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Yuzhou 禹州市 | |
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![Yuzhou railway station [zh]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aYuzhouzhanjinjing.jpg) | |
 Yuzhou in Xuchang | |
  Yuzhou Location in Henan | |
| Coordinates:34°08′31″N113°29′20″E / 34.142°N 113.489°E /34.142; 113.489 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Henan |
| Prefecture-level city | Xuchang |
| Established Date | 25 June 1998 |
| Government | |
| • Party Secretary | Wang Hongwu |
| • Mayor | Fan Xiaodong |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,472 km2 (568 sq mi) |
| Population (2019)[1] | |
• Total | 1,167,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 461670 |
| Area code | 0374 |
| Website | www |
Yuzhou (Chinese:禹州;pinyin:Yǔzhōu;Wade–Giles:Yü-chou) is acounty-level city in the central part ofHenan,People's Republic of China.[2][3] Yuzhou City, referred to as "Jun", was called Yangzhai, Junzhou and Yingchuan in ancient times, and also called Xiadu, Jundu and Medicine Capital.[4] It occupies the northwest corner of theprefecture-level city ofXuchang.[2] The city is named forYu the Great,[5] the founder of theXia Dynasty, which the city's government claims was founded in present-day Yuzhou,[3] and that the dynasty's capital was located in present-day Yuzhou.[5] There is a statue of Yu the Great in Yuzhou, and he serves as a symbol of the city.
The famousJun ware (钧瓷) ofporcelain originates in Yuzhou,[3] specifically, in the town ofShenhou [zh] (神垕镇).[citation needed] Jun ware comprises one of theFive Great Kilns,[3] a group of highly esteemed porcelain types from theSong dynasty. Yuzhou has historically served as a major center oftraditional Chinese medicine, and the city's historic medicinal tradition has been recognized by the national government.[3] Famous Chinese doctorSun Simiao (孙思邈) had been a doctor in Yuzhou for a long period of time during theTang dynasty.[citation needed]
Nicknames for the city include"Summer Capital" (Chinese:夏都;pinyin:xià dū),"Jun Capital" (Chinese:钧都;pinyin:jūn dū), and"Medicine Capital" (Chinese:药都;pinyin:yào dū).[3] Yuzhou was named the first historical and cultural city in Henan Province in 1989. In 2011, it was named "China Ceramics Historical and Cultural City", and in 2018, it was named "National Health City" by theNational Patriotic Health Campaign Committee [zh].
The Wadian archeological site, part of a network of sites belonging to theLate NeolithicLongshan culture, is located in Yuzhou.[6] The Wadian site spans an area of about 1,000,000 square metres (0.39 sq mi), and contains a large complex believed to be anancestral temple.[6]
Yuzhou was changed from acounty to acounty-level city in 1988.[3]
At the beginning of January 2022, it was forced into aCOVID-19 lockdown after threeasymptomatic cases ofCOVID-19 variants were discovered.[7]
Located in central Henan Province, the transition zone between Funiu Mountain and southeast Henan Plain, the city covers an area of 1469 square kilometers, and the general trend of terrain is tilted from northwest to southeast.
