| Voiced labiodental plosive | |
|---|---|
| b̪ | |
| ȸ | |
| IPA number | 102 408 |
| Encoding | |
| Entity(decimal) | b̪ |
| Unicode(hex) | U+0062 U+032A |
| X-SAMPA | b_d |
| Braille |    |
Thevoiced labiodental plosive orstop is aconsonant sound produced like a[b], but with the lower lip contacting the upper teeth, as in[v]. This can be represented in theIPA as ⟨b̪⟩. A separate symbol that is sometimes seen, especially inBantu linguistics, but not recognized by the IPA, is thedb ligature ⟨ȸ⟩.
The voiced labiodental plosive is not known to bephonemic in any language. However, it does occurallophonically:
In theAustronesian languageSika, this sound occurs as an allophone of thelabiodental flap in careful pronunciation.[citation needed]
The XiNkuna dialect ofTsonga hasaffricates,[p̪͡f] (voiceless labiodental affricate) and[b̪͡v] (voiced labiodental affricate).
Features of the "voiced labiodental stop":
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Danish | Standard[1] | ved | [b̪̆e̝ːˀð̠˕ˠ] | 'know(s)' | Rather short; also described as an approximant[ʋ]. A rare alternative is a fricative[v].[2] SeeDanish phonology. |
| English | subversive | [sʌb̪ˈvɚsɪv] | 'subversive' | Common allophone of/b/ before the labiodentals/f/ and/v/ (although it is also possible for the labiodentals to shift to bilabial[ɸ] and[β], respectively, instead). | |
| Ibanag | bavi | [bab̪ᵛiː] | ˈpig/pork' | Slightly affricated; allophonic variant of /v/ for some elderly speakers, especially those who lack front teeth. May be a flap /ⱱ/ instead. | |
| Sika[citation needed] | [example needed] | Allophone of/ⱱ/ in careful pronunciation. | |||
| Slovene | ob vodi | [ob̪‿ˈʋɔ̀ːdí] | 'by the water' | Allophone of/b/ before/f,ʋ/. SeeSlovene phonology. | |
