Hippolytus (anti-pope) (b. c.170 - d. 235)
(exiled to Sardinia by Emperor Maximinus Thrax in 235)
14 Oct 222 - 23 May 230 UrbanusI (=Urban I) (b. c.175 - d. 230)
21 Aug 230 - 28 Sep 235 Pontianus (=Pontian) (b. c.175 - d. 235)
(exiled to Sardinia by Emperor Maximinus Thrax in 235)
21 Nov 235 - 3 Jan 236 Anterus (b. c.180 - d. 236)
10 Jan 236 - 20 Jan 250 Fabianus (=Fabian) (b. c.200 - d. 250)
6 Mar 251 - 25 Jun 253 Cornelius (b. c.180 - d. 253)
Mar 251 - 258 Novitian (anti-pope) (b. c.220 - d. 258)
25 Jun 253 - 5 Mar 254 Lucius I (b. c.200 - d. 254)
12 May 254 - 2 Aug 257 Stephanus I (= Stephen I) (b. c.205 - d. 257)
30 Aug 257 - 6 Aug 258 XystusII (=Sixtus II) (b. c.215 - d. 258)
22 Jul 259 - 26 Dec 268 Dionysius (b. c.200 - d. 268)
5 Jan 269 - 30 Dec 274 Felix I (b. c.206 - d. 274)
4 Jan 275 - 7 Dec 283 Eutychianus (= Eutychian) (b. c.240 - d. 283)
17 Dec 283 - 22 Apr 296 Caius (= Gaius) (b. c.245 - d. 296)
30 Jun 296 - 26 Apr 304 Marcellinus (b. c.250 - d. 304)
26 Apr 304 - 27 May 308 Interregnum
27 May 308 - 16 Jan 309 Marcellus I (b. c.255 - d. 309)
(banished from Rome by Emperor Maxentius in 308/309)
18 Apr 309 - 17 Aug 310 Eusebius (b. c.255 - d. 310)
(exiled to Sicily by Emperor Maxentius)
2 Jul 311 -10/11 Jan 314 Miltiades (= Melchiades) (b. c.270 - d. 314)
31 Jan 314 - 31 Dec 335 Silvester I (= Sylvester I) (b. c.285 - d. 335)
18 Jan 336 - 7 Oct 336 Marcus (= Mark) (b. c.290 - d. 336)
6 Feb 337 - 12 Apr 352 Iulius I (= Julius I) (b. c.280 - d. 352)
17 May 352 - 24 Sep 366 Liberius (b. c.310 - d. 366)
355 - 22 Nov 365 Felix II (anti-pope) (b. c.300 - d. 365)
(installed by Emperor Constantius II)
1 Oct 366 - 11 Dec 384 Damasus I (b. c.305 - d. 384)
1 Oct 366 - 16 Nov 367 Ursinus (= Ursicinus)(anti-pope) (d. c.385)
17 Dec 384 - 26 Nov 399 Siricius (b. 334 - d. 399)
27 Nov 399 - 19 Dec 401 Anastasius I (b. c.340 - d. 401)
22 Dec 401 - 12 Mar 417 Innocentius I (= InnocentI) (b. c.378 - d. 417)
18 Mar 417 - 26 Dec 418 Zosimus (b. c.370 - d. 418)
27 Dec 418 - 3 Apr 419 Eulalius (anti-pope) (b. 3.. - d. 423)
28 Dec 418 - 4 Sep 422 Bonifatius I (=Boniface I) (b. c.377 - d. 422)
10 Sep 422 - 27 Jul 432 Coelestinus I (=Celestine I) (b. c.380 - d. 432)
31 Jul 432 - 18 Aug 440 Xystus III (=Sixtus III) (b. c.390 - d. 440)
29 Sep 440 - 10 Nov 461 Leo I Magnus (= Leo I "the Great") (b. c.391 - d. 461)
19 Nov 461 - 29 Feb 468 Hilarius (= Hilary) (b. c.400 - d. 468)
3 Mar 468 - 10 Mar 483 Simplicius (b. c.430 - d. 483)
13 Mar 483 - 25 Feb 492 Felix III (II) (b. c.440 - d. 492)
1 Mar 492 - 21 Nov 496 Gelasius I (b. c.410 - d. 496)
24 Nov 496 - 19 Nov 498 Anastasius II (b. c.445 - d. 498)
22 Nov 498 - 19 Jul 514 Symmachus (b. c.460 - d. 514)
22 Nov 498 - 499 Laurentius (Laurence)(anti-pope) (b. c.460 - d. 507/08)
20 Jul 514 - 6 Aug 523 Hormisdas (b. 450 - d. 523)
13 Aug 523 - 18 May 526 Ioannes I (=John I) (b. 470 - d. 526)
12 Jul 526 - 20 Sep 530 Felix IV (III) (b. c.490 - d. 530)