Yuzhou's urban center is located 60 kilometres (37 mi) fromXinzheng International Airport, and 80 kilometres (50 mi) from the urban center of the provincial capital ofZhengzhou.[3]
23.24% of Yuzhou's area isforested.[3]
| Climate data for Yuzhou, elevation 146 m (479 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.8 (69.4) | 23.9 (75.0) | 27.5 (81.5) | 35.4 (95.7) | 40.3 (104.5) | 40.1 (104.2) | 40.4 (104.7) | 38.5 (101.3) | 37.6 (99.7) | 34.9 (94.8) | 28.3 (82.9) | 22.8 (73.0) | 40.4 (104.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.4 (43.5) | 10.1 (50.2) | 15.6 (60.1) | 22.1 (71.8) | 27.6 (81.7) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.0 (89.6) | 30.7 (87.3) | 26.9 (80.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 14.7 (58.5) | 8.5 (47.3) | 20.7 (69.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) | 4.1 (39.4) | 9.6 (49.3) | 15.9 (60.6) | 21.5 (70.7) | 26.0 (78.8) | 27.3 (81.1) | 25.9 (78.6) | 21.3 (70.3) | 15.8 (60.4) | 8.8 (47.8) | 3.0 (37.4) | 15.0 (59.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.3 (26.1) | −0.6 (30.9) | 4.4 (39.9) | 10.1 (50.2) | 15.7 (60.3) | 20.4 (68.7) | 23.3 (73.9) | 22.2 (72.0) | 17.1 (62.8) | 11.1 (52.0) | 4.1 (39.4) | −1.3 (29.7) | 10.3 (50.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −16.9 (1.6) | −18.8 (−1.8) | −7.7 (18.1) | −1.1 (30.0) | 3.0 (37.4) | 11.0 (51.8) | 15.9 (60.6) | 11.5 (52.7) | 5.3 (41.5) | −1.4 (29.5) | −8.5 (16.7) | −12.2 (10.0) | −18.8 (−1.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 8.8 (0.35) | 11.7 (0.46) | 22.5 (0.89) | 36.4 (1.43) | 58.1 (2.29) | 81.9 (3.22) | 146.5 (5.77) | 117.0 (4.61) | 75.9 (2.99) | 41.6 (1.64) | 29.2 (1.15) | 8.6 (0.34) | 638.2 (25.14) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.8 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 10.9 | 10.7 | 9.2 | 6.4 | 5.7 | 3.6 | 81.8 |
| Average snowy days | 4.2 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 12.3 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 61 | 62 | 61 | 65 | 64 | 65 | 78 | 81 | 77 | 70 | 68 | 61 | 68 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 125.5 | 135.4 | 171.3 | 197.8 | 209.2 | 197.3 | 179.3 | 175.8 | 152.8 | 152.7 | 138.7 | 133.7 | 1,969.5 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 40 | 43 | 46 | 50 | 48 | 46 | 41 | 43 | 42 | 44 | 45 | 44 | 44 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[8][9] | |||||||||||||
Yuzhou is directly divided into 5subdistricts, 19towns, 1township, and 1ethnic township.[3][10] These 26township-level divisions then further administer 678village-level divisions.[3]
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As of 2020, theper capitadisposable income of Yuzhou's urban residents reached 35,330renminbi (RMB), a 1.6% increase from 2019.[3] This figure stood at 20,442 RMB for the city's rural residents, a 6.3% increase from 2019.[3] 52% of Yuzhou's residents live in urban areas.[3]
95% of Yuzhou's population is connected to the city's water grid, 90% of the population has a gas connection, and 58% receive municipal heating.[3]
As of March 2023, the total population of Yuzhou is 1.3 million, and the urban permanent population is 470,000.[11]
In 2022, Yuzhou's GDP reached 92.69 billion yuan, an increase of 2.7%; Revenue in the general public budget was 3.05 billion yuan, up 12% year on year.[11]
Yuzhou is located in theCentral Plains Economic Zone, an economic region of centralHenan province, and borders theZhengzhou Airport Economy Zone.[3]
Crops used intraditional Chinese medicine are grown in large quantities in Yuzhou, and a 2021 government publication estimates that about 400,000mu of cropland are used to grow plants for use in traditional Chinese medicine.[3] The same report estimated that 170,000 mu of cropland in Yuzhou is used to growsweet potatoes.[3]Grains are also grown in large quantities throughout the city, and a large number ofpigs are raised Yuzhou.[3]
The area of Yuzhou is home to significant deposits ofcoal,limestone,bauxite, andclay.[3]
The city is home tothermal power plants with a capacity of 2.02 millionkilowatts.[3]
TheBeijing–Guangzhou railway passes through east of Yuzhou.[3] TheYuzhou–Dengfeng railway (Chinese:禹登铁路;pinyin:Yǔ–Dēng tiělù) runs through the western portion of Yuzhou, connecting the city to nearbyDengfeng.[3] TheYuzhou–Bozhou railway [zh] begins in the city, linking it to theprefecture-level city ofBozhou in northwestern Anhui province.[3]
China National Highway 030 [zh] passes through east of Yuzhou.[3] Major roads which run through Yuzhou include theG1516 Yancheng–Luoyang Expressway, theS88 Zhengzhou–Xixia Expressway, andHenan provincial highways S103, S237, and S325.[3]
There are Shen垕 ancient town, Junguan kiln site museum, Dahongzhai, China Jun porcelain Culture Park and other tourist attractions.[11]
There were Han Fei, Lu Buwei, Zhang Liang, Wu Daozi, Chao Cuo, Chu Suiliang, Guo Jia, Sima Hui and other famous historical figures in Yuzhou.[4]