20 Sep 530 - 17 Oct 532 Bonifatius II (= Boniface II) (b. c.490 - d. 532)
22 Sep 530 - 14 Oct 530 Dioscorus (anti-pope) (b. c.490 - d. 530)
2 Jan 533 - 8 May 535 Ioannes II (=John II) (b. c.470 - d. 535)
(Mercurius)
13 May 535 - 22 Apr 536 Agapitus I (= Agapetus I) (b. c.490 - d. 536)
8 Jun 536 - 11 Mar 537 Silverius (b. c.480 - d. 537)
(exiled to island of Palmarola)
29 Mar 537 - 7 Jun 555 Vigilius (b. c.500 - d. 555)
16 Apr 556 - 4 Mar 561 Pelagius I (b. c.501 - d. 561)
17 Jul 561 - 13 Jul 574 IoannesIII (=John III) (b. c.520 - d. 574)
(Catelinus)
2 Jun 575 - 30 Jul 579 Benedictus I (= Benedict I) (b. c.525 - d. 579)
26 Nov 579 - 7 Feb 590 Pelagius II (b. 520 - d. 590)
3 Sep 590 - 12 Mar 604 Gregorius IMagnus (b. c.540 - d. 604)
(= Gregory I "the Great")
(Gregorius Anicius)
Mar 604 - 22 Feb 606 Sabinianus (= Sabinian) (b. c.530 - d. 606)
19 Feb 607 - 12 Nov 607 Bonifatius III (=Boniface III) (b. c.540 - d. 607)
25 Aug 608 - 8 May 615 Bonifatius IV (=Boniface IV) (b. c.550 - d. 615)
19 Oct 615 - 8 Nov 618 Adeodatus I (Deusdedit) (b. c.570 - d. 618)
23 Dec 619 - 23 Oct 625 Bonifatius V (=Boniface V) (b. c.572 - d. 625)
27 Oct 625 - 12 Oct 638 Honorius I (b. c.585 - d. 638)
15 Oct 638 - 2 Aug 640 Severinus (b. c.585 - d. 640)
24 Dec 640 - 12 Oct 642 IoannesIV (=John IV) (b. c.587 - d. 642)
24 Nov 642 - 14 May 649 Theodorus I (=Theodore I) (b. c.610 - d. 649)
5 Jul 649 - 16 Sep 655 Martinus I (=Martin I) (b. c.590 - d. 655)
(exiled to Crimea 18 Jun 653)
10 Aug 655 - 2 Jun 657 Eugenius I (=Eugene I) (b. c.615 - d. 657)
30 Jul 657 - 27 Jan 672 Vitalianus (=Vitalian) (b. c.600 - d. 672)
11 Apr 672 - 16 Jun 676 Adeodatus II (Deusdedit) (b. c.621 - d. 676)
2 Nov 676 - 11 Apr 678 Donus (b. c.610 - d. 678)
27 Jun 678 - 10 Jan 681 Agatho (b. c.57 - d. 681)
17 Aug 682 - 3 Jul 683 Leo II (Leo Maneius) (b. 611 - d. 683)
(elected Jan 681)
26 Jun 684 - 8 May 685 Benedictus II (=Benedict II) (b. 635 - d. 685)
(Benedictus Sabellus)
23 Jul 685 - 2 Aug 686 Ioannes V (=John V) (b. 635 - d. 686)
686 - 21 Oct 686 Theodorus II (= Theodore II)
(1st time)(anti-pope)
21 Oct 686 - 21 Sep 687 Conon (b. c.630 - d. 687)
687 Paschalis (= Paschal) (anti-pope) (d. 692)
687 - 15 Dec 687 Theodorus II (anti-pope)(2nd time)
15 Dec 687 - 8 Sep 701 Sergius I (b. c.650 - d. 701)
30 Oct 701 - 11 Jan 705 Ioannes VI (=John VI) (b. 655 - d. 705)
1 Mar 705 - 18 Oct 707 Ioannes VII (=John VII) (b. c.650 - d. 707)
15 Jan 708 - 4 Feb 708 Sisinnius (b. c.650 - d. 708)
25 Mar 708 - 9 Apr 715 Constantinus (=Constantine) (b. 664 - d. 715)
19 May 715 - 11 Feb 731 Gregorius II (=Gregory II) (b. 669 - d. 731)
(Gregorius Sabellus)
18 Mar 731 - 28 Nov 741 Gregorius III (=Gregory III) (b. 669 - d. 741)
3Dec 741 - 15 Mar 752 Zacharias (=Zachary) (b. 679 - d. 752)
22 Mar 752 - 25 Mar 752 Stephanus (II) (= Stephen[II]) (b. c.700 - d. 752)
(elected, died before consecration)
26 Mar 752 - 26 Apr 757 Stephanus II(III)(= Stephen II) (b. 715 - d. 757)
Apr 757 - May 757 Theophilus(anti-pope)
29 May 757 - 28 Jun 767 Paulus I (=Paul I) (b. c.700 - d. 767)
5 Jul 767 - 7 Aug 768 Constantinus II (=Constantine II) (d. 769?)
(anti-pope)
31 Jul 768 - Aug 768 Philippus (Philip) (anti-pope)
7 Aug 768 - 24 Jan 772 Stephanus III (IV) (=Stephen III) (b. c.720 - d. 772)
9 Feb 772 - 25 Dec 795 Hadrianus I (=Adrian I) (b. c.700 - d. 795)
27 Dec 795 - 12 Jun 816 Leo III (b. c.750 - d. 816)
22 Jun 816 - 24 Jan 817 Stephanus IV (V) (=Stephen IV) (b. c.770 - d. 817)
25 Jan 817 - 11 Feb 824 Paschalis I (= Paschal I (b. c.775 - d. 824)
(Pascale Massimi)
8 May 824 - 27 Aug 827 Eugenius II (=Eugene II) (b. c.780 - d. 827)
31 Aug 827 - 10 Oct 827 Valentinus (= Valentine) (b. c.800 - d. 827)
20 Dec 827 - 25 Jan 844 Gregorius IV (=Gregory IV) (b. c.795 - d. 844)
25 Jan 844 - 844 Ioannes VIII (=John VIII)
(anti-pope)
25 Jan 844 - 27 Jan 847 Sergius II (b. c.790 - d. 847)
10 Apr 847 - 17 Jul 855 Leo IV (b. 790 - d. 855)
29 Sep 855 - 17 Apr 858 Benedictus III (=Benedict III) (b. c.810 - d. 858)
29 Sep 855 - 2 Oct 855 Anastasius III (anti-pope) (b. c.810 - d. 879)
(Anastasio il Bibliotecario)
24 Apr 858 - 13 Nov 867 Nicolaus I "Magnus" (b. c.800 - d. 867)
(= Nicholas I "the Great")
14 Dec 867 - 14 Dec 872 Hadrianus II (= Adrian II) (b. 792 - d. 872)
14 Dec 872 - 16 Dec 882 Ioannes VIII (=John VIII) (b. c.820 - d. 882)
16 Dec 882 - 15 May 884 Marinus I (b. c.830 - d. 884)
15 May 884 - Jul 885 Hadrianus III (= Adrian III) (b. c.830 - d. 885)
Sep 885 - 14 Sep 891 Stephanus V (VI) (=Stephen V) (b. c.840 - d. 891)
6 Oct 891 - 4 Apr 896 Formosus (b. c.810 - d. 896)
11 Apr 896 - 26 Apr 896 Bonifatius VI (= Boniface VI) (b. c.806 - d. 896)
22 May 896 - 14 Aug 897 Stephanus VI (VII) (= Stephen VI) (b. c.850 - d. 897)
Aug 897 - Nov 897 Romanus (b. c.850 - d. 897)
Dec 897 - 20 Dec 897 Theodorus II (=Theodore II) (b. 840 - d. 897)
Apr 898 - 26 Mar 900 Ioannes IX (=John IX) (b. c.840 - d. 900)
Jun 900 - Jul 903 Benedictus IV (=Benedict IV) (b. c.840 - d. 903)
Aug 903 - Sep/Oct 903 Leo V (b. c.845 - d. 903/04)
Sep/Oct 903 - Jan 904 Christophorus (= Christopher) (d. 904/05)
(anti-pope)
29 Jan 904 - 14 Apr 911 Sergius III (b. c.860 - d. 911)
Apr 911 - Jun 913 Anastasius III (b. c.865 - d. 913)
Jul/Aug 913 - Feb/Mar 914 Landus (= Lando) (b. c.865 - d. 914)
Mar 914 - May 928 Ioannes X (=John X) (b. c.860 - d. 928)
May/Jun 928 - Dec 928 Leo VI (Leo Sanguini) (b. c.880 - d. 928)
Dec 928 - 15 Mar 931 Stephanus VII (VIII)(=Stephen VII)(b. c.880 - d. 931)
(Stephanus)
Mar 931 - Dec 935 Ioannes XI (=John XI) (b. 910? - d. 935)
(Octavianus)
3 Jan 936 - 13 Jul 939 Leo VII (b. c.885 - d. 939)
14 Jul 939 - Oct 942 Stephanus VIII(IX)(= Stephen VIII)(b. c.900 - d. 942)
30 Oct 942 - May 946 Marinus II (b. c.900 - d. 946)
10 May 946 - 8 Nov 955 Agapitus II (= Agapetus II) (b. c.905 - d. 956)
16 Dec 955 - 6 Nov 963 Ioannes XII (=John XII) (b. c.937 - d. 964)
(Ottaviano dei conti di Tuscolo)
6 Dec 963 - 26 Feb 964 Leo VIII(1st time) (anti-pope) (b. c.915 - d. 965)
22 May 964 - 23 Jun 964 Benedictus V (=Benedict V) (b. c.915 - d. 966)
23 Jun 964 - 1 Mar 965 Leo VIII (2nd time) (s.a.)
1 Oct 965 - 6 Sep 972 Ioannes XIII (=John XIII) (b. c.930 - d. 972)
(Giovanni Crescenzi)
19 Jan 973 - Jun 974 Benedictus VI (=Benedict VI) (b. c.925 - d. 974)
(elected Sep 972)
Jun 974 - Jul 974 Bonifatius VII (=Boniface VII) (b. c.930 - d. 985)
(1st time)(anti-pope)
(Francone di Ferruccio)
Oct 974 - 10 Jul 983 Benedictus VII(=Benedict VII) (b. c.930 - d. 983)
Dec 983 - 20 Aug 984 Ioannes XIV (=John XIV) (b. c.940 - d. 984)
(Pietro Campanora)
Aug 984 - 20 Jul 985 Bonifatius VII (2nd time) (s.a.)
(anti-pope)
Aug 985 - 1 Apr 996 Ioannes XV (=John XV) (b. c.950 - d. 996)
(Giovanni di Gallina Alba)
[sometimes called XVI because of legendary predecessor]
3 May 996 - 18 Feb 999 Gregorius V (=Gregory V) (b. c.972 - d. 999)
(Bruno von Kärnten)
Mar 997 - Feb 998 Ioannes XVI (=John XVI)(anti-pope)(b. c.945 - d. 1001)
(Giovanni Filagato)
2 Apr 999 - 12 May 1003 Silvester II (= Sylvester II) (b. c.946 - d. 1003)
(Gerbert d'Aurillac)
16 May 1003 - 6 Nov 1003 Ioannes XVII (=John XVII) (b. c.955 - d. 1003)
(Giovanni Sicco)
[He took the number XVI, but some historianscorrected
his number to XVII, despite XVI having been an anti-pope]
25 Dec 1003 - 18 Jul 1009 IoannesXVIII (=John XVIII) (b. c.965 - d. 1009)
(Giovanni Fasano; Phasianus)
[He took the number XVII, but some historians
corrected his number to include anti-pope John XVI]
31 Jul 1009 - 12 May 1012 Sergius IV (b. c.970 - d. 1012)
(Pietro Boccapecora)
18 May 1012 - 9 Apr 1024 Benedictus VIII (=Benedict VIII) (b. c.980 - d. 1024)
(Teofilatto dei conti di Tuscolo)
12 Jun 1012 - Dec 1012 Gregorius VI (=Gregory VI)
(anti-pope)
24 Jun 1024 - 9 Nov 1032 Ioannes XIX(= John XIX) (b. c.975 - d. 1032)
(Romano dei conti di Tuscolo)
[He took the number XVIII, but some historians
corrected his number to include anti-pope John XVI]
1 Jan 1033 - 13 Jan 1045 Benedictus IX (=Benedict IX) (b. c.1012 - d. 1055)
(Teofilatto, conti di Tuscolo)
(1st time)
13 Jan 1045 - 10 Mar 1045 Silvester III (anti-pope) (b. c.1000 - d. 1063)
(Giovanni de' Crescenzi Ottaviani)
10 Mar 1045 - 1 May 1045 Benedictus IX (2nd time) (s.a.)
(Teofilatto, conti di Tuscolo)
5 May 1045 - 20 Dec 1046 Gregorius VI (=Gregory VI) (b. c.1000 - d. 1048)
(Giovanni Graziano; Johannes Gratianus)
24 Dec 1046 - 9 Oct 1047 Clemens II (= Clement II) (b. c.967 - d. 1047)
(Suidger von Morsleben)
8 Nov 1047 - 17 Jul 1048 Benedictus IX (3rd time) (s.a.)
(Teofilatto, conti di Tuscolo)
17 Jul 1048 - 9 Aug 1048 Damasus II (elected 25 Dec 1047) (b. c.1000 - d. 1048)
(Poppone de' Curagnoni di Bressanone)
12 Feb 1049 - 19 Apr 1054 Leo IX (elected Dec 1048) (b. 1002 - d. 1054)
(Bruno, graf von Egisheim-Dagsburg)
13 Apr 1055 - 28 Jul 1057 Victor II (b. c.1018 - d. 1057)
(Gebhard, graf von Calw, Tollenstein und Hirschberg)
2 Aug 1057 - 29 Mar 1058 Stephanus IX (X) (= Stephen IX) (b. c.1020 - d. 1058)
(Frédéric de Lorraine)
5 Apr 1058 - 24 Jan 1059 Benedictus X (=Benedict X) (d. 1074)
(Giovanni Mincio dei conti di Tuscolo)
(anti-pope)
6 Dec 1058 - 27 Jul 1061 Nicolaus II (= Nicholas II) (b. c.980 - d. 1061)
(Gérard de Bourgogne)
1 Oct 1061 - 21 Apr 1073 Alexander II (b. c.1015 - d. 1073)
(Anselmo da Bàggio)
28 Oct 1061 - 31 May 1064 Honorius II (anti-pope) (b. c.1010 - d. 1072)
(Pietro Cadalo)
22 Apr 1073 - 25 May 1085 Gregorius VII (=Gregory VII) (b. 1015/28 - d. 1085)
(Ildebrando di Sovana)
25 Jun 1080 - 8 Sep 1100 Clement III (anti-pope) (b. c.1025 - d. 1100)
(Guiberto di Ravenna)
24 May 1086 - 16 Sep 1087 Victor III (b. c.1026 - d. 1087)
(Desiderio da Montecassino; Dauferio Epifani)
12 Mar 1088 - 29 Jul 1099 Urbanus II (= Urban II) (b. c.1042 - d. 1099)
(Otho de Lagery)
13 Aug 1099 - 21 Jan 1118 Paschalis II (= Paschal II) (b. c.1050 - d. 1118)
(Rainero Raineri di Bleda)
8 Sep 1100 - Jan 1101 Theodericus (anti-pope) (b. c.1030 - d. 1102)
(Teodorico)
Feb 1101 - Mar? 1101 Albertus (anti-pope)
(Alberto, Adalberto)
18 Nov 1105 - 12 Apr 1111 Silvester IV (anti-pope) (b. 1050 - d. 11..)
(Maginulfo)
24 Jan 1118 - 29 Jan 1119 Gelasius II (b. 1060/64 - d. 1119)
(GiovanniConiulo)
10 Mar 1118 - 22 Apr 1121 Gregorius VIII (=Gregory VIII) (d. 1137)
(Maurice Bourdin)
(anti-pope)
2 Feb 1119 - 13 Dec 1124 Callistus II (=Calixtus II) (b. c.1065 - d. 1124)
(Guy de Vienne)
15 Dec 1124 - 13 Feb 1130 Honorius II (b. 1060 - d. 1130)
(Lamberto Scannabecchi)
15 Dec 1124 - 16 Dec 1124 Coelestinus II (=Celestine II) (b. 1050 - d. 1125/26)
(Teobaldo Boccapecci)
(anti-pope)
14 Feb 1130 - 24 Sep 1143 Innocentius II (=Innocent II) (b. 1089 - d. 1143)
(Gregorio Papareschi)
14 Feb 1130 - 25 Jan 1138 Anacletus II (anti-pope) (b. c.1090 - d. 1138)
(Pietro Pierleoni)
15 Mar 1138 - 29 May 1138 Victor IV (anti-pope) (d. 1139)
(Gregorio de Ceccano)
26 Sep 1143 - 8 Mar 1144 Coelestinus II (= Celestine II) (b. c.1100 - d. 1144)
(Guido Guelfucci)
12 Mar 1144 - 15 Feb 1145 Lucius II (b. c.1079 - d. 1145)
(Gherardo Caccianemici dal Orso)
18 Feb 1145 - 8 Jul 1153 Eugenius III (= Eugene III) (b. c.1080 - d. 1153)
(Bernardo da Pisa)
9 Jul 1153 - 3 Dec 1154 Anastasius IV (b. c.1073 - d. 1154)
(Corrado Demetri della Suburra)
4 Dec 1154 - 1 Sep 1159 Hadrianus IV (= Adrian IV) (b. c.1100 - d. 1159)
(Nicholas Breakspear)
7 Sep 1159 - 30 Aug 1181 Alexander III (b. c.1105 - d. 1181)
(Orlando Bandinelli)
7 Sep 1159 - 20 Apr 1164 Victor IV (anti-pope) (b. 1095 - d. 1164)
(Ottaviano dei Crescenzi Ottaviani)
26 Apr 1164 - 20 Sep 1168 Paschalis III (=Paschal III) (b. 1110 - d. 1168)
(Guido da Crema)
(anti-pope)
20 Sep 1168 - 29 Aug 1178 Callistus III (=Calixtus III) (d. 1183)
(Giovanni di Struma)
(anti-pope)
29 Sep 1179 - Jan 1180 Innocentius III (=Innocent III) (d. c.1183)
(Lando di Sezze)
(anti-pope)
1 Sep 1181 - 25 Nov 1185 Lucius III (b. 1097 - d. 1185)
(Ubaldo Allucignoli)
25 Nov 1185 - 20 Oct 1187 Urbanus III (= Urban III) (b. c.1120 - d. 1187)
(Uberto Crivelli)
21 Oct 1187 - 17 Dec 1187 Gregorius VIII (=Gregory VIII) (b. c.1100 - d. 1187)
(Alberto di Morra)
19 Dec 1187 - 25 Mar 1191 Clemens III (= Clement III) (d. 1191)
(Paolo Scolari)
10 Apr 1191 - 8 Jan 1198 Coelestinus III (=Celestine III) (b. c.1106 - d. 1198)
(Giacinto Bobone Orsini)
8 Jan 1198 - 16 Jul 1216 Innocentius III (=Innocent III) (b. 1160 - d. 1216)
(Lotario dei conti dei Segni)
18 Jul 1216 - 18 Mar 1227 Honorius III (b. c.1150 - d. 1227)
(Cencio Savelli)
8Mar 1227 - 22 Aug 1241 Gregorius IX(= Gregory IX) (b. c.1145 - d. 1241)
(Ugolino dei conti di Segni)
25 Oct 1241 - 10 Nov 1241 Coelestinus IV (=Celestine IV) (d. 1241)
(Goffredo Castiglioni)
(not consecrated)
25 Jun 1243 - 7 Dec 1254 InnocentiusIV (=Innocent IV) (b. c.1195 - d. 1254)
(Sinibaldo Fieschi)
12 Dec 1254 - 25 May 1261 Alexander IV (b. c.1199 - d. 1261)
(Rinaldo dei conti di Jenne)
29 Aug 1261 - 2 Oct 1264 Urbanus IV (= Urban IV) (b. c.1195 - d. 1264)
(Jacques Pantaléon)
5 Feb 1265 - 29 Nov 1268 Clemens IV (= Clement IV) (b. c.1200 - d. 1268)
(Guido Foulques)
29 Nov 1268 - 1 Sep 1271 interregnum
1 Sep 1271 - 10 Jan 1276 Gregorius X (=Gregory X) (b. 1210 - d. 1276)
(Tebaldo Visconti)
(elected 1 Sep 1271)
21 Jan 1276 - 22 Jun 1276 Innocentius V (=Innocent V) (b. 1224/25 - d. 1276)
(Pierre de Tarentaise)
11 Jul 1276 - 18 Aug 1276 Adrianus V (= Adrian V) (b. c.1205 - d. 1276)
(Ottobuono Fieschi)
16 Sep 1276 - 20 May 1277 Ioannes XXI (=John XXI) (b. c.1210 - d. 1277)
(Pedro Julião)
[there was noIoannes XX]
25 Nov 1277 - 22 Aug 1280 Nicolaus III (=Nicholas III) (b. c.1216 - d. 1280)
(Giovanni Gaetano Orsini)
22 Feb 1281 - 28 Mar 1285 Martinus IV (= Martin IV) (b. c.1210 - d. 1285)
(Simon de Brion)
[no Pope is named Martin II or Martin III, due
to confusion of the names Marinus and Martinus]
2 Apr 1285 - 3 Apr 1287 Honorius IV (b. c.1210 - d. 1287)
(Giacomo Savelli)
15 Feb 1288 - 4 Apr 1292 Nicolaus IV(= Nicholas IV) (b. 1227 - d. 1292)
(Girolamo Masci)
4 Apr 1292 - 5 Jul 1294 interregnum
5 Jul 1294 - 13 Dec 1294 Coelestinus V (=Celestine V) (b. c.1209 - d. 1296)
(Pietro da Morrone)
24 Dec 1294 - 11 Oct 1303 Bonifacius VIII (=Boniface VIII) (b. c.1230 - d. 1303)
(Benedetto Caetani)
22 Oct 1303 - 7 Jul 1304 Benedictus XI (=Benedict XI) (b. 1240 - d. 1304)
(Niccolò di Boccasini)
5 Jun 1305 - 20 Apr 1314 Clemens V (= Clement V) (b. 1264 - d. 1314)
(Bertrand de Got)
(in Avignonfrom Mar 1309)
20 Apr 1314 - 7 Aug 1316 interregnum
7 Aug 1316 - 4 Dec 1334 Ioannes XXII (=John XXII) (b. 1249 - d. 1334)
(Jacques-Arnaud d'Euse)(in Avignon)
12 May 1328 - 25 Aug 1330 Nicolaus V (=Nicholas V) (b. c.1260 - d. 1333)
(Pietro Rainalducci) (anti-pope)
(in Rome, then Viterbo)
30 Dec 1335 - 25 Apr 1342 Benedictus XII (=Benedict XII) (b. 1285 - d. 1342)
(Jacques Fournier)
7 May 1342 - 6 Dec 1352 Clemens VI (= Clement VI) (b. 1291 - d. 1352)
(Pierre Roger)
18 Dec 1352 - 12 Sep 1362 Innocentius VI (=Innocent VI) (b. 1282 - d. 1362)
(Étienne Aubert)
28 Sep 1362 - 19 Dec 1370 Urbanus V (= Urban V) (b. 1310 - d. 1370)
(Guillaume de Grimoard)
30 Dec 1370 - 26 Mar 1378 Gregorius XI (=Gregory XI) (b. c.1330 - d. 1378)
(Pierre Roger de Beaufort)
(in Avignon to 13 Sep 1376, then Rome from 17 Jan 1377)
8 Apr 1378 - 15 Oct 1389 Urbanus VI (= Urban VI) (b. c.1318 - d. 1389)
(Bartolomeo Prignano)
20 Sep 1378 - 16 Sep 1394 Clement VII (anti-Pope)(in Avignon)(b. 1342 - d. 1394)
(Robert de Genève)
2 Nov 1389 - 1 Oct 1404 Bonifacius IX (= Boniface IX) (b. c.1359 - d. 1404)
(Pietro Tomacelli)
28 Sep 1394 - 26 Jul 1417 Benedictus XIII (=Benedict XIII) (b. c.1328 - d. 1423)
(Pedro Martínez de Luna)(in Avignon)
(anti-Pope)
17 Oct 1404 - 6 Nov 1406 Innocentius VII (=Innocent VII) (b. 1336 - d. 1406)
(Cosimo de' Migliorati)
30 Nov 1406 - 4 Jul 1415 Gregorius XII (=Gregory XII) (b. c.1327 - d. 1417)
(Angelo Correr)
26 Jun 1409 - 3 May 1410 Alexander V (in Pisa) (anti-Pope) (b. c.1339 - d. 1410)
(Pietro Filargo da Candia)
17 May 1410 - 29 May 1415 Ioannes XXIII (=John XXIII) (b. c.1370 - d. 1419)
(Baldassare Cossa)(anti-Pope)
(in Pisa)
29 May 1415 - 21 Nov 1417 interregnum
(no election considered valid due to the Great Schism)
11 Nov 1417 - 20 Feb 1431 Martinus V (= Martin V) (b. 1368 - d. 1431)
(Oddone Colonna)
10 Jun 1423 - 26 Jul 1429 Clemens VIII (= Clement VIII) (b. c.1369 - d. 1446)
(Gil Sánchez Muñoz Dousel)
(anti-Pope)(in Aragon)
12 Nov 1425 - 1430? Benedictus XIV (=Benedict XIV) (d. c.1433)
(Bernard Garnier)(anti-Pope)
1430 - 1437? Benedictus XIV (=Benedict XIV II)(d. c.1437)
(Jean Carrier) (anti-Pope)
(in France)
3 Mar 1431 - 23 Feb 1447 Eugenius IV (= Eugene IV) (b. 1383? - d. 1447)
(Gabriele Condulmer)
5 Nov 1439 - 7 Apr 1449 Felix V (anti-Pope) (in Basel) (b. 1383 - d. 1451)
(Amadeo VIII, duca di Savoia)
6 Mar 1447 - 24 Mar 1455 Nicolaus V (= Nicholas V) (b. 1397 - d. 1455)
(Tommaso Parentucelli)
8 Apr 1455 - 6 Aug 1458 Callistus III (=Calixtus III) (b. 1378 - d. 1458)
(Alfonso de Borja)
19 Aug 1458 - 14 Aug 1464 Pius II (b. 1405 - d. 1464)
(Enea Silvio Piccolomini)
30 Aug 1464 - 26 Jul 1471 Paulus II (= Paul II) (b. 1417 - d. 1471)
(Pietro Barbo)
9 Aug 1471 - 12 Aug 1484 Xystus IV (= Sixtus IV) (b. 1414 - d. 1484)
(Francesco della Rovere)
29 Aug 1484 - 25 Jul 1492 InnocentiusVIII (=Innocent VIII) (b. 1432 - d. 1492)
(Giovanni Battista Cybo)
11 Aug 1492 - 18 Aug 1503 Alexander VI (b. 1431 - d. 1503)
(Rodrigo Lanzol de Borja)
[he took the name Alexander VI, since Alexander V
had been used by an anti-pope 1409-1410]
22 Sep 1503 - 18 Oct 1503 Pius III (b. 1439 - d. 1503)
(Francesco Todeschini-Piccolomini)
1 Nov 1503 - 21 Feb 1513 Iulius II (= Julius II) (b. 1443 - d. 1513)
(Giuliano della Rovere)
9 Mar 1513 - 1 Dec 1521 Leo X (b. 1475 - d. 1521)
(Giovanni de' Medici)
9 Jan 1522 - 14 Sep 1523 Adrianus VI (= Adrian VI) (b. 1459 - d. 1523)
(Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens)
19 Nov 1523 - 25 Sep 1534 Clemens VII (=Clement VII) (b. 1478 - d. 1534)
(Giulio de' Medici)
(prisoner of Holy Roman Emperor Karl V
in Castel Sant'Angelo 7 May - 6 Jun 1527)
13 Oct 1534 - 10 Nov 1549 Paulus III (= Paul III) (b. 1468 - d. 1549)
(Alessandro Farnese)
27 Feb 1550 - 23 Mar 1555 Iulius III (= Julius III) (b. 1487 - d. 1555)
(Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte)
9Apr 1555 - 1 May 1555 Marcellus II (b. 1501 - d. 1555)
(Marcello Cervini)
23 May 1555 - 18 Aug 1559 Paulus IV (= Paul IV) (b. 1476 - d. 1559)
(Giovanni Pietro Carafa)
25 Dec 1559 - 9 Dec 1565 Pius IV (b. 1499 - d. 1565)
(Giovan Angelo de' Medici)
7 Jan 1566 - 1 May 1572 Pius V (b. 1504 - d. 1572)
(Michele Ghislieri)
13 May 1572 - 10 Apr 1585 Gregorius XIII (=Gregory XIII) (b. 1502 - d. 1585)
(Ugo Boncompagni)
28 Apr 1585 - 27 Aug 1590 Xystus V (= Sixtus V) (b. 1520 - d. 1590)
(Felice Peretti de Montalto)
15 Sep 1590 - 27 Sep 1590 Urbanus VII (= Urban VII) (b. 1521 - d. 1590)
(Giovanni Battista Castagna)
5 Dec 1590 - 16 Oct 1591 Gregorius XIV (=Gregory XIV) (b. 1535 - d. 1591)
(Niccolò Sfondrati)
29 Oct 1591 - 30 Dec 1591 Innocentius IX (=Innocent IX) (b. 1519 - d. 1591)
(Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti)
20 Jan 1592 - 3 Mar 1605 Clemens VIII (=Clement VIII) (b. 1536 - d. 1605)
(Ippolito Aldobrandini)
10 Apr 1605 - 27 Apr 1605 Leo XI (b. 1535 - d. 1605)
(Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici)
1 Apr 1605 - 28 Jan 1621 Paulus V (= Paul V) (b. 1552 - d. 1621)
(Camillo Borghese)
9Feb 1621 - 8 Jul 1623 Gregorius XV (= Gregory XV) (b. 1554 - d. 1623)
(Alessandro Ludovisi)
6 Aug 1623 - 29 Jul 1644 Urbanus VIII (= Urban VIII) (b. 1568 - d. 1644)
(Maffeo Barberini)
15 Sep 1644 - 7 Jan 1655 Innocentius X (= Innocent X) (b. 1574 - d. 1655)
(Giovanni Battista Pamphilj)
7 Apr 1655 - 22 May 1667 Alexander VII (b. 1559 - d. 1667)
(Fabio Chigi)
20 Jun 1667 - 9 Dec 1669 Clemens IX (= Clement IX) (b. 1600 - d. 1669)
(Giulio Rospigliosi)
26 Apr 1670 - 22 Jul 1676 Clemens X (= Clement X) (b. 1590 - d. 1676)
(Emilio Bonaventura Altieri)
21 Sep 1676 - 12 Aug 1689 Innocentius XI (= Innocent XI) (b. 1611 - d. 1689)
(Benedetto Odescalchi)
6 Oct 1689 - 1 Feb 1691 Alexander VIII (b. 1610 - d. 1691)
(Pietro Vito Ottoboni)
12 Jul 1691 - 27 Sep 1700 Innocentius XII (= Innocent XII) (b. 1615 - d. 1700)
(Antonio Pignatelli)
23 Nov 1700 - 19 Mar 1721 Clemens XI (= Clement XI) (b. 1649 - d. 1721)
(Giovanni Francesco Albani)
8 May 1721 - 7 Mar 1724 Innocentius XIII (= Innocent XIII) (b. 1655 - d. 1724)
(Michelangelo dei Conti)
29 May 1724 - 21 Feb 1730 Benedictus XIII (= Benedict XIII) (b. 1649 - d. 1730)
(Pier Francesco Orsini)
12 Jul 1730 - 6 Feb 1740 Clemens XII (= Clement XII) (b. 1652 - d. 1740)
(Lorenzo Corsini dei Sismano)
17 Aug 1740 - 3 May 1758 Benedictus XIV (= Benedict XIV) (b. 1675 - d. 1758)
(Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini)
6 Jul 1758 - 2 Feb 1769 Clemens XIII (=Clement XIII) (b. 1693 - d. 1769)
(Carlo Rezzonico)
19 May 1769 - 22 Sep 1774 Clemens XIV (=Clement XIV) (b. 1705 - d. 1774)
(Giovanni Ganganelli)
15 Feb 1775 - 29 Aug 1799 Pius VI (b. 1717 - d. 1799)
(Giovanni Angelo Braschi)
(from 20 Feb 1798, prisoner in Valence, France)
29 Aug 1799 - 14 Mar 1800 interregnum
14 Mar 1800 - 20 Aug 1823 Pius VII (b. 1742 - d. 1823)
(Giorgio Barnaba Luigi Chiaramonti)
(French prisoner 6 Jul 1809 - 25 Mar 1812; in Savona
to 19 Jun 1812 and 16-19 Mar 1814; at Fontainebleau
19 Jun 1812 - 23 Jan 1814; returned to Rome 24 May 1814)
28 Sep 1823 - 10 Feb 1829 Leo XII (b. 1760 - d. 1829)
(Annibale della Genga)
31 Mar 1829 - 30 Nov 1830 Pius VIII (b. 1761 - d. 1830)
(Francesco Saverio Castiglioni)
2 Feb 1831 - 1 Jun 1846 Gregorius XVI (= Gregory XVI) (b. 1765 - d. 1846)
(Bartolomeo Alberto Capellari)
16 Jun 1846 - 7 Feb 1878 Pius IX (b. 1792 - d. 1878)
(Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti)
(in Gaeta, Naples exile 9 Feb 1849-12 May 1850)
20 Feb 1878 - 20 Jul 1903 Leo XIII (b. 1810 - d. 1903)
(Gioacchino Pecci)
4 Aug 1903 - 20 Aug 1914 Pius X (b. 1835 - d. 1914)
(Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto)
3 Sep 1914 - 22 Jan 1922 Benedictus XV (=Benedict XV) (b. 1854 - d. 1922)
(Giacomo della Chiesa)
6 Feb 1922 - 10 Feb 1939 Pius XI (b. 1857 - d. 1939)
(Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti)
2 Mar 1939 - 9 Oct 1958 Pius XII (b. 1876 - d. 1958)
(Eugenio Pacelli)
28 Oct 1958 - 3 Jun 1963 Ioannes XXIII (= John XXIII) (b. 1881 - d. 1963)
(Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli)
21 Jun 1963 - 6 Aug 1978 Paulus VI (= Paul VI) (b. 1897 - d. 1978)
(Giovanni Battista Montini)
26 Aug 1978 - 28 Sep 1978 Ioannes Paulus I (= John Paul I) (b. 1912 - d. 1978)
(Albino Luciani)
16 Oct 1978 - 2 Apr 2005 Ioannes Paulus II (= John Paul II) (b. 1920 - d. 2005)
(Karol Józef Wojtyla)
19 Apr 2005 - 28 Feb 2013 Benedictus XVI (= Benedict XVI) (b. 1927 - d. 2022)
(Joseph Alois Ratzinger)
(28 Feb 2013 - 31 Dec 2022 titledPope Emeritus)
13 Mar 2013 - Franciscus (= Francis) (b. 1936)
(Jorge Mario Bergoglio Sivori)
¹full Papal title:
(a) 1870 - 7 Jun 1929 (Short form): (in Latin)Episcopus Romanus, Summus Pontifex Ecclesiae Catholicae; (in Italian)Vescovo di Roma, Sommo Pontefice della Chiesa Cattolica ("Bishop of Rome, Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church");
(b) from 7 Jun 1929 (Short form):Sommo Pontefice, Sovrano dello Stato della Città del Vaticano ("Supreme Pontiff, Sovereign of the Vatican City State");
(i) 7 Jun 1929 - 1 Mar 2006 (Long form):Vescovo di Roma, Vicario di Gesù Cristo, Successore del principe degli apostoli, Sommo Pontefice della chiesa universale, Patriarca di Occidente, Primate d'Italia, Arcivescovo e Metropolita della Provincia Romana, Sovrano dello Stato della Città del Vaticano, Servo dei Servi di Dio("Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Patriarch of the West, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the Vatican City State, Servant of the Servants of God");
(ii) from 1 Mar 2006 (Long form):Vescovo di Roma, Vicario di Gesù Cristo, Successore del principe degli apostoli, Sommo Pontefice della chiesa universale, Primate d'Italia, Arcivescovo e Metropolita della Provincia Romana, Sovrano dello Stato della Città del Vaticano, Servo dei Servi di Dio("Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the Vatican City State, Servant of the Servants of God").
© Ben Cahoon
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![[Papal Flag 17th cent - 1803]](/image.pl?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.worldstatesmen.org%2fit-chiesag1.gif&f=jpg&w=240 "[Papal Flag 17th cent - 1803]")
![[Papal flag c.1803-1825]](/image.pl?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.worldstatesmen.org%2fIt_chiesab.gif&f=jpg&w=240 "[Papal flag c.1803-1825]")
![[Papal Flag since 1825]](/image.pl?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.worldstatesmen.org%2fit-chiesa.gif&f=jpg&w=240 "[Papal Flag since 1825]")